Class 11 – Page 21 – MP Board Solutions

The Gospel of Selfless Action Question Answer Class 11 English A Voyage Chapter 25 MP Board

February 10, 2025February 9, 2025 by Bhagya

Class 11 English A Voyage Chapter 25 The Gospel of Selfless Action Questions and Answers

The Gospel of Selfless Action Class 11th Question Answer

Word Power

A. Use the following pair of words in sentences to bring out their and their difference.
guise-guys, right-rite, peace-piece, fount-font, buy-by, jealous- zealous, fear-fair.
Answer :
Guise —The pandit was begging in the guise of a beggar.
Guys—Some of the guys came forward to help me.

Right—the right to information has empowered common man to a great extent.
Rite—A great number of people were present in the last rite of Mr Ahuja.

Peace—Everyone wants to live in peace.
Piece—I am totally confused and want a piece of advice from you.

Fount—Tanay treats his father as if he were the fount of all knowledge
Font—The font size of this book is too small.

Buy—I don’t have much money to buy a flat.
By—He started telling the woes of his life sitting by me.

Jealous—My parents are jealous of none.
Zealous—Raja Rammohan Ray was a zealous social reformer.

Fear—The boy was shaking with fear.
Fair—There is a fair chance that Ankit might obtain first position in his class.

B. Match the words is column ‘A’ with their Synonyms in column ‘B’.

A – B

1. lofty – not important or serious
2. trivial – something that you are given for a good deed
3. alluring – very high and impressive
4. reward – a strong feeling that something is true
5. belief – attracting and exciting
Answer:

A – B
1. lofty – very high and impressive
2. trivial – not important or serious
3. alluring – attracting and exciting
4. reward – something that you are given for a good deed
5. belief – a strong feeling that something is true

C. Give one word for the following expressions:
1. The ability to suffer something, especially pain, difficult conditions without being harmed.
2. To fail to have the effect that you had intended.
3. The state of being alone, especailly when you find this pleasant.
4. An attempt to do something especially new or different.
5. A person or thing that represents a typical example of an idea or a quality,
Answer:

Repentance
Unaffected
Solitude
Endeavour
Incarnation

D. Make sentences using the noun forms of the words given below:

1. describe
2. confirm
3. dedicate
4. follow
5. believe
6. consider
7. solve
8. buy
9. active
10. equip
Answer:

Describe—description—Give me a full description of the procedure.
Confirm—confirmation—I have just now got the confirmation letter of my job.
Dedicate—dedication—We should do our job with full dedication.
Follow—follower—Gandhiji was a follower of truth and non-violence.
Believe—belief—I have belief in what I am doing.
Consider—consideration—The matter is currently under consideration.
Solve—solution—I have got a solution to my problem.
Buy—buyers—There is a close relation between the buyers and the seller.
Active—action—Immediate action should be taken to control price-rise.
Equip—equipment—The equipment of the newly established office is very essential.

Comprehension

(a) Choose the correct alternative:

Question 1.
The author of the Gita has insisted on
(a) The use of political efforts to resist war
(b) Futility of physical warfare
(c) The necessity of warfare
(d) All of these.
Answer:
(b) Futility of physical warfare

Question 2.
The second Chapter of the Gita tells us—
(a) About worldly wisdom
(b) Who a perfect man is
(c) About physical warfare
(d) The art of chivalary
Answer:
(b) Who a perfect man is

Question 3.
Man is at peace with himself when he
(a) Becomes a perfect man
(b) Resembles God
(c) Acts according to the Gita
(d) Attains self-realization
Answer:
(d) Attains self-realization

Question 4.
Spiritual ambition means
(a) To get worldy wealth with the help of spirituality
(b) That which is controlled by modern ambition
(c) Very high and lofty ambitions
(d) Working towards spiritual upliftment of the soul.
Answer:
(c) Very high and lofty ambitions

(b) Answer the following questions in one sentence each:

Question 1.
When did Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi first become acquainted with the Gita?
Answer:
Fie first became acquainted with the Gita in 1888-89

Question 2.
What is Krishna in the Gita?
Answer:
Krishna in the Gita is perfection.

Question 3.
What does the future generation pay homage to?
Answer:
The future generation pays hpmage to a legacy of miseries.

Question 4.
How can one be free from action?
Answer:
One can be free from action by surrendering oneself to God, body and soul.

Question 5.
What do all religions proclaim?
Answer:
All religions proclaim that ft is possible for man, by treating the body as the temple of God, to attain freedom.

Question 6.
What is meant by the term ‘action’?
Answer:
The term ‘action’ includes all activity, whether mental or physical.

Question 1.
How did the author feel when he first became acquainted with the Gita?
Answer:
When the author first became acquinted with the Gita, he felt that it was not a historical work, but that under the guise of physical warfare, it described the dwel that constantly went on in the hearts of mankind, and that physical warfare was brought in merely to make the description of the internal dwel more attractive and exciting.

Question 2.
What is self-realization?
Answer:
Self-realization is a state of mind in which an individual feels what he is in reality. At this stage he realizes all his good and evil deeds and wills. This is a state of solitude where a man achieves eternity.

Question 3.
What does the author mean by hearts of mankind?
Answer:
Here the author means minor care of a man’s conscience that is extremely internal and pure.

Question 4.
What is renunciation?
Answer:
Renunciation is an act of stating publicly that you no longer believe something or that you are giving something up. In the context of the lesson renunciation means giving up fruits of action.

Question 5.
What is perfect peace?
Answer:
Salvation of the Gita is perfect peace.

Question 6.
Can one attain desirelessness?
Answer:
One can attain desirelessness only by a constant heart churn. Right knowledge is necessary for desirelessness or renunciation. In order.that knowledge may not run riot, the author of the Gita has insisted on devotion accompanying it and has given it the first place.

(d) Answer the following questions in about 150 words each.

Question 1.
What is self-realization?
Answer:
Self-realization is a state of mind in which an individual feels what he is in reality. At this stage he realizes all his good and evil deeds and wills. This is a state of solitude where a man achieves eternity. For example, when the dacoit Angulimal was made to realize his evils by Gautam Buddha, he changed his path and embraced Buddha. This was his self-realization. Similarly, when in the battle of Mahabharata Arjuna declined to initiate war, Lord Krishna showed him the path of self-realization by saying that he was not fighting with his kith and kin but he was fighting with evils. Guru Drona.

Bhishma Pitamah, Kama and all the other opponents were the symbols of evil path because they could not protect the. religion, the diginity of a woman. So, they all were sinners and to punish a sinner is the duty of a true soul. Whether Arjuna would kill them or not, they were destined to die as a punishment whoever punishes would be true soul. Arjuna was chosen by God to punish them. So, he must act. Otherwise he would also be punished for his ignorance. Later, he realized the truth and initiated war.

Question 2.
What are the characterstics of a real devotee?
Answer:
The devotion required by the Gita certainly is not blind faith. The devotion of the Gita has the least to do with externals. A devotee may use, if he likes, roseries, forehead marks;-make offerings, 11 but these things are not test of his devotion. A real devotee is one who is jealous of none, who is a fount of mercy, who is without egotism, who is selfless and who treats alike cold and heat, happiness and misery. A real devotee is ever forgiving and is always contented. His resolutions are firm. He possesses dedicated mind and soul to God.

He causes no dread and is not afraid of others. He is free from excellation, sorrow and fear. He is pure and is versed in action and yet remains unaffected by it. He renounces all fruits, good or bad.He treats friend and foe alike. He is untouched by respect or disrespect. He is not puffed up by praise and does not go under when people speak ill of him. He loves silence and solitude. He has a disciplined reason. Thus, to be a real devotee is to realize oneself.

Question 3.
In the opinion of Mahatma Gandhi, what is the Gita?
Answer:
The Gita, according to Mahatma Gandhi, revolves round self-realization. The object of the Gita appears to Gandhi to be that 1 of showing the most excellent way to attain this self-realization that which is to be found, more or less clearly, spread out here and there in Indian religious books, has been brought out in the clearest possible language in the Gita even at the rise of repetition. This is the centre round which the Gita is woven. This renunciation, as Mahatma Gandhi f says, is the central sun, round which devotion, knowledge and the rest revolve like planets.

The body is just like a prison. There must be action where there is body. Not one embodied being is exempted from labour. And yet all religions proclaim that is is possible for man,by treating the body as the temple of God, to attain freedom. Every action, is tained, be it ever so trivial. Then how can one be free from action, i.e., from the taint of sin? The Gita has answered the question in decisive language. It means that one can be free from action by desireless action,, by renouncing fruits of action by dedicating all activities of God, i.e. by surrendering oneself to Him body and soul.The Gita is, thus a great religious poem. The deeper we dive into it, the richer the meanings we get. It being meant for the people at large.

Question 4.
Explain the Expressions
(i) He who gives up attains ;
(ii) He who gives up only the reward rises.
Answer:
(i) ‘He who gives up attains’ means sacrifice is the way through which one can attain all bliss. Suppose, parents sacrifice their comforts for providing their children a successful life. They attain later. If they bring up their children with all care and axienty, they attain a wonderful peace for having a successful world for their children. But, if they fail to do it, their life becomes a hell, as their children can never succeed and become good citizens.

(ii) He who .gives up only the reward rises We can understand this with the help of the example of Gautam Buddha. This great man had acquired every thing by the bliss of God. He belonged to a royal family. He could have lived his life in great comfort. But he gave up all these royal comforts and left the palace in search of truth. Later on, he attained enlightenment. People bowed before him. He became a world figure. His messages were spread all over the world. This reward rose due to his giving up.

Question 5.
Justify the message given is the Gila in modern context.
Or
How the message of the Gita can help resolving modem day problems? Discuss.
Answer:
The Gita contains messages of self-realization. It was spoken out by Lord Krishna just before the beginning of the great war, called Mahabharata. The moment when Krishna, the charioteer of Arjuna in the Mahabharata, brought him just in the centre of the two opponents, he found Arjuna was confused. All around Arjuna saw his Kith and Kin. He hesitated to fight against Bhishma Pitamah, who had evershadowed the whole of Kaurava dynasty, Guru Drona, who had tanght him with a wish to make him the greatest archer.

Finally, he refused. Then Krishna began to show him the real truth. He told him that there are two powers good and evil peristing in the world all the time. Good people choose a good path, follow the true religion and all the ideals. But bad people choose the evil one and break all the religious ways and ideals. Punishments and rewards are already fixed for all of them.

Good people live in peace and are always blessed by God. But bad people are always impatient and finally they are punished by God. God has already created every situation how, when and where he will punish or reward the recipient. In the war of the Mahabharata, there are two great powers.

The Pandavas, representing the true religion and the Kauravas representing all evils. Lord Krishna is on the side of the Pandavas. For the time being the evil person rejoice their life as they gain in the preliminary stages. Sometimes, they are given opportunity to realize but they don’t care.

After several chances, they are finally punished. For punishing them, one has to take a lead, either, lonely, or collectively. In the present context of the world situation, we see everywhere there is corruption, lowlessness, anarchy and unbearable living situation. Everyday we come across the news of child rapes, human trafficking, riots, etc. The whole system has become disfunctional. Everyone has become individualistic and seeks his own safety and comfort. No body thinks for the society.

Even in the government machinery, there is corruption, nepotism etc. There is a need of Krishna to come and take lead to control the situation. Krishna has said in the Gita, whenever the religion is in danger, I will incarnate and take everything in control’ sometimes ‘ somewhere we see a Krishna saving our society. But in such a large country, we need many Krishnas.

Speaking Activity

(a) Deliver a short speech on the importance of the lessons imparted through different Indian religions books.
Answer:
The lessons imparted through different Indian religious books are of great importance. They teach us high moral values such as tolerance, forbearance, discipline, sympathy etc. These values if incorporated in a peson lead to a modest life. They also teach us to have faith in God and in oneself. They tell us to believe in constant efforts. With determination, confidence and strong will power also sometimes people fail in the assigned work. This is because they did not use proper and continuous efforts to achieve the long cherished accomplishment. Thus, constant efforts untiring efforts should be there.

Different Indian religious books convey a common message of brotherhood, peace, community feeling, etc. We should believe in these values to make our life a worthy one. ‘Live and let live is also an important mess as which these books convey to us.

(b) Discuss Mahatma Gandhi’s contribution towards India under the light of the message given in the Gita.
Answer:
Mahatma Gandhi, whom we call reverently ‘Bapu’ had immense faith in non-violence and tolerance. He always stressed on selfless action. He never allowed himself to use wrong means to attain the right ends. Throughout his life he taught people to have faith in God and themselves. He devoted his life to the service of mankind. People across the world, adore him for his noble ideas and simplicity.

Writing Activity

(a) Write a paragraph on the teachings of the Gita.
Answer:
(i) Material compassion, lamentation and tears are all signs of ignorance of the real self. Compassion for the eternal soul is self-realization.

(ii) He is a miserly man who does not slove the problems of life as a human and who thus quits this world like the cats and dogs, without understanding the science of self-realization. This human form of life is a most valuable asset for the living entity who can utilize it for solving the problems of life, therefore, one who does not utilize this opportunity properly is a miser. On the other hand, there is he who is intelligent enough to utilize this body to slove all the problems of life.

(iii) Since every living entity is an individual soul, each is changing his body every moment, manifesting sometimes as child, sometimes as a‘youth, and sometimes as an old man. Yet the same spirit should be there and does not undergo any change. This individual soul finally changes the body at death and transmigrates to another body; and since it is sure to have another body is the next birth,either material or spiritual there was no cause of lamentation by Arjuna on account of death of his Kith and Kin.

(iv) There is no endurance of the changing body. That the body is changing every moment by the actions and reactions for the different cells is admitted by modern medical science, and thus growth and old age are taking place in the body. But the spirit soul exists permanently, remaining the same despite all changes of the body and the mind. That is the difference between matter and spirit.

(v) Owing to ignorance, one does not know that this material world is a miserable place where there are dangers at every step. Out of ignorance only, less intelligent persons try to adjust to the situation by fruitive activities, thinking that resultant actions will make them happy. They do not know that no kind of material body among anywhere within the universe can give life without miseries. The miseries of life, namely birth, death, old age and diseases, are present everywhere within the material world.

(b) As we know every religion insists on tolerance. Make a list of other noble values fostered by other Indian religions .
Answer:
A list of the noble values fostered by various Indian religious books are:

Compassion
Sympathy
Brotherhood
Perserverance
Optimism
Humaneness
Self-respect
Faith in oneself
Faith in god
Love and kindness

Things to Do

Gather information about some great mythological heroes and share it with your classmates.
Answer:
Do Yourself.

The Gospel of Selfless Action Introduction

Tine passage ‘The Gospel of Selfless Action’ is taken from the writings of Mahatma Gandhi bearing on God, God Realization and the Godly way. He who gives up action falls. He who gives up only reward rises. But renunciation of fruit in no way means indifference to the result. In regard to every action one must know the result that is expected to follow, the means thereto, and capacity for it.

The Gospel of Selfless Action Summary in English

Mahatma Gandhi first became acquainted with the Gita in 1880-89. At that time he felt that it was not a historical work, but that under the guise of physical warfare, it described the duel that always went on in the heart of mankind, and that physical warfare was brought in merely to make the description of the internal duel more attractive and exciting.

The Second chapter of the Gita does not teach the rules of physical warfare. It only tells us how a perfected man is to be known. Krishna in the Gita is perfection. But perfection is imagined. The idea of a perfect incarnation is an after growth, This belief in incarnation is a testimony of man’s lofty spiritual ambition. Self-realization is the subject of the Gita. The object of the Gita appears to Gandhi to be that of showing the most excellent way to attain self-realization. The matchless remedy is renunciation of fruits of action, This is the centre round which the Gita is woven. This renunciation is the central sun, round which devotion, knowledge and the rest revolve like planets.

Our body is just like a prison. There must be action where there is body. Then how can one be free from actions, i.e. from the taint of sin, Its answer lies in the Gita, One can be free from of action by renouncing fruits of action and by surrendering oneself to God/ body and soul. Right knowledge is necessary for attaining renunciation and devotion accompanies it. But the devotion required by the Gita certainly is not blind faith. A true devotee is he who is jealous of none and who is fount of mercy. He is forgiving and is free from excellation,

sorrow and fear. Thus, to be a real devotee is to realize oneself. Our knowledge or devotion cannot buy us either salvation or bondage. The extreme of means is salvation. Salvation of the Gita is perfect peace.
All living beings have to do some work. The Gita says, “Do your allotted work but renounce its fruits be detached and work—have no desire for reward and work.” In regard to every action one must know the result that is expected to follow, the means thereto, and capacity for it. lie, who, being thus equipped, is without desire for the result, and is yet wholly engrossed in the due fulfillment of the taste before him, is said to have renounced the fruits of his action.

The Gospel of Selfless Action Word Meaning

MP Board Class 11th English A Voyage Solutions Chapter 25 The Gospel of Selfless Action 1

The Gospel of Selfless Action Summary in Hindi

तिहासिक कृति नहीं पाता था और इस प्राकृति के लिए। महात्मा गाँधी सन् 1880-89 में सर्वप्रथम गीता से अवगत हुए। उस समय उन्हें लगा कि यह कोई ऐतिहासिक कृति नहीं थी बल्कि यह प्राकृतिक युद्ध के वेश में मानवजाति के हृदय में सतत् चलने वाले द्वन्द्व को वर्जित करता था और इस प्राकृतिक युद्ध को लाया गया मात्र आन्तरिक द्वन्द्व के वर्णन को और अधिक आकर्षक और उत्तेजक बनाने के लिए था। गीता का दूसरा अध्याय प्राकृतिक युद्ध के नियमों को नहीं बताता है। यह बस यह बताता है कि एक आदर्शपूर्ण व्यक्ति कैसे जाना जाता है। कृष्ण गीता में आदर्श हैं। लेकिन इस आदर्श की कल्पना की गई है। एक आदर्श अवतार का विचार इसके बाद की कल्पना है। अवतार में यह विश्वास आदमी के उदात्त आध्यात्मिक महत्वाकांक्षा का प्रमाण है।

आत्म अनुभूति बोध गीता का विषय है। महात्मा गाँधी के लिए गीता का उद्देश्य आत्मबोध प्राप्त करने के सबसे अच्छे पथ को दिखाना है। कर्म के फल का परित्याग अद्वितीय उपचार है। इसी को केन्द्र में रखकर गीता का ताना-बाना बुना गया है। यह परित्याग केन्द्रीय सूर्य है। जिसके चारों ओर निष्ठा, उपासना, ज्ञान, शेप ग्रहों की तरह चक्कर काटते हैं। हमारा शरीर एक बंदीग्रह की तरह है। जहाँ भी शरीर है, वहीं पर काम/कर्म है। लेकिन प्रत्येक कर्म दूपित है। तब कैसे कोई व्यक्ति कर्म अर्थात् पाप के दोष से अपने को आजाद रख सकता है? इसका उत्तर गीता में हैं। एक व्यक्ति कर्म के फलों का परित्याग करके और स्वयं को ईश्वर के प्रति समर्पित करके कर्म से अर्थात् पाप के दोष से स्वयं को आजाद कर सकता है।

त्याग को प्राप्त करने के लिए सही ज्ञान आवश्यक है और उपासना उसके साथ है। लेकिन जिस श्रद्धा निष्ठा को गीता में आवश्यक बताया गया है वह कोई अँधा विश्वास नहीं है। एक सच्चा उपासक वही होता है जो किसी के प्रति ईर्ष्या नहीं रखता और जो दया का सागर है। वह क्षमाशील है और हर्ष-विपाद से परे है। इस प्रकार सच्चे उपासक के लिए स्वयं का बोध होना आवश्यक है। हमारा ज्ञान या हमारी उपासना न तो मोक्ष को खरीद सकता है न ही दासता -को। गीता का मोक्ष पूर्ण शान्ति है। सभी जीवित प्राणी को कुछ काम करना होता है। गीता में कहा गया है : “जो काम तुम्हें मिला है उसे कर डालो लेकिन फल का त्याग करो। तटस्थ हो और काम करो। फल की इच्छा किए बिना काम करो।”

The Gospel of Selfless Action Some Important Pronunciations

MP Board Class 11th English A Voyage Solutions Chapter 25 The Gospel of Selfless Action 2

The Gospel of Selfless Action Passages For Comprehension

1. Even in 1888-89, when I first became acquainted with the Gila, I felt that it was not a historical work, but that under the guise of physical warfare, it described the duel that perpetually went on in the hearts of mankind, and that physical warfare was brought in merely to make the description of the internal duel more alluring. This preliminary intuition became more confirmed on a closer study of religion and the Gita. A study of the Mahabharata gave it added confirmation.

Questions
(i) What did Mahatma Gandhi feel when he first became acquainted with the Gita in 1888-89?
(ii) What did the Gita describe?
(iii) Why was physical warfare brought?
(iv) Pick out the word from the above passage that means same as The ability to know something by using your ‘feelings rather than considering the facts’.
Answers
(i) When Mahatma Gandhi first became acquainted with the Gita in 1888-89, he felt that it was not a historical work, but that under the guise of physical warfare.
(ii) The Gita described the duel that always went on in the hearts of mankind.
(iii) Physical warfare was brought in merely to make the description of the internal duel more alluring.
(iv) ‘intuition’.

2. Thus the devotion required by the Gita is no soft-hearted effusiveness. It certainly is not blind faith. The devotion of the Gita has the least to do with externals. A devotee may use, if he likes, rosaries, forehead marks, make offering, but these things are no test of his devotion. He is the devotee who is jealous of none, who is a fount of mercy, who is without egotism, who is selfless, who treats alike cold and heat, happiness and misery, who is ever forgiving, who is always contented, whose resolutions are firm, who has dedicated mind and soul to God, who causes no dread, who in not afraid of others, who is free from exultation, sorrow and fear, who is pure, who is versed in action and yet remains unaffected by it, who renounces all fruits, good or bad, who treats friend and foe alike, who is untouched by respect or disrespect, who is not puffed up by praise, who does not go under when people speak ill of him, who loves silence and solitude, who has disciplined reason.

Questions
(i) What does a devotee do to testify his devotion?
(ii) Who is a devotee in the true sense of the term?
(iii) How does a true devotee treat friend and foe.
(iv) How does a true devotee react when praised or criticized by someone?
(v) Pick out the word from the above passage which means the same as ‘showing much or too much emotions.’
Answers
(i) A devotee can use rearies, forehead marks, make offerings to testify his devotions.
(ii) A true devotee is jealous of none is without-egotism selfless, contented and remarks affected by happiness and misery.
(iii) A ture devotee treats friend and foe alike.
(iv) He is not puffed up by praise and does not go under when people speak ill of him.
(v) ‘effusiveness’.

MP Board Class 11th English Solutions

MP Board Class 11th English A Voyage Textbook

King Porus – A Legend of Old Question Answer Class 11 English A Voyage Chapter 18 MP Board

February 10, 2025February 9, 2025 by Bhagya

Class 11 English A Voyage Chapter 18 King Porus – A Legend of Old Questions and Answers

King Porus – A Legend of Old Class 11th Question Answer

Word Power

(a) The poet has used a figure of speech simile in abundance throughout the poem. A simile is a departure from the ordinary form of expression in order to produce a greater effect. In a simile a comparison is made between two objects of different kinds which have however at least one point in common. The simile is usually introduced by such words as like, as or so. Here are some examples from 1st 14 lines.

The lightning flashed bright dazzling, like Fair, woman’s glance from neath her veil.
Came in stealthy step of death, came as the tiger, noiseless, slow,
This war of elements, was nurst

Like to an earthquake in the womb of a volcano, deep and low. Reread the stanzas that follow and pick all the simile’s that appear in the poem and explain them in your own words bringing out the similar features/characteristics of the two things being compared.
Answer:
Some of the examples of simile in the poem are the following:

Line from the poem	Object compared with
Like a Himala-peak	King’s towering personality compared with Himalayan peak.
And like the angry winds that blow	The terrific fight of the army is compared with the stormy wind.
Like to a lion-chained	King Porus is compared with lion.

(b) The poet has beautifully woven In a number of adjectives as epithets to bring out the quality of the noun it is used for. Explain the following expressions in sentences of your to bring out their meaning.
Troubled air, moaning sound, unsuspecting sons, heedless slumber, stealthy step, dreadful yell, gory altar, hardy sons, regal diadem, angry winds, burning gaze, lashing billows, gaping wounds, noble blood, generous rival, flittering crowd.
Answer:

Troubled air—(unfavourable situation): He faced the troubled air bravely.
Moaning sound—(worried): There was a moaning sound in my neighbourhood and so I went there.
Unsuspecting sons—(doubtless loyalty): His army-men were unsuspecting sons.
Heedless Slumber—(sound sleep): There were in heedless slumber.
Stealthy Step—(secretly): The criminals entered the house with stealthy step.
Dreadful Yell-(fearful cry): He made a dreadful yell when he saw a tiger.
Gory Altar-(after covered with blood): Jesus was crucified on a gory altar.
Hardy Sons-( rigorous men): India has produced so many hardy sons.
Regal Diadem-(a special crown): Alexander was wearing a regal diadem.
Angry Winds-(stormy situation): Sometimes we have to face angry winds in life.
Burning Gaze-(fiery look): King Porus had a burning gaze in his – eyes.
Lashing Billows-(stormy waves): King was not affected by the lashing billows of enemies.
Gaping Wounds-(big injuries): He got many gaping wounds in the battle.
Noble Blood-(high decency): He belongs to a noble blood.
Generous Rival-(open hearted enemy): Alexander proved himself to be a generous rival.
Flittering Crewd-(curios audience): The flittering crowd was amazed to see Alexander’s decision.

Comprehension

(A) Write answer to the following questions in three or four sentences:

Question 1.
How does the poet describe the heroic King Porus in the battle-field?
Answer:
The heroic King Porus was like a lion. He was full of triumphant feeling. He was fiery and brave in his fight.

Question 2.
What did Alexander do when he saw Porus fighting on with his gaping wounds?
Answer:
Alexander was really great. When he saw gaping wounds of King Porus bleeding, he cried, “Desist-desist! such noble blood should not be shed.

Question 3.
Porus is compared to a chained lion as he walks to the Macedonian King. What qualities of Porus is the poet trying to highlight?
Answer:
The poet is trying to highlight Porus’s tremendous qualities. Porus was brave and confident. He faught with all his might to save his kingdom. His personality overpower all. He was the real king.

Question 4.
Why does the poet says ‘Thus India’s crown was lost and won’? Explain.
Answer:
The poet glorifies India’s winning culture. Indian army faced the enemy with all bravery without caring their own self. However they were defeated. But the’confidence of King Porus made Alexander feel that he was not a coward. Alexander at last honoured king Porus and returned his kingdom with all praise.

Question 5.
What quality of Alexander is also inherent in his act of forgiveness?
Answer:
Alexander’s act of forgiveness proves that he was a man of great soul. He himself was brave and knew how to honour bravery. He was a considerate person. He realized King Poms’ greatness.

(B) Explain the following stanzas in your own words:

Question 1.
“but, Ind! thy unsuspecting sons did heedless slumber,
while the foe came in stealthy step of death.”
Answer:
These lines highlight the glorious situation and the life of the people of -Ind. It was carefree and people enjoyed heedless slumber. But in the midst of this heedless slumber, Ind was attacked by Alexander.

Question 2.
But dauntlessly there stood King Porus, towering midst the toe,
Like a Himala-peak with its eternal crown of snow.
Answer:
These lines highlight the towering personality of King Porus. He was brave. He was at all worried or fearful even among the enemies. He was full of confidence and standing like a Himalayan peak with his eternal glory.

Question 3.
Tho ‘thousands’ round him closed,
He stood-as stands the ocean rock
Amids the lashing billows
Unmoved at their fierce thundering shock.
Answer:
These lines highlight King Porus’s character. He was courageous. He was’standing like ocean rock admist the lashing billows. He was quiet and unmoved. Even in the enemies’ camp. His presence was like a fierce thundering shock for the enemies.

Question 4.
‘How should I treat thee?’ asked the mighty king of Macedon,
‘Ev’n as a king,’ replied
In royal pride, Ind’s haughty son.
Answer:
These lines highlight the confidence of King Porus who replied Alexander very bravely. When Alexander asked him how he should be treated, without being perturbed he replied; that he should be treated as a king. It shows his royal pride.

Speaking Activity

A legend is a story from ancient stories about events and people which may and may not be true A legendary figure is a person who is talked about by many people in a way which shows admiration. The poet calls the poem ‘a Legend of old’ find out other meanings of the word legend and hold a discussion in the class about the poem as a legend. Discuss the following points:

1. What is a legend?
2. Is the poem correctly titled as a legend?
3. Is it a true legend?
4. Does it describe historical facts or its poets imagination only?
Work in groups and share your points with the class in a speech form (five minutes for each group)
Answer:
Do yourself

Writing Activity

(a) What is the rhyming scheme of the poem. Working with the first stanza onwards see if the poet has maintained it throughout the poem. If there is a deviation point it out.
Answer:
There is no regular rhyme-scheme in the poem except at a few places which can’t be called a rhyme scheme.

(b) The poet says that the Tempest in the war of elements was nothing as compared to what followed the next morning compare the two stanzas and how they describe the two happenings.
Answer:
The two incidents that happeped later after the midnight tempest were the fight between the two armies Alexander’s troupe attacked the md’s kingdom. The poet describes it as a deadly scene with thundering,
roaring and dazzling. Alexander’s army defeated King Porus. Later King Porus was brought before Alexander. Porus was not at all fearful. He faced Alexander confidently. He stood there like a Himalayan peak. When Alexander asked him how he should be treated, he replied that he should be treated the a king.

(c) The third stanza describes the milk-white Elephant and Porus fighting his enemy explain the scene in your words bringing out the beauty of epithets used by the poet.
Answer:
The scene of the battlefield has been described with enough of epithets. King Porus was standing like a Himalayan peak wearing eternal crown of snow which symbolizes his grand stature and glorious personality. His mille while elephant was decorated with many brilliant gems. They were fighting bravely like angry winds. All heroic qualities have been shown in King Porus.

Thinks To Do

(A) Read the following poem by Alfred Tennyson and mark the simplicity and depth of emotions. Compare and write a critical appreciation in a paragraph. Based on the following points.
1. Central idea of the poem.
2. What qualities of war heroes are these poems trying to bring out.
3. The rhythm of the poem.
4. Rhyming schemes of the two poems.
5. Special quality of the poem.
(See textbook page 144)
Answer:

The central idea of the poem is to highlight patriotic feeling of the army. They are ready to sacrifice their life in order to save their country.
The qualities of bravery, patriotism and confidence have been brought out in the poem.
The rhythm of the poem is iambic.
The rhyme scheme of the two poems differ from each other. The poem ‘King Porus’ has no proper rhyme scheme while ‘The Charge of the Light Brigade’ has a, a, b, e pattern throughout the poem except the first stanza.
This poem arouses feeling of patriotism in us.

Explain following expressions and images In your own words.
1. ‘someone had blundered’
2. Canon to the right of them canon to the left of them
3. ‘When can their glory fade’
4. ‘Honour the light Brigade-Noble six hundred.
Answer:
Do yourself.

(B) Find other poems about war and collect them for class discussions.
For example:
(i) incident of the French Camp —R. Browning
(ii) Casabianca —Felicia Hemens
Answer:
Do yourself

A Legend of Old Summary in English

It is a historical poem which narrates the incident of battle between Alexander-the-Great and King Porus. This story is a fine illustration of Indian glory.

The story begins with the battle scene. It was mid-night hour when suddenly the army of Alexander-the-Great attack the Kingdom of Ind. There was thunder and roar all around. It was a fiery scene. The lightning flashed bright. It was dazzling like fair women’s glance from beneath her veil. There was a moaning sound of wail. In this horror the army of Ind came as a tiger, noiseless, slow. It was a ferocious battle, a deadlier storm.

The, king marched with his glorious flag and fought bravely. All his army-men were true to their devotion and fought bravely to save their freedom. It was a bloody battle. But at last the Ind’s army was over powered by Alexander’s troup. The king Porus as standing in the midst of foes like Himalayan peak with its eternal crown of snow. His milk- white elephant was looking like a brilliant gem. Porus was a real hero. Even in his defeat his face was shining dauntlessly. There was no fear on his face.

Kind Porus charged bravely with full confidence. So he was satisfied. Now he was a capture. He was to be presented before Alexander. He was chained.,Alexander was very much impressed with king’s boldness. He honoured him and asked him how he should be treated. Very confidently king Porus replied that he should be treated as a king by a king. Alexander was so much impressed with him that he allowed him freedom and returned his kingdom with all honour. Thus, the India’s crown was lost and owned.

A Legend of Old Summary in Hindi.

यह एक ऐतिहासिक कविता है जिसमें सिकंदर-महान और राजा पोरस के बीच लड़ाई की कहानी है। यह कहानी भारतीय गौरव का एक उत्कृष्ट नमूना है। कहानी की शुरुआत युद्ध के दृश्य से होती है। आधी रात के समय सिकंदर-महान की सेना अचानक ही सिन्ध प्रांत पर हमला बोल देती है। चारों ओर गर्जना फैल जाती है। यह एक ज्वालामयी दृश्य है। बिजली तेजी से चमक रही है। यह ऐसे चमकती है जैसे किसी औरत के चूंघट के अंदर से हल्की झलक दिखाई देती है। चीखने-चिल्लाने की आवाजें भी आती हैं। इस भयानक क्षण में सिंध की सेना चुपचाप धीरे-धीरे बाघ की तरह आयी। बड़ी भयानक लड़ाई थी। यह जानलेवा तूफान था।

राजा अपने गौरवशाली ध्वज के साथ आगे बढ़ा और बहादुरी के साथ लड़ा। उसके सभी सैनिक बहादुरी से अपनी पूरी निष्ठा के साथ अपनी आजादी की रक्षा के लिए लड़े। यह खूनी लड़ाई थी। लेकिन अंत में सिकंदर की सेना ने सिंध की सेना को परास्त कर दिया। राजा पोरस दुश्मनों के बीच हिमालय की चोटी की तरह एक अलौकिक बर्फीला ताज पहने हुए खड़ा था। उसका दूध के समान सफेद हाथी अद्भुत रत्न की तरह दिख रहा था। पोरस एक सच्चा नायक था। अपनी हार में भी उसका चेहरा निर्भयता से चमक रहा था। उसके चेहरे पर जरा भी भय नहीं था।

राजा पोरस पूरे आत्मविश्वास और बहादुरी से लड़ा। अब वह युद्धबंदी था। उसे सिकंदर के सामने पेश होना था। उसे कड़ियों में जकड़ा गया। सिकंदर उसके साहस से बहुत प्रभावित हआ। उसने उसका सम्मान करते हए उससे पूछा कि उसके साथ कैसा व्यवहार किया जाना चाहिए। पूरे आत्मविश्वास के साथ राजा पोरस ने उत्तर दिया कि उसके साथ वैसा ही व्यवहार होना चाहिए जैसा एक राजा दूसरे राजा के साथ करता है। सिकंदर पोरस के इस जवाब से इतना प्रभावित हुआ कि उसने सम्मान से उसे आजाद कर दिया और उसे उसका राज्य भी लौटा दिया। इस तरह भारत का ताज खोकर फिर से वापस आ गया।

A Legend of Old Word Meaning

MP Board Class 11th English A Voyage Solutions Chapter 18 King Porus - A Legend of Old 1

A Legend of Old Comprehension

Read the following stanzas carefully and answer the questions that follow:

1. Loudly the midnight tempest sang,
Ah! it was thy dirge, fair Liberty!
And clouds in thundering accents roar’d Unheeded warning from on high;
The rain in dark some torrents fell,
Hydaspes’ waves did onwards sweep,
Like fiery passio’s heandlong flow,
To meet th’awaken’d calling deep;

Questions:
(i) Name the poem and the pdet.
(ii) What is talked about in these lines?
(iii) What was the thundring accent?
(iv) What happened at the midnight hour?
(v) What is the meaning of ‘tempest’?
Answers:
(i) The poem is King Porus-A legend of Old and the poet is Michael Maahusudan Dattai
(ii) The great battle between Alexander -The Great and King Poru is talked about in these lines.
(iii) The thundering accent was the roaring sound of the battle.
(iv) The army of Alexander attacked the kingdom of Ind. ruled by the Porus at the midnight hour.
(v) tempest-storm.

2. Then lion-king, each warrior brave
Rushed on the’ coming foe,
To strike for freedom-or the grave!
Oh Death! upon thy gory altar
What blood-libations freely flow’d!
Oh Earth! on that bright mom, what, thousands
Rendered to thee the dust they ow’d!

Questions:
(i) Who is the lion king in this stanza?
(ii) How did the army face the foe?
(iii) Why did they do so?
(iv) What was the fate of Ind’s army?
(v) What is the meaning of ‘rendered’?
Answers:
(i) King Porus is the lion king in this stanza.
(ii) The army rushed on the foe bravely.
(iii) They did so in order to save their freedom and glory.
(iv) Their fate was that they met their defeat and were killed.
(v) rendered-presented something.

3. But dauntlessly there stood
King Porus, towering ‘midst the foe’
Like a Himala-peak
With its eternal crown of snow:
And on his brow did shine
The jewell’d regal diadem.

Questions:
(i) Where was King Porus standing?
(ii) What was his expression?
(iii) What was he compared with?
(iv) How was he looking?
(v) What is the meaning of ‘Jewell’d’?
Answers:
(i) King Porus was standing among the enemies’ army.
(ii) He was dauntless.
(Hi) He was compared with Himalayan peak.
(iv) He was looking grand with his shining face.
(v) JeweH’d-omamented.

4. Like to a lion chain’d
Thattho’ faint-bleeding-stands in pride
With eyes, where unsubdued
Yet flash’d the fire-looks that defied;
King Porus boldly went
Where ‘midst the gay and flittering crowd’
Sat god-like Alexander;

Questions:
(i) Who is compared with a lion chained here?
(ii) How was he looking?
(iii) How did he march on?
(iv) What does the expression ‘god-like’ signify?
(v) Give a word opposite in meaning to ‘cowardly’?
Answers:
(i) King Porus is compared with a lion chained here.
(ii) He was confident and fearless.
(iii) He marched on boldly.
(iv) It signifies the supreme authority.
(v) ‘boldly’.

MP Board Class 11th English Solutions

MP Board Class 11th English A Voyage Textbook

Waves on the Sleepless Sea Question Answer Class 11 English The Spectrum Chapter 10 MP Board

February 10, 2025February 9, 2025 by Bhagya

Class 11 English The Spectrum Chapter 10 Waves on the Sleepless Sea Questions and Answers

Waves on the Sleepless Sea Class 11th Question Answer

Word Power

A. Given below are some common phrases. Complete them with words given in the box.
नीचे कछ आम उक्तियाँ दी गई हैं। बॉक्स में दिये हुए शब्दों से इन्हें पूरा करो।
Answer:

jingling
chattering
banging
creaking
pattering
tinkling
clinking
clattering
flapping
rustling.

B. Write antonyms of the given words:
दिये हुए शब्दों के विलोमार्थी शब्द दीजिए।
Answer:

alive
sweet
love
death
never.

Comprehension

A . Answer the following questions in one or two sentences each.
इन प्रश्नों का एक या दो वाक्यों में उत्तर दीजिए।।

Question 1.
Who are the nearest relatives of nature? (2012)
प्रकृति के नजदीकी रिश्तेदार कौन है ?
Answer:
The trees and the wood are its nearest relatives.
पेड़ और जंगल उसके नजदीकी रिश्तेदार हैं।

Question 2.
Where does the heart of nature beat ? (2009, 16)
प्रकृति का हृदय कहाँ धड़कता है ?
Answer:
The heart of nature beats in rocks.
प्रकृति का हृदय चट्टानों में धड़कता है।

Question 3.
What does the flower symbolise? (2009, 15)
फूल किस चीज का प्रतीक है?
Answer:
The flower symbolises the freshness of its love.
फूल उसके प्यार की ताजगी का प्रतीक है।

Question 4.
How does the sun add to Nature’s beauty ?
सूर्य प्रकृति के सौन्दर्य को कैसे बढ़ा देता है ?
Answer:
The sun adds to its beauty by staying in the sky
सूर्य आकाश में रहकर उसके सौन्दर्य को बढ़ा देता है।

Question 5.
Why does the poet describe sea as sleepless ? (2008, 09)
कवि समुद्र को निद्राहीन क्यों बताता है ?
Answer:
The poet describes the sea as sleepless because its waves keep on rising day and night.
कवि समुद्र को निद्राहीन इसलिए बताता है क्योंकि उसकी लहरें दिन और रात उठती रहती

B. Answer the following questions in two to four sentences each.
इन प्रश्नों का दो से चार वाक्यों में उत्तर दीजिए।

Question 1.
State at least six objects through which Nature describes herself. (2008, 09, 14)
कम से कम छ; चीजें गिनाइये जिनके द्वारा प्रकृति अपना वर्णन करती है।
Answer:
Nature describes herself by trees of the wood, rocks, clay, fog, blooming flowers, running water and the waves of the sea moving up and down. These are the six things.
प्रकृति अपना वर्णन इनसे करती है जंगल के पेड़, चट्टानें, मिट्टी, कुहासा, खिले हुए फूल, बहता पानी और समुद्र की उठती-गिरती लहरों से। ये छः चीजें हैं।

Question 2.
If Nature herself is immortal, then how do countless births and deaths constitute her fabric ?
जब प्रकृति स्वयं अमर है तो असंख्य जन्म और मृत्यु उसका ताना-बाना कैसे बनाते
Answer:
Some things die and some new things are born. This process goes on endlessly. Hence there is not a moment when there is no life in nature. That is why the poet describes nature as immortal.
कुछ चीजों की मृत्यु होती है तो कुछ नयी चीजों का जन्म होता है। यह प्रक्रिया निरन्तर चलती रहती है। अत: ऐसा कोई समय नहीं होता जब प्रकृति में जीवन उपस्थिति न हो। इसीलिए ककि प्रकृति को अमर कहता है।

Waves on the Sleepless Sea Hindi Translation

देखो, देखो ! जंगल के पेड़ मेरे नजदीकी रिश्तेदार हैं।
और जो मुझमें धड़क रहा है उसी से चट्टानें जीवन्त हैं।

चिकनी मिट्टी मेरा मांस है तो कुहासा मेरी त्वचा।
मैं गोभक्षिका के प्रति उग्र हूँ तथा मधुमक्खी के प्रति मधुर।

फूल कुछ नहीं मेरे प्यार का प्रस्फुटन हैं।
बहता हुआ पानी मेरी स्वप्निल धुन है।
सूर्य आकाश स्थित मेरा फूल है।
मैं मर नहीं सकती हालांकि मृत्यु मेरे

तानेबाने में बुनी हुई है।
मै अजन्मा हूँ, हालांकि मेरी सांसों के जन्म
उतने ही अनगिनत हैं जितनी निद्राहीन समुद्र की लहरें। — स्वामी रामतीर्थ

Waves on the Sleepless Sea Summary in Hindi

कविता में माँ प्रकृति का वर्णन है। पेड़ उसके नजदीक रिश्तेदार हैं। चट्टानें उसके जीवन से परिपूरित हैं। चिकनी मिट्टी उसका शरीर है तो कुहासा वह ओढ़नी है जिसे वह ओढ़े है। उसकी प्रचण्डता गोभक्षिका में समाई है तो उसकी मधुरता मधुमक्खी में। फूल उसके प्यार के प्रतीक हैं। निरन्तर प्रवाहित जलधारा उसका स्वप्निल गीत गाती है। सूर्य उसके दैदीप्यमान सौन्दर्य का प्रतीक है। मृत्यु सदा उसके ओर रहती है किन्तु वह अमर हैं। उसे ज्ञात नहीं कि उसका जन्म कब हुआ था किन्तु उसके जीवन में वहीं निरन्तरता है जो समुद्र की लहरों में।

Waves on the Sleepless Sea Word Meanings of Difficult Words

MP Board Class 11th English The Spectrum Solutions Chapter 10 Waves on the Sleepless Sea 1

MP Board Class 11th English Solutions

The Spectrum Textbook General English Class 11th Solutions

MP Board Class 11th Special English Grammar Important Questions

February 10, 2025February 9, 2025 by Bhagya

MP Board Class 11th Special English Grammar Important Questions

I. Time and Tenses

The word ‘time’ is independent of language while ‘tense’ may be defined as the form of a verb which indicates the time relationship. Tense indicates whether the activity is past, present or future.

There are three tenses in English:
(i) Present,
(ii) Past,
(iii) Future.

Each of these three has four forms :
(a) Indefinite,
(b) Continuous,
(c) Perfect and
(d) Perfect continuous.

Question 1.
Put the verb into the correct form (present indefinite or present continuous) :
(i) Please be quiet, to concentrate. (try)
(ii) I …………….. this week. (not work) I am on a holiday.
(iii) I want to lose weight, I ……………….. anything today. (not eat)
(iv) I have a car but I ……………. it very often. (not use)
(v) Water …………… at 100 degree centigrade. (boil)
Answer :
(i) am trying,
(ii) am not working,
(iii) am not eating,
(iv) do not use,
(v) boils.

Question 2.
Read the following sentences and correct them. The English is correct but the information is wrong:
(i) The sun rises in the west.
Answer :
(i) The sun does not rise in the west.

(ii) Cats catch dogs.
Answer :
Cats do not catch dogs.

(iii) Carpenters make things from metal.
Answer :
Carpenters do not make things from metal.

(iv) The Ganga flows into the Arabian sea.
Answer :
The Ganga does not flow into the Arabian sea.

Question 3.
Put the verb into correct form (present indefinite or present continuous) :
(i) I …………. to a political party. (not, belong)
(ii) Hurry! The bus …………… (come), I ……………….to miss it. (not, want)
(iii) The river Mahanadi ……………. into the sea. (flow)
(iv) The river …………. Very fast today, much faster than usual. (flow)
(v) We usually ………………Vegetables in our garden, this year we ………….. any. (grow)
Answer :
(i) do not belong,
(ii) is coming, do not want,
(iii) flows,
(iv) is flowing,
(v) grow, are not growing.

Question 4.
Make question with the words given (use present perfect tense only):

(i) You / read / a newspaper recently?
Answer :
Have you read a newspaper recently?

(ii) You / see / Ranjan in the past few days?
Answer :
Have you seen Ranjan in the past few days?

(iii) You / play / tennis recently?
Answer :
Have you played tennis recently?

(iv) You / eat / anything today?
Answer :
Have you eaten anything today?

(v) You / see/ any good films recently?
Answer :
Have you seen any good films recently?

Question 5.
Rewrite the following sentences putting the verbs into the present perfect continuous tense :
(i) I ………….. here since 1980. (live)
(ii) The dog …………..in front of the fire since tea time. (sit)
(iii) The fire ……………….all night. (burn)
(iv) They …………….for two hours. (study)
(v) It ……………. in Jaisalmer for more than a month. (rain)
Answer :
(i) have been living,
(ii) has been sitting,
(iii) has been burning,
(iv) have been studying,
(v) has not been raining.

Question 6.
Put ‘since’ or ‘for’ in the blank space :
(i) He has been living here………………….. 1992.
(ii) have not seen her …………. three days.
(iii) She has not spoken to me ……………. as long as I can remember.
(iv) I have not spoken Hindi …………. ten years.
(v) It has not rained in Jaisalmer ………….. more than a month.
Answer :
(i) since,
(ii) for,
(iii) for,
(iv) for,
(v) for.

Question 7.
Put the verb in past continuous form:
(i) I …………. a book when Rakhi came in. (read)
(ii) The sun ………….. when we went out. (shine)
(iii) When I got up it ……………….. heavily. (rain)
(iv) We ……………… in Indore when the riots broke out. (live)
(v) When I arrived at her house she …………………… (sleep)
Answer :
(i) was reading,
(ii) was shining,
(iii) was raining,
(iv) were living,
(v) was sleeping.

Question 8.
Put the verb in correct form (past indefinite or past continuous):
(i) While Aparna. (cook) the dinner, the phone. (ring).
(ii) Anurag Led…(fall) off the ladder while he was appaint).
(iii) Last night I …………….. (head’) in bed while suddenly I ……….. (hear) a loud screamatebing.
(iv) Wlue (you watch) television when I hone. (phone) you?
(v) Rakhi has warwalt) for me when I was wentarive).
Answer :
(i) was cooking, rang,
(ii) fell, was painting,
(iii) was reading, heard,
(iv) Were you watching, phoned,
(v) was waiting, arrived.

Question 9.
Put the verb incorrect form (past perfect)
(i) Most of my friends were no longer there. They …………(leave).
(ii) The local cinema was no longer open. It has…….(close) down.
(iii) Mr. Karki was no longer alive. He ……………… (die)
(iv) I did not recognize Mrs. Karki. She ………………. (change) a lot.
(v) Ranjan no longer had his car. He ……………… (sell) it.
Answer :
(i) had left,
(ii) had closed,
(ii) had died,
(iv) had changed,
(v) had sold.

Question 10.
Read the situation and then write a sentence by using the words given in brackets :
(i) The two boys came into the house. One had a black eye and the other had a cut (they / fight)
(ii) Anurag was watching television. He was feeling very tired. (he / study / hard all day)
(iii) Rakhi woke up in the middle of the night. She was frightened and she did not know where she was. (she / dream)
(iv) Anurag and Parag came into house. They had a football and they were both tired. (they/ play / football)
(v) When she walked in the room, it was empty. But there was a smell of cigarettes. (somebody / smoke/ in the room)
Answer :
(i) They had been fighting,
(ii) He had been studying hard all day,
(iii) She had been dreaming,
(iv) They had been playing football,
(v) Somebody had been smoking in the room.

Question 11.
Put the verb in correct form (past continuous or past perfect continuous):
(i) When I arrived, Kavita………………(wait) for me. She was rather annoyed with me because I was late and she ………………… (wait) for a very long time.
(ii) Anurag was on his hands and knees on the floor. He ………………. (look) for his mathematics book.
(iii) When I arrived, everyone was sitting round the table with their mouths full. They …………… (eat).
(iv) I tried to catch Ranjan but could not. He ………………… (run) very fast.
(v) Parag was leaning against the wall, out of breath. He ……………(run).
Answer :
(i) was waiting, had been waiting,
(ii) had been looking,
(iii) had been eating,
(iv) was running,
(v) had been running.

Question 12.
Use ‘shall’ or ‘will’ in the blanks spaces to complete the Future tense :
(i) I …………………….go home in half an hour.
(ii) They ……………start for Indore day after tomorrow.
(iii) We all ……………..die one day.
(iv) I am now sixteen, so in one year’s time I ………………be seventeen.
(v) Neha ………………………ask Vikas questions.
Answer :
(i) shall,
(ii) will,
(iii) shall,
(iv) shall,
(v) will.”

Question 13.
Change the following sentences into the ‘going to form of future:
(i) Vinay will leave tomorrow for Raipur, (Imp)
(ii) Where will he stay? (M. P. 2013)
(iii) Aparna will wait for him there.
(iv) He will write letters all the afternoon.
(v) Vikas will lend him the money.
Answer :
(i) is going to leave,
(ii) is he going to stay,
(iii) is going to wait,
(iv) is going to write,
(v) is going to lend.

Question 14.
Put the verbs in brackets into the form of Future continuous tense :
(i) When you arrive I probably (do) my homework.
(ii) Neha (have) breakfast at this time tomorrow.
(iii) When you next see me I (wear) my new dress.
(iv) This time next month I (work) on my next book.
(v) You (do) mensuration next term.
Answer :
(i) I shall probably be doing my homework,
(ii) will be having,
(iii) I shall be wearing,
(iv) shall be working,
(v) will be doing.

Question 15.
(A) Put the verbs in brackets into the Future perfect tense form:
(i) In a year’s time we (take) our degree.
(ii) By tomorrow evening Aparna (finish) reading this book.
(iii) By the end of December she (be) of seventeen years.
(iv) In twenty minutes I (finish) this job.
(v) By this time next year he (save) Rs. 500.
Answer :
(i) we shall have taken,
(ii) Aparna shall have finished,
(iii) shall have been,
(iv) shall have finished,
(v) will have saved.

(B) Fill in the blanks using correct words given in the brackets :
(i) Imet ………….. European. (a, an, the)
(ii) Shina sits ……………. Leela and Radha. (with, between, among)
(iii) Rakhi refused ……………. me and money. (gave, given, to give)
(iv) There isn’t ……………. water in the drum. (some, any)
(v) She will be ill ……………. she eats too much. (if, but)
Answer :
(i) a,
(ii) between,
(iii) to give,
(iv) some,
(v) if.

(C) Do as directed :
(i) The girls serve in the shop. The girls are the owner’s daughters. (Rewrite using ‘who’ and relative’ clause)
(ii) My little son heard the noise and woke up. (Rewrite using ‘participle’ gerund)
(iii) I taught him English. (Change the voice)
(iv) My mother said to me. “I am cooking your favorite dish today.” (Change the narration)
(v) The weather is too hot to go outside. (Change into adverbial clause of reason and rewrite the sentences)
Answer :
(i) The girl who serves in the shop is the owner’s daughter.
(ii) Hearing the noise my little son woke up.
(iii) He was taught English by me.
(iv) My mother told me that she was cooking my favorable dish that day.
(v) The weather is so hot that one cannot go outside.

Conditional Tenses

I. The Form
There are two clauses in conditional sentences; as :
(a) The ‘if'(or unless) clause and
(b) The result clause.
e.g., Neha will help Kavita if she needs help.

II. The Use

The great care must be taken in choosing the verbs in a the-if clause and the ‘result clause. There are three principal types of conditional sentences in English:
(a) Future conditions are stated in present tense.

For example :
(a) What will you do if you don’t pass in the examination?
(b)Present conditions are stated in the past tense. The result clause include one of the model auxiliaries would, could or might. He would come if you waited.
(c) Past conditions are stated in the past perfect tense. The result clause includes would, could or might and is expressed in the present tense.

For example :
If Neha had studied hard she would have passed.

III. ‘If’ and ‘Unless’

Like ‘if’, ‘unless’ also introduces conditional clauses. It means “if not’. The verb forms are the same as in the ‘if ‘clauses except that negative becomes affirmative and affirmative becomes negative. Like the ‘if ‘clauses the “unless’ clauses may proceed or follow independent clauses.

For example :
Unless she goes to another college, Neha wouldn’t transfer.

Question 16.
Complete the following sentences choosing the correct verb forms:
(i) I will stay here for two years if ………………….
(ii) I will work hard next year if
(iii) I will take another English course if ………..
(iv) She would not get her college if…
(v) You can’t get right answer to the problem if.
Answer :
(i) you desire,
(ii) I do not pass the examination,
(iii) I do not get improvement in my English,
(iv) she waited for her friends,
(v) you do not exert.

Question 17.
Complete the following sentences by adding a result clause :
(i) If it rains tomorrow …….
(ii) If I were late to class ………………. .
(iii) If I had a good job ……..
(iv) If I don’t get time to rest today
(v) If I hadn’t known any English ………….
(vi) If my brother didn’t help me ……..
Answer :
(i) I will not go to office,
(ii) I would miss the lecture,
(iii) I would marry,
(iv) I shall get ill,
(v) I would have learnt it,
(vi) I would fail.

Question 18.
Supply the correct tense of the verbs in brackets :
(i) She will be ill if she (eat) too much.
(ii) If you (ring) the bell, the servant will come.
(iii) What would happen if the clouds (burst)?
(iv) If they had waited, they (find) me.
(v) The old man (be killed) if the bus hadn’t stopped quickly.
(vi) Vinay should have come yesterday if he (have) nothing to do.
(vii) I would have come sooner if I (know) that you were at home.
(viii) It would not be possible for me to finish my work if you (not stop) this nonsense.
Answer :
(i) eats,
(ii) ring,
(iii) burst,
(iv) would have found,
(v) would have been killed,
(vi) had,
(vii) had known,
(viii) do not stop.

Question 19.
Make sentences from the table below to match the clues. The clues are given in same order as the sentences to be made from the table. The first one is done for you :
1. The bus came at last (Matching sentence: We had been waiting for it for an hour.)
2. The workers decided to go on strike yesterday.
3. Mohini showed me a sweater.
4. Mr. Jain was transferred from Mumbai to Kolkata.
5. Fatima got the first rank in the examination.
Answer :
2. They had been demanding a rise in their wages.
3. She had been knitting it for two months.
4. He had been working in Mumbai for five years.
5. She had been working hard for this success.

Question 20.
Make sentences from the table ‘Bto match the sentences under ‘A’. The first one is done for you :

‘A’
1. The half yearly examination will be held in December (The class will have completed ten lessons by then).
2. Come at 8 o’clock for your dinner.
3. The fire engines will take at least half an hour to get here.
4. You can reach the railway station by ten.
5. How can you expect the tailor to give you your suit next Monday?
6. How can I hope to buy a house after retirement?
7. We nu doubt have some debts.
MP Board Class 11th Special English Grammar Important Questions 1
Answer :
2. I shall have cooked the dinner by then.
3. The five will have destroyed all the huts by then.
4. The train will not have left by that time.
5. He will not have made it by then.
6. I shall not have saved enough money for a house.
7. But we shall have paid them off by the end of the year.

II. Articles and Determiners

Nouns either occur alone (Man is mortal) or with an article (A man came to meet me). The noun can be preceded by an adjective. In such case article comes before the adjective.

e.g., He is a good man not, He is good a man.

Sometimes in place of articles we use words like my, this, each, every etc., such words are called determiners.

e.g., This is my book.

Determiners can be divided into two groups :

Group A:
a, an, the. my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their, one’s.
whose, there, these, that, those.

Group B:
some, any, no. each, every, either, neither. much, many, more, most, little, less, least. few, fewer, fewest, enough, several. all, both, half. what, whatever, which, whichever.

Some rules regarding the use of determiners :
(a) If Group ‘A’ determiners have to be used with Group ‘B’ determiners of’ should be used.

For example :
Some of the people.
Some of my friends.
Most of the time.

(b) Before of ‘none’ should used as negation.
None of my friend.
and not, No of friends.

(d) Group ‘B’ determiners can also be used alone, that is without nouns or pronouns.
e.g., Neither of them.
Most of us.

The Uses of Articles

‘A’, “an’ and ‘the’ are called articles. Articles are used before nouns. ‘A’ and ‘an’ are indefinite articles and the’ is the definite article.

I. ‘A’, ‘An’Indefinite Article
‘a’ and ‘an’ are the two forms of the same word.

Rule	Example
1. Use ‘a’ before a word which with a consonant sound. 2. Use ‘an’ before a word which begins with a vowel sound.	1. A professor, a house, a student, a book, a graduate, a European, a University. 2. An author, an honor, an egg, an undergraduate, an M. A., an M. P.

II. “The Definite Article

(i) ‘The’ is used to identify a person or thing just mentioned.
e.g., I see a boy on the road.
The boy is going to school.

(ii) “The’ is used with a singular noun which are only one of their kind.
e.g., The moon is not in the sky today.

(iii) “The’ is used with a singular noun when we speak of the whole class of that thing.
e.g., The lion is a fierceful animal.

(iv) “The’ is used with names of seas, mountains, rivers, deserts, etc..
e.g., The Atlantic.

(v) “The’ is used before the names of musical instruments.
e.g., The piano.

(vi) The’ is used before the names of languages, countries.
e.g., The Netherland,
The English language.

(vii) ‘The’ is used with superlative adjectives and adverbs.
e.g., Neha is the best student of her class.

(viii) ‘The’ is used before name of sects and political parties.
e.g., The Arya Samaj,
The Congress.

(ix) ‘The’ is used as cardinal numbers.
e.g., The third boy of the class.

(x) With the names of season ‘the’ is optional. We can say, In spring or In the spring.

Question 1.
Use ‘a’, ‘an’ or ‘the’ where necessary :
(i) Vikas thinks that this is quite …………….cheap hotel. (ii) There was …………….. knock on ……………….door. (111) …………………….small man in ……………grey suit was on …………… door. (iv) There was collision between ………………. car and ………………. scooter oni
…………… cross roads. (v) You must give him ………………food and ……………..cup of tea.
Answer :
(i) a, (ii) a, the, (iii) a, a, the, (iv) a, a, the, (v) no article, a.

Question 2.
Fill ‘some’ or ‘any’ in the blank spaces where required. Tell where both are possible :
(i) I want …………. fresh mangoes; have you …………….?
(ii) I asked him for …………. money; but he hadn’t ……….. so
(iii) Put ……… …. sugar in your coffee; the servant hasn’t put …………..
(iv) Do you have ……relatives in America?
(v) There are 1.667…….very lazy students in this class.
(vi) We do not know if there are ……….. survivors of the plane crash.(M.P. 2013)
Answer :
(i) some; any,
(ii) some; any,
(iii) some; any,
(iv) any,
(v) some,
(vi) any.

Question 3.
Use “each’ or ‘every’ in the following sentences. Note where both are possible
(i) Nearly ………………. home in Indore has television.
(ii) Not ………………… student is capable of learning Greek.
(iii) Our institute will give ……………. of you a scholarship of Rs. 200.
(iv) They seem to be repairing ………………… road in Bhopal.
(v) ………….. floor of the assembly house has its own fire extinguisher.
Answer :
(i) every,
(ii) every,
(iii) each,
(iv) every,
(v) each/every.

Question 4.
Fill in the blanks with ‘much’ and ‘many’ as required
(i) There were not ………… people present in the meeting.
(ii) Are there ………………… books available on this subject?
(iii) There is not …………… water in Ganga this year.
(iv) …………….. of what he says is wrong.
(v) How ……………. time have you been in Agra?
Answer :
(i) many,
(ii) many,
(iii) much,
(iv) much,
(v) much.

Either and Neither

Either is used before a singular noun to mean ‘one or the other.’ Neither is negative form of either and is also used before singular noun.

Question 5.
Supply ‘either’ or ‘neither :
(i) You cannot use those vegetables …………….. of them is suitable for consumption.
(ii) “When shall we meet, at 7 or at 7.30”. “I do not mind ………………… time is suitable for me.”
(iii) ………………. your mother or your father is on telephone.
(iv) I know you sent two letters. But we have received Uutis. Dul we nave received ……………. of them.
(v) I do not like ………………. of these books.
(vi) ………………. of my sons is a doctor. (M.P. 2013)
Answer :
(i) neither,
(ii) either,
(iii) either,
(iv) neither,
(v) either,
(vi) Neither.

Few and Little
Few suggest a “small number as against many’, it has a negative meaning.
e.g., We hired a large hall, but few spectators turned up.

A few suggests small number as against none, ‘The meaning more like some.’
Little means hardly any. It has a negative meaning.
e.g., He drinks little wine.

A little suggests ‘some quantity as against none.’ It has a positive meaning.
e.g.,
(i) There is little hope of his recovery.
(ii) A little grain they had was damaged by water.

Question 6.
Fill in the blanks with ‘little’ or ‘few’:
(i) ………….. precaution is necessary in handling that machine.
(ii) ………….. information he had was not reliable.
(iii) He showed …………. mercy to the vanquished.
(iv) ………….. knowledge is always dangerous.
(v) He showed …………. concern for his nephew.
(vi) ………….. persons can keep secret.
(vii) ………….. Parsees write Gujrati correctly.
(viii)…………… men are free from faults.
(ix) …………. friends he had were all poor.
(x) ………… towns in India have libraries.
Answer :
(i) Little,
(ii) The little,
(iii) little,
(iv) A little,
(v) little,
(vi) Few,
(vii) A few,
(viii) Few,
(ix) The few,
(x) Few.

III. Prepositions A preposition shows the relationship of a noun to the rest of the sentence.

Question 1.
Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with appropriate prepositions :
(i) I recognised him …………. his beard.
(ii) They were married…………………..1992.
(iii) Children don’t go to school ……………. Sundays.
(iv) Eggs are sold ………………. dozens.
(v) They received us ……………… great gusto.
(vi) I often pass ………………… this house.
(vii) We had to walk ………………..ten miles.
(viii) Let us meet …………… the railway station.
(ix) She works ……………. the office opposite the public library.
(x) He went ………….the post office and bought some stamps.
(xi) It is five minutes …………………….. five.
(xii) I paid ten rupees ………… this book.
(xiii) When do I get a train…………………. Raipur?
(xiv) Have you got a key……………………. this lock? (xv) Who gave this………………you?
Answer :
(i) by,
(ii) in,
(iii) on,
(iv) by,
(v) with,
(vi) by,
(vii) about,
(viii) at,
(ix) in,
(x) to,
(xi) to,
(xii) for,
(xiii) for,
(xiv) to,
(xv) to.

Question 2.
Fill in the blanks with preposition :
(i) Sita sits ………….. Leela and Radha.
(ii) Line A and B are parallel……….. each other.
(iii) I have eaten nothing …………. yeșterday.
(iv) What can he do …………. die?
(v) ………… his family all other relatives were also present there.
(vi) He killed two birds …………. one shot.
(vii) He will join school …………… tomorrow.
(viii)…………… being fined, he was sentenced to a term of imprisonment.
(ix) All is lost………….honour.
(x) Jaunpur is famous…………. its perfume.
(xi) The workers are protesting …………. the cut in their wages. (M.P. 2013)
Answer :
(i) between,
(ii) to,
(iii) since,
(iv) but,
(v) besides,
(vi) with,
(vii) from,
(viii) “..ides,
(ix) but,
(x) for,
(xi) for.

Question 3.
Fill in the blanks with preposition :
(i) Silkworms feed ………….. mulberry tree.
(ii) Alcohol is injurious………….. health.
(iii) Marshall Foch covered himself……………glory.
(iv) Early rising is beneficial………………health.
(v) He is too miserly to part……………. money.
(vi) A policeman rescued the child …………………. danger.
(vii) Dogs have antipathy ………….. cats.
(viii) The hotel is adjacent ………….. the station.
(ix) The bridge is …………. the river.
(x) He has no capacity …………..Sustained work.
Answer :
(i) on,
(ii) to,
(iii) with,
(iv) for,
(v) with,
(vi) from,
(vii) with,
(viii) te,
(ix) over,
(x) for

Question 4. Fill in the blanks with prepositions :
(i) What is the time ………. your watch.
(ii) Some people are very sensitive ………. criticism.
(iii) The godown is infested with… rats.
(iv) My brother is weak …….. Mathematics.
(v) The battle resulted ……. a victory.
(vi) We should all aima …… excellence.
(vii) He is dependent. ….. his parents.
(viii) He is devoid …… sense.
(ix) Silkworms feed ………….. mulberry trees.
(x) Oil is good. …. burns.
Answer :
(i) by,
(ii) to,
(iii) with,
(iv) at,
(v) in,
(vi) at,
(vii) on,
(viii) of,
(ix) on,
(x) for.

IV. Modals or Auxiliary Verb
The following are called modal verbs in English :
can, could, may, might, must, will, would, shall, should and ought.
e.g., He might know her address.

Questions and negatives are made without do.
e.g., Can you swim?

After modal auxiliary verbs the infinitive is used without to (ought, is an exception).
e.g., ‘I must remember to write to Vikas.

1. The uses of ‘can’.
“Can’ is the most important verb in English to show ability.

2. Could is used as the past tense form of ‘can’ in reported speech.

3. The use of ‘will’.
‘Will’expresses future plan, promise or agreement.

4. The use of ‘would’.
Polite request for action in the immediate or distant future, is expressed by would.

5. The uses of ‘shall’.
With first and third person, shall is used to express wishes or opinion of the person who is addressed.

6. The uses of ‘should’.
Negative opinions of advisability, past or present, are expressed by should.

7. The uses of ‘ought.
Ought is used to express desirability, moral obligation and duties. It can indicate present or future time.

8. The uses of ‘may’.
The chief use of may is for expression of permission. e.g., You may leave now.

9. The uses of ‘might’.
Might is used to indicate a future possibility if this is looked upon as remote or uncertain.

10. The uses of ‘must’.
“Must’ indicates an obligation, a necessity, which usually comes from outside.

Question 1.
Complete the following sentences using the appropriate verb form in brackets and the expressions ‘must’ or ‘cannot’:
(i) They are not serious, are they? They (joke).
(ii) It (be) Vikas. I am sure it was really Vinay who did it.
(iii) How do you think he is? He (be) in his early, forties.
(iv) How old do you think he is? He (be) more than forty at the most.
(v) I know it was true. He (lie).
(vi) He is joking. He (be) serious.
Answer :
(i) They must be joking,
(ii) It cannot be Vikas,
(iii) He must be in his early forties,
(iv) He cannot be more than forty at the most,
(v) He must have been lying,
(vi) He cannot be serious.

Question 2.
Underline modal in the following sentences :
(i) My brother will leave for Mumbai tomorrow.
(ii) She can sing beautifully.
(iii) He will report for job next Friday.
(iv) He will never tell a lie.
(v) Can I go to see Radha today?
(vi) May I take today’s leave?
(vii) I would rather have a glass of water than sharbat.
(viii) Our plans should be ready by now.
(ix) He might be late due to the trains.
(x) Could you show me the way to city town hall, please?
(xi) There must be some mistake in the planning of ship.
(xii) You need not feel sorry about it.
(xiii) You ought to go and see hiin.
(xiv) Ram used to be a very obedient child at one time.
(xv) I dare not go to Laurence house because of his big dog.
Answer :
(i) will,
(ii) can,
(iii) will,
(iv) will,
(v) Can,
(vi) May,
(vii) would,
(viii) should,
(ix) might,
(x) Could,
(xi) must,
(xii) need,
(xiii) ought,
(xiv) used to,
(xv) dare.

Question 3.
Fill in the blanks with suitable modals :
(i) You must be leaving now. I…………… meet you at the station. (Future)
(ii) He ………………. not pay unless compelled to. (Future)
(iii) You ……………… be punctual. (Duty)
(iv) He said I …………………..use his phone any time. (Permission)
(v) If you step on a snake it………………….bite you. (Prediction)
(vi) Every morning Rahim……………………say his Namaz. (Habitual activity)
(vii) You .. …………….take care of children along with there need. (Duty)
(viii) He is a good orator and …………………. keep his audience glued to their seats.
(Talent) (ix) You …………………not hide from them. (Obligation)
(x) I ………………………. rather go for a walk than by car. (Preference)
Answer :
(i) shall,
(ii) will,
(iii) must,
(iv) may,
(v) may,
(vi) use to,
(vii) must,
(viii) should,
(ix) must,
(x) may.

V. Non-finite

I. Infinitive
The infinitive is the basic form of verb. It is uninflected, i.e., it has no-ing or s or -ed forms that indicate a verb’s grammatical functions. It simply conveys the idea of the action of the verb without limitations of a person, number or mood.

Question 1.
Complete the following sentences with a suitable verb:
(i) Rakhi refused. ……….. me any money.
(ii) Vikas has decided not ………………… a car.
(iii) The thief entered the house because I forget. ………… the window.
(iv) Do not forget ……………….. the letter I gave you.
(V) He joined school to learn ……………… a car.
Answer :
(i) to give,
(ii) to purchase,
(iii) to close,
(iv) to post,
(v) to drive.

Question 2.
Complete the following sentences with a to -infinitive :
(i) Not many people can afford.
(ii) I would like to learn …………….
(iii) One day I hope …………….
(iv) I would not dare ………………
(v) Sometimes I tend ………………..
Answer :
(i) to buy a car,
(ii) to drive a car,
(iii) to be a teacher,
(iv) to challenge him,
(v) to envy you.

Question 3.
Underline infinite verb in the following sentences or convert it into gerund:
(i) They always find fault with me.
(ii) He wants to buy a new house.
(iii) Order him to go there.
(iv) You need not do it.
(v) l.found him look for a house.
(vi) Shekhar by experience he was ill.
(vii) I heard his name called twice.
Answer :
Underline the words,
(i) find,
(ii) buy,
(iii) go,
(iv) do,
(v) look,
(vi) experience,
(vii) call.

II. Gerund

Gerunds are non-finite verb forms ending in -ing which function as noun. The follow ing are the functions of a gerund :
(a) As the subject of a verb : Smoking is injurious to health Seeing is believing.

(b) As the object of transitive verb:
Rakhi likes seeing pictures.
Neha likes talking to her friends.

(c) As the object of a preposition :
Kavita is fond of reading novels.
I am interested in enjoying the singing of the bird.

(d) As a complement of the verb :
Seeing is believing.
What is harmful in smoking?

Here are some rules for the use of gerunds :
(a) Whenever a verb is used after a preposition or a phrasal verb the gerund form is used:
Neha is good at playing badminton.
Neha is good at to play tennis.
Vikas is thinking of taking a new course.
She insisted on seeing her.
He was accused of smuggling.

(b) Some expressions ending in ‘to’ take gerund form:
We looked forward to working with him.
They are used to playing bridge.

(c) Some transitive verbs, which take noun objects, also take gerunds as subjects :
She avoided meeting her mother.
Anurag hates writing homework.

(d) Gerunds are required after the following commonly used verbs :
Admire, admit, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, await, comment, upon, complete, can’t help, count on, depend on, deplore, disapprove of, discuss, dispense with, encourage, en dorse, enjoy, escape from, evaluate, examine, finish, give up, go on, guard against, inquire into, joke about, justify, long for, neglect, postpone, react against, reflect on, think about, succeed in, wonder about.

(e) The following verbs are commonly followed by the infinitive and not the gerund:
Aim, agree, appear, arrange, aspire, beg, care, choose, consent, decide, expect, fail, learn, look, manage, mean, need, plot, promise, prepare, refuse, resolve, seem, struggle, undertake, wait, wish, yearn.

He decided to become a doctor.
(not, He decided becoming a doctor.)

(f) While referring to a past action gerund can be used :
He accepted having left without permission.
His having left the job without permission went against him.

Question 4.
Underline gerund in the following sentences :
e.g., He is fond of swimming.

(i) Making plan is in hand.
(ii) Hunting tiger is a favourite sports of man.
(iii) Children love making mud castles.
(iv) He rushed into the field and foremost fighting fell.
(v) He wears a worried look.
Answer :
Underline the words :
(i) blinded,
(ii) misspent,
(iii) creaking,
(iv) fighting,
(v) worried.

Question 7.
Combine the sentences by using participles :
(i) Spring advancing. The swallows appear.
Answer :
When spring advances the swallows appear.

(ii) Being a very hot day. I remained in my tent.
Answer :
It being a very hot day I remained in my tent.

(iii) Entering the room. The light was quite dazzling.
Answer :
Entering the room I found the light quite dazzling.

(iv) The porter opened the gate. We entered.
Answer :
When the porter opened the gate we entered.

(v) We started early. We arrived at noon.
Answer :
As we had started early we arrived at noon.

(vi) Having done his lesson he went out to play.
Answer :
After doing his lesson he went out to play.

(vii) He hurts his foot. He stopped walking.
Answer :
Hurting his foot he stopped walking.

(viii) He felt tired. He stopped his work.
Answer :
Feeling tired he stopped his work.

(ix) He had done his lesson. He went out to play. (M.P. 2013)
Answer :
Having done his lesson, he went out to play.

MP Board Class 11th Special English Important Questions

The Model Millionaire Question Answer Class 11 English A Voyage Chapter 11 MP Board

February 10, 2025February 9, 2025 by Bhagya

Class 11 English A Voyage Chapter 11 The Model Millionaire Questions and Answers

The Model Millionaire Class 11th Question Answer

Word Power

1. The word ‘dignity’ has been picked: up from the story and a word pyramid for the word has been construct as given below:
MP Board Class 11th English A Voyage Solutions Chapter 11 The Model Millionaire 1
Answer:

II. Complete the table by explaining the phrasal verbs from the story:

Phrasal Verb	Explanation
Burst into	to start producing something suddenly with great force
Care for	to look after something who is sick; very old, etc.
Crop in
Go about	to go around
Take up	to continue, especially starting after b/sth else has finished
Look up	(of business, sb’s situation, etc) to become better
See about	to attend to
Show up	to make or to be clearly visible, to reveal a fault
Sink into	to go gradually into a less active or pleasant state.
On account of	because of
Hold out	to put something in Land.

Comprehension

A. Complete the given flow chart with the proper sequence of events that take place in the story from the sentences given below:
1. Laura scolded him for his recklessness.
2. Alan Trevor was the best man at their wedding.
3. Hughie Erskine had tried every profession but ultimately he had to give up.
4. The Baron gave him ten thousand pounds as a wedding gift.
5. Taking pity on him, he gave the beggar the one pound he had in his pocket.
6. The Baron called Hughie a model millionaire.
7. He visited Alan’s studio and found him busy painting a portrait of beggar.
8. When Hughie found out the truth about the beggar, he felt very unhappy while Alan laughed at him.
9. He was in love with Laura Merton but he could not marry her because her father wanted him to earn ten thousand pounds.
10. The beggar was, in fact, Baron Hausberg, who was one of the richest men in the country.
Ans.
3. Hughie Erskine had tried every profession but ultimately he had to give up.
9. He was in love with Laura Merton but he could not marry her because her father wanted him to earn ten thousand pounds.
7. He visited Alan’s studio and found him busy painting a portrait of beggar,
5. Taking pity on him, he gave the beggar the one pound he had in
his pocket.
1. Laura scolded him for his recklessness. ,
10. The beggar was, in fact, Baron Hausberg, who was one of the richest men in the country.
8. When Hughie found out the truth about the beggar, he felt very unhappy while Alan laughed at him.
4. The Baron gave him ten thousand pounds as a wedding gift.
2. Alan Trevor was the best man at their wedding.
6. The Baron called Hughie a model millionaire.

B. Choose the correct alternative:

Question 1.
Which of the following is not a characteristic of Hughie Erskine’s face?
(a) good looks
(b) brown hairs
(c) grey eyes
(d) large ears.
Answer:
(d) large ears.

Question 2.
Which of the following works Hughie Erskine did not try to earn his living from?
(a) work as a professional jester.
(b)work at the stock exchange.
(c) work as a wine merchant
(d) work as a tea merchant.
Answer:
(a) work as a professional jester.

Question 3.
Which of the following is not an attribute of Trevor’s face?
(a) puckered face.
(b) blue eyes.
(c) rugged beard
(d) rough exterior
Answer:
(b) blue eyes.

Question 4.
Where was the beggar-man placed in the study of Alan Trevor when he was being painted?
(a) on a carpet.
(b) on a chair.
(c) in the comer.
(d) on the floor.
Answer:
(c) in the comer.

Question 5.
What was Hughie doing when Baron Hausberg’s messenger came to him with a letter?
(a) having lunch
(b) having a nap
(c) having dinner
(d) having breakfast
Answer:
(d) having breakfast

Question 6.
Who scolded Hughie for giving a sovereign to a beggar?
(a) Trevor
(b) Col. Merton
(c) Laura
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(c) Laura

C. Write answers to the following questions in two or three sentences:

Question 1.
Hughie Erskine remained poor. Why profession he adopted but could not succeed?
Answer:
Hughie Erskine was unemployed. He attempted all sorts of jobs. First he tried Stock Exchange for six months, then as tea-merchant for a little longer and then he attempted selling dry sherry.

Question 2.
Describe the appearance of the beggar-man as he stood in the studio of Alan Trevor?
Answer:
The beggar-man was standing on a raised platform in a comer of the room. He was a wizened old man. His face was like wrinkled parchment. He had the most piteous exposition.

Question 3.
Describe how and through whom Hughie got ten thousand pounds.
Answer:
In Trevor’s studio Hughie was very much sympathised with the old beggar and gave him the only sovereign he had in his pocket. The beggar was really Baron Hausberg, one of the richest men of Europe. Baron invested the sovereign of Hughie which earned an interest per month. Thus it could earn ten thousand pound which Baron presented to Hughie as his wedding gift.

D. Pick the sentences from the text which suggest the following:

Question 1.
Hughie’s father was a soldier.
Answer:
His father bequeathed him his cavalry sword, and a ‘History of the Peninsular War’ in fifteen volumes.

Question 2.
Hughie was allowed to come to Trevor’s studio whenever he liked?
Answer:
he liked him quite as much for his bright buoyant spirits and his generous reckless nature, and had given him the permanent entree to his studio.

Question 3.
Hausberg would invest Hughie’s sovereign in business?
Answer:
He’ll invest your sovereign for you, Hughie, pay you the interest every six months and have a capital story to tell after dinner.

Question 4.
Baron Hausberg was an ideal rich man?
Answer:
Despite being a rich man Baron was never haughty. He helped the needy. He did not show off. He was a simple and kind hearted man.

E. Write answers to the following questions in about 150-200 words each:

Question 1.
Write a character-sketch of Baron Hausberg highlighting
(a) his fortune as describe by Trevor
(b) his desire to be painted as a beggar
(c) his conduct as a model for a painter
(d) his compassion and help for Hughie Erskine
Answer:
Baran Hausberg is a very important character in the story ‘The Model Millionaire’. He is one of the richest person of Europe. He has the capacity to buy the whole of London without overdrawing his bank account. The greatness of his character lies in the fact that he is very much humble. He is a great friend of Trevor. He buys all the paintings of Trevor and gives him commission as advance. He does so to cooperate his friend.

Once Baron wishes to get himself as a beggar in rags. He asked Trevor to do so and pays the commission as advance a month ago. For this he wears the painters rags. He pays full attention and follows all instructions of the painter while being portrayed.

Despite being a millionaire he is in no way proud. When Hughie pities him and gives a sovereign to him as his token help thinking him to be a poor beggar he accepts it with all his nobility. After Hughie leaves the painter’s studio, Baron gets all personal details about Hughie and plans to repay his sovereign with great interest. He is sympathized with Hughie. He feels all compassion for him.

After a few days he sends his messenger to Hughie with a sealed envelop. On the envelop it is written, ‘A wedding present to Hughie Erskine and Laura Merton from a beggar’. Inside the envelop there is a cheque for ten thousand pound. It shows his greatness and generosity.

Question 2.
Write a character-sketch of Hughie Erskine highlighting
(a) his appearance
(b) his professional and monetary conditions
(c) his attitude to money
(d) his love for Laura
(e) his good luck
Answer:
Hughie Erskine is the central character in the story ‘The Model Millionaire’. He is wonderfully good-looking. He has crisp browft hair, clear-cut profile and grey eyes. He is equally popular among men and women.

Hughie has every accomplishment except that of making money. He has inherited a cavalry sword and a ‘History of the Peninsular War’ in fifteen volumes. He lives on two hundred a year which his old aunt has allowed. He has tried everything from Stock Exchange to tea-merchant and selling sherry. Ultimately he has no job. He,is a delightful, ineffectual young man with a perfect profile and no profession. Still he does not care for money.

The tragedy of his life becomes more intense when he falls in love with Laura Merton who is the daughter of a retired colonel. Laura also adores him and her father is also very’ fond of him. But he has a condition for allowing him to marry. He has asked Hughie to bring the thousand pound of his own. Only after that he would allow him to marry Laura.

Hughie’s luck takes a mysterious turn when he meets an.old beggar as model in the studio of his friend Alan Trevor who is a painter. The beggar is in his rags and looks pitious. Hughie offers him the only sovereign which he has in his pocket. Actually the beggar is not a beggar. He is one of the richest man of Europe. He is impressed with and thinks to repay his genersoijy. So he collects all information about Hughie from Trevor. He feels compassion for him. After a few day s he sends an envelop with a cheque for ten thousand pound as a wadding present to Hughie. Hughie gets married to Laura.

Question 3.
Imagining yourself to be Baron Hausberg, relate the story in the first person as a personal experience. Begin ‘I am Baron Hausberg ‘
Answer:
I am Baron Hausberg. I am counted as one of the richest men of Europe. A have-amassed a lot and have the capacity to purchase the city of London without overdrawing my account. But I am well aware of the reahties of life. Hence I feel compassion for those who fail to achieve. I have a painter friend Alan Trevor. Once I asked him to make my portrait as an old beggar in rags.

I offered him commission one month advance. He agreed. When I was being portrayed, a friend of Trevor came in the studio. He was a nice looking gentleman with kind heart. He was very much sympathized to see me. In fact he thought that I w;as really a poor, wretched beggar. He wanted to help me. He searched in his pocket. He had a sovereign there. But he didn’t hesitate even to give it me. I felt he was really a large hearted man without any source to cooperate others.

I was very much impressed with him. Later this feeling doubled when I knew the reality of his from Trevor. I thought to repay him more than he spent for me as a reward for greatness, I invested his sovereign which earned interest. After a few days I presented a cheque for ten thousand pounds as a wedding gift from my side. He got married. He was very happy. Good work must be rewarded.

F. Briefly explain the following statements from the text:

1. Romance is the privilege of the rich, not the profession of the unemployed.
2. It is better to have a permanent income than to be fascinating.
3. I assure you that there are moments when Art almost attains the dignity of manual labour.
4. He could buy all London tomorrow without overdrawing his account.
5. Millionaires are rare enough, but model millionaires are rare still.
Answer:
1. Through this line the writer presents the reality of life. Rich
man is capable of providing all comforts and privileges of life to his beloved. So, romance comes in his life automatically. But an unemployed person can never do so. He has to seek a job first. Only then he would get recognition.’It is clearly highlighted in the story.

2. Through this line the writer suggests that one cannot live in fascination. Life has some requirements which we have to fulfill. For this purpose one need to have a permanent and regular income. Otherwise he cannot live a comfortable life.

3. In this line Trevor, a painter, signifies human involvement in the work of art. He says that almost every’ time manual labour counts most and proves to be dignified.

4. This line highlights the character of Baron Hausberg. He is one of the richest men in Europe. He has the capacity to buy the city of London without overdrawing his account. Still he is very noble.

5. This line highlights the rare quality’ of Baron. Trevor, while speaking on the occasion of wedding breakfast tells that millionaires are very rare but still rarer are those who can become a model.

Speaking Activity

Work in pairs. You are a reporter from a News Channel in English. Your partner is a poor person who has won a one-crore lottery, Interview your partner. Then change roles. You can use the following clues for the interview:
This is …from…News reporting live from ………. With Mr./Ms ……….Who has become a multi-millionnaire overnight? Mr. /Ms……….. would you like to tell our viewers about how you came about to purchase the ticket……….So, you say you did not purchase it on the pavement? How lucky you are………. What were your thoughts when ………. How do you plan ……….
Answer:
This is Rakesh Awasthi from India Star News reporting from Panipat: I am sitting with Mr. Anup Gulati who has suddenly turned to be multi millionaire overnight. Mr. Gulati would you like to tell our ewers about how you came about to purchase the ticket?

Mr. Gulati : Actually I never intended to purchase a lottery ticket,
Myself : Then how did you get it.
Mr. Gulati : One of my well-wishers gave to me as a gift.
Myself : How lucky you are! Someone has gifted you his luck What do you feel?
Mr. Gulati : A feel delighted and thank him a lot.
Myself : What were your thoughts when you got the news of your lottery
Mr. Gulati : It is amazing. I have lived in a wretehed condition along with my wife. I didn’t belie It “as really a wonder of God.
Myself : How do you plan to spend your money?
Mr. Gulati : I think to spend money wisely. Problems arc a lot. I have my own needs. But before that I think to devote a considerable amount to an orphanage and an old age homes. Then I will do for myself
Myself : Thanks a lot to you for your great ideas. So, viewers, you sec Mr, Gulati has a great soul, I wish all the best for his future.

Writing Activity

I. Write a letter to your friend congratulating him on being selected for famous TV Quiz show. Give him tips on how to prepare for the quiz, how to overcome nervousness on facing the camera, and how to react on winning.
Answer:

639, Aakashdeep Enclave
Preet Vihar
Delhi 110092
5 July 2007

My dear Anubhav,
Thank you very much for your letter. I was delighted to know that you have been selected for famous TV Quiz show, I hope you would do good. Remember, it is a rare occasion, You should de wisely, Never loose your confidence. Prepare well. Some current topics must be at your tips. Don’t forget to remember some mystical points. Don’t get nervous. Be quick in your approach. Don’t think much on questions which confuse you. Time counts most. I am confident you will not miss.
With all my best wishes.

Yours
Alok

II. Hughie was wonderfully good looking ………..
What other characteristics of Hughie have been described in the story? Pick out the describing words and attribute them to Hughie, Alan and Baron: Magnificent, wealthy, forlorn, model, charming, real master, duffer, wizened old man, clear-cut profile, unlucky devil, miserable, unemployed, grey eyes, popular, delightful, rough fellow, freckled face, reckless, piteous,

S. No	Character	Describing words
1.	Hughie Erskine
2.	Alan Trevor
3.	Baron Hausberg

Answer:

Hughie Erskine – forlorn, charming, duffer, clear-cut profile, unlucky devil, miserable, unemployed, grey eyes, popular, reckless, piteous,
Alan Trevor – rough fellow, freckled face, real master.
Baron Hausberg -magnificent, wealthy, model, wizened old man, delightful.

Think it Over

A. Imagine yourself to be a millionnaire. Complete the following chart with things you would buy, places you would visit, people you would like to help and other things you would like to do.
Answer:
MP Board Class 11th English A Voyage Solutions Chapter 11 The Model Millionaire 6

B. Freedom fighter who laid down her life for her country,
She is known for her work as a missionary,
The lady known for her space expedition,
She was a messiah for the poor and the destitutes,
She lost her life on her way back to earth.
Classical singer of 20th century.
First lady to climb Mt. Everest,
A great exponent of classical music.
Answer:

1. Kalpna Chawla

The lady known for her space expedition
She lost her life on her way back to earth.

2. Mother Teresa

She is known for her work as a missionary.
She was a messiah for the poor and the destitutes

3. Bachendn Pal

First lady to climb Mt. Everest.

4. M.S. Subbalaxmi

Classical singer of 20th century.
A great exponent of classical music

5. Maharani Laxmi Bai:

Freedom fighter who laid down her life for her country

Question 2.
Write two sentences about any two of these to bring out their special endowments:
1. Sportsperson.
2. An artist /dancer/singer/painter .
Answer:

Sportsperson arc the glory of nation. They are our true recognition of a nation.
An artist is the replica of God. He enjoys true life and bliss of God

Let’s play the letters, Take a word ‘Lives’ on arranging the letters of this word get ‘Elvis’ which is called an anagram. An ANAGRAM is a word or a phrase that is made by arranging the letters of another word or phrase.

1. Dormitory – Dirty room
2. Microwave – Warm voice
3. Debit card – Bad Credit

A. Now think anagrous for the words given below:
1. Heavy rain …………..
2. Schoolmaster …………..
3. Mother-in-law …………..
4. Eleven plus two …………..
5. The country side …………..
6. Funeral …………..
7. The Morse Code …………..
8. The Eyes …………..
10. Volley ball …………..

We use a string of adjectives beginning with the first letter of the
name when writing cards.

For example
A- admirable
M- modest
R- radiant
I- intelligent
T- talented

Construct similar string of adjectives for your name, your father’s main’ your mother’s name, your friends name and name of the person you don like- Remember; there must be some truth about the qualities; the person possesses that you mention.
Answer:

Gandhi
T- Talented
G- Generous
A- Able
N- Nationalist
D- Devoted/dedicated
H- Honest
I- Ideal

The Model Millionaire Summary in English

This story by Oscar Wilde was written in the age when there was a big gap between the privileged and the deprived. It tells us how a poor yet fine young man gets the recognition he deserved.
The story begins with the writer’s witty remarks. He feels that it is of no use of being a charming fellow if one is not wealthy. Romance is not mend for the poor or unemployed. The poor needs to be practical and ordinary. It is essential for one to have a permanent income.

One cannot live with fascination Hughie Erskine. the main character in the story, had never realized such realities of modem life. He was really handsome person equally popular among men and women. His father had bequeathed in his cavalry sword and a ‘History of the Peninsular War’ in 15 volumes. Hughie tried a number of options but never succeeded. Finally he had no profession. The matter became worse with his love for Laura Merton, the daughter of a retired colonel. They were a wonderful pair but the colonel despite his liking for Hughie never approved their engagement. He told Hughie first to have ten thousand pound of his own and then colonel would think for his prospect of marriage.

One day while on his way to Holland Park he happened to meet with his great friend Alan Trevor, a painter by profession. The painter was very much fascinated to Hughie. Hughie had been allowed into the studio. When he entered the studio he found that Trevor was giving the final touches to a wonderful life-size picture of a beggar man. The beggar man himself was standing on a raised platform in a comer of the studio. He was wizened old man with a wrinkled face and tedious look.

A coarse brown cloak was falling from his shoulders and his shoes were patched and cobbled. Hughie was amazed to see such a wonderful model. Trevor told him that the beggar gets a skilling per hour for his job. But he himself gets two thousand pounds for his portrait. Hughie wanted to know whether the model got any share in the earning of the painter. The painter refused giving the plea that he took pains and materials for the work.

A frame maker came to the painter’s studio for some business dealings. In the meantime the beggar took the relaxation. Hughie was very much sympathise to see the wretched beggar and gave him a sovereign that he had in his pocket. After that he went to meet with his beloved Laura. He told her what he did. Laura scolded him for his extravagancy.

The next day Hughie again went to the painter friend. He asked him about the portrait of the beggar which was now complete. Hughie showed his concern and sympathy for the beggar. He also said that he wanted to donate his old suits to the beggar. Trevor burst into laughter. Hughie was amazed. He told him that the beggar needed it most. He also told him that he gave his only sovereign to the beggar, The painter then told Hughie that the beggar was Baron Hausberg, the richest man of Europe and had the capacity to buy the whole of the city’ of London without overdrawing his account.

He had offered a huge amount to the painter for making his portrait as a beggar. The tattered dress that he was wearing belonged to the painter. Anyway the painter now realized why the Baron was so much interested in the life of Hughie. However, the painter had told everything about Hughie to Baron-the beggar model-everything about Hughie’s love and ten thousand pound hurdle in his marriage. Hughie was amazed at all this and said that he was be fooled by himself. The painter assured him that his sovereign would do wonder and he may get it with all interest.

Hughie came back home and slept which he thought to get over his sense of foolishness. Next morning when he was having his breakfast a messenger from Baron came. He was an old gentleman with golden spectacles. He very respectfully handed over a beautifully sealed envelop to Hughie on which it was written ‘A wedding present to Hughie Erskine and Laura Merton, from an old beggar.” When Hughie opened it he found a cheque ft: ten thousand pound. Hughie married Laura and arranged a wedding breakfast. On the occasion Alan Trevor was the best-man and Baron made a speech. Alan made a very high remark, “Millionaire models are rare enough but model millionaires are rarer still.

The Model Millionaire Summary in Hindi

Oscar Wilde की यह कहानी उस युग में लिखी गई जब सुविधा संपन्न एवं – सुविधाहीन लोगों के बीच बड़ी दरार थी। यही कहानी हमें बताती है कि कैसे एक गरीब परन्तु अच्छा युवा पहचान पाता है जिसका वह हकदार था। कहानी की शुरुआत लेखक की पैनी टिप्पणी से होती है। वे सोचता है कि सुन्दर होने का कोई अर्थ नहीं रह जाता यदि कोई धनी नहीं है तो। प्रेम गरीबों और बेरोजगारों के लिए नहीं बना है। गरीबों को व्यवहारिक और सामान्य होना चाहिए। किसी के लिए भी एक नियमित आय होना आवश्यक है। कोई भी कल्पना के साथ नहीं जी सकता। Hughie Erskine, कहानी का प्रमुख चरित्र, ने कभी आधुनिक जीवन की सच्चाईयों को महसूस नहीं किया।

वह वास्तक में संजीदा व्यक्ति था और सभी पुरुषों और नारियों के बीच लोकप्रिय था। उसके पिता ने विरासत में उसके लिए एक फौजी तलवार और 15 भागों का History of Peniusular war छोड़ गया था। Hughie ने कई व्यवसायों में प्रयास किया परन्तु कभी सफल नहीं हुआ। अंतत: वह बेरोजगार ही रहा। बात और बिगड़ गई कि वह Laura Merton के प्यार में पड़ गया जो एक रिटायर्ड कर्नल की बेटी थी। वे एक अच्छे जोड़े थे परन्तु कर्नल उसके प्रति अपनी अच्छी भावनाओं के बावजूद उनके रिश्ते के लिए तैयार नहीं था। उसने Hughie से कहा कि पहले वह दस हजार पाउण्ड अपनी कमाई का लाकर उसे वे फिर कर्नल उसकी शादी पर विचार करेगा।

एक दिन हालैण्ड पार्क जाते समय रास्ते में वह अपने करीबी मित्र Alan Trevor, जो पेशे से एक चित्रकार था, से मिला। चित्रकार Hughie से बहुत प्रभावित था। Hughie स्टूडियों में आया। जब वह स्टुडियो के अंदर आया तो उसने देखा कि Trevor एक भिखारी के अद्भुत आदमकद तस्वीर को पूरा कर रहा था। भिखारी स्टुडियों के एक कोने में बने चबुतरे पर खड़ा था। वह गंभीर अनुभवी बुढा था, जिसके चेहरे पर झुर्रियां पडी थीं और देखने में सख्त था। एक रूखड़ा भूरे रंग का लबादा उसके कंधे से लटक रहा था और उसके जूतों पर धब्बे थे और वे मरम्मत किए हुए थे। Hughie ऐसे विचित्र मॉडल को देखकर चकित था। Trevor ने उसे बताया कि भिखाड़ी को इस काम के लिए प्रति घंटे एक सिलिंग, मिलता है। लेकिन वह खुद ऐसे चित्रों के लिए दो हजार पौंड कमाता है। Hughie ने जानना चाहा कि इस कमाई का कोई हिस्सा क्या भिखारी को भी मिलता है? चित्रकार ने इंकार करते हुए कहा कि वह स्वयं इसके लिए परेशानी उठाता है और उसमें साजो सामान पर खर्च करता है।

एक फ्रेम बनाने वाला कुछ पेशे संबंधी बातें करने के लिए चित्रकार के स्टुडियो में आया। इस बीच भिखारी आराम करने लगा। Hughie उस गरीब भिखाड़ी को देखकर सहानुभूति से भर आया और उसने अपनी जेब से एकमात्र बचा हुआ सिक्का उसे दे दिया। उसके बाद वह अपनी प्रेमिका Laura से मिलने चला गया। उसने Laura को वे सारी बातें बताई जो उसने किया था। Laura ने उसे उसकी फिजूलखर्ची के लिए फटकार लगाई।

अगले दिन Hughie फिर से चित्रकार मित्र के पास गया। उसने उससे उस भिखारी की तस्वीर के बारे में पूछा जो अब पूरी हो चुकी थी। Hughie ने भिखारी के प्रति अपनी रूचि और सहानुभूति जताई। उसने चित्रकार मित्र से यह भी कहा कि वह उसे अपने कुछ पुराने कपड़े देना चाहता था। Trevor जोरों से हँस पड़ा। Hughie चकित रह गया। उसने उसे बताया कि भिखारी को उसकी सख्त जरूरत थी। उसने उसे यह भी बताया कि उसने भिखारी को एकमात्र सिक्का दे दिया था। तब चित्रकार ने Hughie बताया कि भिखारी यूरोप का सबसे धनी आदमी Baro Hausberg था जिससे यह क्षमता थी कि बिना अपने बैंक खाते को खाली किए वह पूरे लंदन शहर को खरीद ले। उसने चित्रकार को भिखारी के रूप

में अपनी तस्वीर बनाने के लिए मोटी रकम दी थी। उसके फटे-चिथड़े कपड़े जो वह पहन रखा था, चित्रकार के थे। अब चित्रकार की समझ में आया कि Baron Huglue के जीवन में इतनी रुचि क्यों ले रहा था। चित्रकार ने Hughie के बारे में Baron, जो भिखारी मॉडल था, को सबकुछ Hughie के Laura से प्यार और उसकी शादी में दस हजार पाउण्ड की रूकावट के बारे में बता दिया। Hughie बिल्कुल चकित था। उसने कहा कि वह स्वयं बेवकूफ बन गया। चित्रकार ने उसे आश्वस्त किया कि उसका सिक्का चमत्कार करेगा और वह ब्याज सहित उसे वापस पाएगा।

Hughie घर आकर सो गया जो उसे अपनी बेवकूफी को भूलाने के लिए सबसे अच्छा उपाय था। अगली सुबह जब वह नाश्ता कर करा था तो Baron का एक संदेशवाहक आया। वह एक बूढ़ा भद्र पुरुष था जो सुनहला चश्मा लगाए हुए था। उसने आदरसहित Hughic को एक बंद लिफाफा भेंट किया जिसपर लिखा था-‘एक भिखारी की ओर से Hughie और Laura के लिए वैवाहिक उपहार’। जब Hughie ने इसे खोला, उसमें उसे दस हजार पाउण्ड का एक चेक मिला। Hughie और Laura की शादी हो गई जिसके उपरांत एक वैवाहिक भोज का आयोजन हुआ। इस अवसर पर Alan Trevor विशिष्ट अतिथि था। Baron ने भी भाषण दिया। Alan ने एक बहुत ऊँचा विचार रखा-करोड़पति मॉडलस दुर्लभ होते हैं। परन्तु उनसे भी दुर्लभ होते हैं मॉडल करोड़पति।

The Model Millionaire Word Meaning

MP Board Class 11th English A Voyage Solutions Chapter 11 The Model Millionaire 7

The Model Millionaire Comprehension

Read the following passages carefully and answer the questions that follow:

1. One morning, as he was on his way to Holland Park, where the Mertons lived, he dropped in to see a great friend of his, Alan Trevor. Trevor was a painter. He was a strange rough fellow, with a frickled face and a red ragged beard. However, when he took up the brush he was real master, and his pictures were eagerly sought after. He had been very much attracted by Hughie at first on account of his personal charm. However, after he got to know Hughie better, he liked him quite as much for his bright buoyant spirits and his generous reckless nature, and had given him the permanent entree to his studio.

Questions:
(i) Who was on the way to Holland Park?
(it) Who lived at Holland Park?
(iii) Whom did he meet on his way?
(iv) What was the profession of his friend?
(v) Why was his friend attracted to Hughie?
Answers:
(i) Hughie was on the way to Holland Park.
(ii) The Mertons lived at Holland Park.
(iii) He met with Alan Trevor, his great friend, on his way.
(iv) His friend’s profession was painting.
(v) His friend was attracted to Hughie for his personal charm.

2. The old beggar-man took advantage of Trevor’s absence to rest for a moment on a wooden bench that was behind him. He looked so forlorn and wretched that Hughie could not help pitying him and felt in his pocket to see what money he had. All he could find was a sovereign and some coppers. ‘Poor old fellow,’ he thought to himself, he wants it more than I do,’ and he walked across the studio and slipped the sovereign into the beggar’s hand.

Questions:
(i) What advantage did the old beggar man take in Trevor’s absence?
(ii) How did he look?
(iii) What did Hughie feel about him?
(iv) How did Hughie help the beggar man?
Answers:
(i) The old beggar man relaxed himself for a moment resting on a wooden bench.
(ii) He looked forlorn and wretched.
(iii) Hughie felt pity for him.
(iv) Hughie gave the only sovereign to the beggar man.

3. ‘What I say,’ said Trevor. ‘The old man you saw today in the studio was Baron Hausberg. He is a great friend of mine, buys all my pictures and gave me a commission a month ago to paint him as a beggar. And I must say he made a magnificent figure in his rags, or perhaps I should say in my rays they are old suit I got in Spain’.

Questions:
(i) What amazing fact did Trevor reveal to Hughie?
(ii) What did Baron offer to Trevor for painting him as a beggar?
(iii) Whose rags did Baron wear while being portrayed?
(iv) Give a word from the passage similar in meaning to ‘excellent’?
Answers:
(i) Trevor revealed the old beggar man was Baron Hausberg.
(ii) Baron offered a commission, a month ago for being portrayed.
(iii) Baron wore the painter’s rags while being portrayed.
(iv) ‘magnificent’.

4. ‘The Baron,’ said the old gentleman, with a smile, ‘has commissioned me to bring you this letter,’ and he extended a sealed envelop. On the outside was written, ‘ A wedding present to Hugh Erskine and Laura Merton, from an old beggar, ’ and inside was a cheque for ten thousand pounds. When they were married Alan Trevor was the best-man and the Baron made a speech at the wedding-breakfast. ‘Millionnaire models,’ remarked Alan, ‘are rare enough but model millionnaires are rarer still.’

Questions:
(i) Who had sent the messenger?
(ii) What did the messenger bring?
(iii) What was written on it?
(iv) Who was the best-man at the wedding-breakfast?
(v) Give a word from the passage similar in meaning to ‘ordered.’
Answers:
(i) Baron had sent the messenger.
(iii) The messenger brought a sealed envelop.
(iii) On the outside of the envelop it was written, ‘A wedding present – to Hughie Erskine and Laura Merton, from an old beggar’
(iv) Alan Trevor was the best manj at the wedding-breakfast.
(v) ‘Commissioned’.

MP Board Class 11th English Solutions

MP Board Class 11th English A Voyage Textbook

MP Board Class 11th Special Hindi Sahayak Vachan Solutions Chapter 3 बन्दी पिता का पत्र

February 10, 2025February 9, 2025 by Prasanna

MP Board Class 11th Special Hindi सहायक वाचन Solutions Chapter 3 बन्दी पिता का पत्र

बन्दी पिता का पत्र अभ्यास प्रश्न

निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर लिखिए

प्रश्न 1.
‘बन्दी पिता का पत्र’ किसने किसे संबोधित कर लिखा है?
उत्तर:
‘बन्दी पिता का पत्र’ पंडित कमलापति त्रिपाठी ने अपने प्रिय पुत्र लाल जी को सम्बोधित करते हुए लिखा है।

प्रश्न 2.
पत्र में कैदियों के जीवन के विषय में किन-किन बातों का उल्लेख किया है? (2017)
उत्तर:
पत्र में कैदियों के जीवन के विषय में जिन बातों का उल्लेख है, वे इस प्रकार हैं-इन कैदियों के जीवन में आनन्द, सुख और सन्तोष के लिए स्थान नहीं होता है। इनके साथ पशओं जैसा व्यवहार किया जाता है, उन्हें पीसा जाता है। इन कैदियों को समाज से उपेक्षित समझा जाता है। संसार में कहीं पर भी सम्मानपूर्वक इनको खड़े होने का कोई स्थान नहीं है। इनका भविष्य भी अन्धकारपूर्ण ही होता है। इन कैदियों के जीवन के अनेक वर्ष यहाँ ही समाधिस हो गए।

इन जेल के कैदियों के जीवन में कहाँ है बसन्त? और कहाँ है सावन की मेघगर्जन? यहाँ ये ऐसे प्राणी हैं जिनकी सारी जवानी इसी में कट गई। बुढ़ापा यहाँ आ गया और अब मौत भी इन्हें यहाँ ही आकर समाधिस्थ करेगी। वे, फिर किसी भी बन्धन से मुक्त हो जाएँगे।

जेल के कैदियों में ऐसे व्यक्तियों की भी संख्या इतनी अधिक है जिन्हें यह भी पता नहीं कि उनके घर की क्या दशा है? अपने जिन बच्चों को छोड़ आए थे, वे अब कैसे हैं? उनके घर वाले भी अब उन्हें भूल चुके हैं। यदि आज जेल से छूट कर जाएँ, और अपने सौभाग्य से अपने बेटों से मिलें, और अपनी बीबी के सामने खड़े हों तो शायद न बेटा बाप को पहचानेगा और न ही बीबी अपने मियाँ को।

क्या कभी कोई ऐसी कल्पना भी कर सकता है कि इनके हृदय में भी रस का संचार होगा, सम्भव है? क्या होली, क्या दीवाली-किसी में यह सामर्थ्य कहाँ हो सकती है कि इनके हृदय में टूटे हुए तारों को पुनः जोड़ दिया जाए और फिर उनमें से झंकृति निकल सके।

प्रश्न 3.
जीवन के सुख-दुःख से सम्बन्धित विचारों को लेखक ने किस प्रकार व्यक्त किया है?
उत्तर:
प्रकृति एक नटी है। लीलामयी प्रकृति मानव में वह क्षमता उत्पन्न करती है जिससे सुख-दुःख की परिस्थिति में एक सामंजस्य स्थापित हो उठता है। मनुष्य की इस क्षमता को अद्भुत ही कहा जायेगा। परिस्थितिवश स्वयं को उसके अनुकूल किस सरलता से ढाल लेता है। मनुष्य के हृदय में कला, संतुलन और धैर्य का कितना माद्दा है कि प्रत्येक परिस्थिति को अपने अनुसार ढालने में कोई कसर नहीं छोड़ता। अपनी इसी क्षमता के बलबूते पर मनुष्य जीवन धारण करने में समर्थ है।

मेरा स्वयं का अनुभव है कि यह जगत अनन्त वेदना और दुःखों से ही भरा हुआ है। यह जीवन प्रबल गति से बहते महान् काल रूपी नदी के प्रवाह पर उठे हुए बुलबुले के समान क्षणिक है। यह जीवन अस्थायी अस्तित्व लिए हुए है। इस जीवन के कितने क्षण ऐसे हैं जो सुख और शान्ति से बीते हैं। इस जीवन में सुख, आनन्द और तृप्ति नाम का पदार्थ ढूँढ़े नहीं मिल सकता।

यह जीवन बित्तेभर का है, उसके भी बड़े हिस्से में वेदना, पीड़ा और अवसाद भरा हुआ है। यदि सुख के कुछ क्षण यहाँ आ भी जाते हैं, तो वे बिजली की भाँति क्षण भर कौंध जाते हैं और मानव जीवन जो प्रायः अंधकार से भरा हुआ है, कभी-कभी आलोकित हो उठता है। सुख का प्रकाश शीघ्र ही लुप्त हो जाता है। यह सुख नश्वर है, क्षणिक है। परन्तु इस सुख की क्षणिकाओं में सत्य समाया रहता है। यह सत्य अमिट स्मृतियाँ छोड़ चला जाता है। इसी न मिटने वाली स्मृति को जीवन की शक्ति का स्रोत कहते हैं; यही स्मृति निराशा में आशा का संचार करती है, अंधकार में प्रकाश विकीर्ण करती है। मृत्यु और विनाश में जीवन का सृजन का आधार बनकर पुष्ट होती है।

संसारी जीव दु:खों से प्रभावित है। समाज में कौन ऐसा है जो तप्त हो, और अभावों से ग्रस्त न हो। फिर भी दुःखमय, क्षणिक जीवन के प्रति मनुष्य का इतना मोह क्यों? सुख के कणों को बटोरने के प्रयास में जीवन कितने दुःख, वेदना और यातना सहन करता है। कितने अचम्भे की बात है यह?

प्रश्न 4.
पत्र-लेखक ने गाँधी जी के सत्याग्रह के विषय में क्या लिखा है?
उत्तर:
ब्रिटेन अपनी साम्राज्यवादी नीतियों से लोगों के हृदय में अपने प्रति घृणा की आग सुलगा रहा था। यह अवस्था असहनीय हो चुकी थी जिससे लोगों में झुंझलाहट पैदा हो रही थी। इस महान् देश के करोड़ों लोग नपुंसकतापूर्ण ग्लज्जा का उद्रेक कर रहे थे। उस समय हम सोच रहे थे कि गाँधी जी विकट संकट में फंस गए हैं। गाँधी जी उन लोगों में से थे जो अपनी प्रतिज्ञा से एक कदम भी पीछे हटने वाले नहीं थे। शरीर को चाहे दो भागों में विभक्त क्यों न कर दिया जाए? गाँधी जी के शरीर में विदेहत्व का आदर्श सजीव रूप में मूर्तिमान हो चुका था। आदर्श और सत्य के लिए उस व्यक्ति की दृष्टि में न जीवन का मूल्य है और न जगत का।

परन्तु दूसरी ओर स्वार्थ में अंधे हुए कठोर हृदय साम्राज्यवादियों की सत्ता देखी। जिनमें नर रक्तपान करते-करते मनुष्यता नाम के किसी पदार्थ की छाया भी नहीं रह गई है। भय होता, भय नहीं विश्वास था कि यदि कहीं, वह अशिव मुहूर्त आ ही गया जब गाँधी जी की भौतिक देह इस तप के बोझ को सहन करने में असमर्थ होती दिखाई देगी, तो उस समय भी वे मानवता की इस विभूति और पृथ्वी के इस अमूल्य रत्न को नष्ट कर देने में आगा-पीछा न करेंगे। आखिर वे तो मनुष्य ही थे जिन्होंने ईसा के तपःपूत शरीर में लोहे की कील ठोंककर प्रसन्नता और सन्तोष प्राप्त किया था। यदि इतिहास उसी की पुनरावृत्ति करे तो उसे कौन रोक सकेगा।

अब हम यह अनुभव कर रहे हैं कि आज गाँधी नहीं मर रहा है। बल्कि उसके साथ वह आदर्श और वह सत्य भी मर रहा है जिसका प्रतिनिधित्व वह स्वयं कर रहा है और जिसका दिव्य संदेश लेकर यह देवदूत अवनि पर अवतीर्ण हुआ है। अब प्रश्न यह भी उठता है कि क्या मानव के चरम कल्याण के लिए और उसके लिए चेष्टा करना ही कोई जघन्य अपराध है जिसके कारण इतना भयानक दंड मिल रहा है।

यदि मानव समाज को संहार से, विनाश से और पाप से बचाना है, तो उसकी समस्त व्यवस्था को अहिंसा के आधार पर स्थापित करने का आयोजन करना ही होगा। लोग कह देते हैं कि अहिंसा मानव-प्रकृति के प्रतिकूल है और कभी हिंसा का उन्मूलन संभव नहीं है। वे इतिहास को साक्षी रूप में उद्धृत करते हैं। लेकिन लेखक के अनुसार लोग उसी इतिहास को गलत ढंग से देखते हैं। वे यह नहीं देखते कि विकास-पथ का पथिक मानव सदा प्रवृत्तियों से युद्ध करता। उनका संयम और नियंत्रण करता रहता तो आगे बढ़ता चला गया होता। उसकी यही साधना संस्कृतियों को जन्म देती रही है।

प्रश्न 5.
कैदियों ने होली के उत्सव को किस प्रकार मनाया था?
उत्तर:
आज जेल में कैदियों द्वारा होली का उत्सव मनाया जा रहा है। मैंने अपने कानों से अभी-अभी मंद-मंद किन्तु उनके उल्लास से परिपूर्ण स्वर लहरी को सुना है। यह स्वर लहरी मेरे पास वाली बैरक से सुनाई पड़ रही है। परन्तु इन बेचारे कैदियों के जीवन में आनन्द कहाँ? सुख और सन्तोष के क्षण कहाँ? इन्हें तो समाज से उपेक्षित रखा गया है। ये समाज में सम्मान से खड़े भी नहीं रह सकते। इनके जीवन का महत्त्वपूर्ण हिस्सा कैद में ही समाधिस्थ हो गया है। फिर भी अपने हृदय की भावनाओं को अपनी मस्त स्वर लहरियों में व्यक्त करते हुए इन्हें देख रहा हूँ।

इन्होंने ढपली बनाई है। धुंघरू बनाए हैं। फटे-पुराने चिथड़ों को एकत्रकर रंगा है। अपनी-अपनी बैरकों से बाहर निकल आए हैं और वे स्वाँग रच रहे हैं। फगुआ गा रहे हैं। कोई-कोई तो धुंधरू पहनकर नाच रहा है। इन अभागे कैदियों का उल्लास और उन्माद दर्शनीय है।

स्वतंत्र वायु और निर्मुक्त अनंत आकाश से भी वंचित होकर वे जीवन को कुछ क्षण के लिए मोहक और आकर्षक बनाने में सफल हुए हैं। आज होली न आई होती, तो आज इन्हें इतना भी नसीब न हुआ होता।

प्रश्न 6.
ब्रिटेन की सरकार की मनमानी से लेखक को क्यों क्षोभ हुआ?
उत्तर:
ब्रिटेन की सरकार साम्राज्यवादी है। वह सरकार निष्ठुरता की पराकाष्ठा से ऊपर तक जा चुकी है। उसकी निष्ठुरता के विरुद्ध लोगों के हृदयों में विरोध की आग फूट पड़ने लगी है। उसने जो अवस्था उत्पन्न की है, वह असह्य है, जिससे ब्रितानी शासक वर्ग किसी भी भारतीय की झंझलाहट के पात्र हो सकते हैं। ब्रिटिश सरकार की ज्यादतियों को भारत जैसे महान् देश के लोग सहन कैसे कर रहे हैं? शायद उनमें नपुंसकता का संचार हो गया है। इससे तो लज्जा का उद्रेक हुआ है।

अब बात आती है, गाँधी जी द्वारा आमरण उपवास की। हम लोग सोचते हैं कि गाँधी जी किसी विकट संकट में पड़ गए हैं। गाँधी जी उन लोगों में से एक हैं जो अपनी प्रतिज्ञा से डिगना नहीं जानते; चाहे उनके शरीर के कितने ही टुकड़े क्यों न हो जायें? वस्तुतः उनमें विदेहत्व का एक आदर्श रूप मूर्तिवान हो गया है, जिसमें सजीवता है। गाँधी जी अपने आदर्श और सत्य के लिए जीवन त्याग सकते हैं, जगत से नाता छोड़ सकते हैं। अतः उनके लिए जीवन और जगत-अपने आदर्श और सत्य के लिए कोई महत्त्व नहीं रखते।

अब थोड़ा-सा नर-पिशाचियों की ब्रितानी सरकार पर विहंगम दृष्टि डालते हैं, तो हम पाते हैं कि वे अपने स्वार्थ में अंधे हो चुके हैं। वह सरकार साम्राज्यवादियों की है। उन स्वार्थी साम्राज्यवादी सरकार की सत्ता नर रक्तपात को मौन खड़ी देख सकती है। उन लोगों में मानवता का एक बिन्दु रूप भी नहीं है। यह अत्यन्त भय की अथवा अशिवता की बात घटित हो जाती है, जिसका हम सबको भय था, और गाँधी जी की भौतिक देह तप के गहन बोझ को सहन करने में असमर्थ हो जाती तो क्या इस मानवता की विभूति और पृथ्वी के रत्न गाँधी को नष्ट करने देने में क्या हम भारतीय आगा-पीछा न करेंगे? अर्थात् अवश्य करेंगे। आखिर वे मनुष्य ही तो थे; जिन्होंने तप से पवित्र शरीर वाले ईसा मसीह के शरीर में लोहे की कील ठोंक दी और स्वयं उन्होंने प्रसन्नता और सन्तोष का अनुभव किया। इतिहास, यदि उसी की पुनरावृत्ति करे तो कर सकता है, उसे रोकने वाला कौन है?

प्रश्न 7.
इस पत्र के माध्यम से लेखक क्या कहना चाहता है? स्पष्ट कीजिए।
उत्तर:
इस पत्र के माध्यम से लेखक कहना चाहता है कि-
(1) प्रकृति ने मनुष्य की रचना की है और उसमें विचित्रता पैदा की है कि मनुष्य सदैव सुख और दुःख में सामंजस्य बैठाता रहा है। इस सामंजस्य की क्षमता भी उसमें अद्भुत है। सुख क्षणिक होता है। दुःख की अन्धेरी रात्रि अपार होती है। सुख की स्मृतियाँ जीवन में शक्ति, ऊर्जा और उत्साह की स्त्रोत कहलाती हैं।

(2) लेखक वैदिक युग के समाज का दिग्दर्शन कराता हुआ कहता है कि उस युग में स्त्री-पुरुष समाज के उत्सवों में समान रूप से भाग लेते थे। खेलों और उत्सवों तथा क्रीड़ाओं में दोनों की ही सहभागिता महत्त्व रखती थी।

(3) उस युग में इन उत्सवों और पर्वो पर सम्पन्न आयोजनों में ही युवक-युवतियाँ अपने वर और वधुओं का वरण कर लेती थी। माता-पिता की और अन्य सामाजिक रूप से महत्त्वपूर्ण व्यक्तियों की उपस्थिति में यह स्वयंवर सम्पन्न हुआ करते थे। पुरातन आर्यों की संस्कृति सुसम्पन्न थी।

(4) आज के होली-दीवाली आदि उत्सवों पर बन्धनयुक्त कल्पित आजादी विषैली हो गयी है। जीवन में पराधीनता का बन्धन सत्य नहीं है। आज हमें सत्य और असत्य से मिश्रित जीवन का उपभोग करने की बाध्यता अनुभव हो रही है।

(5) हम भारतीयों ने लम्बे समय तक पराधीनता के कष्ट भोगे हैं। इस पराधीनता में साम्राज्यवादी सत्ता की निष्ठुरता ने सभी भारतीयों को शताब्दियों तक झुलसाया है। फिर भी गाँ ती जी ने विश्वमानव को अपने शुद्ध तपभूत मन से यह बता दिया कि हिंसा पर अहिंसा विजय पा सकती है, यदि उसके पालन करने वाले सत्य और अपने आदर्श को जीवित रखने के लिए कटिबद्ध हैं। यद्यपि हिंसा मनुष्य में प्राकृत रूप से मौजूद है। सत्य कभी मरता नहीं है।

(6) यदि मानव समाज को संहार से, विनाश से और पाप से बचाना है तो समाज की समस्त व्यवस्था को अहिंसा के आधार पर स्थापित करना होगा। मनुष्यों का कहना है कि अहिंसा मानव-प्रकृति के प्रतिकूल है। अत: हिंसा का उन्मूलन कभी भी सम्भव नहीं है। परन्तु उन्हें यह समझने की कोशिश करनी होगी कि विकास पथ का पथिक मानव सदा प्रारम्भिक प्रवृत्तियों से युद्ध करता रहा है, उन पर संयम साधता रहा है, उन पर नियंत्रण करता रहा है, और परिणामत: वह आगे बढ़ता गया है। इसी तरह की साधना से विश्व में संस्कृतियों ने जन्म लिया।

(7) मनुष्यता का इतिहास परम साधना का इतिहास है। सहज प्रवृत्तियों का उन्मूलन मानव द्वारा सम्भव नहीं है। लेकिन उन प्रवृत्तियों को एक व्यवस्था दे सकता है। उन्हें कला के रंग से रंग सकता है। उन्हें नियंत्रित कर सकता है। इस सहज प्रवृत्तियों को उन्नत पथ की ओर मोड़ा जा सकता है। हिंसात्मक प्रवृत्ति के साथ ही मनुष्य में उसके ऊपर संयम करने की प्रवृत्ति भी तो मानव के अन्दर प्रकृति ने प्रदान की है। इस प्रकार मानव के अन्दर एक विशेष गुण है, वह है मनुष्य का द्वन्द्वात्मक स्वरूप। गाँधी जी ने बताया कि इस हिंसात्मक प्रवृत्ति पर विजय पाने में असफलता, मानवता की पुनीत साधना की असफलता होगी।

(8) मनुष्य लेखन के माध्यम से अपने मन में उठे उद्गारों को स्पष्ट कर देता है। यह उसकी कल्पना शक्ति की अभिव्यक्ति है। जिस पर अन्तःकरण की छाप लगी हुई होती है। लेखक के मन की अनुभूतियाँ जीवन के स्वरूप को बताती हैं। समस्याओं का समाधन आकलित होता है। वैचारिक भिन्नता अनिवार्य है। लेकिन आशा है कि भारत का विविधामय स्वरूप प्रेम और सौन्दर्य के सूत्र में अभिन्नता से पिरोया हुआ होने की आशा की जाती है।

बन्दी पिता का पत्र अति लघु उत्तरीय प्रश्न

प्रश्न 1.
‘बन्दी पिता का पत्र’ कहाँ लिखा गया था?
उत्तर:
‘बन्दी पिता का पत्र’ पंडित कमलापति त्रिपाठी ने नैनी सैंट्रल जेल में लिखा था।

प्रश्न 2.
पत्र-लेखन के समय नैनी सेंट्रल जेल में कौन-सा त्यौहार मनाया जा रहा था?
उत्तर:
पत्र-लेखन के समय नैनी सेंट्रल जेल में होली का उत्सव मनाया जा रहा था।

बन्दी पिता का पत्र पाठका सारांश

प्रस्तावना :
लेखक अपने प्रिय पुत्र लाल जी को जेल से पत्र लिखता है। वह बताता है कि आज जेल में होली का उत्सव मनाया जा रहा है। लेखक के पास वाली बैरक से उल्लास भरी स्वर लहरियाँ उसे कान में सुनाई पड़ रही हैं। जेल की बैरके ही बहुत से कैदियों की समाधि स्थल बन गयी हैं। कुछ अपनी हड्डियाँ और मांस तक को सुखा चुके हैं; उनके लिए अब बसंत अथवा वर्षा ऋतु के सावन का मेघ गर्जन कहाँ? यहाँ कुछ कैदी ऐसे भी हैं जिनकी सुध लेने वाला बाहर कोई भी नहीं है। घरवाले उन्हें भूल चुके हैं, यहाँ तक कि बेटे, बाप, पत्नी परस्पर उन्हें पहचान नहीं सकते। तो फिर उनके हृदय में रस का संचार कहाँ हो सकता है? ऐसे होली, दीवाली पर्यों में आज वह सामर्थ्य कहाँ जो इनके टूटे हुए तारों को पुनः जोड़ दे?

प्रकृति एक महानटी है :
प्रकृति ने मनुष्य को एक विचित्रता दी है जिससे उसमें सुख और दुःख के सामंजस्य की स्थापना की क्षमता है। जीवन एक अस्थायी अस्तित्व को लिए हुए है जिसमें अनन्त वेदना और दुःख परिपूर्ण है। अतः यहाँ सुख, आनन्द और तृप्ति नाम का पदार्थ ढूँढ़े भी नहीं मिल सकता। सुख क्षणिक है, दु:ख की अनन्त कारा की कलियाँ सर्वत्र फैली हैं यहाँ। परन्तु फिर भी इस दुनिया में निराशा में आशा, अन्धकार में प्रकाश, मृत्यु में जीवन के सृजन का आधार बना रहता है।

समाज में अतृप्ति और अभाव :
सम्पूर्ण मानव समाज अतृप्ति और अभाव की समस्या से व्यथित है। मनुष्य सुख की तलाश ओस की बूंदों से प्यास बुझाने की तरह करता है। इसी तरह जेल के कैदी भी किसी भी तरह अपने मन के अवसाद को भुलाने के लिए ‘फगुआ गा रहे हैं’, कोई ढपली बजा रहा है, तो कोई अपने पैरों में घुघरू पहन नृत्य कर रहा है। इन कैदियों का भाग्य अभागेपन में डूब चुका है। परन्तु अपने जीवन में ये बंदी लोग उल्लारा की मादकता उत्पन्न करने की कोशिश कर रहे हैं। मुक्त आकाश का सौन्दर्य तो इन्हें मिलेगा नहीं, लेकिन कुछ क्षण के लिए मोहक और आकर्षक झलकियाँ जीवन का संचार कर ही देती हैं। इस होली पर्व का भी लम्बा इतिहास है। वैदिक युग में यही होली बसन्तोसव के रूप में मनाई जाती थी। विविध खेलकूद, नाचरंग, नाटक, घुड़दौड़, रथदौड़ होती थी। जीवन में जीवन का संचार था। स्त्री-पुरुष सभी इन उत्सवों में भाग लेते थे।

स्वयंवर प्रथा :
इन विविध प्रक्रियाओं के आयोजनों के बीच ही युवतियाँ भी मन के अनुकूल किसी युवक को पतिरूप में वरण करती थीं। माता-पिता उन युवक-युवतियों की इच्छाओं के अनुकूल आचरण करते थे। परन्तु ज्ञात नहीं कि जीवन और हृदयों के मिलन को पुण्यशाली पर्व की वह स्वस्थ परम्परा काल के गर्त में कब समा गई।

ब्रिटेन की साम्राज्यवादी सरकार की निष्ठुरता :
ब्रिटेन की साम्राज्यवादी सरकार की निष्ठुरता के समक्ष मानवतावादी दृष्टि अन्धत्व में समा गई है। उनके लिए न जीवन का मूल्य है, और न जगत का। उन्हें तो स्वार्थ के अन्धेरे में घेरा हुआ है। मनुष्यता से तो उनका दूर का भी परिचय नहीं है।

आदर्शों और सत्य के मूल्यों का ह्रास परन्तु बचाव :
स्वार्थपरता के अन्धकार को विकीर्ण करती यह सरकार आदर्शों और सत्य के मूल्यों से कोई सरोकार नहीं रखती। सम्पूर्ण मानव समाज को संहार से बचाने का प्रयास अहिंसा से ही हो सकता है। लेकिन हिंसा का उन्मूलन भी सम्भव नहीं है। लेकिन निराशा में आशा एवं विकास पथ का पथिक बना मानव सदा से ही इन कुत्सित प्रवृत्तियों पर नियंत्रण रखने का क्रम अपनाता रहा है। यही वह साधना है जो संस्कृतियों को जन्म देती रही है।

मानवता का इतिहास ही साधना का इतिहास :
मनुष्य सहज और प्राकृतिक प्रवृत्तियों का उन्मूलन नहीं कर सकता। लेकिन इनको एक व्यवस्था दे सकता है। कला का रंग चढ़ा सकता है। उन्हें उन्नत पथ की ओर मोड़कर ले जाने का भागीरथी प्रयत्न कर सकता है। संस्कृतियों का विकास इसी तपस्या का फल है। हिंसा सहज प्रवृत्ति है लेकिन उस सहज प्रवृत्ति पर अंकुश डाला जा सकता है।

मानव का द्वन्द्वात्मक स्वरूप :
मानव अपने समाज में अपने इस द्वन्द्वात्मक स्वरूप से अभिशप्त है। गाँधी जी हिंसा पर अहिंसा द्वारा नियंत्रण का मंत्र जपते हैं तो यह असफलता उनकी नहीं, वरन् मानवता की पवित्र साधना की असफलता है। हिंसा में मनुष्य गतिहीन हो जाएगा। गाँधीजी उसी हिंसा के विरुद्ध इक्कीस दिन का आमरण व्रत लिए हुए हैं। जीवन निराशा में डूब रहा है।

उपसंहार :
मनुष्य अपनी जीवन नैया को आगे बढ़ाने के उपाय अपनाता है, लेखक भी अपनी लेखन शैली के माध्यम से समय काटता है। लिखता है, परन्तु उस लेखन में सम्बोधन किसी को भी कर सकता है। पत्र लेखक का प्रयोजन केवल सम्बोधित किए व्यक्ति के लिए ही नहीं होता, वह तो स्वयं लेखक के लिए भी महत्त्वपूर्ण होता है। विविध अनुभूतियाँ जीवन चक्र को विविधता देती हैं। विविधता का दृश्य जगत अभिन्नता के धारा प्रवाह में बहता रहे, एक ऐसा अदृश्य सूत्र इस विविधता को पिरोकर आकर्षण का केन्द्र बने भारत माता के हृदय का हार।

MP Board Class 11th Hindi Solutions

Cherry Tree Question Answer Class 11 English A Voyage Chapter 6 MP Board

February 10, 2025February 9, 2025 by Bhagya

Class 11 English A Voyage Chapter 6 Cherry Tree Questions and Answers

Cherry Tree Class 11th Question Answer

Word Power

1. The poet has used words that are used as ‘nouns’ and verbs both like ‘watered’. Use the following from the poem as nouns and verbs both in two separate sentences of your own:
[summer, grass, sycthe, shoots, arms, light, air, watch, season, jewel, blossom. ]
Answer:

Summer (noun) – The summer has begun.
Summer (verb) – He usually summers in Shimla
Grass (noun) – The dry grass caught fire
Grass (verb) – The man grassed
Scythe (noun) – The woman is cutting the grass With a scythe
Scythe (verb) – She scythed the grass quickly.
Shoots (noun) – I saw new green shoots in the plant.
Shoots (verb) – The troop is shooting at the enemy.
Arms (noun) – We should keep an arm’s distance with our enemies.
Arms (verb) – The man armed himself with sticks and stones.
Light (noun) – Light travels in a straight line.
Light (verb) – Light the lamb, please.
Air (noun) – Air is the mixture of gases.
Air (verb) – Air the bed sheets well.
Watch (noun) – I have purchase a new watch.
Watch (verb) -1 don’t watch T.V. frequently.
Season (noun) – The season of monsoon has arrived.
Season (verb) – Season the lamp with garlic.
Jewel (noun) – I have put all my jewels in a safe.
Jewel (verb) – It was jewelled with pearls
Blossom (noun) – The trees are in blossom.
Blossom (verb) – Our friendship blossomed into love.

Poetic Devices

(A) Following have been ‘personified’ in the poem

(1) ‘Cherries have a way of growing’
(2) a tree had come to stay
(3) a monsoon blight-shirvelled the slender stem.
Find more examples of personification from the poem and write explanation of the lines above (1, 2, 3) and the expressions selected by you.
Answer:

S.No. Examples of Personification		Explanation
1.	Cherries have a way of growing.	They grow like human being naturally.
2.	A tree had come to stay.	It had grown full.
3.	A monsoon blight shrivelled the – slender stem.	Monsoon and other natural supports have made the tree strong.
4.	The young tree struggle.	The tree makes its growth at its own.
5.	lime and the rain made miracle	Time and the rain have acted like some miraculous power.

(B) Rhyming scheme: The poem has a rhyming scheme. Mark it and write out the details. Also find out where the poet deviates and say why.
Answer:
The rhyme scheme of the poem is a, a, b, b except a few places where the poet deviates in under to change the mood and his expression.

(C) In the beginning of the poem is talking of the Cherry tree and how it grew against all odds towards the end he expresses his own joy and action pick out the stanza and write its meanings.
Answer:
The growth of the cherry tree against all odds is expressed through these lines:
……. Even so,
next spring I watched three new shoots grow,
The young tree struggle, upward thrust,
Its arms in a fresh fierce lust
For light and air and sun.
The lines that express the poet’s joy- came back thinner, rather poor,
But richer by a cherry tree at my door.
Yes, I!-praised Night and Stars and tree.
That small, the cherry, grown by me.

(D) Alliteration is a figure of speech in which first sounds are repeated to give the poem a lyrical quality.
For example:
a monsoon blight
Shrivelled the slender stem …………..

Find other examples from the poem and write them in your note- book.
Answer:

Its arms in a Fresh Fierce lust
Who Watched, Wandering, While Time and the rain
Made a Miracle from green growing pain
Swiftly, and the Stars turned in the Sky,
And Moon Moths and singing crickets and I-

Comprehension

(A) On the basis of the reading of the poem, answer the questions:

Question 1.
What difficulties did the cherry tree face in growing up?
Answer:
The difficulties that the cherry tree faced in growing up were that-
It was not watered. It was suppressed by the tall, wild grass. Goats ate its leaves. Grass cutter scythe it and split it apart.

Question 2.
What is the miracle? How was it caused by time and rain?
Answer:
The miracle is something that is thought to be done by some divine or super-natural power. Here, time and rain caused the growth and bloom of the cherry tree despite all its difficulties.

Question 3.
What does the poet refer to in ‘five month’s child’?
Answer:
The poet refers to the cherry tree as ‘five month’s child.

Question 4.
The poet says, Its arms in fresh fierce lust’. What do ‘Its arms’stand for?
Answer:
Its are stand for the branches of the cherry tree.

Question 5.
Mention two things that the poet saw when he was trying to look at the sky through the leaves of the cheery tree.
Answer:
The two things that the poet saw when he was trying to look at the sky through the leaves of the cherry tree were:

the finches which flew and flitted
bees drinking nectar from each bloom of the cherry tree.

Question 6.
Pick out the lines from the poem that convey that the cherry blossoms are delicate.
Answer:
The following lines from the poem convey that the cherry bloosoms are delicate -there were blossoms small Pink, fragile, quick to fall At the merest breath, the sleepiest breeze

Question 7.
(A) What is the poet trying to say in the expression ‘cherries have a way of growing’?
Answer:
By the expression cherries have a way of growing’ the poet means to say that cherry’ is tree and hence a natural object. Nature has its own way to protect its world. So, despite all hurdles the cherry tree grows and blooms. There is no power which can stop the process of nature.

(B) What do you understand by the following expression? Write a
sentence for each expression to bring out its meaning:
1. grass running wild
2. monsoon blight
3. growing pains
4. sleepiest breeze
5 . dappled green
6. blue blind sky
7. fresh fiercest lust
Answer:

Grass running wild-The cherry tree is covered with grass running wild.
Monsoon blight-The monsson blight has marred the growth of the plant.
Growing pains-I was very much depressed at the growing pains at every’ step.
Sleepiest breeze-The sleepiest breeze comforted me geatly.
Dappled green-It was strange to see the bees dunking nectar
through dappled green.
Blue blind sky-The blue blind sky failed all predictions of monsoon.
Fresh fierest lust-No fresh fierest lust could affect his way.

(C) Complete the following summary of the poem by filling the gaps using the expressions from the poem:
The poet sowed a seed about ………. ago because he wanted a ………. own. Once in the month of May he found a tree that ………. and had survived the ………. grass cutter’s ………. and the monsoon ………. through it was it grew three new shoots ………. and ………. grew upward w hen he came back from Kashmir he could ………. believe that a Cherry tree had ………. and ………. in the sun.
Next year it bore pink………. that were ………. and ……….. As he was relaxing in his garden he saw the ………. as they and ………. through the green. He saw bees as they drank ………. the from each .
Answer:
The poet-sowed a seed about eight-years ago because he wanted a tree of his own. Once is die month of May he found a tree that grew and had survived the goat’s eating and grass-cutter’s scythe and the monsoon blight though it was shrivelled it grew three new shoots young and it grew up word when he came back from Kashmir he could hardly believe that a cherry tree had tipened and jeweled in the sum. Next year it bore pink blossoms that were fragile and quick to fall. As he was relaxing in his garden he saw the finches as they flew and flitted through the dappled green He saw beas as they drank nectar from each bloom.

Speaking Activity

A. The poem starts with a flash back where the poet recollects something from the past and then narrates about present. Talk to your friend about your childhood of something that you recollects as a pleasant memory which has borne fruits in your present life, (work in pairs) Share this with your class. Select two best narratives and put them in a poem form. Your can think of a friend a scene an incident a school happening
Answer:
Do it yourself.

B. Read out the poems in the class and hold discussions on their poetic qualities, use of language and figure of speech etc.
Answer:
Do it yourself.

Writing Activity

A. Read the following poem and write answer to the questions given after the poem.
Answer:
See the poem on the text book page (41-42).

Questions:
(i) Why does the poet call it April’s gift?
(ii) Why does the poet call it as Birthday ornament of spring?
(iii) What are the other flowers that the poet names in the poem?
(iv) What is the colour of almond blossoms?
(v) How does the poet tell us that there are no leaves on the tree?
(vi) What happens when the winter winds blow?
Answer:
(i) The poet calls it April’s gift because it (almond tree) blossoms in April.
(ii) The poet calls it as Birthday ornament of spring because it is like a gift of nature.
(iii) The poet names some other flowers like king-cup, blackthorn.
(iv) The colour of almond blossoms in crimson.
(v) The poet tells us that there are no leaves on the tree as follows- Lest. with longing over-tried
We die as the violet died.
(vi) When the writer winds blow, all the red bells of almond ring with a bee in every bell and almond bloom.

B. Use the following words from the poem in sentences of your own
trust – clouding
dare – bough
royal – greet
stridy
Answer:

trust – He has full time in me,
dare — I can’t dare to say about he incident.
royal — The king was in his royal suit.
sturdy – Amit is a boy of sturdy build.
clouding — Several doubts are clouding me.
bough – The boughs of the tree are all slender and weak.
greet — I greeted my friend warmly.

Think it Over

All trees have a different way of growing, some are delicate some are hardly plants; some are perinnial and some seasonal; some are fruit bearing and others are decorative with beautiful foliage and flowers; have you tried to grow plants of your.. own? Which were those? Express your view on pleasures is pains of growing tree, plant etc.
Answer:
Do yourself

Think To Do

A. You have read William Wordsworth’s poem Daffodils whose the poet says
“For oft, when on my couch I lie,
They flush upon that inward eye
which is bliss of solitude;
And then my heart with pleasure fills,
And dance with the daffodils.”
Compare the lines with Ruskin Bond’s following lines:
I by on grass, at ease
Looking up through leaves at the blue Blind sky”
Answer:

In both the poems, the poets enjoy the bliss of nature. While Wordsworth
Daffodils’ in sitting alone and is thinking about the scene of the daffodils in his imagination, Rusking Bond is enjoying nature’s beautiful scenes just now.

B. Read the following verses carefully and answer the questions that follow.
(See the poem on Textbook page-43)

Questions:
(i) Describe in your own words the effect on a slender brich tree of the snow fall.
(ii) What is the poet trying to say in the last line of the poem?
(iii) Describe the effect of the following on birch trees:
(a) ice-storms
(b) rising breeze
(c) warmth of the sun Answers
1. The slender birch tree has been bent down.
2. The poet is trying to say that the real bliss of nature seems to be over.
3.

The birch trees have been bent down.
They click upon themselves with rising breeze.
The warmth of the sun makes them shed crystal sheds.

(iv) Say whether the following statements are true or false.
(a) A child in the tree is swinging the birch tree.
(b) The tree is siwnging left and right due to the blowing of breeze.
(c) The birch trees are misshaped by the ice-storm.
(d) After the sun-rise, the branches begin to move gently left and right and look like a rainbow.
(e) After the sunrise, the trees loaded with ice become the inner
dome of heaven.
Answer:
(a) true, (b) true, (c) true, (d) false, (e) true.

Cherry Tree Summary in English

‘Chery Tree’ is a poem by Ruskin Bond. It tells us the poet’s ecstasy over a tree of his o\Vn which took eight year to grow.

Eight years have passed since the poet placed a cherry seed in the grass. He thought it to be his own tree. He watered it once. After that he forgot about it. But as cherries have a process of growing, so poet’s cherry also grew without any care. Suddenly in a summer season the poet found the growth of a tree of cherry. It was small like a five month old child lost in tall, wild grass. Goats ate its leaves and grass-cutter had snapped it with his syethe. Even after that the poet saw in the next spring three new shoots grown there. The young tree had struggled upward for fresh light and air and sun.

The poet had waited while time and the rain had done wonder by giving full growth to the tree. Next year the poet went to Kashmir to spend his holidays. When he came back he found a full grown cherry tree at his door. It was six feet high. He hardly believed its berries. They were ripened and jewelled in the seen hanging from a branch. The other year there were blossoms pf different colours giving comfort to the poet. The poet while lying on the grass with comfort was looking up through leaves at the blue blind sky. He also enjoyed finches (small passorine birds) flying in the sky softly and rapidly.

The poet also felt the joy of looking at the bees sucking nectar from each bloom of the cherry tree. The sun was sinking softly and the stars turned in the sky. The singing of the crickets and shining of the moon were also very comfortable. The poet is thankful to the cherry tree which provided him with such a fine heavenly bliss.

Cherry Tree Summary in Hindi

‘Cherry Tree’ रस्किन बांड की कविता है। इसमें कवि के एक पेड़ के लिए, जिसे उसने आठ वर्ष पहले अपने लिए लगाया था, आनंद का वर्णन है। आठ वर्ष बीत गए जब कवि ने घास में चेरी के बीज को बोया था। वह इसे अपना पेड़ समझकर बोया था। उसने इसे एकबार सींचा। इसके बाद वह इसके बारे में भूल गया। परन्तु चेरी के बढ़ने की एक प्रक्रिया है, इसलिए कवि का चेरी भी बिना किसी देखभाल के बड़ा हो गया। अचानक एक गर्मी के मौसम में कवि ने चेरी के पेड़ की वृद्धि देखी। यह एक पांच महीने के बच्चे की तरह छोटा था जो लंबी जंगली घास में छिपा था। बकरियों ने इसके पत्ते खा लिए फिर एक घसियारे (घास काटने वाला) ने अपनी कैंची से उन्हें कतर डाला। इसके बावजूद कवि ने अगले वसंत ऋतु में इसमें से तीन नई छोटी-शाखाओं को उगा हुआ देखा। युवा पौधा प्रकाश, हवा और धूप से संघर्ष करते हुए ऊपर की ओर बढ़ा।

कवि प्रतीक्षा करता रहा जबकि समय और वर्षा ने चमत्कार करते हुए पेड़ को पूर्ण विश्वास दिया। अगले वर्ष कवि अपनी छुट्टियाँ बिताने कश्मीर गया। जब वह लौटकर आया तो उसने अपने दरवाजे पर एक पूर्ण विकसित चेरी का पेड़ देखा। यह छह फीट ऊँचा था। बड़ी-मुश्किल से वह इसके फलों पर विश्वास कर पाया। वे पक चुके थे और धूप के कारण डालियों पर सुशोभित थे। दूसरे वर्ष वे कई रंगों में खिल गए और कवि को सुखद अनुभूति देने लगे।

कवि घास में लेटे हुए बड़े आराम से पत्तियों के झुरमुट से नीले, काले आकाश में देखता है। वह आकाश में मृदुता और तेजी से उड़ते हुए छोटे पक्षियों को देखकर आनंदित होता है। कवि मधुमक्खियों को चेरी के फूलों से अमृत रस चूसते हुए देखकर आनंद अनुभव करता है। सूर्य धीरे-धीरे डूब रहा था और आकाश में तारे नजर आ रहे थे। झींगुरों का गाना और चांद का चमकना भी बड़ा आनंददायक था। कवि चेरी के पेड़ के प्रति शुक्रगुजार महसूस करता है जिसने उसे स्वर्ग-सी अनुभूति प्रदान की।

Cherry Tree Word Meanings

MP Board Class 11th English A Voyage Solutions Chapter 6 Cherry Tree 1

Cherry Tree Comprehension

Read the following stanzas carefully and answer the questions that follow:

1. Eight year have passed
Since I placed my cherry seed in the grass,
“Must have a tree of my own, I said,
And watered it once and went to bed And forgot.

Questions:
(i) Who is ‘I’ in these lines?
(ii) What did ‘I’ do eight years ago?
(iii) Why did ‘I’ do so?
(iv) What did ‘I’ do after that?
(v) Give a word from the stanza which is opposite to ‘remembered’.
Answers:
(i) T in these lines is the poet-the narrator.
(ii) ‘I’ placed a cherry seed in the grass eight years ago.
(iii) ‘I’ did so thinking it to be a tree of his own.
(iv) T watered it once and then forgot it.
(v) ‘forgot’.

2. Goats ate the leaves, the grass cutter’s sycthe
split it apart and a monsoon blight
Shrivelled the slender stem Even so.

Questions:
(i) What is being talked about her in these lines?
(ii) What did the goats do to it?
(iii) What did the monsoon blight do to the tree?
(iv) How was the tree split apart?
(v) Give a word from the above stanza similar in meaning to ‘thin’.
Answers:
(i) A little cherry tree is being talked about here.
(ii) The goats ate the leaves of the tree.
(iii) The monsoon blight made its stem shrivelled and slender.
(iv) The tree was split apart by the grass cutter’s scythe.
(v) ‘slender’.

3. I lay on the grass, at ease,
Looking up through leaves at the blue
Blind sky, at the finches as they flew
And flitted through the dappled green.

Questions:
(i) Where was the poet lying?
(ii) What was he doing there?
(iii) What did he see in the sky?
(iv) Explain the expression ‘the blue blind sky’.
(v) Explain the meaning of ‘dappled’.
Answers:
(i) The poet was lying on the grass.
(ii) He was enjoying the beauty of nature in the sky.
(iii) He saw finches flying in the sky.
(iv) The blue sky is sometimes covered with dark cloud.
(v) dappled-variegated with round patches.

MP Board Class 11th English Solutions

MP Board Class 11th English A Voyage Textbook

Can We Stop The Earthquakes? Question Answer Class 11 English The Spectrum Chapter 9 MP Board

February 10, 2025February 9, 2025 by Bhagya

Class 11 English The Spectrum Chapter 9 Can We Stop The Earthquakes? Questions and Answers

Can We Stop The Earthquakes? Class 11th Question Answer

Word Power

The words given below denote different branches of study or science. Consult a dictionary and write as given in the example.
नीचे दिए गये शब्द अध्ययन या विज्ञान की अलग-अलग शाखाएं हैं। उदाहरण के अनुसार लिखो|
Answer:

Geology is the study of the earth’s structure, surface and origin.
Astrology is the study of the influence of planets on people’s lives.
Criminology is the scientific study of crime and criminals.
Anthropolgy is the scientific study of people, society and culture.
Sociology is the study of society or of the way society is organized.
Etymology is the study of the origin and historical development of words.
Psychology is the scientific study of the human mind and the reasons for people’s behaviour.
Entomology is the study of insects..
Philology is the study of words, especially the history and development of the words in a particular language or group of languages.
Mythology is a group of myths, especially all the myths of a particular country, religion or culture.

Comprehension

A. Answer these questions in one or two sentences each.
[इन प्रश्नों का एक या दो वाक्यों में उत्तर दीजिए।

Question 1.
What is the effect of an earthquake when it occurs under sea? (2009, 13)
भूकम्प जब समुद्र के अन्दर होता है तब उसका क्या प्रभाव होता है?
Answer:
If an earthquake strikes under sea, huge tidal waves are produced which sweep inland parts.
यदि भूकम्प समुद्र के नीचे आता है तो भारी ज्वारीय लहरें उठती है जिनका वेगपूर्ण विस्तार स्थलीय भागों पर होता है।

Question 2.
How do earthquakes create destruction in mountain regions ?
जब भूकम्प पहाड़ी इलाके में आता है तब कैसे विनाश करता है ?
Answer:
If it strikes in mountain regions, avalanches are created that spread destruction in the valleys.
जब यह पहाड़ी इलाकों में आता है तो इसके द्वारा हिमस्खलन पैदा होते हैं जो घाटियों में तबाही मचाते हैं।

Question 3.
What are the regions where earthquakes are most likely to happen called ?
उन इलाकों को क्या कहा जाता है जहाँ भूकम्प के आने की अधिक सम्भावना होती
Answer:
The areas where earthquakes are most likely to happen are called earthquake zones.
उन इलाकों को जहाँ भूकम्प आने की सम्भावना अधिक होती है, भूकम्पीय क्षेत्र कहते

Question 4.
How do the Californian earthquake stations detect earthquakes? केलीफोर्निया के भूकम्प केन्द्र भूकम्प का कैसे पता लगाते हैं ?
Answer:
The two stations are linked by a laser beam and if there is any movement under them a warning is sounded.
दोनों केन्द्र लेजर बीम द्वारा जुड़े हैं और उनके नीचे थोड़ी भी हलचल होने पर खतरे की घोषणा हो जाती है।

Question 5.
What is the ‘Chandler Wobble’ ? (2008, 09, 12)
चान्डलर का लड़खड़ाना क्या है ?
Answer:
This is the wobbling of the earth as it spins on its axis. This is caused by the change in the position of the earth in relation to the stars.
यह पृथ्वी की अपनी धुरी पर घूमने के समय होने वाली लड़खड़ाहट है। यह पृथ्वी की स्थिति में नक्षत्रों के सापेक्ष परिवर्तन के कारण होता है।

Question 6.
How does seismology help scientists who work to counter earthquake situations?
भूस्पन्दन शास्त्र वैज्ञानिकों की, जो भूकम्पों के निरोध में लगे हैं, कैसे सहायता करता
Or
How does seismology help scientists to find the cause of earthquake? (2011)
भूस्पन्दन शास्त्र वैज्ञानिकों को भूकम्प का कारण जानने में किस प्रकार सहायता करता
Answer:
It does a careful and accurate monitoring of tremors in the earth and records them for their help.
यह पृथ्वी के नीचे की हलचल का बारीकी तथा सावधानी से अध्ययन कर उसका लेखाजोखा रखती है जो वैज्ञानिकों के लिए सहायक होती है।

B. Answer these questions in two to four sentences each.
इन प्रश्नों का उत्तर दो से चार वाक्यों में दीजिए।

Question 1.
Why does the author call the Earth an enemy beneath our feet.
लेखक पृथ्वी को हमारे पैरों के नीचे एक दुश्मन क्यों कहता है ? (2015) .
Answer:
The author calls the earth an enemy because the cause of earthquakes is the structure of the earth itself.
लेखक पृथ्वी को दुश्मन इस कारण कहता है कि भूकम्पों का कारण पृथ्वी की संरचना ही तो है।

Question 2.
What effect does an earthquake have when it strikes a modern city ? (2014)
भूकम्प जब एक आधुनिक शहर में आता है तो उसका क्या प्रभाव होता है ?
Answer:
When an earthquake strikes a modern city, gas mains burst and fires are started. Underground railways are damaged and buildings collapse.

जब भूकम्प आधुनिक शहर में आता है तो गैस की लाइन फट जाती है और आग लग जाती है। भूगर्भीय रेलवे का नुकसान होता है और अट्टालिकाएँ ध्वस्त हो जाती हैं।

Question 3.
Describe a few instances of the destruction caused by earthquakes.
भूकम्पों द्वारा किये गये विनाश के कुछ उदाहरण दीजिए।
Answer:
In 1755, Portugal’s capital Lisbon was completely destroyed. In 1993. Latur in Maharashtra was hit by a powerful earthquake in which 7.600 people died, about 16,000 injured and more than 3,000 houses were destroyed. In 2004, an earthquake killed about 1,00,000 people in Bhuj in Gujarat.

1755 में आये एक भूकम्प से पुर्तगाल की राजधानी लिस्बन पूरी तरह से तबाह हो . गई थी। महाराष्ट्र के लातूर में 1993 में आये एक भूकम्प में 7,600 लोग मारे गये और करीब 16,000 जख्मी हुए तथा 3,000 से ज्यादा घर नष्ट हो गये थे। 2004 में, भूकम्प ने गुजरात के भुज में करीब एक लाख लोगों की जान ली थी।

Question 4.
How does the continental drift theory explain earthquake?
महाद्वीपों के विचलन का सिद्धान्त भूकम्प की व्याख्या कैसे करता है?
Answer:
The continents created by the earth’s outer crust are floating on the softer and hotter rocks below. They are not stable. They are drifting apart very slowly. This movement causes stress to develop in the rocks below the surface. This results in earthquakes.

पृथ्वी की बाहरी सतह द्वारा बने महाद्वीप नीचे की गर्म और नर्म चट्टानों पर तैरते हैं। ये स्थिर नहीं है। ये बहुत धीमी गति से एक-दूसरे से दूर जा रहे हैं। इसके कारण नीचे की सतह की चट्टानों पर दबाव बनता है। इसके कारण भूकम्प आते हैं।

Question 5.
Give the location of the three major earthquake zones. (2009, 10)
तीन मुख्य भूकम्पीय क्षेत्रों की स्थिति बताइए।
Answer:
The first runs along the eastern coast of Asia to Alaska and the western coast of North America. It crosses to Mexico and goes up to the Caribbean Sea. The second goes down the Western coast of South America and the third runs across the south of Europe and North Africa, through Greece and Turkey into the middle of Asia.

पहला एशिया के पूर्वी तट से अलास्का और उत्तरी अमेरिका के पश्चिमी तट से होते हुएं मेक्सिको और फिर केरिबिआई समुद्र तक जाता है। दूसरा दक्षिणी अमेरिका के पश्चिमी तट पर स्थित है। और तीसरा दक्षिणी यूरोप और उत्तरी अफ्रीका के क्षेत्र से ग्रीस और टी होते हुए मध्य एशिया तक जाता है।

Question 6.
Describe how the gravitational theory explains earthquakes.
गुरुत्वाकर्षण का सिद्धान्त किस प्रकार से भूकम्प की व्याख्या करता है।
Answer:
At certain times, the sun and the moon exert a stronger gravitational pull. At these times a greater stress is exerted on the deep rocks of the earth and hence earthquakes become more likely.

कभी-कभी सूर्य और चन्द्रमा पृथ्वी पर ज्यादा गुरुत्वाकर्षण के खिंचाव का प्रयोग करते हैं। ऐसे समय पृथ्वी की अन्दरूनी चट्टानों पर अधिक दबाव पैदा होता है और भूकम्प की सम्भावना बढ़ जाती है।

Question 7.
What leads the scientists to believe that large water masses may be one of the major causes of earthquakes ?
वैज्ञानिकों को क्यों यह भरोसा हो रहा है कि पानी के बड़े भण्डार भूकम्प के प्रमुख कारण हो सकते हैं ?
Answer:
During 1960s a dam was built on the Deccan Plateau and in 1967 there was an earthquake nearby though it is not in an earthquake zone. Similarly, a dam in Kariba in Africa and another in French Alps were followed by earthquakes. Moreover, all the three major earthquake zones are in the vicinity of the Pacific Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. This has led scientists to believe that large water masses may be one of the major causes of earthquakes.

1960 के दशक में दक्षिण के पठार में एक बाँध बनाया गया और 1967 में उसके पास ही भूकम्प आया जबकि वह इलाका भूकम्पीय क्षेत्र में नहीं आता। इसी प्रकार अफ्रीका में करीवा में तथा फ्रेन्च आल्प्स में भी बाँध बनाये जाने के बाद भूकम्प आये। इतना ही नहीं, तीनों बड़े भूकम्पीय क्षेत्र प्रशान्त महासागर और मेडिटेरेनियन सागर के पास है। यही वे कारण जन्होंने वैज्ञानिकों को यह सोचने को मजबूर किया कि पानी के विशाल भण्डार भूकम्प का कारण हो सकते हैं।

C. Detail the causes of earthquake and suggest the steps you would like to undertake when it occurs (2016) or discuss ‘The enemy is the earth itself.’
भूकम्प के कारण समझाते हुए बताइए कि आप उसके आने पर क्या कदम उठाना चाहेंगे या चर्चा कीजिए ‘दुश्मन
तो पृथ्वी ही है।’
Answer:
The Enemy is the Earth itself Earthquakes are caused because of the structure of the earth. As a result of cooling, the outer surface of the earth turned into hard rocky plates. These are our present day continents. The inner core is still very hot and hence these continents are floating on the molten rocks under them. These continents are not stable and their movements create pressure on the rocks below. When. at some point, the pressure becomes too much, it is released. And this results in an earthquake. Hence, the enemy is the earth itself.

दुश्मन तो पृथ्वी ही है भूकम्प पृथ्वी की संरचना के कारण आते हैं। ठण्डे होने के कारण पृथ्वी की बाहरी सतह कड़ी चट्टान की प्लेटों के रूप में हो गई। ये हमारे महाद्वीप हैं। जबकि भीतरी सतह अब भी बहुत अधिक गर्म है और पिघली हुई चट्टानों के रूप में है। अत: हमारे महाद्वीप इन पर तैर रहे हैं। ये महाद्वीप स्थिर नहीं है और उनकी हलचल नीचे की चट्टानों पर दबाव बनाती है। जब किसी बिन्दु विशेष पर, यह दबाव अत्यधिक बढ़ जाता है तो इससे मुक्ति पाने की प्रक्रिया में भूकम्प होता है। अतः दुश्मन तो पृथ्वी ही है।

Language Practice

इस खण्ड के मूल प्रश्न व तालिकाएँ अपनी पाठ्य-पुस्तक में से देखिए। यहाँ केवल उनके उत्तर दिये जा रहे हैं।।
A. Find out the past participle form of the following verbs.
निम्नलिखित क्रियाओं की Past participle form दूँढ़ो।।
Answer:

seen
heard
said
told
eaten
drunk
slim
ran
walked
given
read
led.

B. Change the following sentences into Passive Voice.
निम्नलिखित वाक्यों को Passive Voice में बदलो।।
Answer:

Tea is made by him.
The key was hidden by her.
An application was written by them.
Animals are loved by children.
His salary was paid to him by them.
New doll was promised to Meena for her birthday by them.
All the questions will be answered by me.
New medicine will be prescribed to me by the doctor.
The latest news was told to me by a friend.
New instructions will be given to you by someone before you leave.

Can We Stop The Earthquakes Summary in Hindi

हमारे पैरों तले एक दुश्मन है एक ऐसा दुश्मन जो अपनी निष्पक्षता के कारण और ज्यादा खतरनाक है। इसके लिए राष्ट्रीय सीमाओं और राजनैतिक दलों का कोई महत्त्व नहीं है। संसार में प्रत्येक मनुष्य को इससे खतरा है। दुश्मन तो पृथ्वी ही है। जब भूकम्प आता है तो सारी पृथ्वी काँप उठती है। मनुष्य जिस मात्रा में शक्ति का उत्पादन कर सकता है, भूकम्प की शक्ति उससे कहीं अधिक होती है। लेकिन आजकल वैज्ञानिक भूकम्प का मुकाबला करने का प्रयत्न कर रहे हैं और सम्भव है कि कुछ ही समय में मानव जाति उससे अपना बचाव करने के साधन खोज लेगी।

भूकम्प बिना चेतावनी दिये आता है और जब वह आता है और जब वह जाता है तो उसकी शक्ति बहुत अधिक होती है। उससे आधुनिक शहरों में भी वैसा ही विनाश होता है जैसा गाँव में। गैस की पाइप लाइनें फट जाती हैं, विस्फोट होते हैं, आग लग जाती है। भूमिगत रेलवे तहस-नहस हो जाती है। बड़ी-बड़ी इमारतें ध्वस्त हो जाती हैं, बांध फूट जाते हैं, पुल टूट जाते हैं, सड़कों में बड़ी-बड़ी दरारें पड़ जाती हैं। यदि यह पहाड़ी इलाके में आता है तो भारी हिमस्खलन होता है। पुराने आँकड़े देखें तो दिल दहल उठता है। ऐसा अनुमान है कि गुजरात के भुज में आये भूकम्प में करीब एक लाख लोग मारे गये थे, कई गाँव नेस्तनाबूद हो गये थे। इससे पहले महाराष्ट्र के लातूर में आए भूकम्प में 7600 लोग मारे गये और 16000 जख्मी हुए थे और करीब 3000 घर नष्ट हो गये थे। 1968 में अलास्का में भूकम्प आया था। क्योंकि यह एक कम आबादी वाला इलाका है, अतः जानमाल का नुकसान तो कम

हुआ था लेकिन वह इतना शक्तिशाली था कि भूवैज्ञानिकों के अनुसार उसने एक विशाल इलाके को प्रशान्त महासागर में करीब-करीब 80 फुट पश्चिम की ओर ठेल दिया था। चलों देखें कि भूकम्प क्या है और उसके आने के कारण क्या है ? पृथ्वी के प्राचीन इतिहास में, जब वह ठण्डी हो रही थी उस समय, ऊपर की सतह के ठण्डे होने से कई द्वीपों का जन्म हुआ जो नीचे के गर्म लावे पर तैरते हैं। जैसे लकड़ी पानी पर तैरती है। ये द्वीप तैरते हुए एक-दूसरे से दूर होते गये और आज इन द्वीपों को हम महाद्वीप के रूप में देख रहे हैं। ये अभी भी स्थिर नहीं हैं। इनकी हलचल के कारण नीचे की चट्टानों पर दबाव बनता है और फिर वह कभी-कभार भूकम्प के रूप में फूट पड़ता है।

‘पृथ्वी पर तीन ऐसे बड़े क्षेत्र हैं जहाँ भूकम्प आने की सम्भावना अधिक रहती है। वैज्ञानिक इन्हें भूकम्पीय क्षेत्र कहते हैं। पहला एशिया महाद्वीप के पूर्वी किनारे पर जापान से अलास्का होकर उत्तरी अमेरिका के पश्चिमी किनारे और फिर मेक्सिको से कैरीबिआई सागर तक फैला है। दूसरा, दक्षिणी अमेरिका के पश्चिमी किनारे पर स्थित है तथा तीसरा यूरोप के दक्षिणी भाग और अफ्रीका के उत्तरी भाग से होकर ग्रीस तथा टी होता हुआ मध्य एशिया तक फैला है। इसके अतिरिक्त कई छोटे-छोटे क्षेत्र भी हैं। यदि दुनिया के नक्शे पर तुम पिछले वर्षों में आये भूकम्प चिह्नित करो तो पाओगे कि सभी इन क्षेत्रों में पड़ते हैं। अत: वैज्ञानिकों के लिए यह कहना तो सम्भव है कि भूकम्प कहाँ आ सकता है पर यह नहीं कि वह कब आयेगा। ऐसा अनुमान है कि एक बड़ा भूकम्प केलिफोर्निया में आयेगा पर वह अभी से अगले 8,000 वर्ष के बीच कभी भी आ सकता है। अत: उस शहर को खाली कराना व्यवहार- गम्य नहीं लगता।

भूकम्प का एक कारण आकाश में सूर्य और चन्द्रमा की स्थिति हो सकता है, क्योंकि कभी-कभी इनके द्वारा पृथ्वी पर अधिक गुरुत्वाकर्षणीय खिंचाव पैदा कर दिया जाता है। ऐसे समय में पृथ्वी की भीतरी चट्टानों पर अधिक दबाव बन सकता है। एक अन्य कारण ‘चान्डलर वॉबल’ के नाम से जाना जाता है। यह पृथ्वी के अपनी धुरी पर घूमने के साथ-साथ सूर्य का चक्कर लगाने में स्थान परिवर्तन के कारण पैदा हुई डगमगाहट है।

एक तीसरा कारण भी है जो वैज्ञानिकों को यह आशा बँधा रहा है कि भविष्य में वे भूकम्प से लड़ने में सक्षम हो सकेंगे। भारत के दक्षिणी पठार में 1960 के दशक में एक बाध बनाया गया और 1967 में उस इलाके में भयंकर भूकम्प आया जबकि पहले इस क्षेत्र में कभी भूकम्प नहीं आया था। इसी प्रकार अफ्रीका में करीबा बांध व फ्रेन्च आल्प्स में भी बांध बनाने के बाद तथा ग्रीस में एक अप्राकृतिक झील बनाने के बाद भूकम्प आए थे। इन सभी में एक सामान्य गुणक है पानी, और क्या यह संयोग मात्र है कि प्रमुख भूकम्पीय क्षेत्र पानी के बड़े स्रोतों के पास हैं-प्रशान्त महासागर, मेडिटरेनियन सागर ? अब वैज्ञानिकों ने इस दिशा में सोचना शुरू कर दिया है कि शायद पानी पृथ्वी के नीचे की चट्टानों में प्रवेश कर चिकनाहट पैदा करता हो। जहाँ चट्टानें एक-दूसरे को अधिक तीव्रता से दबाती है वहाँ पानी की उपस्थिति भूकम्प पैदा कर देती हो। यदि ऐसा है तो छोटे-छोटे भूकम्प पैदा कर बड़े भूकम्पों से बचा जा सकता है।

भूकम्पों के अध्ययन का काम भूस्पन्दन शास्त्र करता है। विभिन्न भूस्पन्दन केन्द्रों पर, जो सारे विश्व में फैले हुए हैं, पृथ्वी के नीचे की सूक्ष्म से सूक्ष्म हलचल को मापा जाता है, उसे अंकित किया जाता है व उसका लेखा-जोखा रखा जाता है। __जब भूकम्प आते हैं तो हम उन्हें देख सकते हैं, उन्हें माप सकते हैं और थोड़ा बहुत यह भी अन्दाज लगा सकते है कि वे कहाँ आयेंगें। भूकम्पीय क्षेत्रों में हम भूकम्परोधी मकान बना सकते है और शायद आने वाले दिनों में भूकम्पों की पेशबन्दी कर सकेंगे। पर फिलहाल तो हमें इन्तजार करते रहना है। इन्तजार एक गड़गड़ाहट का, जमीन के हिलने का, अट्टालिकाओं के धराशायी होने का और उनमें दबे लोगों की चीत्कार का। -समाचार-पत्र लेख

Can We Stop The Earthquakes Word Meanings of Difficult Words

MP Board Class 11th English The Spectrum Solutions Chapter 9 Can We Stop The Earthquakes 1

MP Board Class 11th English Solutions

The Spectrum Textbook General English Class 11th Solutions

Sir Roger at Home Question Answer Class 11 English A Voyage Chapter 17 MP Board

February 10, 2025February 9, 2025 by Bhagya

Class 11 English A Voyage Chapter 17 Sir Roger at Home Questions and Answers

Sir Roger at Home Class 11th Question Answer

Word Power

Question 1.
Differentiate between the following groups of words and use them in sentence’s of your own:
staid, stayed
knight, night
person, parson
heard, herd
cast, caste
parish, perish
Answer:

Staid: My father is a sober and staid person.
Stayed: I stayed in Shimla for a weak.
Knight: The knight fell down from the horse.
Might: I am very fond of night show film.
Person: My father is a gentle person.
Parson: The parson became popular among his followers.
Heard: The news that I heard in the morning disturbed me.
Herd: A herd of cattle is grazing in the field.
Cast: Every adult Indian has the right to cast his/her vote.
Caste: Caste feeling still exists in our society.
Parish: He is a priest of a large rural parish.
Perish: Several people were perished in the fire.

Question 2.
Use the following phrases in sentences of your own: pass away at ease in good humour acquiesce in go on approve of
Answer:

pass away: He passes away his time leisurely.
at ease: I feel at easy with him.
in good humour: I always find my partner in good humour.
acquiesce in: A do not acquiesce in his decision.
go on: What is going on now a days?
approve of: Do you approve of my idea?

Question 3.
Give antonyms of the following:
country
pleasure
ancient
dependent approve
Answer:

Country – city
Pleasure – displeasure
Ancient – modem
Dependent – independent
Approve – disapprove.

Comprehension

I. Choose the correct answer from the given alternatives.

Question 1.
Where did the writer go with Sir Roger?
(a) guest house
(b) country-house
(c) farm house
(d) country club
Answer:
(b) country-house

Question 2.
What, according to Sir Roger, did the writer hate most?
(a) being stared at
(b) being talked about
(c) being ordered about
(d) none of the above
Answer:
(a) being stared at

Question 3.
Which of the following is the reason why the servants never thought of leaving Sir Roger ‘s service
(a) Sir Roger never visited his country house
(b) He was the best master in the world
(c) He was very painstaking
(d) He was very inconsiderate
Answer:
(b) He was the best master in the world

Question 4.
Why does Sir Roger show much tenderness and consideration towards the old dog?
(a) because he had grown old with the dog
(b) because the dog belonged to his father
(c) because the dog belonged to his wife
(d) because of the past service of the dog
Answer:
(d) because of the past service of the dog

Question 5.
In whose care was the author put when he visited the country- house of Sir Roger?
(a) butler
(b) valet de chamber
(c) groom
(d) coachman
Answer:
(a) butler

Question 6.
We are told that one of the domestics of Roger lived with him for thirty years. Who is that man?
(a) The groom
(b) The chaplain
(c) The coachman
(d) The valet de chambre
Answer:
(b) The chaplain

Question 7.
Which of the following is not a characteristic of the Chaplain?
(a) clear voice
(b) sociable temper
(c) ability to play backgammon
(d) carping behaviour
Answer:
(c) ability to play backgammon

Question 8.
Sir Roger wanted the Chaplain to deliver sermons even’ week. What sort of sermons he wanted the Chaplain to deliver?
(a) sermons written by Sir Roger
(b) sermons written by Addison
(c) sermons written by famous Divines
(d) sermons written by Chaplain
Answer:
(c) sermons written by famous Divines

Question 9.
“There has not been a law-suit in the parish since he has lived among them.” Who is the “he” of the state ‘ it?
(a) Addison
(b) Sir Roger
(c) The Butler
(d) The Chaplain
Answer:
(d) The Chaplain

Question 10.
Match the person in column. A with their characteristics in column B
(a) groom – (i) humourist
(b) coachman – (ii) grave person
(c) chaplain – (iii) A humourist
(d) Sir Roger – (iv) A venerable man
Answer:
(a) (ii), (b) (iii), (c) (iv), (d) (i).

II. Answer the following questions in one sentence each:

Question 1.
Where was Addison invited by Sir Roger to stay with him?
Answer:
Addison was invited by Sir Roger to stay with him at his county- house

Question 2.
Who among the servants of Sir Roger looked like his brother?
Answer:
The valet de chambre looked like Sir Roger’s brother.

Question 3.
Who among the domestic servants of Sir Roger looks like a – priry-counciller?
Answer:
Sir Roger’s coachman looks like a priry-councillor.

Question 4.
Why did tears come in the eyes of the servants when Sir Roger came home?
Answer:
Tears came in the eyes of the servants when Sir Roger came home ; because he (Sir Roger) was a good man who always took great care of them.

Question 5.
Who among the domestic servants of Sic Roger is a very prudent man?
Answer:
Sir Roger’s butler is a very prudent man.

Question 6.
Sir Roger diverted his time “in the woods”. What does “in the ; woods” mean?
Answer:
“In the woods” means “in the jungle”.

Question 7.
Who among the domestics of Sir Roger lives with him more as a relation than a dependent?
Answer:
Sir Roger’s Chaplain lives with him more as a relation than a dependent.

Question 8.
Why did Sir Roger not want to be insulted by Latin and Greek ‘ at his table?
Answer:
Sir Roger did not want to be insulted by Latin and Greek at his table because he had a little knowledge about Latin and Greek.

Question 9.
How much annuity has been settled upon the chaplain?
Answer:
The Chaplain has been settled upon the endowments and other privileges whatever he wants. He is offered the personage of the parish.

Question 10.
Should country clergy waste their time in composing their own sermons?
Answer:
No, country clergy should not waste their time in composing their own sermons.

III. Answer the following questions in fifty-sixty words each:

Question 1.
Write about the manner in which Addison spent his days at the country-seat of the Sir Roger?
Answer:
Addison w as allowed to rise and go to bed at his own pleasure. It was up to him whether he dined at Sir Roger’s table or in his own chamber.He was not objected for anything.

Question 2.
Write a note in the domestics of Sir Roger and their qualities?
Answer:
Sir Roger’s family consisted of all sober and staid persons. The master himself possessed all the good qualities. He never changes his servants nor his servants wish to leave him for his good qualities They had grown old with the house.

Question 3.
Why has there been no litigation in Coverley since the Chaplain came there?
Answer:
The Chaplain was a good natured man. He was a nice gentleman He was wise and practical enough to manage any critical situation. He was a good councillor. It was his managing skills that no litigation prolonged since he came there.

Question 4.
Write a note on the way in which the Chaplain made his speeches from the pulpit.
Answer:
When Sir Roger asked the Chaplain to pronounce one of the sermons every Sunday, he digested them into such a series, that they follow one another naturally and matte continued system of practical divinity.

Question 5.
Who was a mixture of the father and the master of the family?
Answer:
Sir Roger was a good natured man. The writer calls him a mixture of the father and the master of the family. He cared all the servants as the members of the family. He never charged any of them. No servant of his ever wanted to leave him. They were all ready to do anything for him.

IV. Answer the following questions in a paragraph:

Question 1.
What qualities did Sir Roger want in a Chaplain? How did he get such a Chaplain?
Answer:
Sir Roger wanted that a Chaplain should be a good, scholar. He should be a plain and ordinary man with list learning and regular life, sociable temper. The Chaplain whom Sir Roger employed was really a nice gentleman with all the good qualities. He was a man with managing skills, good oration, full devotion and dedication to his work. He was a good councillor.

Question 2.
Sir Roger was called a humourist. Why?
Answer:
Sir Roger was a min of all good qualities. He w as a lovable man He. is called a humourist because he cared for all his servants equally. He himself tried to Jeep the family-environment always pleasant. He tried to amuse them. He never cared for any mistake of his men. He always diverted himself in words. He never changed his servants nor his servants wished to go from his house. He was a mMure of a good father and a master.

Speaking Activity :

Divide the class into two groups. One group to speak about the character of the knight Sir Roger. The other should speak about the character of Parson. You should speak about the characters in the First person. For example:
I am Sir Roger …………
I am the Parson of ………..
Answer:
Class Activity’.

Read the following passage and answer the questions that follows
(Read the passage on Textbook page – 136)

Questions:
(i) Who is the person of ancient descent?
(ii) Who was the inventor of the country-dance “Coverley”?
(in) What is the source of the singularities of Sir Roger?
(iv) Give a suitable title of to the above passage?
(v) Use each word form the following pairs of words in a separate sentence to bring out the difference in

their meanings.
Descent – decent
Proceed – precede
Form – farm

(vi) Use the following phrases in sentences of your own:
Ancient decent, Call after, By reason
Answers:
(i) Sir Roger de Coverley is a person of an ancient descent.
(ii) Sir Roger de Coverley’s great grandfather was the inventor of the country-dance ‘Coverly’.
(Hi) His grandfather’s decency was the source of his singularities.
(iv) Sir Roger de Coverley and his qualities.
(v) Descent-He is of Scottish descent.

decent-I like his decent behaviour.
proceed-Now that our plans are settled let us proceed.
precede-Are you certain the minister’s statement preceded that of the President?
form-The Indian cricketers are not in form now a days.
farm-He is the owner of a big farm.

(vi) ancient descent-The knight comes of an ancient descent.
Call after -By reason – He remained bachelor by reason he was crossed in love by a perverse lady.

Think it Over

Think about person/persons you know of who have been with the family for ages and list out all their qualities, advice, decision, services rendered by all the family members. Give reason for such thought, out of respect, consideration of age, devotion to the family. Write these in a tabulated Form

S.No	Qualities	Feelings of the family member	reasons
1. 2. 3.

Think to Do

Read some other periodical essays by Goldsmith and Dr. Johnson and list them in order of preferences and give reasons for the same.
Answer:
Do it yourself

Sir Roger at Home Summary in English

‘Sir Roger At Home’ is a recollection of some memories of the writer of his stay with a friend for some days at his country house. Roger, a friend of the writer, had invited him. He was aware of the habits and tastes of the writer. So, during his stay he never objected to any of his behaviour or habit. The writer was very much comfortable with the family of Roger which consisted of all so ber persons. The knight was the best master in the world.

He had never changed her servants. The servants and other related l persons grew old with the knight. The good old knight was a mixture the father and the master of the family. All the members were in good humour The writer was put under the particular care of Roger’s butler. Other members were also very much friendly at his service. Roger himself was always diverting himself in the woods or the fields. Writer’s chief companion was a very’ venerable man living in Roger’s house for more than thirty years. He was actually a gentleman with a good sense and some learning. He had very cordial relation with all the members of the family.

Sir Roger with all his good qualities was a humourist. His virtues as ; well as imperfections were tenged with certain extravagance which made him something different. He was a delightful man. The writer’s friend told him that the person was very considerate and could manage every’ situation well. When he first settled with Roger, Roger made him a present of all the good sermons printed in English. Roger requested him to pronounce one of them in the pulpit every Sunday. Accordingly the man digested them into such a series that they followed one after the other naturally. It was really interesting.

In the meantime the gentleman they were talking about came there and began to discuss about the sermon that was to be preached the next day, for it was a Saturday night. Then he showed them the list of preachers for the whole year. The writer realized and approved the quality of the good aspects and a clear voice of the man. He appeared to be a graceful actor. The writer wished , that more of the country elergy would follow such a man. Instead of washing their spirits in labourious composition of their own they should concentrate upon handsome elocution. They should not only I be easier to themselves but more edifying to the people.

Sir Roger at Home Summary in Hindi

‘Sir Roger At Home’ लेखक के अपने एक मित्र के देहाती घर पर बिताये गए कुछ दिनों की यादों का संग्रह है। Roger जो लेखक का मित्र है, उन्हें उसे आमंत्रित किया था। वह लेखक की आदतों और रुचियों से अवगत था। इसीलिए उसके ठहरने के दौरान उसने व्यवहार और आदतों के लिए कभी कोई आपत्ति नहीं जताई। लेखक Roger के परिवार जो भद्र लोगों का समूह था, के साथ मजे से रहा। नाइट (Roger) दुनिया का सबसे अच्छा मालिक था। उसने कभी कोई नौकर नहीं बदला। उसके नौकर और अन्य जुड़े हुए लोग उसके साथ ही बढ़े थे। भला बुढा नाइट एक परिवार के पिता और मालिक का मिश्रण था। सभी सदस्य हँसते-खेलते स्वभाव के थे। लेखक को Roger के रसोइये के विशेष देखरेख में रखा गया था। दूसरे सदस्य भी सहदय उसकी सेवा में तत्पर थे। Roger स्वयं अपना समय जंगलों और खेतों में बिताता

था। लेखक का मुख्य साथी Roger के घर में तीस वर्ष से अधिक अवधि से रहने वाला एक बहुत ही नम्र व्यक्ति था। दरअसल वह कुछ पढ़ा-लिखा अच्छे समझ का एक भद्र पुरुष था। परिवार में सभी सदस्य के साथ उसके अच्छे संबंध थे। Sir Roger अपने सभी गुणों के साथ विनोदी प्रकृति का व्यक्ति था। उसके गुण और अवगुण कुछ अतिश्योक्ति से मिले हुए थे जिससे वह कुछ अलग दिखाता था। वह मजेदार व्यक्ति था। लेखक के मित्र ने बताया कि वह व्यक्ति समझदार था और हर परिस्थिति को अच्छी तरह संभाल लेता था। जब वह पहली बार Roger के साथ रहने आया तो Roger ने अंग्रेजी में छपे हुए अच्छे उपदेशों का उपहार उसे दिया। Roger ने उससे अनुरोध किया कि वह प्रति रविवार उनमें से एक उपदेश सुनाए।

इसके अनुसार उस व्यक्ति ने उन्हें श्रृंखलाबद्ध इस तरह याद कर लिया कि वे स्वाभाविक रूप से एक के बाद एक स्वत: निकल पड़ते थे। यह सही में मनोरंजक था। इसी समय वह भद्र पुरुष जिसके बारे में वे बात कर रहे थे, वहाँ आया और उस उपदेश की चर्चा करने लगा जो उसे अगले दिन सुनाना था क्योंकि वह शनिवार की रात थी। तब उसने उन्हें पूरे वर्ष के उपदेशकों की एक सचि दिखाई। लेखक ने यह महसूस किया और उसके अच्छे गुण और साफ आवाज को मान लिया। वह एक गंभीर कलाकार लगता था। लेखक कामना करता है कि अधिक-से-अधिक गाँवों के पादरी इस व्यक्ति का अनुसरण करें। अपनी रचनाओं पर अपना समय बर्बाद करने से बेहतर वे अच्छे व्याख्यान पर ध्यान दें। यह उनके लिए न ज्यादा आसान होगा बल्कि लोगों के लिए भी श्रेयस्कर होगा।

Sir Roger at Home Word Meaning

MP Board Class 11th English A Voyage Solutions Chapter 17 Sir Roger at Home 1

Sir Roger at Home Comprehension

Read the following passages carefully and answer the questions that follow:

1. Sir Roger, who is very well acquainted with my humour, lets me rise and go to bed when I please; dine at his own table, or in my chamber, as I think fit; sit still, and say nothing, without bidding me be merry. When the gentlemen of the country come to see him, he only shows me at a distance. As I have been walking in his fields, I have observed them stealing a sight of me over an hedge, and have heard the knight desiring them not to let me see them, for that I hated to be stared at.

Questions:

(i) Who is ‘I’ in these lines?
(ii) Who is talked about in these lines?
(iii) What the narrator had observed while walking in the fields?
(iv) What is the meaning of ‘acquainted with’?
Answers:
(i) ‘I’ is the writer himself in these lines.
(ii) Sir Roger is talked about in these lines.
(iii) While walking in the fields the narrator had observed the family members looking at him silently.
(iv) “known”

2. At the same time the good old knight, with a mixture of the father and the master of the family, tempered the inquiries after his own affairs with several kin,d of questions relating to themselves. This humanity and good nature engages everybody to him, so that when he is pleasant upon any of them, all his family are in good humour, and none so much as the person whom he diverts himself with: on the contrary, if he coughs, or betrays any infirmity of old age, it is easy for a startder-by to observe a secret concern in the looks of all his servants.

Questions:
(i) What virtues of the old knight were described here?
(ii) What made him a lovable person?
(iii) How were the servants ready to serve him?
(iv) Give a word from the passage opposite in meaning to ‘open’?
Answers:
(i) The virtues of the old knight talked about in these lines w ere that he was a mixture of the father and the master of the family.
(ii) The master’s humanity and good nature made him a lovable person.
(iii) The servants were ready to do everything for the master.
(iv) ‘secret’.

3. I have observed in several of my papers, that my friend Sir Roger, amidst all his good qualities, is something of an humourist; and that his virtues, as well as imperfections, are, as it were, finged by a certain extravagance, which make them particularly his, and distinguishes them from those of other men. This cast of mind, as it is generally very innocent in itself, so it renders his conversation highly agreeable and more delightful than the same degree of sense and virtue would appear in their common and ordinary colours.

Questions:
(i) What had the writer observed about his friend Sir Roger?
(ii) What made Sir Roger different from other men?
(iii) What .was unique about Sir Roger?
(iv) Give a similar word from the passage for‘acceptable’.
Answers: .
(i) The writer had observed that his friend Sir Roger was a humourist.
(ii) Roger’s virtues as well as imperfections were tinged by a certain extravagance. This is made him different from the other men.
(iii) Roger was highly agreeable and more delightful than a common or ordinary man. It was unique about him.
(iv) ‘agreeable’.

4. He was now’ been with me thirty years, and though he does not know I have taken notice of it, has never in all that time asked anything of me for himself, though he is every’ day soliciting me for something in behalf of one or other of my tenants, his parishioners. These has not been a lawsuit in the parish since he has lived among them: if any dispute arises, they apply themselves to him for the decision; if they do not acquiesce in his judgement, which I think never happened above once, or twice at most, they appeal to me. At his first setting with me, I made him a present of all good sermons which have been printed in English, and only begged of him that every Sunday he would pronounce one of them in the pulpit. Accordingly, he has digested them into such a series, that they follow one another naturally, and make a continued system of practical divinity

Questions:
(i) Who is talked about in these lines?
(ii) For how long the gentlemen living with Roger?
(iii) What did Roger present him?
(iv) What did Roger asked him to do?
(v) What is the meaning of ‘begged of’?
Answers:
(i) A good old gentleman is talked about in these lines.
(ii) He had been living with the Roger for more than thirty years.
(iii) One day Roger presented him a collection of good sermons printed in English.
(iv) Roger asked him to pronounce one of the sermons even,’ Sunday.
(v) ‘requested’.

MP Board Class 11th English Solutions

MP Board Class 11th English A Voyage Textbook

A Cup of Tea Question Answer Class 11 English A Voyage Chapter 24 MP Board

February 10, 2025February 9, 2025 by Bhagya

Class 11 English A Voyage Chapter 24 A Cup of Tea Questions and Answers

A Cup of Tea Class 11th Question Answer

Word Power

Question 1.
Use the following Phrasal verbs in sentences of your own.

Well off
Pull up
Take off
Put out
Part with (something)
Point out
Look after
Bowl over
Answer:

Well off- he belongs to a well off family.
Pull up – He pulled his sleeve up.
Take off – The plane has just taken off.
Put out – Please put off the candle.
Part with (something) – He was ready to part with all his belongings for the nation.
Point out -I pointed out the fatal mistake in this case.
Look after – There is no one to look after the child.
Bowl over – This leader has bowled over the public with his talent.

Question 2.
Frame sentences to distinguish the following pairs of words:

read- red
too – two, to
one – won
pale – pail
blue – blew
scent – sent
stair – stare
price – prize
ghastly – ghostly
sweet – sweat

Answer:
read – red
read – I have read this book.
red-My favourite colour is red.

too – two, to
too – The bag is too heavy
two -I have two pens.
to – He went to the market.

one – won
one – He is a one eyed-man.
won – The team won the match.

pale – pail
pale – His face became pale out of fear.
pail – He fetched a part of water.

blue – blew
blue – The colour of sky is blue.
blew – The strong wind blew over many huts.

scent- sent
scent -I like the scent of this brand.
Sent – I have sent a letter to the authority.

stairstare
stair – The old man could not mount the stairs
stare – They stare at me.

price – prize
price – What is the price of this soap.
prize – I got a prize for achieving good marks in the examinations.

ghastly – ghostly
ghastly – He was murdered ghastly.
ghostly – There was a ghostly sound in the vicinity.

sweet – sweat
sweet – She has got a sweet voice.
Sweat – Excess of sweating is not good.

Comprehension

I. Here is provided a summary of the story “A Cup of Tea.” But the sequence has been disturbed. Put the sentences in proper order:
1. Rosemary Fell was young and handsome woman.
2. Rosemary loved to throw parties in which many important people participated.
3. Rosemary was always well-dressed
4. The girl asked Rosemary “would you let me have price of a cup of tea?” t
5. The Fells were really rich people,
6. The girl started to weep and said, “If I don’t get something to eat at once, I would faint,”
7. Rosemary said, “I am not so cruel”. ‘
8. The girl agreed to accompany Rosemary to her residence.
9. Rosemary saw a girl standing outside the antique shop,
10. The girl was wet and shivering,
11. Rosemary gave the girl some money and asked her to leave
12. Rosemary husband’said, “The girl is absolutely lovely.”
13. Rosemary told her husband that the girl went away.
14. .When the girl was having tea Rosemary’s husband saw her.
15. Rosemary asked the girl if she had no money in her pocket.
16. Rosemary took the girl to her house.
17. The girl suspected that Rosemary would take her to the police station.
18. Rosemary became jealous of the little girl. ,
19. Rosemary wanted to be called “pretty” by her husband.
20. Rosemary asked her husband, “Do you like me?”
Answer:
The above sentences can be put in the following pattern:

Rosemary Fell was young and handsome woman
Rosemary loved to throw parties in which many important people ‘participated.
Rosemary was always well dressed.
The Fells were really rich people.
Rosemary saw a girl standing outside the antique Shop.
The girl asked Rosemary “would you let me have price of a cup of tea?”
The girl was wet and shivering.
Rosemary asked the girl if she had no money in her pocket.
The girl agreed to accompany Rosemary to her residence.
Rosemary took the girl to her house.
The girl suspected that Rosemary would take her to the police station.
Rosemary said, “I am not so cruel.”
The girl started to weep and said, “If I don’t get something to eat at once, I would faint.”
When the girl was having tea Rosemary’s husband saw her,
Rosemary husband said, “The girl is absolutely lovely.”
Rosemary became jealous of the little girl.
Rosemary gave the girl some money and asked her to leave.
Rosemary told her husband that the girl went away.
Rosemary asked her husband, “Do you like me?”
Rosemary wanted to be called “pretty” by her husband.

II. Write answers the following questions in about 150 words each:

Question 1.
Write a summary of the story ‘A Cup of Tea’ in your own words.
Answer:
See the summary in English.

Question 2.
Justify the title of the story ‘A Cup of Tea’.
Answer:
‘A Cup of Tea’ is an interesting story by Katherine Mansfield. She has appropriately chosen this title. The story throws light on the lifestyle of different women for whom fashion and show remain the ends of life. They miss no chance to show off their affluence by going for antiques and old books. This story writer brings out the contrast between the rich and the poor. The real story is centralized around the matter of a cup of tea.

A poor little girl asks Rosemary Fell for a price of cup of tea. Out of generous show off her affluence, Rosemary takes her home. She offers tea and snacks to the poor girl? In the meantime her husband Philip comes. He is surprised to see the poor girl who appears to him pretty and dovely when Rosemary knows it she becomes jealous of the poor girl. She Offers some money to her and asks her to go away. The story ends over a cup of tea. So the title is most suited.

Question 3.
Write a character-sketch of Rosemary highlighting:
(a) her appearance
(b) her hobbies
(c) her’affluence
(d) her sense of kindness
(J) her eccentricity
(g) her jealousy
Answer:
Rosemary Fell is the most prominent character in the story. She is young, brilliant, extremely modem, exquisitely well-dressed and amazingly well-read lady. She belongs to an affluent family. She likes to enjoy the parties of important people and artists. She is also fascinated for shopping and antique collection. The shop-keepers flatter her.

Rosemary is of generous nature. When she comes across a poor girl asking for the price for a cup of tea, she feels pity for her. She takes her home. She provides her tea and snacks. She becomes too much eccentric to the poor girl, so she provides her with her coat and other comforts also.

After all she has a heart of a lady. When her husband comes, he becomes . attracted to the girl. He asks Rosemary to take the girl to the dinner. He also says that the girl is pretty and lovely . This makes Rosemary jealous of the girl. Then suddenly her mind turns. She offers some money to the girl and asks her to go away at once.

Question 4.
Write a character-sketch of the poor girl, Miss Smith in your own words, covering the following aspects:
(a) her poverty
(b) her beauty
(c) her timidity
(d) her distrusting nature
(e) her behaviour
Answer:
Miss Smith is a poor girl with a major role in the story. First she appears when Rosemary Fell comes out of ah-antique shop. It is raining.The girl asks Rosemary for the price of a cup of tea. Rosemary turns to the ; girl who was extraordinary. She takes the girl home. She provides her with i her coat. The girl is no doubt beautiful. Though poor she looks confident. I Philip, Rosemary’s husband is surprised to see her. He is much attracted to j her, that he wants to take her to dinner.

The girl is looking somewhat timid for poverty. First she suspects whether Rosemary would send tier to the police. Her behaviour is childish. She is fascinating. She behaves like a nursery child. She is amazed to see the things in Rosemary’s house. Rosemary offers her some money and ask her to go away out of jealousy. Very innocently Miss Smith goes away. Learn the following special uses in the text
(See text book pages 214-215)

Question 5.
Find examples of double negative, imperatives and exclamations in other texts you read.
Answer:
Do yourself.

A Cup of Tea Summary in English

‘A Cup of Tea’ is a story which focuses on the life-style of affluent class of people. Rosemary Fell was a lady of not a perfect beauty nor was she completely negligible. It means if described into pieces she was young, brilliant, extremely modem, exquisitely well-dressed and amazingly well read in the newest of the new books. She always enjoyed the parties of important people and artists. She had been married two years ago. She had a family of two children and a loving husband. Her family was rich and so was her choice. She always liked to shop in a perfect shop in Regent Street. She liked to collect antiques.

One day near the antique shop of Curzon Street she found a girl asking for the price of a cup pf tea. The girl was simple, but extraordinary. Out of adventure Rosemary took her home. She thought to prove her self to be a real ideal character. She brought her home and provided her all comforts. She offered her coat to her. She was very much interested in her and wanted to listen to her story. The girl was only interested in a cup of tea. Rosemary provided her with all sorts of food along with the tea. The girl ate with satisfaction. In the meantime Philip, Rosemary’s husband came. He was surprised,to see the girl.

Philip asked Rosemary to come to the library. He wanted to know who was the girl. However, he also wished to take her to dinner that night. He praised the girl and said that she was pretty. This appreciation aroused a jealousy in Rosemary’s mind. She took five pound notes in her hand. Again she put two of them back. She gave three notes to the girl and asked her to go away. Still the words of her husband ‘pretty, lovely’ were haunting in her mind. Then she came to the library and informed Philip that the girl had gone. She was not willing to stay anymore. However Rosemary prepared herself to look beautiful She asked her husband whether she was pretty.

A Cup of Tea Summary in Hindi

‘ACup of Tea’ एक ऐसी कहानी है जो उच्च वर्ग के लोगों की जीवन-शैली पर प्रकाश डालती है। रोजमेरी फेल एक सम्पूर्ण सौंदर्यवाली महिला नहीं थी, लेकिन वह बिल्कुल नकारा भी नहीं थी। इसका अर्थ है कि यदि उसे अलग-अलग टुकड़ों में वर्णित किया जाए तो वह जवान, सुन्दर, अत्याधुनिक, अतिसुसज्जित और आश्चर्यजनक नवीनतम पुस्तकों को पढ़ी हुई थी। वह हमेशा महत्त्वपूर्ण लोगों और कलाकारों की पार्टियों का आनंद उठाती थी। दो वर्ष पहले उसकी शादी हुई थी। उसके परिवार में दो बच्चे थे और एक प्यारा पति था। उसका परिवार धनी था और उसकी चाहत थी। वह हमेशा रीजेन्ट स्ट्रीट की दुकान में खरीदारी बकरना पसंद करती थी। प्राचीन वस्तुओं का संग्रह उसे पसंद था। एक दिन कर्जन स्ट्रीट के निकट प्राचीन वस्तु बेचने वाली दुकान के पास उसे एक लड़की मिली, जो उससे एक कप चाय के लिए पैसे मांग रही थी। वह एक साधारण लेकिन अद्भुत लड़की थी।

एक नए जोश में आकर रोजमेरी उसे अपने घर ले आयी। वह अपने को एक सचमुच आदर्श चरित्र साबित करना चाहती थी। वह उसे घर लाकर उसे सभी-आराम मुहैया कराये। उसने उसे अपना कोट दिया। वह उस लड़की में बहुत रुचि ले रही थी और उसकी कहानी सुनना चाहती थी। लड़की की रुचि केवल एक कप चाय में थी। रोजमेरी ने चाय के साथ उसे हर प्रकार का खाना दिया। लड़की संतुष्ट होकर खायी। इसी बीच रोजमेरी का पति फिलिप वहां आया। वह लड़की को देखकर चौंक गया। फिलिप ने रोजमेरी को लाइब्रेरी में आने को कहा। वह जानना चाहता था कि लड़की की कौन है। उसने उसे उस रात डिनर पर ले जाने की इच्छा जताई। उसने लड़की की प्रशंसा की और कहा कि वह सुंदर है। इस प्रशंसा ने रोजमेरी के दिमाग में लड़की के प्रति जलन पैदा कर दी। उसने अपने हाथ में पाँच पाउण्ड का नोट रखा, फिर उसने उसमें से दो वापस रख लिया। उसने लड़की को तीन नोट दिए और उसे वहाँ से चले जाने को कहा। अभी भी उसके दिमाग में उसके पति के शब्द ‘सुन्दर, प्यारी’ गूंज रहे थे। अब वह लाइब्रेरी में आयी और फिलिप को बताया कि वह लड़की जा चुकी है क्योंकि वह वहां से अधिक नहीं रुकना चाहती थी। रोजमेरी अपने को सुंदर दिखाने के लिए तैयार किया। उसने अपने पति से पूछा कि क्या वह सुन्दर दिख रही है?

A Cup of Tea Word Meaning
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MP Board Class 11th English Solutions

MP Board Class 11th English A Voyage Textbook