MP Board Class 8th Maths Solutions Chapter 3 Understanding Quadrilaterals Ex 3.2

MP Board Class 8th Maths Solutions Chapter 3 Understanding Quadrilaterals Ex 3.2

MP Board Class 8 Maths Chapter 3 Exercise 3.2 Question 1.
Find x in the following figures.
MP Board Class 8th Maths Solutions Chapter 3 Understanding Quadrilaterals Ex 3.2 1
Solution:
(a) Sum of the measures of the exterior angles of any polygon is 360°.
∴ 125° + 125° + x = 360°
⇒ 250° + x = 360°
⇒ x = 360° – 250° ⇒ x = 110°.
(b) Since, sum of the exterior angles of any polygon is 360°.
∴ x + 90° + 60° + 90° + 70° = 360°
⇒ x + 310° = 360° => x = 360° – 310°
∴ x = 50°.

MP Board Solutions

MP Board Class 8 Maths Solutions English Medium Chapter 3 Question 2.
Find the measure of each exterior angle of a regular polygon of
(i) 9 sides
(ii) 15 sides.
Solution:
(i) Let each exterior angle of a regular polygon who has 9 sides is equal to x.
Sum of exterior angles of any polygon is 360°.
MP Board Class 8th Maths Solutions Chapter 3 Understanding Quadrilaterals Ex 3.2 2
Thus each exterior angle of a regular polygon of 9 sides is 40°.
(ii) Let each exterior angle of a regular polygon who has 15 sides is x.
Sum of all exterior angles of a polygon is 360°.
MP Board Class 8th Maths Solutions Chapter 3 Understanding Quadrilaterals Ex 3.2 3
Thus each exterior angle of a regular polygon of 15 sides is 24°.

MP Board Solutions

Class 8 Maths Chapter 3 Exercise 3.2 Solutions Question 3.
How many sides does a regular polygon have if the measure of an exterior angle is 24°?
Solution:
Total measure of all exterior angles = 360°
Measure of each exterior angle = 24°
Therefore, the number of sides = \(\frac{360^{\circ}}{24^{\circ}}\)
= 15
The polygon has 15 sides.

8th Maths Chapter 3 Exercise 3.2 Question 4.
How many sides does a regular polygon have if each of its interior angles is 165°?
Solution:
Total measure of all exterior angles = 360°
Measure of each interior angle = 165°
Measure of each exterior angle = 180° – 165°
= 15°
Therefore, number of sides = \(\frac{360^{\circ}}{15^{\circ}}\) = 24

MP Board Solutions

Class 8th Maths Chapter 3 Exercise 3.2 Question 5.
(a) Is it possible to have a regular polygon with measure of each exterior angle as 22°?
(b) Can it be an interior angle of a regular polygon? Why ?
Solution:
(a) No, because 22° is not a divisor of 360°.
(b) No, because each interior angle is 180° – 22° = 158°, which is not a divisor of 360°.

Exercise 3.2 Maths Class 8 Question 6.
(a) What is the minimum interior angle possible for a regular polygon? Why?
(b) What is the maximum exterior angle possible for a regular polygon?
Solution:
(a) Since each angle of an equilateral triangle is 60°.
And equilateral triangle is a regular polygon.
∴ Minimum interior angle is 60° for a regular polygon.
(b) Since minimum interior angle of a regular polygon is 60°.
∴ Each exterior angle of a regular polygon = 180° – 60° = 120°.
∴ Possible maximum exterior angle of a regular polygon is 120°.

MP Board Class 8th Maths Solutions

MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Lines and Angles Ex 5.1

MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Lines and Angles Ex 5.1

MP Board Solutions Class 7 Maths Chapter 5 Question 1.
Find the complement of eachof the following angles:
MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Lines and Angles Ex 5.1 1
Solution:
The sum of the measures of complementary angles is 90°.
(i) Complement of 20° = 90°- 20° = 70°
(ii) Complement of 63° = 90° – 63° = 27°
(iii) Complement of 57° = 90° – 57° = 33°

Class 7 Math Chapter 5 Exercise 5.1 Solved In Hindi Question 2.
Find the supplement of each of the following angles:
MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Lines and Angles Ex 5.1 2
Solution:
The sum of measures of supplementary angles is 180°.
(i) Supplement of 105° = 180° – 105° = 75°
(ii) Supplement of 87° = 180° – 87° = 93°
(iii) Supplement of 154° = 180° – 154° = 26°

MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Lines and Angles Ex 5.1

Class 7 Maths Chapter 5 Solution Question 3.
Identify which of the following pairs of angles are complementary and which are supplementary.
(i) 65°, 115°
(ii) 63°, 27°
(iii) 112°, 68°
(iv) 130°, 50°
(v) 45°, 45°
(vi) 80°, 10°
Solution:
The sum of the measures of complementary angles is 90° and that of supplementary angles is 180°.
(i) Sum of the measures of angles = 65° +115° = 180°
∴ These angles are supplementary angles.
(ii) Sum of the measures of angles = 63° + 27° = 90°
∴ These angles are complementary angles.
(iii) Sum of the measures of angles = 112° + 68° = 180°
∴ These angles are supplementary angles.
(iv) Sum of the measures of angles = 130° + 50° = 180°
∴ These angles are supplementary angles.
(v) Sum of the measures of angles = 45° + 45° = 90°
∴ These angles are complementary angles.
(vi) Sum of the measures of angles = 80°+ 10° =90°
∴ These angles are complementary angles.

MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Lines and Angles Ex 5.1

Class 7 Math Chapter 5 Exercise 5.1 Solved Question 4.
Find the angle which is equal to its complement.
Solution:
Let the angle be x.
Complement of this angle is also x.
∵ The sum of the measures of a pair of complementary angles is 90°.
∴ x + x = 90° ⇒ 2x = 90°

7th Class Maths Exercise 5.1 Question 5.
Find the angle which is equal to its supplement.
Solution:
Let the angle be x.
Supplement of this angle is also x.
∵ The sum of the measures of a pair of supplementary angles is 180°.
∴ x + x = 180°
⇒ 2x = 180° ⇒ x = 90°

Class 7 Maths Chapter 5 Exercise 5.1 Question 5 Question 6.
In the given figure, ∠1 and ∠2 are supplementary angles. If ∠1 is decreased, what changes should take place in ∠2 so that both the angles still remain supplementary.
MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Lines and Angles Ex 5.1 3
Solution:
∠1 and ∠2 are supplementary angles.
If ∠1 is decreased, then ∠2 should be increased by the same measure so that the given pair of angles remains supplementary.

Maths Class 7 Chapter 5 Exercise 5.1 Question 7.
Can two angles be supplementary if both of them are:
(i) acute?
(ii) obtuse?
(iii) right?
Solution:
(i) No. Acute angle is always less than 90°. It can be observed that two angles, even of 89°, cannot add up to 180°. Therefore, two acute angles cannot form a supplementary.
(ii) No. Obtuse angle is always greater than 90°. It can be observed that two angles, even of 91°, will always add up to more than 180°. Therefore, two obtuse angles cannot form a supplementary.
(iii) Yes. Right angles are of 90° and 90° + 90° = 180°.
Therefore, two right angles form a supplementary angle together.

MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Lines and Angles Ex 5.1

Class 7th Maths Exercise 5.1 Question 8.
An angle is greater than 45°. Is its complementary angle greater than 45° or equal to 45° or less than 45°?
Solution:
Let A and B are two angles making a complementary angle pair and A is greater than 45°.
A + B = 90°
⇒ B = 90° – A
Therefore, B will be less than 45°.

Maths Class 7 Ch 5 Ex 5.1 Question 9.
In the adjoining figure:
MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Lines and Angles Ex 5.1 4
(i) Is ∠1 adjacent to ∠2?
(ii) Is ∠AOC adjacent to ∠AOE?
(iii) Do ∠COE and ∠EOD form a linear pair?
(iv) Are ∠BOD and ∠DOA supplementary?
(v) Is ∠1 vertically opposite to ∠4?
(vi) What is the vertically opposite angle of ∠5?
Solution:
(i) Yes. Since, ∠1 and ∠2 have a common vertex O and a common arm OC. Also, their non-common arms OA and OE are on the opposite side of the common arm.
(ii) No. ∠AOC and ∠AOE have a common vertex O and also a common arm OA. But, their non-common arms OC and OE are on the same side of the common arm. Therefore, they are not adjacent to each other.
(iii) Yes. Since, ∠COE and ∠EOD have a common vertex O and a common arm OE. Also, their non-common arms, OC and OD, are opposite rays.
(iv) Yes. Since, ∠BOD and ∠DOA have a common vertex O and their non-common arms are opposite to each other.
(v) Yes. Since, ∠1 and ∠4 are formed due to the intersection of two straight lines, AB and CD.
(vi) ∠COB is the vertically opposite angle of ∠5 as they are formed due to the intersection of two straight lines, AB and CD.

Math Class 7th Exercise 5.1 Question 10.
Indicate which pairs of angles are:
(i) Vertically opposite angles.
(ii) Linear pairs.
MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Lines and Angles Ex 5.1 5
Solution:
(i) ∠1 and ∠4, ∠5 and ∠2 + ∠3 are vertically opposite angles as they are formed due to the intersection of two straight lines.
(ii) ∠1 and ∠5, ∠5 and ∠4 are forming linear pairs as they have a common vertex and also, have non-common arms opposite to each other.

MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Lines and Angles Ex 5.1

Math Class 7 Chapter 5.1 Question 11.
In the following figure, is ∠1 adjacent to ∠2? Give reasons.
MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Lines and Angles Ex 5.1 6
Solution:
∠1 and ∠2 are not adjacent angles because their vertex is not common.

Class 7 Maths Chapter 5 Exercise 5.1solutions Question 12.
Find the values of the angles x, y and z in each of the following:
MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Lines and Angles Ex 5.1 7
Solution:
(i) Since, x and 55° are vertically opposite angles,
x = 55° .
x + y = 180° (Linear pair)
⇒ 55° + y = 180°
⇒ y = 180° – 55° = 125°
y = z (Vertically opposite angles)
∴ z = 125°

(ii) z = 40° (Vertically opposite angles)
y + z = 180° (Linear pair)
⇒ y = 180° – 40° = 140°
∵ 40° + x + 25° = 180°
(Angles on a straight line)
⇒ 65° + x = 180°
⇒ x = 180° – 65° = 115°

Class 7th Maths Chapter 5 Exercise 5.1 Solutions Question 13.
Fill in the blanks:
(i) If two angles are complementary, then the sum of their measures is ___.
(ii) If two angles are supplementary, then the sum of their measures is ___.
(iii) Two angles forming a linear pair are ___.
(iv) If two adjacent angles. are supplementary, they form a ___.
(v) If two lines intersect at a point, then the vertically opposite angles are always ___.
(vi) If two lines intersect at a point, and if one pair of vertically opposite angles are acute angles, then the other pair of vertically opposite angles are ___.
solution:
(i) 90°
(ii) 180°
(iii) supplementary
(iv) linear pair
(v) equal
(vi) obtuse angles

Class 7th Chapter 5 Maths Question 14.
In the adjoining figure, name the following pairs of angles.
MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Lines and Angles Ex 5.1 8
(i) Obtuse vertically opposite angles
(ii) Adjacent complementary angles
(iii) Equal supplementary angles
(iv) Unequal supplementary angles
(v) Adjacent angles that do not form a linear pair
Solution:
(i) ∠AOD, ∠BOC
(ii) ∠EOA, ∠AOB
(iii ) ∠EOB, ∠EOD
(iv) ∠EOA, ∠EOC
(v) ∠AOB and ∠AOE; ∠AOE and ∠EOD; ∠EOD and ∠DOC

MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions

MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2

In this article, we will share MP Board Class 10th Maths Book Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 Pdf, These solutions are solved subject experts from the latest edition books.

MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2

MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2

MP Board Class 10 Maths Chapter 5 Exercise 5.2 Question 1.
Fill in the blanks in the following table, given that a is the first term, d the common difference and an the nth term of the A.P.
Solution:
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 1
Solution:
(i) an = a + (n- 1)d
a8 = 7 + (8 – 1)3 = 7 + 7 × 3 = 7 + 21
⇒ a8 = 28

(ii) an = a + (n – 1)d
⇒ a10 = -18 + (10 – 1)7 ⇒ 0 = -18 + 9d
⇒ 9d = 18 ⇒ d = \(\frac{18}{9}=2\)
∴ d = 2

(iii) an = a + (n – 1)d
⇒ -5 = a + (18 – 1) × (-3)
⇒ -5 = a + 17 × (-3)
⇒ -5 = a – 51 ⇒ a = -5 + 51 = 46
Thus, a = 46

(iv) an = a + (n – 1)d
⇒ 3.6 = -18.9 + (n – 1) × 2.5
⇒ (n – 1) × 2.5 = 3.6 + 18.9
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 2
⇒ n = 9 + 1 = 10
Thus, n = 10

(v) an = a + (n- 1)d
⇒ an = 3.5 + (105 – 1) × 0
⇒ an = 3.5 + 104 × 0 ⇒ an = 3.5 + 0 = 3.5
Thus, an = 3.5

5.2 Class 10 Question 2.
Choose the correct choice in the following and justify:
(i) 30th term of the AP: 10,7,4, , is, ….,
(A) 97
(B) 77
(C) -77
(D) -87

(ii) 11th term of the AP: -3, \(-\frac{1}{2}\), 2, …. ,is
(A) 28
(B) 22
(C) -38
(D) -48\(\frac{1}{2}\)
Solution:
(i) (C): Here, a = 10, n = 30
∵ T10 = a + (n – 1)d and d = 7 – 10 = -3
∴ T30 = 10 + (30 – 1) × (-3)
⇒ T30 = 10 + 29 × (-3)
⇒ T30 = 10 – 87 = -77

(ii) (B): Here, a = -3, n = 11 and
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 3

MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2

Common difference calculator is the difference between two successive terms of an arithmetic progression.

Ex 5.2 Class 10 Question 3.
In the following APs, find the missing terms in the boxes:
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 50
Solution:
(i) Here, a = 2, T3 = 26
Let common difference = d
∴ Tn = a + (n- 1 )d
⇒ T3 = 2 + (3 – 1)d
⇒ 26 = 2 + 2 d
⇒ 2d = 26 – 2 = 24
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 4
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 51

(ii) Let the first term = a
and common difference = d
Here, T2 = 13 and T4 = 3
T2 = a + d = 13, T4 = a + 3d = 3
T1 – T2 = (a + 3d) – (a + d) = 3 – 13
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 5

(iii)
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 6

(iv) Here, a = – 4, T6 = 6
∵ Tn = a + (n -1 )d
T6 = – 4 + (6 – 1)d ⇒ 6 = -4 + 5d ⇒ 5d = 6 + 4 = d = 10 – 5 = 2
T2 = a + d = -4 + 2 =-2
T3 = a + 2d = -4 + 2(2) = 0
T4 = a + 3d = -4 + 3(2) = 2
T5 = a + 4d = -4 + 4(2) = 4
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 52

(v) Here, T2 = 38 and T6 = -22
∴ T2 = a + d = 38, T6 = a + 5d = -22
⇒ T6 – T2 = a + 5d – (a + d) = -22 – 38 -60
⇒ 4d = -60 ⇒ d = \(\frac{-60}{4}\) = -15
a + d = 38 ⇒ a + (-15) = 38
⇒ a = 38 + 15 = 53
Now,
T3 = a + 2d = 53 + 2(-15) = 53 – 30 = 23
T4 = a + 3d = 53 + 3(-15) = 53 – 45 = 8
T5 = a + 4d = 53 + 4(-15) = 53 – 60 = -7
Thus missing terms are
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 53

MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2

5.2 Maths Class 10 Question 4.
Which term of the AP: 3, 8, 13, 18, is 78?
Solution:
Let the nth term be 78
Here, a = 3 ⇒ T1 = 3 and T2 = 8
∴ d = T2 – T1 = 8 – 3 = 5
And, Tn = a + (n- 1 )d
⇒ 78 = 3 + (n – 1) × 5 ⇒ 78 – 3 = (n -1) × 5
⇒ 75 = (n – 1) × 5 ⇒ (n – 1) = 75 ÷ 5 = 15
⇒ n = 15 + 1 = 16
Thus, 78 is the 16th term of the given AP.

Maths Class 10 Ex 5.2 Question 5.
Find the number of terms in each of the following APs:
(i) 7,13,19, …….. ,205
(ii) 18, \(15 \frac{1}{2}\), 13, …… ,-47
Solution:
(i) Here, a = 7,d = 13 – 7 = 6
Let total number of terms be n.
∴ Tn = 205
Now, Tn = a + (n – 1) ×d
= 7 + (n – 1) × 6 = 205
⇒ (n – 1) × 6 = 205 – 7 = 198
⇒ n – 1 = \(\frac{198}{6}=33\)
∴ n = 33 + 1 = 34
Thus, the required number of terms is 34.

(ii)
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 7
Thus, the required number of terms is 27.

MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2

Class 10 5.2 Question 6.
Check whether -150 is a term of the AP:
11, 8, 5, 2…
Solution:
For the given AP,
we have a = 11, d = 8 -11 = -3
Let -150 be the nth term of the given AP
∴ Tn = a + (n – 1 )d
⇒ -150 = 11 + (n – 1) × (-3)
⇒ -150 – 11 = (n – 1) × (-3)
⇒ -161 = (n – 1) ⇒ (-3)
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 8
But n should be a positive integer.
Thus, -150 is not a term of the given AP

MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2

Class 10th Math 5.2 Question 7.
Find the 31st term of an AP whose 11th term is 38 and the 16th term is 73.
Solution:
Here, T11 = 38 and T16 = 73
Let the first term = a and the common difference = d.
Tn = a + (n – 1 )d
Then, Tn = a + (11 – 1)d = 38
⇒ a + 10d = 38 …(1)
and T16 = a + (16 – 1)d = 73
⇒ a + 15d = 73 …(2)
Subtracting (1) from (2), we get
(a + 15d) – (a + 10d) = 73 – 38
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 9
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 10

Class 10 Maths Exercise 5.2 Question 8.
An AP consists of 50 terms of which 3rd term is 12 and the last term is 106. Find the 29th term.
Solution:
Here, n = 50, T3 = 12, Tn = 106
⇒ T50 = 106
Let the first term = a and the common difference = d
Tn = a + (n – 1 )d
T3 = a + 2d = 12 …(1)
T50 = a + 49d = 106 …(2)
Subtracting (1) from (2), we get
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 11

MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2

Maths Ch 5 Ex 5.2 Class 10 Question 9.
If the 3rd and the 9th terms of an AP are 4 and -8 respectively, which term of this AP is zero?
Solution:
Here, T3 = 4 and T9 = -8
Tn = a + (n – 1)d
T3 = a + 2d = 4 …. (1)
T9 = a + 8d = – 8 …. (2)
Subtracting (1) from (2), we get
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 12

10th Standard Maths Exercise 5.2 Question 10.
The 17th term of an AP exceeds its 10th term by 7. Find the common difference.
Solution:
Let a be the first term and d the common difference of the given AP
Now, using n = a + (n – 1 )d, we have
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 13
Thus, the common difference is 1.

MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2

Arithmetic Progression Exercise 5.2 Question 11.
Which term of the AP : 3, 15, 27, 39,… will be 132 more than its 54th term?
Solution:
Here, a = 3, d = 15 – 3 = 12
Using Tn = a + (n – 1 )d, we get
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 14
Thus, 132 more than 54th term is the 65th term.

10th Class Chapter 5 Question 12.
Two APs have the same common difference. The difference between their 100th terms is 100, what is the difference between their 1000th terms?
Solution:
Let for the 1st AP, the first term = a and common difference = d
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 15
And for the 2nd AP, the first term = a and common difference = d
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 16
According to the condition,
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 17

MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2

Ncert Solutions For Class 10th Maths Chapter 5 Exercise 5.2 Question 13.
How many three-digit numbers are divisible by 7?
Solution:
The first three-digit number divisible by 7 is 105.
The last such three-digit number divisible by 7 is 994.
∴ The AP is 105,112,119, ,994
Let n be the required number of terms Here, a = 105, d = 7 and n = 994
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 18
Thus, 128 numbers of 3-digits are divisible by 7.

Class 10 Maths Solutions MP Board Question 14.
How many multiples of 4 lie between 10 and 250?
Solution:
The first multiple of 4 beyond 10 is 12.
The multiple of 4 just below 250 is 248.
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 19
Thus, the required number of terms is 60.

MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2

Class 10 Math Ap Ex 5.2 Question 15.
For what value of n, are the nth terms of two APs: 63,65,67 … and 3,10,17, …. equal?
Solution:
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 20
Thus, the 13th terms of the two given AP’s are equal.

Class 10 Maths Chapter 5 Exercise 5.2 Question 16.
Determine the AP whose third term is 16 and the 7th term exceeds the 5th term by 12.
Solution:
Let the first term = a and the common difference = d
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 21

MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2

Class 10 Maths Ch 5 Ex 5.2 Question 17.
Find the 20th term from the last term of the AP : 3, 8, 13, …, 253.
Solution:
We have, the last term (l) = 253
Here, d = 8 – 3 = 5
Since, the nth term before the last term is given by l – (n – 1 )d
We have 20th term from the last term = l – (20 – 1) × 5 = 253 – 19 × 5 = 253 – 95 = 158

Class 10 Maths 5.2 Question 18.
The sum of the 4th and 8th terms of an AP is 24 and the sum of the 6th and 10th terms is 44. Find the first three terms of the AP.
Solution:
Let the first term = a and the common difference = d
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 22

Class 10 Maths Ex 5.2 Question 19.
Subba Rao started work in 1995 at an annual salary of ₹ 5000 and received an increment of ? 200 each year. In which year did his income reach ₹ 7000?
Solution:
Here, a = ₹ 5000 and d = ₹ 200
Let, in the nth year Subba Rao gets ₹ 7000.
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 23

MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2

Exercise 5.2 Class 10 Question 20.
Ramkali saved ₹ 5 in the first week of a year and then increased her weekly savings by ₹ 1.75. If in the nth week, her weekly savings become ₹ 20.75, find n.
Solution:
Here, a = ₹ 5 and d = ₹ 1.75
MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 5.2 24
Thus, the required number of weeks is 10.

MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts

In this article, we will share MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts Pdf, These solutions are solved subject experts from the latest edition books.

MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts

MP Board Class 10th Science Chapter 2 Intext Questions

Intext Questions Page No. 18

Mp Board Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Question 1.
You have been provided with three test tubes. One of them contains distilled water and the other two contain an acidic solution and a basic solution, respectively. If you are given only red litmus paper, how will you identify the contents of each test tube?
Answer:

  • Put the red litmus paper turn by turn in each of the three test tubes. The solution which turns the red litmus paper to blue will be a basic solution here, the blue litmus paper formed can now be used to test the acidic solution.
  • Put this blue litmus paper in the remaining two test tubes one by one. The solution which turns the blue litmus paper to red will be the acidic solution.
  • The solution which has no effect on any litmus paper will be neutral and hence it will be distilled water.

Intext Questions Page No. 22

Question 1.
Why should curd and sour substances not be kept in brass and copper vessels?
Answer:
Curd and other sour substances are acidic in nature. So, when they are kept in brass and copper vessels, harmful products along with hydrogen gas are produced which spoil the food.

MP Board Solutions

Question 2.
Which gas is usually liberated when an acid reacts with a metal? Illustrate with an example. How will you test for the presence of this gas?
Answer:
Hydrogen gas is usually liberated when an acid reacts with a metal. Let us illustrate it with the following examples:

  1. Add some pieces of zinc granules into 5ml of a dilute solution of sulphuric acid (H2SO4).
  2. Shake it well.
  3. Pass the produced gas into a soap solution.
  4. Now, soap bubbles are formed in the soap solution and these soap bubbles contain hydrogen.
  5. Bring a burning candle near a gas-filled bubble. A candle burns with a pop sound. So, the following reaction takes place:
    H2SO4(aq) + Zn(s) → ZnSO4(aq) + H2
    MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts 1
  6. We can test the evolved hydrogen gas by its burning with a pop sound when a candle is brought near the soap bubbles.

pH Calculator is a free online tool that displays the pH value for the given chemical solution.

Mp Board Class 10th Science Chapter 2 Question 3.
Metal compound A reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce effervescence. The gas evolved extinguishes a burning candle. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction if one of the compounds formed is calcium chloride.
Answer:
MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts 2

Intext Questions Page No. 25

Question 1.
Why do HCl, HNO3 etc., show acidic characters in aqueous solutions while solutions of compounds like alcohol and glucose do not show acidic character?
Answer:
HCl or HNO3 dissolve in water to form H+ or H3O+ ions in aqueous solutions which show their acidic character. The following reactions take place when HCl or HNO3 are mixed with water:
HCl(aq) → H+ + Cl
H+ + H2O → H3O+
On the other hand, when alcohol and glucose are mixed with water they do not dissolve to form ions due to the presence of hydrogen bonds and basic character. Hence, they do not show acidic character.

Table 2.2 Class 10 Science Solution Question 2.
Why does an aqueous solution of acid conduct electricity?
Answer:
In the aqueous solution, acid forms ions and these ions are conductor of electricity.

Question 3.
Why does dry HCl gas not change the colour of the dry litmus paper?
Answer:
Dry HCl gas does not change the colour of the dry litmus paper because it has no hydrogen ions (H+) or hydronium (H3O+) ions in it.

MP Board Solutions

Question 4.
While diluting an acid, why is it recommended that the acid should be added to water and not water to the acid?
Answer:
Mixing water to acid is an exothermic reaction. Hence while diluting an acid it is recommended that the acid should be added to water and not water to acid. If we mix water to acid explosion occurs and burning take place.

Table 2.4 Class 10 Science Answers Question 5.
How is the concentration of hydronium ions (H3O+) affected when a solution of an acid is diluted?
Answer:
Concentration of hydronium ions (H3O+) decreases and becomes weak. In this way concentration of hydronium ion affects when a solution of acid is diluted.

Question 6.
How is the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH) affected when excess base is dissolved in a solution of sodium hydroxide?
Answer:
When excess base is dissolved in a solution of sodium hydroxide concentration of OH Hydroxide ion is more.
MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts 3

Intext Questions Page No. 28

Activity 2.11 Class 10 Science Question 1.
You have two solutions, A and B. The pH of solution A is 6 and pH of solution B is 8. Which solution has more hydrogen ion concentration? Which of this is acidic and which one is basic?
Answer:
Solution ‘A’ is acidic because pH of the solution A is 6 which is less than 7 while solution ‘B’ is basic because pH of the solution ‘B’ is 8 which is greater than 7. Solution ‘A’ has more hydrogen ion concentration in comparison to solution ‘B’ because solution ‘A’ is acidic.

If the pH value is less than 7, it represents an acidic solution.
If the pH value is more than 7, it represents a base.
It the pH – 6 is acidic it has more concentration of ions than pH-8 which is a base.

Question 2.
What effect does the concentration of H+(aq) ions have on the nature of the solution?
Answer:
If the concentration of H+(aq) ions is increased then the solution becomes acidic and if the concentration of H+(aq) ions is decreased then the solution becomes basic in nature.

Difference Between Acid And Base Class 10 Question 3.
Do basic solutions also have H+(aq) ions? If yes, then why are these basic?
Answer:
Yes. H+ ions are always present in basic solution. Concentration of Basic is more than OH ions.

Question 4.
Under what soil condition do you think a farmer would treat the soil of his fields with quick lime (calcium oxide) or slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) or chalk (calcium carbonate)?
Answer:
If the soil is acidic and improper for cultivation, then to increase the basicity of soil, the farmer would treat the soil with quick lime or slaked lime or chalk.

Intext Questions Page No. 33

Question 1.
What is the common name of the compound CaOCl2?
Answer:
Bleaching powder.

Table 2.2 Class 10 Science Question 2.
Name the substance which on treatment with chlorine yields bleaching powder.
Answer:
Dry slaked lime or calcium hydroxide.

Question 3.
Name the sodium compound which is used for softening hard water.
Answer:
Sodium carbonate.
Na2CO3, 10 H2O is the compound of sodium to soften hard water.

MP Board Solutions

Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Question 4.
What will happen if a solution of sodium hydrocarbon is heated? Give the equation of the reaction involved.
Answer:
When sodium hydrocarbon is heated then sodium carbonate and water are formed along with the evolution of carbon dioxide gas.
2NaHCO3 → Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2

Question 5.
Write an equation to show the reaction between Plaster of Paris and water.
Answer:
Plaster of Paris reacts with water to form gypsum.
MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts 4

MP Board Class 10th Science Chapter 2 Ncert Textbook Exercises

Ch 2 Science Class 10 Question 1.
A solution turns red litmus blue, its pH is likely to be
(a) 1
(b) 4
(c) 5
(d) 10
Answer:
(d) 10
Bases turn red litmus to blue. pH value of 7 is greater than 7. Hence this solution changes red litmus to blue.

Question 2.
A solution reacts with crushed egg-shells to give a gas that turns lime-water milky. The solution contains
(a) NaCl
(b) HCl
(c) LiCl
(d) KCl
Answer:
b) the solution contains HCl.

Question 3.
10 ml of a solution of NaOH is found to be completely neutralised by 8 ml of a given solution of HCl. If we take 20 ml of the same solution of NaOH, the amount of HCl solution (the same solution as before) required to neutralise it will be
(a) 4 ml
(b) 8 ml
(c) 12 ml
(d) 16 ml
Answer:
d) 16 mL HCl solution is required.

Ph Value Table Class 10 Question 4.
Which one of the following types of medicines are used for treating indigestion?
(a) Antibiotic
(b) Analgesic
(c) Antacid
(d) Antiseptic
Answer:
c) Antacid is used to treat indigestion.

Question 5.
Write word equations and then balanced equations for the reaction taking place when:
(a) dilute sulphuric acid reacts with zinc granules.
(b) dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with magnesium ribbon.
(c) dilute sulphuric acid reacts with aluminium powder.
(d) dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with iron filings.
Answer:
a) Sulphuric acid + Zinc ➝ zinc Sulphate + Hydrogen
H2SO(aq) + Zn(s) ➝ ZnSO4(aq) + H2(g)
b) hydro Chloric acid + magnesium ➝ Magnisium Chloride + Hydrogen
2HCl(aq) + Mg(s) ➝ MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)
(c) Sulphuric Hydrigen Sulphate + Aluminium ➝ Aluminium + Hydrogen Chloride
3H2SO2(aq) + Mg(s) ➝ MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)
d) Hydrochloric acid  + Iron ➝ Ferric + Hydrogen
6HCl(aq) + 2Fe(s) ➝ 2FeCl2(aq) + 3H2(g)

Indicator Table Class 10 Question 6.
Compounds such as alcohols and glucose also contain hydrogen but are not categorised as acids. Describe an activity to prove it.
Answer:
Experiment: Fix two nails on the cork and keep this in 100 ml beaker. Two nails are fixed to 6 volt battery, bulb and switch. Then pour some dilute HCl in the beaker and switch on the current. Repeat the experiment separately with glucose and alcohol solutions.
Observation: Bulb glows in HCl solution but do not glows in glucose solution.
Result: HCl ➝ H+ and Cl- ions.
These ions conduct electricity and bulb glows.
By this experiment we conclude that All acids contain Hydrogen.

Question 7.
Why does distilled water not conduct electricity, whereas rainwater does?
Answer:
Distilled water cannot conduct electricity because it does not contain ions while rainwater conducts electricity as it contains ions due to the presence of dissolved salts in it.

Table 2.2 Class 10 Science Byju’s Question 8.
Why do acids not show acidic behavior in the absence of water?
Answer:
Acids do not show acidic property in the absence of water. Because Hydrogen ions dissociates in presence of water. Hydrogen ions are responsible for acidic nature.

Question 9.
Five solutions A, B, C, D and E when tested with universal indicator showed pH as 4, 1, 11, 7 and 9, respectively. Which solution is
(a) Neutral?
(b) Strongly alkaline?
(c) Strongly acidic?
(d) Weakly acidic?
(e) Weakly alkaline?
Arrange the pH in increasing order of hydrogen-ion concentration.
Answer:
a) Neutral ➝ solution D ➝ pH value of pH is 7.
b) strongly alkaline ➝ solution C ➝ pH is 11
c) strongly acidic ➝ solution B ➝ pH is 1
d) weakly acidic ➝ solution A ➝ pH is 4
e) weakly alkaline ➝ solution E —> pH is 9
We can arrange the pH in increasing order of hydrogen ion concentration as 11 < 9 <7 <4<1

MP Board Solutions

Table 2.2 Science Class 10th Question 10.
Equal lengths of magnesium ribbons are taken in test tubes A and B. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is added to test tube A, while acetic acid (CH3COOH) is added to test tube B. Amount and concentration taken for both the acids are same. In which test tube will the fizzing
occur more vigorously and why?
Answer:
The fizzing will occur strongly in test tube A, in which hydrochloric acid (HCl) is added. This is because HCl is a stronger acid than CH3COOH and therefore, produces hydrogen gas at a faster speed due to which fizzing occurs.

Question 11.
Fresh milk has a pH of 6. How do you think the pH will change as it turns into curd? Explain your answer.
Answer:
pH value of fresh milk is 6, but when it converts into curd value of pH decreases because curd is acidic. Hence this value is becoming less.

Table 2.4 Class 10 Science Question 12.
A milkman adds a very small amount of baking soda to fresh milk.

  1. Why does he shift the pH of the fresh milk from 6 to slightly alkaline?
  2. Why does this milk take a long time to set as curd?

Answer:

  1. The milkman shifts the pH of the fresh milk from 6 to slightly alkaline because, in alkaline condition, milk does not set as curd easily. Hence, it does not get spoiled for longer period of time, in which he can sell it to make a profit.
  2. Since this milk is slightly basic than usual milk, acids produced to set the curd are neutralised by the base. Therefore, it takes a longer time for the curd to set which is usually acidic.

Question 13.
Plaster of Paris should be stored in a moisture-proof container. Explain why?
Answer:
The Plaster of Paris should be stored in a moisture-proof container as it absorbs water from moisture and turns into a hard substance (Gypsum) as shown in the following chemical equation:
MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts 5

10th Science 2 Chapter 2 Question Answer Question 14.
What is a neutralisation reaction? Give two examples.
Answer:
The reaction between an acid a base to give salt and water is known as a neutralisation reaction.
MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts 6

Question 15.
Give two important uses of washing soda and baking soda.
Answer:
1. Washing Soda:
(a) This is used in glass, soap and paper industries,
(b) It is used for removing permanent hardness of water.

2. Baking Soda:
(a) This is used cooking mixture of Baking soda and acid (tartaric acid – weak acid) is called Baking powder. When it is heated or combined with water. CO2 is evolved and soften the bread.
(b) It is also used in soda-acid fire extinguishers.

MP Board Class 10th Science Chapter 2 Additional Important Questions

MP Board Class 10th Science Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1.
The range of a pH scale is:
(a) 1 – 10
(b) 1 – 100
(c) 0 – 14
(d) 1 – 14
Answer:
(c) 0 – 14

Science Class 10 Chapter 2 Question 2.
pH is defined as:
(a) The logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration
(b) The negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration
(c) Hydrogen ion concentration
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(a) The logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration

MP Board Solutions

Question 3.
Which of the following solution will have pH = 7?
(a) Tea
(b) The salt solution in distilled water
(c) Hydrochloric acid solution
(d) Water distilled with chlorine gas.
Answer:
(b) The salt solution in distilled water

Difference Between Acid And Base Class 10th Question 4.
Which colour indicate neutral solution on a pH paper?
(a) Brown
(b) Green
(c) Purple
(d) White or transparent
Answer:
(b) Green

Question 5.
A solution is acidic if:
(a) it releases H+ ions in the solution.
(b) it has a pH of less than 7.
(c) it has dark red, orange or greenish-yellow colour on a pH paper.
(d) all of the above.
Answer:
(d) all of the above.

Question 6.
Which of the following solutions will have pH < 7?
MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts 7
Choose correct combination:
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (i) and (iii)
(d) All of the above.
Answer:
(b) (ii) and (iii)

Class 10th Science Table 2.2 Question 7.
“p” in pH stands for:
(a) Phosphorus
(b) Potenz
(c) Potential
(d) Polarity
Answer:
(b) Potenz

Question 8.
Four different jars A, B, C, D contains hydrochloric acid, black coffee, ammonia and soap solution. Choose the order of decreasing acidic strength.
MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts 8
(a) A > B > C > D
(b) B > C > A > D
(c) D > C > B > A
(d) D = C > B > A
Answer:
(a) A > B > C > D

Activity 2.4 Class 10 Science Question 9.
How can we find the pH of a solution?
(a) By dipping pH paper in it.
(b) By dropping some solution over pH paper.
(c) By heating pH paper in vapours of solution.
(d) By pouring all the solution over pH paper.
Answer:
(a) By dipping pH paper in it.

Question 10.
In a class, while doing practical on different solutions, four students give their observations. Which student/s has/ve given a correct explanation if their observation is as follows?
MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts 9
Choose the correct combination of students with wrong observations:
(a) A and B
(b) C and D
(c) A, B, C
(d) All students
Answer:
(b) C and D

Question 11.
Lemon juice gives orange colour over pH paper. What is its nature?
(a) Strong Acid
(b) Basic
(c) Neutral
(d) Moderate acid
Answer:
(a) Strong Acid

Activity 2.10 Class 10 Science Question 12.
Pure water has a pH = 7, while distilled water has pH = 8 – 10, it represents that distilled water is:
(a) Slightly basic
(b) Strong base
(c) Mild acid
(d) Strong acid
Answer:
(a) Slightly basic

Question 13.
On a pH paper, pH values of 1 and 8 are represented by colours:
(a) Yellow and Orange
(b) Purple and Greenish
(c) Red and Bluish Green
(d) Green and Red
Answer:
(c) Red and Bluish Green

Acids Bases And Salts Class 10 Solutions Question 14.
Which of the following acids gives a dark red colour?
(a) Lemon juice
(b) Hydrochloric acid
(c) Acetic acid
(d) Nitric acid
Answer:
(b) Hydrochloric acid

Question 15.
How pOH can by represented?
(a) -Log [H+] = pOH
(b) -Log [H] = pOH
(c) -Log [pH] = pOH
(d) -Log [OH] = pOH
Answer:
(d) -Log [OH] = pOH

Question 16.
If [H+] is 1.0 × 10-9 mole, what will be pH of solution?
(a) 10-9
(b) 1
(c) 9
(d) -9
Answer:
(c) 9

Chapter 2 Class 10 Science Question 17.
What is the nature of citric acid?
(a) Basic
(b) Acidic
(c) Neutral
(d) Both a and b
Answer:
(b) Acidic

Question 18.
What is the nature of Sodium Hydroxide?
(a) Basic
(b) Acidic
(c) Neutral
(d) Unpredictable
Answer:
(a) Basic

Question 19.
pH > 7 represents?
(a) Basic solutions
(b) Acidic solutions
(c) Neutral solution
(d) All
Answer:
(a) Basic solutions

Question 20.
pH < 7 represents?
(a) Basic solutions
(b) Acidic solutions
(c) Neutral solution
(d) All
Answer:
(b) Acidic solutions

Ch 2 Science Class 10 Activities Question 21.
Hydrogen ion concentration for pure water is:
(a) 7
(b) 10-7
(c) 10-7 mole/litre
(d) 107 moles/litre
Answer:
(c) 10-7 mole/litre

MP Board Class 10th Science Chapter 2 Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
How can pH be represented using log?
Answer:
pH = – log [H+].

Question 2.
What is the range of pH on pH paper?
Answer:
0 – 14.

Question 3.
What is the pH of a strong acid?
Answer:
0 – 2.

Question 4.
Why is water neutral?
Answer:
On dissociation, water has equal numbers of H+ and OH ions. So, it does not go through any change and remains neutral.

Question 5.
What is the pH of concentric HCl?
Answer:
1 – 2.

Question 6.
What will be the colour of pH paper when coffee is poured over it?
Answer:
Reddish as it is slightly acidic in nature.

Question 7.
Which is more acidic-lemon juice or baking powder?
Answer:
Lemon juice.

Question 8.
What is the best medium to check any chemical’s nature?
Answer:
Water.

Question 9.
What is the universal solvent?
Answer:
Aqua regia.

Question 10.
What kind of reactions are neutralisation reactions?
Answer:
Any reaction between an acid and a base to form salt and water is called neutralisation reaction.

Question 11.
Which solution is considered to be neutral?
Answer:
Solutions with no acidity or alkalinity are neutral. Acids and bases are present in equal amounts.

MP Board Solutions

Question 12.
Write the formula of brine and bleaching powder.
Answer:
NaCl and CaOCl2.

Question 13.
Name two products which we can be obtained by chemical processing of common salt.
Answer:
Baking soda and bleaching powder.

Question 14.
What is the common name of sodium hydrogen carbonate?
Answer:
Baking soda.

Question 15.
Write the formula for washing soda.
Answer:
Na2CO3.10H2O.

Question 16.
What is the source of naturally occurring acid lactic acid?
Answer:
Curd.

Question 17.
Which acid is present in tomato?
Answer:
Oxalic acid.

Question 18.
Name two olfactory indicators.
Answer:
Vanilla and clove.

Question 19.
What is the colour of methyl orange in acidic solution?
Answer:
Red.

Question 20.
What is the colour of phenolphthalein in basic medium?
Answer:
Pink.

MP Board Class 10th Science Chapter 2 Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
How acids are different from bases when dissolved in water?
Answer:
Acids on dissolving in water produce H+ ions while the base produces OHions.

Question 2.
Name two indicators and write their colour in different mediums.

Name of indicator Colour in acidic medium Colour in basic medium
Methyl Orange Red Yellow Pink
Phenolphthalein Colourless Pink

Question 3.
Name any three hydrated salts.
Answer:

  1. Barium chloride, BaCl2. 2H2O.
  2. Copper sulphate, CuSO4. 5H2O.
  3. Ferrous sulphate, FeSO4. 6H2O.

Question 4.
Give an equation of neutralisation reaction.
Answer:
MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts 10

Question 5.
What causes acidity in our body? How can it be cured?
Answer:
Our stomach produces hydrochloric acid which helps in digestion of food. During indigestion, the stomach produces too much acid and this causes pain and irritation. This can be cured by using bases called antacids.

Question 6.
What is the result of the reaction between an acid and a metal?
Answer:
Corresponding salt is formed with the evolution of hydrogen gas when a metal reacts with acid.

Question 7.
Write two important uses of pH in everyday life. Also, give an example.
Answer:
pH balance and its particular range of maintenance are very important in nature because it affects animal and plant life very much.

For example:

  1. Curd formation: Atmospheric bacteria change the pH of milk which causes the curd formation.
  2. Aids in digestion: Slight acidic conditions in the stomach due to the presence of hydrochloric acid aids in the digestion of food.

Question 8.
Give examples of two acids and bases present in nature.
Answer:

  1. Acids: Citric acid, acetic acid.
  2. Bases: Calcium carbonate, sodium hydroxide.

Question 9.
Discuss the various types of salts.
Answer:
There are three types of salts:

  1. Neutral salts: Salts formed by the mixing of strong acid and strong base, e.g., NaCl, K2SO4 etc.
  2. Acidic salts: Salts formed by the mixing of a strong acid and weak base e.g., NH4Cl, CaSO4.
  3. Basic salts: Salts formed by the mixing of a strong base and weak acid e.g., Na2CO3, CH3COONa etc.

Question 10.
Common salt acts as raw material for many important daily use chemicals. Name some of them and also write their chemical formula.
Answer:
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), Baking Soda (NaHCO3), Washing soda (Na2CO3. 10H2O) etc.

Question 11.
What are the products of Chlor-alkali process?
Answer:
The products of Chlor-alkali process are chlorine and sodium hydroxide.

Question 12.
Name two uses of each of the given salts:

  1. Bleaching powder
  2. Baking soda

Answer:
Use of given salts are:
1. Bleaching powder:

  • It is used as an oxidising agent in chemical industries.
  • It is used for disinfecting water to make it free of germs.

2. Baking soda:

  • It is used in soda acid fire extinguishers.
  • It is an ingredient in antacids.

Question 13.
What is the water of crystallisation?
Answer:
The water of crystallisation is the fixed number of water molecules present in one formula unit of salt.

Question 14.
Give reaction to show the formation of sodium zincate?
Answer:
MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts 25

Question 15.
Name the products of electrolysis of brine and also give on use of each.
Answer:
Chlorine gas, H2 gas, and sodium hydroxide are the products of electrolysis of brine:

  1. Use of chlorine gas: It is used as a disinfectant.
  2. Use of H2 gas: It is used in the manufacture of ammonia.
  3. Use of sodium hydroxide: It is used for the manufacture of soaps and detergents.

MP Board Class 10th Science Chapter 2 Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Discuss the nature of the solution and its type in brief and also explain the strength of a solution.
Answer:
Nature of the solution:
When a solute is dissolved solvent (generally water), it shows different kind of nature with regard to its reactivity and solubility. On the basis of removal of H+ ion or OH the solution is formed. The types of solutions are divided as follows:
MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts 11
Strength of solution is determined by the,

  1. Speed of reactivity i.e., how fast the ions are found dissociated.
  2. Amount of ions (H+ or OH ) released or their ion concentration.

Question 2.
Give one example in each case:
(a) a weak mineral acid.
(b) a base which is not an alkali.
(c) a hydrogen-containing compound which is not an acid.
(d) a basic oxide soluble in water.
(e) a basic oxide insoluble in water.
Answer:
MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts 12

MP Board Class 10th Science Chapter 2 Textbook Activities

Class 10 Science Activity 2.1 Page No. 18

  1. Collect the following solutions from the science laboratory – hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulphuric acid (H2SO4), nitric acid (HNO3), acetic acid (CH3COOH), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2], potassium hydroxide (KOH), magnesium hydroxide [Mg(OH)2] and ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH).
  2. Put a drop of each of the above solutions on a watch-glass one by one and test with a drop of the indicators shown in the table.
  3. What change in colour did you observe with red litmus, blue litmus, phenolphthalein and methyl orange solutions for each of the solutions taken?
  4. Tabulate your observations in the table.

Result:
MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts 13

Class 10 Science Activity 2.2 Page No. 18,19

  1. Take some finely chopped onions in a plastic bag along with some strips of clean cloth. Tie up the bag tightly and leave overnight in the fridge. The cloth strips can now be used to test for acids and bases.
  2. Take two of these cloth strips and check their odour.
  3. Keep them on a clean surface and put a few drops of dilute HCl solution on one strip and a few drops of dilute NaOH solution on the other.
  4. Rinse both cloth strips with water and again check their odour.
  5. Note your observations.
  6. Now take some dilute vanilla essence and clove oil and check their odour.
  7. Take some dilute HCl solution in one test tube and dilute NaOH solution in another. Add a few drops of dilute vanilla essence to both test tubes and shake well. Check the odour once again and record changes in odour, if any.
  8. Similarly, test the change in the odour of clove oil with dilute HCl and dilute NaOH solution and record your observations.

Observations:

  1. On putting the cloth strip into dilute.HCl solution, the red colour of cloth strip changes to pale red.
  2. On putting the cloth strip into NaOH solution, the red colour of strip changes to green in colour.

Odour test:

  1. Add vanilla essence in dilute NaOH.
  2. Add vanilla essence in dilute HCl.
  3. Add clove oil in to dilute HCl.
  4. Add clove oil in dilute NaOH.

Result:

  1. No smell found.
  2. The smell of vanilla exists.
  3. The smell of clove present.
  4. The smell of clove exists.

Class 10 Science Activity 2.3 Page No. 19,20

Caution:

  1. This activity needs the teacher’s assistance.
  2. Set the apparatus as shown in Figure.
  3. Take about 5 ml of dilute sulphuric acid in a test tube and add a few pieces of zinc granules to it.
  4. What do you observe on the surface of zinc granules?
  5. Pass the gas being evolved through the soap solution.
  6. Why are bubbles formed in the soap solution?
  7. Take a burning candle near a gas-filled bubble.
  8. What do you observe?
  9. Repeat this Activity with some more acids like HCl, HNO3 and CH3COOH.
  10. Are the observations in all the cases the same or different?

MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts 14

Observations:

  1. 5 ml of dilute sulphuric acid + zinc granules → On the surface of zinc granules + bubbles of hydrogen gas are formed.
  2. On passing the gas evolved through a soap solution → bubbles are formed due to low surface tension of soap solution. On taking a burning candle near a gas-filled bubbles → gas burns with a pop sound.
  3. All other acids HCl, HNO3 and CH3COOH show the same observation.

Class 10 Science Activity 2.4 Page No. 20

  1. Place a few pieces of granulated zinc metal in a test tube.
  2. Add 2 ml of sodium hydroxide solution and warm the contents of the test tube.
  3. This activity needs the teacher’s assistance.
  4. Set the apparatus as shown in Figure.
  5. Take about 5 ml of dilute sulphuric acid in a test tube and add a few pieces of zinc granules to it.
  6. What do you observe on the surface of zinc granules?
  7. Pass the gas being evolved through the soap solution.
  8. Why are bubbles formed in the soap solution?
  9. Take a burning candle near a gas-filled bubble.
  10. What do you observe?
  11. Repeat this Activity with some more acids like HCl, HNO3 and CH3COOH.
  12. Are the observations in all the cases the same or different?

Observations:
Reaction:
2NaOH + Zn → Na2ZnO3 + H2

Conclusion:
Bubbles of hydrogen gas are formed.

Class 10 Science Activity 2.5 Page No. 20

  1. Take two test tubes, label them as A and B.
  2. Take about 0.5 g of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) in test tube A and about 0.5 g of sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3) in test tube B.
  3. Add about 2 ml of dilute HCl to both the test tubes.
  4. What do you observe?
  5. Pass the gas produced in each case through lime water (calcium hydroxide solution) as shown below and record your observations.

MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts 15

Observations:
Test Tube A:
Reaction:
Na2CO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → 2NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) +CO2(g)

Test Tube B:
Reaction:
NaHCO3(s) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
On passing CO2 gas through lime water it turns milky because insoluble white precipitate of CaCO3 is formed as shown below:
MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts 16
On passing excess gas through lime water, it becomes colourless.
MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts 17

Class 10 Science Activity 2.6 Page No. 21

  1. Take about 2 ml of dilute NaOH solution in a test tube and add two drops of phenolphthalein solution.
  2. What is the colour of the solution?
  3. Add dilute HCl solution to the above solution drop by drop.
  4. Is there any colour change for the reaction mixture?
  5. Why did the colour of phenolphthalein change after the addition of an acid?
  6. Now add a few drops of NaOH to the above mixture.
  7. Does the pink colour of phenolphthalein reappear?
  8. Why do you think this has happened?

Observations:

  1. Add 2 drops of phenolphthalein solution into NaOH solution → colour of the solution is pink.
  2. Now add dilute HCl solution drop by drop.
  3. Now, reaction mixture changes to colourless.
  4. This is because neutralisation of HCl and NaOH takes place.
  5. Now, add NaOH (few drops) → Pink colour reappears.

Class 10 Science Activity 2.7 Page No. 21

  1. Take a small amount of copper oxide in a beaker and add dilute hydrochloric acid slowly while stirring.
  2. Note the colour of the solution. What has happened to the copper oxide?

Observations:

  1. Add dilute HCl to copper oxide solution:
  2. Colour of the solution turns into green and CuCl2 dissolves.
  3. The blue-green colour formed due to formation of copper (II) chloride,
    CuO + 2HCl → CuCl + H2O

Class 10 Science Activity 2.8 Page No. 22

  1. Take solutions of glucose, alcohol, hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid etc.
  2. Fix two nails on a cork and place the cork in a 100 ml beaker.
  3. Connect the nails to the two terminals of a 6-volt battery through a bulb and a switch, as shown in Figure.

MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts 18

  1. Now pour some dilute HCl in the beaker and switch on the current. Repeat with dilute sulphuric acid.
  2. What do you observe?
  3. Repeat the experiment separately with glucose and alcohol solutions.
  4. What do you observe now?
  5. Does the bulb glow in all cases?

MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts 19

Class 10 Science Activity 2.9 Page No. 23

  1. Take about 1g solid NaCl in a clean and dry test tube and set up the apparatus as shown in Figure.
  2. Add some concentrated sulphuric acid to the test tube.
  3. What do you observe? Is there a gas coming out of the delivery tube?
  4. Test the gas evolved successively with dry and wet blue litmus paper.
  5. In which case does the litmus paper change colour?
  6. On the basis of the above Activity, what do you infer about the acidic character of:
    • Dry HCl gas?
    • HCl solution?

MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts 20

Note to teachers:
If the climate is very humid, you will have to pass the gas produced through a guard tube (drying tube) containing calcium chloride to dry the gas.

Observations:

  1. Adding concentrated H2SO4 to test tube containing NaCl leads to the production of HCl gas. Now, testing this gas with litmus paper following were recorded,
  2. HCl gas passes → Colour change
  3. Dry litmus paper → No change
  4. Wet litmus paper → Blue litmus turns red

Thus, only HCl solution release H+ ions and acidic property exist due to H+ ions.

Class 10 Science Activity 2.10 Page No. 24

  1. Take 10 ml water in a beaker.
  2. Add a few drops of concentrated H2SO4 to it and swirl the beaker slowly.
  3. Touch the base of the beaker.
  4. Is there a change in temperature?
  5. Is this an exothermic or endothermic process?
  6. Repeat the above Activity with sodium hydroxide pellets and record your observations.

Observations:

  1. Add a few drops of concentrated H2SO4 to the water in a beaker → it becomes hot as the reaction is highly exothermic.
  2. Now, add NaOH pellets to water → the beaker becomes hot, the reaction is exothermic.

Class 10 Science Activity 2.11 Page No. 26

  1. Test the pH values of solutions given in the table.
  2. Record your observations.
  3. What is the nature of each substance on the basis of your observations?

MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts 21

Class 10 Science Activity 2.12 Page No. 27

  1. Put about 2 g soil in a test tube and add 5 mL water to it.
  2. Shake the contents of the test tube.
  3. Filter the contents and collect the filtrate in a test tube.
  4. Check the pH of this filtrate with the help of universal indicator paper.
  5. What can you conclude about the ideal soil pH for the growth of plants in your region?

Observations:
MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts 22
Class 10 Science Activity 2.13 Page No. 28,29

  1. Write the chemical formulae of the salts given below.
    Potassium sulphate, sodium sulphate, calcium sulphate. magnesium sulphate, copper sulphate, sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, sodium carbonate and ammonium chloride.
  2. Identify the acids and bases from which the above salts may be obtained.
  3. Salts having the same positive or negative radicals are said to belong to a family. For example. NaCl and Na2SO4 belong to the family of sodium salts. Similarly, NaCl and KCl belong to the family of chloride salts. How many families can you identify among the salts given in this Activity?

MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts 23

Class 10 Science Activity 2.14 Page No. 28

  1. Collect the following salt samples – sodium chloride, potassium nitrate, aluminium chloride, zinc sulphate, copper sulphate, sodium acetate, sodium carbonate and sodium hydrogen carbonate (some other salts available can also be taken).
  2. Check their solubility in water (use distilled water only).
  3. Check the action of these solutions on litmus and find the pH using a pH paper.
  4. Which of the salts are acidic, basic or neutral?
  5. Identify the acid or base used to form the salt.
  6. Report your observations in the table.

MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts 24

Class 10 Science Activity 2.15 Page No. 32

  1. Heat a few crystals of copper sulphate in a dry boiling tube.
  2. What is the colour of the copper sulphate after heating?
  3. Do you notice water droplets in the boiling tube? Where have these come from?
  4. Add 2-3 drops of water on the sample of copper sulphate obtained after heating
  5. What do you observe? Is the blue colour of copper sulphate restored?

Observations:

  1. On heating blue crystals of copper sulphate, it becomes colourless or white and few drops of water are seen on test tube due to condensation of water of crystallisation.
  2. On adding few drops of water to heated anhydrous copper sulphate, the blue colour of copper sulphate reappear.

MP Board Class 10th Science Solutions

MP Board Class 8th Hindi Sugam Bharti विविध प्रश्नावली 2

In this article, we will share MP Board Class 8 Hindi Book Solutions Sugam Bharti विविध प्रश्नावली 2 Pdf, These solutions are solved subject experts from the latest edition books.

MP Board Class 8th Hindi Sugam Bharti Solutions विविध प्रश्नावली 2

लघुउत्तरीय प्रश्नोत्तर

Class 8 Hindi Vividh Prashnavali 2 प्रश्न 1.
सही जोड़ी बनाइए
MP Board Class 8th Hindi Sugam Bharti विविध प्रश्नावली 2 1
MP Board Class 8th Hindi Sugam Bharti विविध प्रश्नावली 2 2
उत्तर
(अ) 4, (ब) 1, (स) 2, (द) 3

Class 8th Hindi Vividh Prashnavali 2 प्रश्न 2.
सही विकल्प चुनकर रिक्त स्थान की पूर्ति कीजिए
(1) हम पंछी उन्मुक्त ……………….के पिंजरबद्ध न ___गा पाएँगे।(चमन, गगन)
(2) अमीर खुसरो ने मन को छू लेने वाले …. लिखे। (गीत, लेख)
(3) दीनानाथ को विचारों में खोया देख उनकी पत्नी .. …………….. बोली। (मधुमती, मधुमिता)
(4) जो लोग समय तय करके भी घर नहीं मिलते हैं, वे मुझे भगवान के……. मालूम होते
(प्रेजेंट, एजेंट)
(5) ऐसा न कहिए जेलर साहब! मैं ………….. तरह अटल हूँ। (चटूटान, फौलाद)
उत्तर
(1) गगन
(2) गीत
(3) मधुमती
(4) एजेंट
(5) चट्टान।

MP Board Solutions

अति लघु उत्तरीय प्रश्न तर

MP Board Class 8 Hindi Vividh Prashnavali 2 प्रश्न 3.
1. बिस्मिल की माँ को किस बात का अफसोस था?
2. साँची में हर्षित कहाँ रुका था?
3. गाँव में सब्जियों की बेलें किस पर छाई हुई हैं?
4. बड़े सवाल का छोटा-सा जवाब पाने पर लेखक को कैसा लगता है?
5. छगन अचानक एक दिन किस समाचार को सुनकर उदास हो गया?
6. अपने गुरु के प्रतति खुसरो के मन में कौन-सा प्रेरक __ भाव था?
7. कवि किस प्रकार के पंखों के टूटने की बात कह रहा है?
उत्तर-
1. बिस्मिल की माँ को इस बात का अफ़सोस था कि उसका दूसरा बेटा अभी छोटा क्यों है?
2. साँची में हर्षित मध्य-प्रदेश पर्यटन विभाग के पर्यटक आवास गृह में रुका था।
3. गाँव में सब्जियों की बेलें खपरैलों पर छाई हुई हैं।
4. बड़े सवाल का छोटा-सा जवाब पाने पर लेखक को लगता है कि वह बच्चा है और किसी बुजुर्ग के सामने बक-बक कर रहा है।
5. छगन अचानक एक दिन यह समाचार सुनकर उदास हो गया कि शर्मा जी का स्थानांतर अन्य शहर में हो गया है।
6. अपने गुरु के प्रति खुसरो के मन में समर्पण का प्रेरक भाव था।
7. कवि पुलकित पंखों के टूटने की बात कह रहा है।

लघु उत्तरीय प्रश्नोत्तर

Vividh Prashnawali 2 प्रश्न 4.
(क) ‘हम बहता जल पीने वाले मर जाएँगे भूखे-प्यासे’ कवि ने ऐसा क्यों कहा है?
(ख) ईश्वर प्राप्ति के संबंध में खुसरों के गुरु के क्या विचार थे?
(ग) नर्सिंग होम के उद्घाटन के समय किस प्रकार का वातावरण था?
(घ) हरिशंकर परसाई के अनुसार किस प्रकार के लोगों की चर्चा करना व्यर्थ है?
(ङ) ‘ग्राम्य जीवन’ कविता के आधार पर लिखिए कि “गाँव के लोग परिश्रमी होते हैं।”
(त) अपने साथियों को बढ़ने के लिए स्कूल जाते देखकर लिंकन क्या सोचते थे?
(य) बिस्मिल की माँ अन्य साधारण स्त्रियों से किस प्रकार भिन्न थी?
(द) हर्षित ने साँची के संग्रहालय में क्या-क्या देखा?
उत्तर
(क) ‘हम बहता जल पीने वाले मर जायेंगे भूखे-प्यासे’ कवि ने ऐसा इसलिए कहा है कि स्वतंत्रता परतंत्रता के बंधन से समाप्त हो जाती है। उसके सारे अरमान और शक्तिक्षमता एक-एक करके व्यर्थ हो जाती हैं।
(ख) ईश्वर-प्राप्ति के संबंध में खुसरो के गुरु के विचार बहुत उत्तम थे। उनके अनुसार ईश्वर को अलौकिक प्रेम से ही प्राप्त किया जा सकता है।
(ग) नर्सिंग होम के पास पंडाल लगा था। अतिथियों का आगमन शुरू हो चुका था। चारों ओर हँसी-खुशी का वातावरण दिखाई दे रहा था।
(घ) हरि शंकर परसाई के अनुसार ऐसे लोगों की चर्चा करना व्यर्थ है जो समय पर घर मिलते हैं और समय पर दूसरे के घर भी जाते हैं। ये घर में रहेंगे तो टाइमपीस देखते रहेंगे और बाहर होंगे तो हाथ घड़ी देखते रहेंगे।
(ङ) गाँव के लोग घोर परिश्रम करते हैं। इसलिए वे आलसी नहीं होते हैं। वे दिन-भर खेतों में काम करते रहते हैं। इस प्रकार वे आत्मनिर्भर होते हैं।
(त) अपने अमीर साथियों को पढ़ने के लिए स्कूल जाते लिंकन देखता तो सोचता ये पढ़ने जाते हैं। इनके पास सुख के अनेक साधन हैं। ये बड़े होकर कुर्सी पर बैठेंगे।
(थ) बिस्मिल की माँ अन्य साधारण स्त्रियों की तरह रोने-चीखने वाली नहीं थीं। उसने अपने बेटे बिस्मिल को बचपन से त्याग, वीरता और देश-प्रेम का पाठ पढ़ाया था।
(द) हर्षित ने संग्रहालय में अनेक पुरातत्त्व महत्त्व की वस्तुएँ देखीं। उसने अनेक मूर्तियों और मंदिरों के भग्नावशेषों व कलाकृतियों को देखा। उसने अशोक स्तंभ का सिंह-चिह्न और बौद्ध-भिक्षुओं द्वारा उपयोग किए जाने वाले पात्रों को भी देखा।

MP Board Solutions

Vividh Prashnavali 2 प्रश्न 5.
निम्नलिखित पंक्तियों का अर्थ लिखिएनीड़ न दो, चाहे टहनी का आश्रय छिन्न-भिन्न कर डालो, लेकिन पंख दिये हैं, तो आकुल उड़ान में विघ्न न डालो।
उत्तर
पंक्षी मनुष्य से कह रहा है कि उसे टहनी का आश्रय भले न हो और उसे छिन्न-भिन्न कर डालो। लेकिन उसे विष्ट पता ने उड़ने के लिए पंख दिए हैं, तो उसे उड़ने से मत रोको। उसे स्वतंत्र उड़ान भरने दो।

Class 8 Hindi Bhasha Bharti Vividh Prashnavali 2 प्रश्न 6.
आपके द्वारा देखे गए किसी दर्शनीय स्थल का तिथिवार वर्णन अपने शब्दों में कीजिए।
उत्तर
इस प्रश्न को छात्र/छात्रा अपने अध्यापक/अध्यापिका की सहायता से हल करें।

प्रश्न 7.
(अ) निम्नलिखित शब्दों के विलोम शब्द लिखिएसाक्षर, शिष्टता, निंदा, सुविधा अल्पायु।
उत्तर-
(अ) शब्द – विलोम शब्द
साक्षर – निरक्षर
शिष्टता – धृष्टता
निंदा – स्तुति
सुविधा – असुविधा
अल्पायु – दीर्घायु

(ब) निम्नलिखित शब्दों के दो-दो पर्यायवाची लिखिए
विश्व, शाम, घर, माँ, जमीन, देश।
उत्तर-
विश्व – संसार, जगत
शाम – संध्या, साँझ
माँ – जननी, जन्मदात्री
जमीन – भूमि, भू
देश – राष्ट्र, वतन

(स) निम्नलिखित मुहावरों का वाक्यों में प्रयोग कीजिए
जी चाहना, आँखों से परनाले बहना, कदम डगमगाना।
उत्तर-
(स) जी चाहना-पुत्र को देखने के लिए माँ का जी चाहता है। आँखों से परनाले बहना-पुत्र को जेल की कोठरी में देखकर माँ की आँखों से परनाले बहने लगे। कदम डगमगाना-अदालत में बयान देते समय अपराधी के कदम डगमगाने लगे।

(द) निम्नलिखित वाक्यों में से सरल, संयुक्त और मिश्र वाक्य पहचानकर लिखिए-
अपनी भारत माँ की अच्छी तरह सेवा करना। मेरे देश को आजादी मिले और मेरे देशवासी उस दिन आँसू बहाएँ यह मुझसे सहन नहीं हो सकेगा माँ। मेरी इच्छा है कि तू मातृभूमि की रक्षा करे।
उत्तर-
(द) अपनी भारत माँ की अच्छी तरह सेवा करना – सरल वाक्य।_मेरे देश को आजादी मिले और मेरे देशवासी उस दिन आँसू बहाएँ, यह मुझसे सहन नहीं हो सकेगा माँ-संयुक्त वाक्य। मेरी इच्छा है कि तू मातृभूमि की रक्षा करे-मिश्रित वाक्य।

MP Board Solutions

Vividh Prashnavali 2 Hindi Class 8 प्रश्न 8.
(अ) नीचे लिखे शब्दों से विशेषण शब्द अलग करके लिखिए
(1) बूढ़ा नीम
(2) फटे जूते
(3) सूखा घास
(4) मीठी बातें
उत्तर-
(अ) शब्द – विशेषण शब्द
बूढ़ा नीम – बूढ़ा
फटे जूते – फटे
सूखा घास – सूखा
मीठी बातें – मीठी

(ब) पाठ्य पुस्तक में पढ़ी हुई किसी कविता की चार पंक्तियाँ लिखिए।

(घ) स्वर्ण-शृंखला के बंधन में
अपनी गति, उड़ान सब भूलें,
बस सपनों में देख रहे हैं,
तरु की फुनगी पर के झूले।

Class 8 Hindi Vividh Prashnawali 2 प्रश्न 9.
अपने प्रधान अध्यापक को फीस माफ करने विषयक प्रार्थना-पत्र लिखिए।
उत्तर
देखें पत्र-भाग।

MP Board Class 8th Science Solutions Chapter 6 दहन और ज्वाला

MP Board Class 8th Science Solutions Chapter 6 दहन और ज्वाला

MP Board Class 8th Science Chapter 6 पाठ के अन्तर्गत के प्रश्नोत्तर

पाठ्य-पुस्तक पृष्ठ संख्या # 64

MP Board Class 8 Science Chapter 6 प्रश्न 1.
क्या आप अपने घरों में प्रयुक्त होने वाले कुछ ईंधनों के नाम बता सकते हैं?
उत्तर:
हाँ, हमारे घरों में प्रयुक्त होने वाले कुछ ईंधन गोबर के कण्डे, लकड़ी, कोयला, काष्ठ कोयला, मिट्टी का तेल, एलपीजी (LPG) आदि हैं।

प्रश्न 2.
व्यापार और उद्योगों में उपयोग होने वाले कुछ ईंधनों के नाम बताइए।
उत्तर:
व्यापार और उद्योगों में उपयोग होने वाले कुछ ईंधन: एलपीजी (LPG), कोयला, पेट्रोल, डीजल, नाभिकीय ईंधन आदि हैं।

MP Board Solutions

Class 8 Science Chapter 6 MP Board प्रश्न 3.
मोटर गाड़ियाँ चलाने में कौन-से ईंधन काम में आते हैं?
उत्तर:
मोटर गाड़ियाँ चलाने में पेट्रोल, डीजल, संपीडित प्राकृतिक गैस (CNG) और एलपीजी (LPG) काम में आते हैं।

प्रश्न 4.
मोमबत्ती के जलने और कोयले जैसे ईंधन के जलने में क्या अन्तर है?
उत्तर:
मोमबत्ती ज्वाला के साथ जलती है जबकि कोयला नहीं।

दहन क्या है?

प्रश्न 1.
काष्ठ कोयले के टुकड़े को संडासी से पकड़िये और एक मोमबत्ती अथवा बुसेन बर्नर की ज्वाला के निकट लाइए। आप क्या देखते हैं?
उत्तर:
हम देखते हैं कि काष्ठ कोयला वायु में जलता है और जलकर कार्बन डाइऑक्साइड, ऊष्मा और प्रकाश देता है।

MP Board Solutions

MP Board Class 8th Science Chapter 6 प्रश्न 2.
हमें बताया गया था कि भोजन हमारे शरीर के लिए ईंधन है।
उत्तर:
हाँ, यह ठीक है। हमारे शरीर में भोजन ऑक्सीजन से अभिक्रिया कर अपघटित होता है और ऊष्मा उत्पन्न होती है।

पाठ्य-पुस्तक पृष्ठ संख्या # 65

क्रियाकलाप 6.1

प्रश्न 1.
यदि पदार्थ जलता है तो इसे दाहा दिखाइए; अन्यथा उसे अदाह्य दिखाइए।
उत्तर:
MP Board Class 8th Science Solutions Chapter 6 दहन और ज्वाला 1

MP Board 8th Class Science Book प्रश्न 2.
क्या आप कुछ और पदार्थों के नाम बता सकते हैं जो दाह्य हैं?
उत्तर:
हाँ, कपड़े, रबड़, प्लास्टिक, कोयला आदि दाह्य पदार्थ हैं।

क्रियाकलाप 6.2

प्रश्न 1.
देखिए ज्वाला को क्या होता है?
उत्तर:
जब वायु चिमनी में नीचे से प्रवेश करती है तो मोमबत्ती निर्बाध रूप से जलती है।

प्रश्न 2.
पुनः ज्वाला को देखिए।
उत्तर:
जब चिमनी में नीचे से वायु प्रवेश नहीं कर पाती तो ज्वाला में कम्पन होता है और धुआँ उत्पन्न होता है।

MP Board Class 8 Science प्रश्न 3.
ज्वाला को पुनः देखिए। तीनों स्थितियों में क्या होता है? क्या ज्वाला कम्पन करती हुई बुझ जाती है? क्या यह कम्पन करती है और धुआँ देती है? क्या यह अप्रभावित जलती रहती है? क्या आप दहन प्रक्रम में वायु की भूमिका के बारे में कुछ निष्कर्ष निकाल सकते हैं?
उत्तर:
इस स्थिति में ज्वाला बुझ जाती है क्योंकि उसे वायु उपलब्ध नहीं हो पाती।

पाठ्य-पुस्तक पृष्ठ संख्या # 66

प्रश्न 1.
हमने पढ़ा है कि सूर्य अपनी ऊष्मा और प्रकाश स्वयं उत्पन्न करता है। क्या यह भी एक प्रकार का दहन है?
उत्तर:
सूर्य में ऊष्मा और प्रकाश नाभिकीय अभिक्रियाओं द्वारा उत्पन्न होते हैं। हाँ, यह भी एक प्रकार का दहन है।

क्रियाकलाप 6.3

MP Board Class 8th Science प्रश्न 1.
देखिए क्या होता है? क्या कुछ समय बाद लकड़ी का कोयला जलना बन्द हो जाता है? क्या आप सोचते हैं कि यह जलना बन्द क्यों हो जाता है?
उत्तर
पहले तो कोयला जलता रहता है लेकिन जैसे ही इसके ऊपर एक काँच का जार अथवा प्लास्टिक का जार इसके ऊपर रखते हैं तो इसका जलना बन्द हो जाता है। कोयले के ऊपर जार रखने से वायु का प्रवाह रुक जाता है जो कि दहन के लिए आवश्यक है।

प्रश्न 2.
आपने सुना होगा कि जब किसी व्यक्ति के वस्त्र आग पकड़ लेते हैं तो आग बुझाने के लिए व्यक्ति को कम्बल से ढक देते हैं। क्या आप बता सकते हैं कि ऐसा क्यों करते हैं?
उत्तर:
ऐसा इसलिए करते हैं कि कम्बल से व्यक्ति को ढ़कने से उसके वस्त्रों को जलने के लिए ऑक्सीजन (वायु) नहीं मिल पाती इससे आग तुरन्त बुझ जाती है।

प्रश्न 3.
क्या एक माचिस की तीली अपने आप जल उठती है? यह किस प्रकार जलाई जाती है?
उत्तर:
नहीं, एक माचिस की तीली अपने आप नहीं जलती, इसे माचिस के बगल से रगड़कर जलाया जाता है।

MP Board 8th Science प्रश्न 4.
आपको कागज के टुकड़े को जलाने का अनुभव अवश्य होगा। जब जलती हुई माचिस की तीली इसके पास लाते हैं तो क्या यह जल उठता है?
उत्तर:
हाँ, जब जलती हुई माचिस की तीली इसके पास लाते हैं तो यह जल उठता है।

MP Board Solutions

प्रश्न 5.
क्या आप लकड़ी के एक टुकड़े को जलती माचिस की तीली उसके पास लाकर जला सकते हैं?
उत्तर:
नहीं, क्योंकि लकड़ी का ज्वलन ताप अधिक है। इसे जलाने के लिए लकड़ी के टुकड़े को अधिक देर तक गरम करना पड़ेगा, जबकि जलती हुई माचिस की तीली बहुत जल्दी बुझ जाती है।

प्रश्न 6.
लकड़ी या कोयले को जलाने के लिए आपको कागज अथवा मिट्टी के तेल का उपयोग क्यों करना पड़ता है?
उत्तर:
क्योंकि लकड़ी अथवा कोयले का ज्वलनांक अधिक है। इन्हें जलने से पहले गर्म होने के लिए अधिक समय की आवश्यकता होती है। यही कारण है कि इन्हें जलाने के लिए कागज अथवा मिट्टी के तेल का उपयोग करना पड़ता है।

Class 8 MP Board Science Chapter 6 प्रश्न 7.
क्या आपने जंगल में लगने वाली आग के बारे में सुना है?
उत्तर:
हाँ, हमने गर्मी के मौसम में जंगल में लगने वाली आग के बारे में सुना है। गर्मी के मौसम में अधिक गर्मी पड़ने पर सूखी घास आग पकड़ लेती है। घास से आग पेड़ों में फैलती है और शीघ्र ही पूरा जंगल आग की चपेट में आ जाता है।

पाठ्य-पुस्तक पृष्ठ संख्या # 67

प्रश्न 1.
क्या ये अनुभव आपको बताते हैं कि विभिन्न पदार्थ विभिन्न ताप पर आग पकड़ते हैं?
उत्तर:
हाँ, ये हमें बताते हैं कि विभिन्न पदार्थ विभिन्न ताप पर आग पकड़ते हैं क्योंकि प्रत्येक पदार्थ का ज्वलन ताप स्थिर होता है।

प्रश्न 2.
क्या अब आप बता सकते हैं कि कमरे के ताप पर माचिस की तीली अपने आप आग क्यों नहीं पकड़ लेती? माचिस की तीली माचिस की डिबिया के बगल में रगड़ने पर ही क्यों जल जाती है?
उत्तर:
कोई भी दाह पदार्थ तब तक आग नहीं पकड़ सकता जब तक कि उसका ताप उसके ज्वलन ताप से कम रहता है। अतः जब माचिस की तीली को माचिस की डिब्बे के बगल में रगड़ते हैं, तो यह अपने ज्वलन ताप पर पहुँच जाती है और जलने लगती है।

MP Board Solutions

Class 8 Science MP Board प्रश्न 3.
क्या आपने कभी भोजन पकाने वाले तेल को आग पकड़ते देखा है? जब तलने वाला बर्तन लम्बे समय तक जलते हुए स्टोव पर रखा रहता है?
उत्तर:
हाँ, यद्यपि भोजन पकाने वाला तेल कमरे के ताप पर आग नहीं पकड़ता है। परन्तु जब उसका ताप कमरे के ताप से अधिक हो जाता है तो यह आग पकड़ लेता है। यही कारण है कि जब तलने वाला बर्तन लम्बे समय तक जलते हुए स्टोव पर रखा रहता है तो वह अपने ज्वलन ताप पर पहुँच जाता है और आग पकड़ लेता है।

प्रश्न 4.
क्या मिट्टी के तेल का ज्वलन-ताप लकड़ी के ज्वलन ताप से कम है? क्या इसका अर्थ है कि मिट्टी के तेल के रखने में हमें विशेष सावधानी बरतनी होगी?
उत्तर:
हाँ, मिट्टी के तेल का ज्वलन ताप लकड़ी के ज्वलन ताप से कम है अतः मिट्टी के तेल के रखने में हमें विशेष सावधानी बरतनी होगी।

क्रियाकलाप 6.4

प्रश्न 1.
आप क्या देखते हैं?
उत्तर:
कागज का वह कप जिसमें पानी लिया गया है, नहीं जलता है जबकि दूसरा कप जल जाता है।

MP Board Class 8 Science Solutions प्रश्न 2.
कागज के खाली कप का क्या होता है? जलयुक्त कागज के कप का क्या होता है? क्या इस कप का जल गर्म हो जाता है?
उत्तर:
जब खाली कप को गर्म किया जाता है तो वह कुछ क्षण में ही जलने लगता है लेकिन जलयुक्त कागज का कप नहीं जलता। हाँ, इस कप का जल गर्म हो जाता है।

पाठ्य-पुस्तक पृष्ठ संख्या # 68

प्रश्न 1.
क्या आप इस परिघटना का कोई स्पष्टीकरण सोच सकते हैं?
उत्तर:
हाँ, जब कागज के कप को ऊष्मा दी जाती है तो वह ऊष्मा चालन द्वारा जल में चली जाती है। अतः जल की उपस्थिति में ताप कागज के ज्वलन ताप तक नहीं पहुँच पाता इसलिए वह जलता नहीं है।

हम आग पर नियन्त्रण कैसे पाते हैं?

MP Board 8th Class Science प्रश्न 1.
क्या आपके शहर/नगर में फायर ब्रिगेड स्टेशन है?
उत्तर:
हाँ, हमारे शहर में फायर ब्रिगेड स्टेशन है।

प्रश्न 2.
जब फायर ब्रिगेड आती है तो वह क्या करती है?
उत्तर:
वह आग के ऊपर जल की बौछार करती है।

MP Board Solutions

प्रश्न 3.
आग उत्पन्न करने के लिए तीन आवश्यकताएँ होती हैं। क्या आप इन आवश्यकताओं की सूची बना सकते हैं?
उत्तर:
हाँ, ये आवश्यकताएँ हैं – ईंधन, वायु (ऑक्सीजन) और ऊष्मा।

पाठ्य-पुस्तक पृष्ठ संख्या # 69

MP Board Class 8 Vigyan प्रश्न 1.
क्या आपको याद है कि जल तेल से भारी होता है?
उत्तर:
हाँ, जल तेल से भारी होता है। जल नीचे चला जाता है और तेल ऊपर तैरता रहता है।

प्रश्न 2.
हमें कार्बन डाइऑक्साइड की आपूर्ति कहाँ से मिलती है?
उत्तर:
हमें कार्बन डाइऑक्साइड की आपूर्ति सिलिण्डरों से प्राप्त होती है। सिलिण्डरों में यह उच्च दाब पर द्रव के रूप में भरी रहती है।

प्रश्न 3.
एलपीजी किस रूप में सिलिण्डरों में रखी जाती है?
उत्तर:
सिलिण्डरों में एलपीजी द्रव के रूप में रखी जाती है।

दहन के प्रकार

Class 8 Science Solutions MP Board प्रश्न 1.
गैस स्टोव की घुण्डी (नॉब) घुमाकर गैस चालू कर दीजिए। आप क्या देखते हैं?
उत्तर:
हम देखते हैं कि गैस तेजी से जलती है तथा ऊष्मा और प्रकाश उत्पन्न करती है।

पाठ्य-पुस्तक पृष्ठ संख्या में 70

ज्वाला

प्रश्न 1.
एलपीजी ज्वाला का परीक्षण कीजिए। क्या आप ज्वाला का रंग बता सकते हैं? एक मोमबत्ती की ज्वाला का रंग कैसा होता है?
उत्तर:
हाँ, इसकी ज्वाला का रंग हल्का नीला (Bluish) होता है। मोमबत्ती की ज्वाला का रंग पीला (Yellowish) होता है।

प्रश्न 2.
अपने प्रेक्षण रिकॉर्ड करिए और सारणी में लिखिए कि पदार्थ ज्वाला देता है या नहीं?
उत्तर:
दहन पर ज्वाला देने वाले पदार्थ पदार्थ:
MP Board Class 8th Science Solutions Chapter 6 दहन और ज्वाला 2

पाठ्य-पुस्तक पृष्ठ संख्या # 71

ज्वाला की संरचना क्रियाकलाप 6.5

प्रश्न 1.
क्या वहाँ ज्वाला उत्पन्न होती है? यदि ऐसा है, तो वह क्या है जो ज्वाला उत्पन्न करता है?
उत्तर:
हाँ, मोमबत्ती का पिघला हुआ मोम धागे के सहारे ऊपर आता है और दहन के समय वाष्पित होकर ज्वाला उत्पन्न करता है।

MP Board Solutions

प्रश्न 2.
क्रियाकलाप 6.5 में, क्या काँच की नली से बाहर निकलने वाला मोम का वाष्प क्या ज्वाला उत्पन्न होने का कारण हो सकता है?
उत्तर”
हाँ, काँच की नली से बाहर निकलने वाला मोम का वाष्प ज्वाला उत्पन्न करने का कारण हो सकता है।

MP Board Class 8 Science Solutions Hindi Medium प्रश्न 3.
क्या यह दर्शाता है कि ज्वाला के अदीप्त क्षेत्र का ताप बहुत अधिक है?
उत्तर:
हाँ, यह दर्शाता है कि ज्वाला के अदीप्त क्षेत्र का ताप बहुत अधिक है।

पाठ्य-पुस्तक पृष्ठ संख्या # 71-72

प्रश्न 1.
सोने और चाँदी को पिघलाने के लिए सुनार धातु की फुकनी से ज्वाला के सबसे बाहरी भाग को उस पर फूंकते हैं। वे ज्वाला के सबसे बाहरी भाग का उपयोग क्यों करते हैं?
उत्तर:
वे ज्वाला के सबसे बाहरी भाग का उपयोग इसलिए करते हैं क्योंकि ज्वाला के सबसे बाहरी भाग का ताप सबसे अधिक होता है।

पाठ्य-पुस्तक पृष्ठ संख्या # 72

ईंधन क्या है?

प्रश्न 1.
जिन ईंधनों से आप परिचित हैं, उनकी सूची बनाइए। सारणी की भाँति इन्हें ठोस, द्रव और गैसीय ईंधनों में वर्गीकृत कीजिए।
उत्तर:
ईंधनों के प्रारूप:

ठोस ईंधन द्रव ईंधन गैसीय ईंधन
कोयला मिट्टी का तेल प्राकृतिक गैस
लकड़ी पेट्रोल एलपीजी
कपड़े (उपले) डीजल गोबर गैस

ईंधन क्षमता

प्रश्न 1.
यदि आपसे कहा जाए कि गोबर के उपले, कोयला और एलपीजी को जलाकर पानी की एक निश्चित मात्रा को उबालें, तो आप कौन-से ईंधन को चुनेंगे? इसका कारण बताइए। आप अपने माता-पिता की मदद ले सकते हैं। क्या ये ईंधन बराबर मात्रा में ऊष्मा उत्पन्न करते हैं?
उत्तर:
हम एलपीजी को चुनेंगे क्योंकि:

  1. यह आसानी से जलती है।
  2. यह आसानी से उपलब्ध हो जाती है और सस्ती है।
  3. यह उपले और कोयले की अपेक्षा अधिक ऊष्मा देती है।
  4. यह स्वच्छ ईंधन है। यह धुआँ और राख उत्पन्न नहीं करती।

नहीं, ये ईंधन की बराबर मात्रा में ऊष्मा उत्पन्न नहीं करते हैं।

पाठ्य-पुस्तक पृष्ठ संख्या # 73

ईंधन के दहन से हानिकारक उत्पाद प्राप्त होते हैं।

प्रश्न 1.
ओह! इसलिए हमें सलाह दी जाती है कि उस कमरे में कभी न सोयें जिसमें जलते व सुलगते कोयले की आग हो।
उत्तर:
जलते अथवा सुलगते कोयले से कार्बन मोनोक्साइड गैस निकलती है। यह अत्यन्त विषैली गैस है। इस गैस से कमरे में सो रहे व्यक्तियों की मृत्यु भी हो सकती है।

MP Board Class 8th Science Chapter 6 पाठान्त अभ्यास के प्रश्नोत्तर

प्रश्न 1.
दहन की परिस्थितियों की सूची बनाइए।
उत्तर:
दहन के लिए परिस्थितियाँ हैं –

  1. वायु (ऑक्सीजन)।
  2. ईंधन।
  3. ऊष्मा (ईंधन का ताप ज्वलन ताप से अधिक करने हेतु)।

प्रश्न 2.
रिक्त स्थानों की पूर्ति कीजिए –

  1. लकड़ी और कोयला जलने से वायु का …….. होता है।
  2. घरों में काम करने वाला एक द्रव ईंधन ……….. है।
  3. जलना प्रारम्भ होने से पहले ईंधन को उसके ……….. तक गर्म करना आवश्यक है।
  4. तेल द्वारा उत्पन्न आग को ……… द्वारा नियन्त्रित नहीं किया जा सकता।

उत्तर:

  1. प्रदूषण।
  2. एलपीजी।
  3. ज्वलन ताप।
  4. जल।

प्रश्न 3.
समझाइए कि मोटर वाहनों में सीएनजी के उपयोग से हमारे शहरों का प्रदूषण किस प्रकार कम हुआ है?
उत्तर:
सीएनजी सल्फर और नाइट्रोजन के ऑक्साइडों का उत्पादन अल्प मात्रा में करती है। यह पेट्रोल और डीजल की अपेक्षा एक स्वच्छ ईंधन है। इससे हमारे शहरों का प्रदूषण कम हुआ है।

MP Board Solutions

प्रश्न 4.
ईंधन के रूप में एलपीजी और लकड़ी की तुलना कीजिए।
उत्तर:
एलपीजी लकड़ी की अपेक्षा आसानी से जलती है और अधिक ऊष्मा देती है। यह धुआँ और राख का उत्पादन नहीं करती। यह एक स्वच्छ ईंधन है। यह वायु को प्रदूषित नहीं करती जबकि लकड़ी वायु को प्रदूषित करती है।

प्रश्न 5.
कारण बताइए –

  1. विद्युत् उपकरण से सम्बद्ध आग पर नियन्त्रण पाने हेतु जल का उपयोग नहीं किया जाता।
  2. एलपीजी लकड़ी से अच्छा घरेलू ईंधन है।
  3. कागज स्वयं सरलता से आग पकड़ लेता है जबकि ऐलुमिनियम पाइप के चारों ओर लपेटा गया कागज का टुकड़ा आग नहीं पकड़ता।

उत्तर:

  1. जल विद्युत् का सुचालक है इससे आग बुझाने वाले व्यक्ति को करंट लग सकता है। इसलिए विद्युत् उपकरण से सम्बद्ध आग पर नियन्त्रण पाने हेतु जल का उपयोग नहीं किया जाता।
  2. एलपीजी लकड़ी की अपेक्षा अच्छा घरेलू ईंधन है। क्योंकि यह सस्ता और आसानी से उपलब्ध है। यह अधिक मात्रा में ऊष्मा उत्पन्न करता है। इससे हानिकारक गैसों का उत्पादन नहीं होता।
  3. क्योंकि कागज एक दाह्य पदार्थ है। यह आसानी से आग पकड़ लेता है। परन्तु जब इसे ऐलुमिनियम पाइप के चारों ओर लपेट कर ऊष्मा देते हैं तो ऊष्मा ऐलुमिनियम पाइप में प्रवाहित हो जाती है जिससे पाइप के चारों ओर लपेटे हुए कागज का ज्वलन ताप कम हो जाता है। यही कारण है कि ऐलुमिनियम पाइप पर लपेटा हुआ कागज का टुकड़ा आग नहीं पकड़ता।

प्रश्न 6.
मोमबत्ती की ज्वाला का चिह्नित चित्र बनाइए।
उत्तर:
MP Board Class 8th Science Solutions Chapter 6 दहन और ज्वाला 3

प्रश्न 7.
ईंधन के ऊष्मीय मान को किस मात्रक द्वारा प्रदर्शित किया जाता है?
उत्तर:
ईंधन के ऊष्मीय मान को किलोजूल प्रति किलोग्राम (k J/kg) मात्रक द्वारा प्रदर्शित किया जाता है।

प्रश्न 8.
समझाइए कि CO2 किस प्रकार आग को नियन्त्रित करती है?
उत्तर:
ऑक्सीजन से भारी होने के कारण CO2 आग को एक कम्बल की तरह लपेट लेती है। इससे ईंधन और ऑक्सीजन के बीच सम्पर्क टूट जाता है और आग पर नियन्त्रण हो जाता है।

प्रश्न 9.
हरी पत्तियों के ढेर को जलाना कठिन होता है परन्तु सूखी पत्तियों में आग आसानी से लग जाती है। समझाइए।
उत्तर:
हरी पत्तियों के ढेर को जलाना इसलिए कठिन होता है क्योंकि उनमें जल की मात्रा अधिक होती है। परन्तु सूखी पत्तियों में आग आसानी से इसलिए लग जाती है क्योंकि उनमें जल की मात्रा होती ही नहीं और होती भी है तो बहुत कम।

प्रश्न 10.
सोने और चाँदीको पिघलाने के लिए स्वर्णकार ज्वाला के किस क्षेत्र का उपयोग करते हैं और क्यों?
उत्तर:
सोने और चाँदी को पिघलाने के लिए स्वर्णकार धातु की फुकनी द्वारा ज्वाला के सबसे बाहरी क्षेत्र का उपयोग करते हैं। क्योंकि ज्वाला के सबसे बाहरी क्षेत्र का ताप सबसे अधिक होता है जो चाँदी और सोने को पिघलाने के लिए काफी है।

प्रश्न 11.
एक प्रयोग में 4.5 kg ईंधन का पूर्णतया दहन किया गया। उत्पन्न ऊष्मा का 1,80,000 kJ था। ईंधन का ऊष्मीय मान परिकलित कीजिए।
हल:
MP Board Class 8th Science Solutions Chapter 6 दहन और ज्वाला 4
प्रश्न 12.
क्या जंग लगने के प्रक्रम को दहन कहा जा सकता है? विवेचना कीजिए।
उत्तर:
हाँ, जंग लगने के प्रक्रम को दहन कहा जा सकता है क्योंकि यह दहन की मन्द प्रक्रिया है। जंग लगने की प्रक्रिया वायुमण्डल में आर्द्रता में उपस्थित ऑक्सीजन की उपस्थिति में होती है।

MP Board Solutions

प्रश्न 13.
आबिदा और रमेश ने एक प्रयोग किया जिसमें बीकर में रखे जल को गर्म किया गया। आबिदा ने बीकर को मोमबत्ती की ज्वाला के पीले आग के पास रखा। रमेश ने बीकर को ज्वाला के सबसे बाहरी भाग के पास रखा। किसका पानी कम समय में गर्म हो जाएगा।
उत्तर:
रमेश के बीकर का पानी कम समय में गर्म हो जाएगा क्योंकि ज्वाला का बाहरी भाग सबसे गर्म होता है और पीला भाग आंशिक दहन वाला और कम गर्म होता है।

MP Board Class 8th Science Solutions

MP Board Class 7th Hindi Sugam Bharti Solutions Chapter 1 प्रार्थना

In this article, we will share MP Board Class 7th Hindi Solutions Chapter 1 प्रार्थना Pdf, Class 7th Hindi Chapter 1 Prarthana, These solutions are solved subject experts from the latest edition books.

MP Board Class 7th Hindi Sugam Bharti Solutions Chapter 1 प्रार्थना

MP Board Class 7th Hindi Sugam Bharti Chapter 1 प्रश्न-अभ्यास

वस्तुनिष्ठ प्रश्न
MP Board Class 7th Hindi Chapter 1 प्रश्न 1.
MP Board Class 7th Hindi Sugam Bharti Solutions Chapter 1 प्रार्थना 1
उत्तर:
1. (ख), 2. (क), 3. (घ), 4. (ग)

(ख) दिए गए शब्दों में से उपयुक्त शब्द चुनकर काव्य पंक्तियाँ पूर्ण कीजिए

1. अपने सुख-दुख को ……………. सहें हम। (चुपचाप/सहष)
2. थके हुए के लिए ……………. सदा बहे हम। (दवा की तरह/हवा की तरह)
3. बैठे आँखों में ……………. भरने को। (आशा/आँसू)
4. माँ! इन नन्हें हाथों को बस यह ……………. दो अपना। (प्रभार/प्रसाद)
उत्तर
1. चुपचाप
2. दवा की तरह
3. आँसू
4. प्रसाद।

MP Board Solutions

MP Board Class 7th Hindi Sugam Bharti Chapter 1 अति लघु उत्तरीय प्रश्न

पाठ – 1 प्रार्थना Question Answer Class 7 प्रश्न 2.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर एक-एक वाक्य में लिखिए

(क) कवि अपनी मुट्ठी में क्या बाँधना चाहता है?
उत्तर
कवि अपनी मुट्ठी में तकदीर बाँधना चाहता है।

(ख) हम सीना तानकर किस प्रकार खड़े हों?
उत्तर
हम पर्वत की तरह सीना तानकर खड़े हों।

(ग) कवि नन्हें हाथों में किस प्रसाद को चाहता है?
उत्तर
कवि नन्हें हाथों में ऐसा प्रसाद चाहता है जिससे वह यो कार्य कर सके जिसको लोग सपना मानते हैं।

(घ) इस कविता में ‘माँ’ का संबोधन किसके लिए है?
उत्तर
कवित में ‘माँ’ का संबोधन भारत माता के लिए है।

MP Board Solutions

MP Board Class 7th Hindi Sugam Bharti Chapter 1 लघु उत्तरीय प्रश्न

Class 7 Hindi Chapter 1 Prarthana प्रश्न 3.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर तीन से पाँच वाक्यों में लिखिए

(क) कबि माँ से क्या-क्या प्रार्थना करता है?
उत्तर
कवि माँ से प्रार्थना करता है कि वह बुद्धि और बल से श्रेष्ठ बने। उनका सिर पर्वत सा ऊँचा हो ताकि वे सभी मुसीबतों का डटकर मुकाबला करे। हममें इतनी शक्ति हो कि हम जरूरतमंदों की सेवा कर सकें। हम अपने दुःखों का चुपचाप सहें। वह कार्य भी कर सकें जिसे सब सपना समझते हैं।

(ख) ‘सावन से घिर आएँ’ का क्या तात्पर्य है?
उत्तर
‘सावन से घिर आएँ’ पंक्ति में कवि का तात्पर्य है कि माँ हमें इतनी शक्ति और बुद्धि प्रदान करे कि हम सभी प्यासों की प्यास बुझा सकें तथा हर सूखी और बंजर भूमि को तृप्त कर सकें।

(ग) कवि नन्हें हार्यों को कहाँ तक पहुँचाना चाहता है?
उत्तर
कवि नन्हें हाथों को वहाँ तक पहुँचाना चाहता है जहाँ तक लोग मात्र सपना समझते हैं अर्थात हर समय उनके हाथ दूसरों की मदद के लिए उठे।

(घ) इस कविता का भावार्थ लिखिए।
उत्तर
संपूर्ण कविता में कवि ने बच्चों को प्रार्थना के माध्यम परिपूर्ण बनने का आहान किया है। बच्चे माँ के सामने प्रार्थना करते हैं कि उनकी बुद्धि और बल दोनों श्रेष्ठ हो ताकि वे उन व्यक्तियों की सेवा कर सके जो दुबल एवं क्षीण हैं। अपने दुःखों को सहने तथा दीन-दुखियों की सहायता करने पर बल दिया गया है।

MP Board Solutions

भाषा की बात

Class 7 Hindi Chapter 1 MP Board प्रश्न 4.
निम्नलिखित शब्दों के सही उच्चारण कीजिए
बुद्धि, आँधी, मुसीबत, तकबीर, लौ, अँधियारे
उत्तर
छात्र स्वयं करें।

MP Board Class 7 Hindi Chapter 1 प्रश्न 5.
निम्नलिखित शब्दों की वर्तनी शुद्ध कीजिए
साबन, बुद्धि, पिरसाद, सदेव, परबत, पियासे
उत्तर
शुद्ध-साबुन, बुद्धि, प्रसाद, सदैव, पर्वत, प्यास।

MP Board Class 7th Hindi प्रश्न 6.
निम्नलिखित शब्दों के दो-दो पर्यायवाची शब्द लिखिए
पर्वत, सिर, सागर, हवा, धरती, आँख
उत्तर
पर्यायवाची-नग, अचल; समुद्र, जलधि; समुद्र, जलधि, नीर, पवन; धरा, भूमि; नेत्र, लोचन।

MP Board Solution Class 7th Hindi प्रश्न 7.
निम्नलिखित शब्दों के विलोम शब्द लिखिए
ऊँचा, कठिन, अँधियारा, सुख, बड़े, बिखराना
उत्तर
विलोम-नीचा, उजियारा/ उजाला, दुःख, छोटे, समेटना।

MP Board Solutions

प्रार्थना कविता का परिचय

1. में कवि ने हमें जागरूक बन कर देश की रक्षा करने के लिए कहा है। हम अपनी शक्ति और बुद्धि का सदुपयोग करें ताकि जीवन में आने वाली प्रत्येक मुसीबत का सामना निर्भय होकर कर सकें। हमें किस्मत के सहारे नहीं बैठना चाहिए बल्कि मेहनत और बल से स्वयं का विकास करना चाहिए।

प्रार्थना संदर्भ-प्रसंग सहित व्याख्या

1. तन से, मन से और बुद्धि से
हम सब बहुत बड़े हो
पवर्त-से हो, सिर ऊँचा कर
सीना तान खड़े हो
कोई कठिन काम हो भारी
हम करके दिखला दें ।
आँधी से हों, मुसीबतों को
बादल-सा बिखरा दें।

शब्दार्थ
मुसीबत= कठिनाई,संकट; कठिन = मुश्किल; भारी =बहुत बड़ा, गंभीर; आंधी से हो=आंधी के समान, भयानक।

संदर्भ – प्रस्तुत काव्य पंक्तियाँ हमारी पाठ्य-पुस्तक ‘सुगम भारती’ (हिंदी सामान्य) भाग-7 के पाठ-1 ‘प्रार्थना’ से ली गई हैं। इसके रचयिता डॉ. जयकुमार जलज हैं

प्रसंग – प्रस्तुत पंक्तियों में कवि ने हमें चेताया है कि हम अपनी बुद्धि और बल का प्रयोग करके जीवन में ,उत्पन्न मुसीबतों का मुकाबला करें।

व्याख्या- हम सब को अपनी बुद्धि और बल का सदुप्रयोग करके स्वयं का विकास करना चाहिए। फिर चाहे जीवन में किसी भी प्रकार की कठिनाई.या मुसीबत उत्पन्न हो, हम उनका मुकाबला डट कर करें।

विशेष – जीवन की कठिनाइयों से लड़ने और उनसे मुकाबला करने के लिए प्रेरित किया गया है।

2. मुट्ठी में तकदीरें बाँये
हँस कर चलने वाले
अँधियारे में किसी-दिए की
लौ-से जलने वाले
प्यासे को देखें तो हम सब
सावन-से घिर आएँ
सागर में ही नहीं
हयेली गागर में भर जाएँ।

शब्दार्थ – तकदीर=भाग्य, किस्मत; दिए=दीपक।

संदर्भ-पूर्ववत्।

प्रसंग-प्रस्तुत पंक्तियों में कवि ने किस्मत को स्वयं | बनाने और सबके लिए मार्गदर्शक बनने के लिए आहान किया है।

व्याख्या-हमें अपना भाग्य खुद बनाना चाहिए और स्वयं को इतना मजबूत बना लेना चाहिए कि कमजोर |हमारा सहारा ले सके। प्यासे अपनी प्यास बुझा सके | तथा दूसरों पर निर्भर न होना पड़े।

MP Board Solutions

3. बके हुए के लिए
हवा की तरह सदैव बहें हम
धरती-से हां
अपने सुख-दुख को चुपचाप सहें हम
उठे हमारा हाथ
दीन दुखियों का दुख हरने को
रहे न फुरसत ।
बैठें आँखों में आँसू भरने को।

शब्दार्थ
आँखों में आँसू भरना=रोना, निराश होना।

संदर्भ-पूर्ववत्।

प्रसंग-प्रस्तुत पंक्तियों में कवि ने कमजोर और दीन-दुखियों की रक्षा के लिए जागृत किया है।

व्याख्या-जो व्यक्ति समाज की मुसीबतों से डर जाते हैं, धक जाते हैं, उनको सही राह सुझाएँ। हमें निस्वार्थ होकर दीन-दुखियों की सेवा करनी चाहिए। हमें अपने घावों की चिंता न करके दूसरों के आँसू पोछने चाहिए।

4. माँ! इन नन्हें हाथों को
बस यह प्रसाद दो अपना
ये उस तक भी पहुंचे
जिसको सब कहते हो सपना। .

शब्दार्थ-सपना=स्वप्न, कल्पित लक्ष्य।

संदर्भ-पूर्ववत्

प्रसंग-इसमें बच्चे माँ से आशीर्वाद माँग रहे हैं।

व्याख्या-बच्चे माँ के समक्ष प्रार्थना कर रहे हैं कि वे तन-मन और बुद्धि से इतने पूर्ण हो जाएँ कि सबकी | रक्षा कर सकें।

MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 1 Real Numbers Ex 1.1

In this article, we will share MP Board Class 10th Maths Book Solutions Chapter 1 Real Numbers Ex 1.1 PDF, MP Board Class 10 Maths Solutions, These solutions are solved subject experts from the latest edition books.

MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 1 Real Numbers Ex 1.1

Class 10 Maths Chapter 1 MP Board Question 1.
Use Euclid’s division algorithm to find the HCF of
(i) 135 and 225
(ii) 196 and 38220
(iii) 867 and 255
Solution:
(i) HCF of 135 and 225
Applying the Euclid’s lemma to 225 and 135, (where 225 > 135), we get
225 = (135 × 1) + 90, since 90 ≠ 0, therefore, applying the Euclid’s lemma to 135 and
90, we get 135 = (90 × 1) + 45
But 45 ≠ 0
∴ Applying Euclid’s lemma to 90 and 45, we get 90 = (45 × 2) + 0
Here, r = 0, so our procedure stops. Since, the divisor at the last step is 45,
∴ HCF of 225 and 135 is 45.

(ii) HCF of 196 and 38220
We start dividing the larger number 38220 by 196, we get
38220 = (196 × 195) + 0
Here, r = 0
∴ HCF of 38220 and 196 is 196.

(iii) HCF of 867 and 255 Here, 867 > 255
∴ Applying Euclid’s Lemma to 867 and 255, we get
867 = (255 × 3) + 102, 102 ≠ 0
∴ Applying Euclid’s Lemma to 255 and 102, we get
255 = (102 × 2) + 51, 51 ≠ 0
∴ Applying Euclid’s Lemma to 102 and 51, we get
102 = (51 × 2) + 0, r = 0
∴ HCF of 867 and 255 is 51.

MP Board Class 10 Maths Chapter 1 Question 2.
Show that any positive odd integer is of the form 6q + 1, or 6q + 3, or 6q + 5, where q is some integer.
Solution:
Let us consider a positive odd integer as ‘a’.
On dividing ‘a’ by 6, let q be the quotient and ‘r’ be the remainder.
∴ Using Euclid’s lemma, we get a = 6q + r
where 0 ≤ r < 6 i.e., r = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 i.e.,
a = 6q + 0 = 6q or a = 6q + 1
or a = 6q + 2 or a = 6q + 3
or a = 6q + 4 or a = 6q + 5
But, a = 6q, a = 6q + 2, a = 6q + 4 are even values of ‘a’.
[∵ 6q = 2(3q) = 2m1 6q + 2 = 2(3q + 1) = 2m2,
6q + 4 = 2(3 q + 2) = 2m3]
But ‘a’ being an odd integer, we have :
a = 6q + 1, or a = 6q + 3, or a = 6q + 5

MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 1 Real Numbers Ex 1.1

Class 10 Maths Chapter 1 MP Board In English Medium Question 3.
An army contingent of 616 members is to march behind an army band of 32 members in a parade. The two groups are to march in the same number of columns. What is the maximum number of columns in which they can march?
Solution:
Total number of members = 616
∴ The total number of members are to march behind an army band of 32 members is HCF of 616 and 32.
i. e., HCF of 616 and 32 is equal to the maximum number of columns such that the two groups can march in the same number of columns.
∴ Applying Euclid’s lemma to 616 and 32, we get
616 = (32 × 19) + 8, since, 8 ≠ 0
Again, applying Euclid’s lemma to 32 and 8, we get
32 = (8 × 4) + 0, r = 0
∴ HCF of 616 and 32 is 8
Hence, the required number of maximum columns = 8.

MP Board Solutions Class 10 Maths Chapter 1 4.
Use Euclid’s division lemma to show that the square of any positive integer is either of the form 3m or 3m + 1 for some integer m.
[Hint: Let x be any positive integer then it is of the form 3g, 3q + 1 or 3g + 2. Now square each of these and show that they can be rewritten in the form 3m or 3m +1.]
Solution:
Let us consider an arbitrary positive integer as ‘x’ such that it is of the form
3q, (3q + 1) or (3q + 2)
For x = 3q, we have x2 = (3q)2
⇒ x2 = 9q2 = 3(3q2) = 3m ………. (1)
Putting 3q2 = m, where m is an integer.
For x = 3q + 1,
x2 = (3q + 1)2 = 9q2 + 6q + 1
= 3(3q2 + 2q) + 1 = 3m + 1 ………… (2)
Putting 3q2 + 2q = m, where m is an integer.
For x = 3q + 2,
x2 = (3q + 2)2
= 9q2 + 12q + 4 = (9q2 + 12q + 3) + 1
= 3(3q2 + 4q + 1) + 1 = 3m + 1 ……….. (3)
Putting 3q2 + 4q +1 = m, where m is an integer.
From (1), (2) and (3),
x2 = 3m or 3m + 1
Thus, the square of any positive integer is either of the form 3m or 3m + 1 for some integer m.

MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 1 Real Numbers Ex 1.1

Class 10 Maths Chapter 1 Exercise 1.1 Solutions MP Board Question 5.
Use Euclid’s division lemma to show that the cube of any positive integer is of the form 9m, 9m + 1 or 9m + 8.
Solution:
Let us consider an arbitrary positive integer x such that it is in the form of 3q, (3q +1) or (3q + 2).
For x = 3q
x3 = (3q)3 = 27q3 = 9(3q3) = 9m ……… (1)
Putting 3q3 = m, where m is an integer.
For x = 3q + 1
x3 = (3 q + 1)3 = 27q3 + 27q2 + 9q + 1
= 9(3q3 + 3q2 + q) + 1 = 9m + 1 ………… (2)
Putting 3q3 + 3q2 + q = m, where m is an integer.
For x = 3q + 2,
x3 = (3q + 2)3 = 27q3 + 54q2 + 36q + 8
= 9(3q3 + 6q2 + 4q) + 8 = 9m + 8 ……………. (3)
Putting 3q3 + 6q2 + 4q = m, where m is an integer.
From (1), (2) and (3), we have
x3 = 9m, (9m + 1) or (9m + 8)
Thus, cube of any positive integer can be in the form 9m, (9m + 1) or (9m + 8) for some integer m.

We hope the given MP Board Class 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 1 Real Numbers Ex 1.1 will help you. If you have any queries regarding NCERT Madhya Pradesh Syllabus MP Board Class 10 Maths Solutions Chapter 1 Real Numbers Ex 1.1, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

MP Board Class 8th Maths Solutions Chapter 6 Square and Square Roots Ex 6.2

MP Board Class 8th Maths Solutions Chapter 6 Square and Square Roots Ex 6.2

MP Board Class 8 Maths Chapter 6 Exercise 6.2 Question 1.
Find the square of the following numbers.
(i) 32
(ii) 35
(iii) 86
(iv) 93
(v) 71
(vi) 46
Solution:
(i) 322 = (30 + 2)2 = (30 + 2) (30 + 2)
= 30 (30 + 2) + 2 (30 + 2)
= 900 + 60 + 60 + 4 = 1024.
(ii) 352 = (30 + 5)2 = (30 + 5) (30 + 5)
= 30(30 + 5) + 5 (30 + 5)
= 900 + 150 + 150 + 25 = 1225.
(iii) 862 = (80 + 6)2 = (80 + 6) (80 + 6)
= 80(80 + 6) + 6(80 + 6)
= 6400 + 480 + 480 + 36 = 7396.
(iv) 932 = (90 + 3)2 = (90 + 3) (90 + 3)
= 90(90 + 3) + 3(90 + 3)
= 8100 + 270 + 270 + 9 = 8649.
(v) 712 = (70+ 1)2 = (70 + 1) (70 + 1)
= 70(70 + 1) + 1 (70 + 1)
= 4900 + 70 + 70 + 1 = 5041.
(vi) 462 = (40 + 6)2 = (40 + 6) (40 + 6)
= 40(40 + 6) + 6(40 + 6)
= 1600 + 240 + 240 + 36 = 2116.

MP Board Solutions

8th Class Maths Chapter 6 Exercise 6.2 Question 2.
Write a Pythagorean triplet whose one member is
(i) 6
(ii) 14
(iii) 16
(iv) 18
Solution:
We can get Pythagorean triplet by using general form 2m, m2 – 1, m2 + 1.
(i) Let us take 2m = 6 ⇒ m = 3
Thus, m2 – 1 = 32 – 1 = 9 – 1 = 8 and m2 + 1 = 32 + 1 = 9 + 1 = 10.
∴ The required triplet is 6, 8, 10

(ii) Let us take 2m = 14 ⇒ m = 7
Thus, m2 – 1 = 72 – 1 = 49 – 1 = 48
and m2 + 1 = 72 + 1 = 49 + 1 = 50
∴ The required triplet is 14, 48, 50.

(iii) Let us take 2m = 16 ⇒ m = 8
Thus, m2 – 1 = 82 – 1 = 64 – 1 = 63
and m2 + 1 = 82 + 1 = 64 + 1 = 65.
∴ The required triplet is 16, 63, 65.

(iv) Let us take 2m = 18 ⇒ m = 9
Thus, m2 – 1 = 92 – 1 = 81 – 1 = 80
and m2 + 1 = 92 + 1 = 81 + 1 = 82
∴ The required triplet is 18, 80, 82.

MP Board Class 8th Maths Solutions

MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Fractions and Decimals Ex 2.1

MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Fractions and Decimals Ex 2.1

MP Board Class 7 Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Question 1.
Solve:
MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Fractions and Decimals Ex 2.1 1
Solution:
MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Fractions and Decimals Ex 2.1 2

Class 7 Maths Chapter 2 MP Board Question 2.
Arrange the following in descending order:
MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Fractions and Decimals Ex 2.1 3
Solution:
(i)
\(\frac{2}{9}, \frac{2}{3}, \frac{8}{21}\)
Converting them into like fractions, we obtain
MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Fractions and Decimals Ex 2.1 4
Converting them into like fractions, we obtain
MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Fractions and Decimals Ex 2.1 5

MP Board Class 7th Maths Chapter 2 Question 3.
In a “magic square”, the sum of the numbers in each row, in each column and along the diagonals is the same. Is this a magic square?
MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Fractions and Decimals Ex 2.1 6
(Along the first row \(\frac{4}{11}+\frac{9}{11}+\frac{2}{11}=\frac{15}{11}\)).
Solution:
Sum along the first row
MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Fractions and Decimals Ex 2.1 7
Since, the sum of the numbers in each row, in each column and along the diagonals is the same.
Yes, it is a magic square.

MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Fractions and Decimals Ex 2.1

Copies the value of a 1/32 to decimal number.

Class 7 Maths Chapter 2 Exercise 2.1 Solutions Question 4.
A rectangular sheet of paper is \(12 \frac{1}{2}\) cm long and \(10 \frac{2}{3}\) cm wide. Find its perimeter.
Solution:
Length = \(12 \frac{1}{2}\) cm = \(\frac{25}{2}\) cm and
Breadth \(=10 \frac{2}{3} \mathrm{cm}=\frac{32}{3} \mathrm{cm}\)
Perimeter = 2 × (Length + Breadth)
MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Fractions and Decimals Ex 2.1 8

Class 7 Maths Chapter 2 Exercise 2.1 Question 1 Question 5.
Find the perimeters of
(i) ∆ABE
(ii) the rectangle BCDE in this figure. Whose perimeter is greater?
MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Fractions and Decimals Ex 2.1 9
Solution:
(i) Perimeter of rectangle
∆ABE = AB + BE + EA
MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Fractions and Decimals Ex 2.1 10
(ii) Perimeter of rectangle BCDE = 2(BE+DE)
MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Fractions and Decimals Ex 2.1 11
MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Fractions and Decimals Ex 2.1 12
So, \(\frac{177}{20}>\frac{47}{6}\)
Thus, perimeter of ∆ABE is greater

MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Fractions and Decimals Ex 2.1

Class 7 Maths Chapter 2 Exercise 2.1 Question 3 Question 6.
Salil wants to put a picture in a frame. The picture is \(7 \frac{3}{5}\) cm wide. To fit in the frame the picture cannot be more than \(7 \frac{3}{10}\) cm wide. How much should the picture be trimmed?
Solution:
MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Fractions and Decimals Ex 2.1 13

Class 7th Maths Chapter 2 Exercise 2.1 Solutions Question 7.
Ritu ate 2 part of an apple and the remaining apple was eaten by her brother Somu. How much part of the apple did Somu eat? Who had the larger share? By how much?
Solution:
Part of an apple eaten by Ritu = \(\frac{3}{5}\)
Part of an apple eaten by Somu = 1 – (Part of an apple eaten by Ritu)
MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Fractions and Decimals Ex 2.1 14

MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Fractions and Decimals Ex 2.1

MP Board Solution Class 7 Maths Chapter 2 Question 8.
Michael finished colouring a picture in \(\frac{7}{12}\) hour. Vaibhav finished colouring the same picture in \(\frac{3}{4}\) hour. Who worked longer?
Solution:
MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Fractions and Decimals Ex 2.1 15
Converting these fractions into like fractions, we obtain
MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Fractions and Decimals Ex 2.1 16

MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions