In this article, we will share MP Board Class 10th Social Science Book Solutions Chapter 14 Main Challenges Before Democracy Pdf, These solutions are solved subject experts from the latest edition books.
MP Board Class 10th Social Science Solutions Chapter 14 Main Challenges Before Democracy
MP Board Class 10th Social Science Chapter 14 Textbook Exercises
Objective Type Questions
Question 1.
Multiple Choice Questions:
(Choose the correct answer from the following)
Question (i)
Indicate place of India in comparison to other countries of the world in respect of its total population. (MP Board 2009, 2013)
(a) Third
(b) Second
(c) Seventh
(d) Fifth.
Answer:
(b) Second
Question (ii)
Which mode the terrorists adopt to carry out their terrorist activities?
(a) Peace talks
(b) Education
(c) Politics
(d) Murder and abduction.
Answer:
(d) Murder and abduction.
Question (iii)
Who started the prohibition Movement against liquor consumption? (MP Board 2009)
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Swami Vivekanand
(d) Lai Bahadur Shastri.
Answer:
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
Question (iv)
To remove unemployment, what steps should be taken by the Government for the students after they pass their high school examination?
(a) Vocational education
(b) Spiritual education
(c) Political education
(d) Moral education.
Answer:
(a) Vocational education
MP Board Class 10th Social Science Chapter 14 Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What are the challenges before democracy?
Answer:
Population explosion, Unemployment, Terrorism.
Question 2.
What is Communalism?
Answer:
The feeling under which a person considers the people of his own religion to be good but those of other religion as his enemies.
Question 3.
What is drug or intoxcating thing?
Answer:
Drugs make the brain inactive, blood circulation becomes fast and such kick gives momentary pleasure. When intoxicating things are taken, the person loses control over himself the brain becomes inactive and the body also becomes inactive when the effect of the intoxicant is gone.
Question 4.
What is the meaning of unemployment?
Answer:
Unemployment is a situation where people are willing to work on the prevalent rate of wages/salary but they do not find work. In the situation this gap between the available labour supply and opportunities for employment increases.
Question 5.
Illiteracy is a hurdle in the way of healthy public opinion, explain?
Answer:
In order to improve literacy, many programmes have been taken up by the government. While the government is committed to provide universal education for the 6-14 years of age group other measures are also being undertaken through different five year plans commissions and special committees. Special attention is also being paid to adult education and non formal education.
Question 6.
What is Urban Unemployment?
Answer:
The number of educated unemployed youths is increasing because of two reasons youths acquire higher education in the hope of getting better employment opportunities so also there is an influx of working population from villages to urban areas. On the other hand due to mechanisation and modernisation need for large number of employees has diminished, as a result, employment opportunities have diminished so also unemployment in the industry sector has also increased.
Question 7.
What is social inequality?
Answer:
The factors as untouchability, man – woman discrimination and sense of subordination create the phenomenon of social inequality in our society.
MP Board Class 10th Social Science Chapter 14 Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What do you mean by population explosion? Explain.
Or
Write the social causes of population explosion. (MP Board 2009)
Answer:
When the rate of growth of the population becomes very fast and assumes such proportions that the available resources fall short of the needs of the people, such situation is termed as Population explosion. All the efforts directed towards economic development of the country are nullified because of the fast growth of the population.
The geographical area of the Country is 2.4 per cent of the total geographical area of the world whereas, the country’s populations is 16.87 percent of the world’s population. India is second in the world so far as population is concerned while its place is seventh in the world in respect of the geographical area available. Because of the population explosion the problems of food, clothing and shelter have become grave.
Question 2.
Write four reasons for spread of communalism?
Or
What is communalism? Write its main reasons. (MP Board 2009, 2013)
Answer:
Communalism tends to place one’s religious community above others, even above the nation. It divides the society, along religious lines. It is deterimental to country’s unity and security as well as to the process of national integration.
1. The policy of dividing the country is responsible for the spread of communalism in the country, as a result of which a sense of distrust has developed among people of different religions who were earlier living in harmony in the country.
2. The politicians and political leaders accept the unreasonable demands of the people of different sects and religions and please them for winning the elections and political gain.
3. Some political leaders also, for their selfish motives, do not make efforts to spread education amongst the illiterate people to eradicate unemployment and poverty, and only encourage the people to take religious education of their sects. In the absence of right education, rational thinking does not develop among them and their standard does not improve.
4. Some countries make exaggerated propaganda of small events and arouse communal feelings among the people of the country.
5. Sometimes the government also does not take right action timely; if this is done, the events taking a grave turn can be checked and riots can be prevented.
Question 3.
Why should there be ban on drugs?
Answer:
Drug dependency creates a sense of insurgency and unrest, Due to unrest an individual involves in the act of antisocial and antinational activities. Therefore drugs should be banned for the social and national interests.
Question 4.
Write four reasons of increase in population?
Or
Mention any five causes of population growth in India. (MP Board 2009, 2013)
Answer:
- Due to poverty more children are considered to be an economic asset.
- Children of people engaged in agriculture help them in agricultural operations, grazing the cattle and protecting the crops.
- Illiterate people are not able to appreciate the problems of over population and large family. They therefore, do not pay any attention towards this problem.
- The climate of India is hot. The girls here attain puberty in early age, due to early marriage they give birth to child early.
- The Indian society believes in old traditions where birth of a male child is given more importance.
Question 5.
What measures should be adopted to check the growth of population?
Answer:
Following steps are being taken in this direction:
- Family planning Programme has been implemented and constant propaganda and publicity is being done for its success.
- Family planning centres have been set up in dues and villages.
- The age of marriage has been increased to 18 years for girls and 21 year for the boys.
- Family planning programmes are being promoted and training programmes are being organised to make the programme effective.
- Promotion of the philosphy of two children in a family.
- Pay attention to wards basic maternity facilities.
- Immunisation and vaccination against certain diseases.
- Pay more attention towards women education.
- To associate social institutions in the family planning programme.
MP Board Class 10th Social Science Chapter 14 Long Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What is the effect of drugs on the body? (MP Board 2009, 2001)
Answer:
These days the trend of drug addiction has increased which is a cause of concern. Drugs production takes place only in a few countries but their consumption is worldwide. They are smuggled because they fetch very high price.
The main effects of drugs are:
- Drug addiction adversely affects the health of the concerned person. The body becomes inactive and the person suffers from several diseases.
- The physical and mental efficiency deteriorates and the person is incapable to do more work.
- His financial condition also deteriorates. A major portion of the income is wasted on drugs which, otherwise, could have been utilised for family needs. Domestic quarrels increase and the development of children is adversely affected.
- Social status of the drug addicts is also adversely affected. They are not looked upon in the society as good people. The whole family has to suffer.
- Due to the consumption of drugs quarrels, thefts, sex crimes increase, and the law and order situation also deteriorates.
- Smuggling of drugs increases and the Government has to spend its energy and resources to control drug trafficking.
Question 2.
What measures should be adopted to remove unemployment from India? (MP Board 2009)
Or
Write the five measures to eradicate unemployment. (MP Board 2009, 2012)
Answer:
Ways and Means to Remove Unemployment:
1. Control the Size in Population:
The rising population should be controlled, this is necessary along with steps to increase employment opportunities.
2. Development of Small and Cottage Industries:
These industries help people engage themselves in part time employment. Capital investment is less and family members themselves run these industries. These industries help the farmers to work in their spare time according to their capacity and fruitfully put to use their labour and craftsmanship. They can invest their small savings and earn additional income for their family. The Government should also promote such industries by providing them capital.
3. Vocational Education:
There is need of change in the education system of the country. The students should be encouraged and helped to opt for employment oriented courses after passing high school examination this will enable them to get employment.
4. Investment in public sector should be made on a large scale to remove unemployment. In the private sector also setting up large industrial units which are labour intensive should be set up. Government should control and regulate setting up of capital intensive large industrial units where less human labour input is needed otherwise it will give rise to unemployment.
5. Development of Subsidiary Occupations:
In the rural areas subsidiary occupations like dairy development, pisciculture, poultry, horticulture and floriculture should be encouraged.
6. Training Facilities:
Facilities for training of unskilled workers should be organised, for this training centres should be opened as per the demand for labour in specific trades/sector, mobility of labour should be encouraged by giving them necessary help and assistance.
7. Extension of Rural Employment Schemes:
Development schemes for the rural areas should be extended further. More agriculture service centres should be opened. Self employment programme, ‘Jawahar Rojgar Yojna’, ‘Samriddhi Yojna’ etc. should be extended further. The ‘Prime Minister Rojgar Yojna’, Employment Guarantee Scheme etc., should also be extended in cities.
8. Development of Agriculture:
New schemes in the sector of agriculture should be introduced. Multi cropping, improved seeds, fertilisers, improved agricultural implements and new techniques in agriculture should be introduced. Timely loans should be provided for agriculture so that income from agriculture may increase and the agriculturists may save money for investment in agriculture itself.
Question 3.
Write how regionalism effects the National Unity?
Answer:
Besides casteism there are other problems like regional and linguistic feelings. The people even today prefer to identity them selves with their region. People work on the basis of regional feelings consequently impartiality in the state is affected. People of a particular region want that only their region should develop.
The Britishers, during their rule, developed some specific areas, here, good facilities were available in the field of education, communication etc. Such areas developed economically also. Those areas which lagged behind are now trying for the development of their area. Such regional feelings give rise to the demand for a separate state for themselves. In Andhra Pradesh people are asking for a separate Telangana State.
Demand for a separate Bundel Khand State and ‘Brij Pradesh’ are also made from time to time. When regional interests are given importance over national interests, then the democratic values are given less importance.Sometimes it is said that a particular region is for the people of that region only. This ideology is not only undemocratic but against the sprit of national integration and the Constitution.
Question 4.
What are the effects of terrorism on the society? What measures should be adopted to fight terrorism? (MP Board 2009)
Answer:
Impact and Effect of Terrorism:
1. A sense of insecurity prevails amongst the people.
2. Economic progress is hampered, instead of paying attention towards development activities, the Government has to pay attention towards combating terrorist activities and helping affected families, this adversely affects the government schemes.
3. There is considerable, loss of life and property. Innocent people are killed. Public and private property is damaged.
4. Terrorism poses a situation of undeclared war. Some countries are using terrorism as a diplomatic tool.
Measuers to Fight Terrorism:
- The youths are given constitutional safeguards for the protection of their interests.
- No religion groups should be allowed to play with the unity of the country in the name of minority.
- Feelings of nationhood should be encouraged.
- An over – all national attitude should be allowed to work for total development.
- The economically undeveloped regions should be given special grants for the development of the region.
- No exploitation of the people of one particular region be allowed by others.
- Those who encourage communalism should be punished.
- Textbook having communal spirit should be removed from the syllabus.
- They would be permitted to have their own educational institutions.
- The constitution prohibits every kind of discrimination committed against minorities.
Question 5.
Describe the factors which are adversely affecting the success of democracy in the country. Write what measures should be adopted for the success of democracy in the country. (MP Board 2012)
Answer:
1. Unemployment:
In the agriculture sector opportunities of gainful employment thoughout the year are not there farmers are unemployed of about six months in a year. Cottage industries have also not developed due to lack of capital; consequently they are unable to employ themselves round the year and their income is also not increasing.
2. Over – population:
The efficiency and capacity of people to work is also affected adversely. In our country a family with two children has been considered ideal whereas in our neighbouring country China, a family with only one child has been considered to be ideal. The pace, at which .the population of our country is increasing, it may soon exceed the population of China.
3. Illiteracy:
Democracy can be successful if the citizens are literate and educated. According to Census 2001 the percentage of literacy in India was 64.8, whereas women literacy was only 53.7 per cent. Although both men and women enjoy equal rights, lack of education pose many problems in successful running of democracy.
4. Social Evils:
Indian society is a traditional society. The people do not freely express themselves, free expression of ideas is a prerequisite in democracy.
Even today social evils like untouchability, discrimination against women, feeling of caste supremacy, superstition etc. are prevalent in the society these social evils do not allow democracy to become a part of our system.
Measures to Remove Bottlenecks of Democracy:
In the preamble of the Constitution, the objectives of the State Policy have been clearly defined. These objectives are democratic secular republic, equality liberty and fraternity for all the citizens, social, economic and political justice, dignity of the people, and protecting the unity and integrity of the people.
Soon after independence the Government, administration and the people are making constant efforts to achieve these objectives. But certain factors are coming in the way of achieving the above objectives.For removing poverty and unemployment, social awareness is also necessary besides government efforts. Individual and the society together should come forward to take the benefits of government schemes.
Vocational education and self – employment schemes need to be given a boost. Public awareness is necessary for spread of education. Casteism and caste feelings, regional feelings, linguistic issues, all these are related to the mental make up of the people. There is need to take stops to ensure that people follow the law. The election system also needs improvement therefore steps to improve the system are also necessary.
MP Board Class 10th Social Science Chapter 14 Additional Important Questions
Objective Type Questions:
Question 1.
Multiple Choice Questions:
(Choose the correct answer from the following)
Question (i)
The population of India is –
(a) 10.28 Million
(b) 10.28 Billion
(c) 1028 Crore
(d) Nope of these.
Answer:
(b) 10.28 Billion
Question (ii)
According to 2001 census, the percentage of literacy in India is – (MP Board 2009)
(a) 64.8%
(b) 65.8%
(c) 66.6%
(d) 75.4%
Answer:
(a) 64.8%
Question (iii)
The running of weapons is related to –
(a) Terrorism
(b) Unemployment
(c) Poverty
(d) Illiteracy
Answer:
(a) Terrorism
Question (iv)
secularism means
(a) Cooperation
(b) Non – Violence
(c) Movement
(d) Religious tolerence
Answer:
(d) Religious tolerence
Question (v)
Causes of unemployment in India is – (MP Board 2009)
(a) Fast growth of population
(b) Defective education system
(c) Use of modern technology in industries
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these
Question 2.
Fill in the blanks:
- ……………. unemployment is the latest form of unemployment.
- Criminalisation of politics is the great threat of our ……………..
- …………….. are injurious to health.
- The male literacy rate of India is ………………
- The literacy rate in Madhya Pradesh is ……………….
- Compulsory and free education to all children comprising the ………………. years age group.
- Region used for personal goles is called ………………
Answer:
- Agricultural
- democracy
- drugs
- 63.85%
- 43.45%
- 6-14
- Communalism.
Question 3.
True and False type questions:
- As per the census 1901, the country’s population was 23.8 crores.
- Population explosion hampers the economic growth.
- Mahatma Gandhi started the strong compaign to check drug addition.
- There is a ban on untouchability according to our society.
Answer:
- True
- True
- True
- False.
Question 4.
Match the column:
Answer:
1. (b)
2. (c)
3. (d)
4. (a)
Answer in One – Two Words or One Sentence:
Question 1.
What is Minorities?
Answer:
The religious groups in a country which are very less in numbers.
Question 2.
What do you mean by Regionalism?
Answer:
The attachment to a particular region and state by its people based on language, culture and economic interests.
Question 3.
What is meant by Separatism?
Answer:
Withdrawing from the national mainstream and forming a separate group or state.
Question 4.
What are the Linguistic States?
Answer:
The states formed on the basis of languages spoken by people of that area.
Question 5.
What is Casteism?
Answer:
A system which is based on division of society on the basis of castes.
Question 6.
What do you mean by Untouchability?
Answer:
A social system which prohibits the mixing with lower castes with people of lower caste.
Question 7.
What is Scheduled Caste?
Answer:
The castes listed with government as lower castes for whom special provisions have been made for their upliftment.
Question 8.
How can the evil of casteism removed?
Answer:
The evil of casteism can be removed by forming strong public opinion and expression against the casteism.
MP Board Class 10th Social Science Chapter 14 Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What is adult education?
Answer:
All the adults who could not get opportunity of going to school are persued to literate themselves by the programmes of education adopted by various private and government agencies.
Question 2.
What is non – formal education?
Answer:
The education which is not necessarily imparted in the classrooms with the scheduled time table. The education outside the school with the available resources and without routine school hours is called non – formal education.
Question 3.
What were the forms of untouchability prevelent in the society past?
Answer:
Untouchables will not be given education, they could not eat with others, they could not live with the common people in the village. They could not even use the village well or tap.
Question 4.
What is Scheduled Tribes?
Answer:
The tribal people who have been regarded as undeveloped socially and economically and for whom special provisions have been made by the government.
Question 5.
What meaning is now given to the term ‘Regionalism’?
Answer:
The common meaning attached to the word region today is the unity based on languages as well as culture and economic interests. Preaching and propagting this type of feeling is called Regionalism.
Question 6.
Are the regional aspirations always wrong?
Answer:
No. In a democracy if the regional economic disparities are glaring, it is worthwhile to raise voice for the economic equality. It becomes bad only when the vested interests make political capital out of it and harbour the feeling of separatism.
Question 7.
How does economic inequality hinder the proper functioning of democracy in India?
Answer:
Economic disparity is a big hurdle in the way of democracy. It breeds the feeling of regionalism and resulting hatred and ill wills for each other.
MP Board Class 10th Social Science Chapter 14 Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What are the three major social challenges before our society?
Answer:
The three major social challenges before our society are:
- Women’s social inequality and economic dependence.
- Untouchability, resulting in the traditional social, economic and political opperssion and suppression of the so called untouchables.
- Mass illiteracy which needs to be eradicated so that each individual understands the value of rights and obligations towards the society.
Question 2.
Write a short note on unemployment?
Answer:
When one is ready to do a job but fails to get one, it is called unemployment. This is a very grave problem which robs a man of all that is good in him. This problem should be tackled by setting up more and more industrial units, by imparting technical education to the youngmen, by helping the educated unemployed to start their own business establishments or mini – workshops.
Question 3.
Describe how Nepotism and Bribery are a challange to Indian democracy?
Answer:
Nepotism and Bribery reduce the efficiency of the government. This also results in frustration for the common man because he may not get his due as he has no powerful connections and is incapable of greasing the plam. This leads to violence and problems among the youth. Besides, people begin to curse the government for its failure to curb these mal – practices and loose faith in the democratic government.
Question 4.
Write four reasons why terrorism is resorted to?
Answer:
- Unemployment
- Poverty
- Political objectives
- Corruption
- Consumerism
MP Board Class 10th Social Science Chapter 14 Long Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What is meant by untouchability? How does it hinder the growth of our country?
Answer:
One of the worst outcome of the caste system is called untouchability. This means that the people of upper caste would not even touch those of the lower caste. These people were not allowed to sit, eat and share their problems with the upper class people. It was the most inhuman aspect of Indian society. It hampers the growth and development of the society in the following ways:
1. A large section of the society is deprived of their right to contribute to the building of the society and the nation. Their talents and force go waste.
2.The people get divided into different castes that causes formation of different classes in the society. This harms to a great extent the unity of the country. Particularly in a country like India it has most damaging effects.
3. In a society based on castes, people tend to caste their votes at the time of election on caste basis. This deepens the gap between different castes. They can never come together.
Question 2.
What are the main causes of unemployment among the tribes of India?
Answer:
The people in the tribal regioins are uneducated. Inspite of the number of developmental schemes initiated by the government the tribals and other backward communities do not avail the .facilities. This is the reason that most of the people in these communities are unemployed. The problem of unemployment is due to the following reasons:
1. Industry is underdeveloped in our country. It is more in the . case of small scale and cottage industry. Nobody wants to invest money in the tribal area of the country because basic infra – structural facilities are lacking in these regions.
2. India as a whole suffers from paucity of capital. Moreover, it is not profitable to invest in the tribal regions unless government support is available.
3. The tribals therefore live by hunting and fishing. Members of these communities work as labours where factories have been opened but most of them do not get a settle and permanent job.
Question 3.
How is the spirit of communalism detrimental to national unity?
Answer:
Communalism means considering one’s own religion stiperior to that of others and to hate other religions. This type of feeling is a big hinderance in the way of the national unity of our country. The spirit of communalism is detrimental to national unity because:
1. Communalism results in riots and breach of peace National unity cannot be maintained under such circumstances.
2. Communalism gives rise to hatred and differences which harm the unity of the country. This sort of feeling is a grave danger to the democracy as well.
3. National unity is maintained with the feeling of respect for each other’s religion, caste, community and religion. Tolerance is a great virtue which is the essence of democratic norms and ideas. India is a secular state. It is as much as country of the Muslims, as of Christians Hindus and others who have been borned in India and are living here.
Question 4.
Write what measures should be adopted to arrest population growth?
Answer:
Steps to Solve the Problem of Population Growth:
The only way to arrest population growth in India is to drastically control the birth rate. The Government has formulated a population policy1 to arrest the growth of population in the country. Following steps are being taken in this direction:
- Family planning programme has been implemented and constant propaganda and publicity is being done for its success.
- Family Planning centres have been set up in cities and villages.
- The age of marriage has been increased to 18 years for girls and 21 years for the boys.
- Family planning programmes are being pfomoted and training programmes are being organised to make the programme effective.
- Promotion of the philosophy of two children family.
- Pay attention towards basic maternity facilities.
- Immunisation and vaccination against certain diseases.
- Pay more attention towards women education.
- To associate social institutions in the family planning programme.
Question 5.
Write what steps should be taken to remove unemployment from the country?
Answer:
Steps to Reduce Unemployment: Apart from the programmes of development of infrastructure, our government has undertaken several special programmes to generate employment opportunities in the country. Among them major programmes are:
- Jawahar Rozgar Yojna
- Nehru Rozgar Yojna
- Employment Assurance Scheme
- Prime Minister’s Rozgar Yojna
- Swama Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojna
- Swarna Jayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojna
- Job for 100 days
- Besides these programmes, skill development among yojna generation has also been raised. Central Board of Worker’s Education (CBWE) and ITI are doing significant work in this direction.