MP Board Class 7th Special English Vocabulary

MP Board Class 7th Special English Vocabulary

Some Collective Nouns

  1. A shoal of fish
  2. A bunch of flowers
  3. A fleet of ships
  4. A herd of cattle
  5. A shelf of books
  6. A team of players
  7. A crowd of people
  8. A choir of singers
  9. A litter of puppies
  10. A bunch of grapes
  11. A gang of criminals
  12. A troop of monkeys
  13. An army of soldiers
  14. A pack of wolves
  15. A class of students
  16. A school of whales
  17. A flock of sheep
  18. A pride of lions
  19. A heap of stones
  20. A bundle of sticks
  21. A bouquet of foyers
  22. A band of musicians
  23. A crew of sailors
  24. A swarm of bees

Pair of nouns

  1. Arts and sciences
  2. Bag and baggage
  3. Bow and arrow
  4. Bread and butter
  5. Flesh and blood
  6. Friend or foe
  7. Hand and foot
  8. Heart and soul
  9. Heaven and earth
  10. Horse and cart
  11. Hue and cry
  12. King and Queen
  13. Ladies and gentlemen
  14. Land and sea
  15. Light and shade
  16. Lock and key
  17. Male and female
  18. Man and beast

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Sounds made by Animals

  1. Bears ______ growl
  2. Bees ______ hum
  3. Birds ______ sing, chirp, twitter
  4. Cats ______ purr, mew
  5. Cocks ______ crow
  6. Cows ______ moo
  7. Dogs ______ bark
  8. Ducks ______ quack
  9. Elephants ______ trumpet
  10. Flies ______ buzz
  11. Frogs ______ croak
  12. Geese ______ cackle
  13. Goats ______ bleat
  14. Hens ______ cackle, cluck
  15. Horses ______ neigh
  16. Lambs ______ bleat

Sounds made by objects

  1. Airplanes – zoom
  2. Bells – ring
  3. Bombs – explode
  4. Camera – click
  5. Clocks – tick
  6. Drums – beat
  7. Coins – jingle
  8. Doors – slam, bang
  9. Drums – beat
  10. Engines – throb
  11. Feet – shuffle
  12. Fire – crackles
  13. Guns – boom
  14. Hands – clap
  15. Hearts – beat
  16. Loudspeakers – blase

One Word for the Group of Words

  1. One who is liked by the people – Popular
  2. One who believes in God – Theist
  3. One who dpes not believe in God – Atheist
  4. One who look at the bright side of things – optimistic
  5. One who can neither read near write – Illiterate
  6. A place hied up for reading and studying – Library
  7. A place whore birds, animals etc. are kept – Zoo
  8. A disease that ends’ in death – Fatal
  9. Word for word – Verbal
  10. Fit to be eaten – Edible
  11. The person who flies airplanes – Pilot
  12. The person who mends our shoes – Cobbler

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Occupations

  1. Artist – One who draws, paints etc.
  2. Actor – One who plays a part on the stage or in a film.
  3. Architect – One who design buildings.
  4. Astronaut – One trained for space travel.
  5. Author – One who writes bocks and stories.
  6. Baby sitter – One who looks after a baby.
  7. Butcher – One who sells meat.
  8. Carpenter – One who makes things out of wood.
  9. Coach – One who gives special training in games and sports.
  10. Cobber – One who mends shoes.
  11. Dentist – One who attends to people’s teeth.
  12. Editor – One who improves and prepares for publication for printing.
  13. Electrician – One who fits or repairs electrical devices
  14. Grocer – One who sells foodstuff and other household needs.
  15. Hawker – One who moves from place to place to sell things.
  16. journalist – One who corrects, edits or publishes a newspaper.
  17. Lawyer – One who handles matters of law and fights court cases.
  18. Optician – One who tests eye sight and sells spectacles:
  19. Plumber – One who fits or repair water pipes, drowns, sinks, toilets etc.
  20. Surgeon – A doctor who performs operations

Young Ones of Animals

  1. Ass – Foal
  2. Bear – Cub
  3. Tiger – Cub
  4. Deer – Fawn
  5. Cat – Kitten
  6. Cow – Calf
  7. Dog – Puppy
  8. Duck – Duckling
  9. Goat – Kid
  10. Hen – Chicken
  11. Horse – colt
  12. Hare – Leveret
  13. Sheep – Lamb
  14. Elephant – calf
  15. Wolf – cub
  16. Stag – fawn

MP Board Class 7th English Solutions

MP Board Class 7th Special English Short Essay Writing

MP Board Class 7th Special English Short Essay Writing

My School

I read in Sarvadaya Senior Secondary School, Bhopal, It is situated out of the town in a grove of trees.

The building of my school is’ very grand. There are twenty five class-rooms and a big hall. We have our library and the reading room in the hall. All the rooms are airy, neat and clean. We have electric light and’fans in each room

There are about twenty-five teachers in my school. Shri R.N. Goel is our Principal. All the teachers and the Principal are well qualified and trained. They are very hard working. All of them love us.

In front of the building there is the school garden. It is full of flower, plants and trees. There are many grassy lawns in the garden. Our school has a big play-ground. We play games there.

Vocabulary :

Grove – कुँज। Grand – शानदार। Airy – हवादार। Trained – प्रशिक्षित। Hard working परिश्रमी। Grass – घासवाला।

MP Board Solutions

My Best Friend

I have many boys in my school. I like them all. But of all of them I like Harish the most. He is almost as old as I am He is tall, strong and handsome. He has a smiling face.

He likes all sorts of games. He does not care much for books. He likes jokes.

Both of us read in the same class. We sit together at the same bench. We have many habits in common. Both of us are good players. I generally stand
first in my class. My friends never feels jealous.

Both of us are helpful to each other. I often go to his village. His mother loves me just like her son. She is very glad to see me. His father is also a gentleman.

I like my friend because of his simple and noble nature. He is honest in all his dealings, he possesses a kind heart. He is God-fearing. He is always ready to help the poor and needy.

Vocabulary :

All sorts of – सब प्रकार के – In common-एक सी – Jealous-इर्ष्यालु – Thorough पूर्ण। Nature – स्वभाव। Dealings – व्यवहार। God-fearing – ईश्वर से डरने वाला।

The Postman

The postman is a useful public servant. He does an important duty. He brings our letters, parcels and money-orders. He goes from door to door. He knows each and every house of the street.

The postman wears a Khaki dress. He keeps a bag with him. He keeps the letters, parcels and money-orders in this bag. He knocks at the door. People wait for him He brings news from our friends and relatives.

The postman does more work. He reads out the letters for the villagers. Sometimes, he writes letters for them. The postman’s life is very hard. He gets a small salary. The prices of things are rising. The postman cannot support his family. So he gets some money from the people as gift.

The government should raise his salary.

Vocabulary :

Important – महत्त्वपूर्ण। Knocks at – खटखटाता है। Relatives – सम्बन्धी। Bitter – अघि क। Salary – वेतन। Support – पालन करना। Gift – उपहार। Raise – बढ़ाना।

The Policeman

The policeman is a useful public servant, he has an important work to do. He helps us in many ways. He keeps peace wherever he is on dut&

The policeman wears a khaki dress. He ties a red turban on his head. A whistle is a part of his dress. The dress of a traffic policeman is different. The policeman guards our property. He keeps law and order. He is on duty when we are sleeping. Thieves are afraid of him.

The traffic policeman controls the traffic. Without him, traffic cannot move safely on the roads.

His life is very hard. He is always ready for duty. He puts himself in dangers. He faces the dacoits. Sometimes, he loses his life in accidents.

The policeman does not get a good salary. He cannot support his family well. He cannot give good education to his children. So he takes bribe.

The government should raise his salary.

Vocabulary :

Peace – शांति। Turban – पगड़ी। Whistle – सीटी। Traffic – यातायात। Different – भिन्न। Guards – रक्षा करता है। property – सम्पत्ति। Controls – नियंत्रित करता है। Dacoits – डाकू। Bribe – रिश्वत

A Hockey Match that I Saw

Last Sunday a hockey match was played between the Kisan School and D.A.V. School. It was a very interesting match. It was played at the Ramlila ground. Many boys came to see the match.

At 4 p.m. the referee called the captains of the teams. The Kisan School won the toss. After this both the teams entered the ground. They were wearing colourful uniforms.

The players took their positions. The game started. It was very interesting. Both the teams were equal. The ball was running to and fro.

The players played with full force. Both the teams tried hard. But none could make a goal in the first half.

The players took oranges during the interval. Then the game started again. This time the fight was very hard.

The captain of the Kisan School team took the ball: He hit it. The goal keeper of the D.AV. School team tried to save the goal. But he failed. Thus the Kisan School team made a goal.

There were shouting of joy form the crowd. The time was over. The match ended. The Kisan School team won it. It was really an interesting match.

Vocabulary :

Interesting – रोचक। Colourful – रंग-बिरंगे। Uniform – पोशाक। To and from – इधर-उध पर। Crowd – भीड़। Interesting – मजेदार।

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The Diwali Festival

Diwali is one of the most important Hindu festivals. It falls in the middle of Kartik. It means a ‘row of earthen lamps’. Every Hindu householder lights up earthen lamps at night. It marks the coming of winter.

The Hindus believe that God Ram returned to Ayodhya on this day after defeating Ravan. He was given a warm welcome by the people of Ayodhya. Lamps were lit up in his honour.

The Sikhs celebrate it because their Guru Govind Singh was set free by the Mughals on this day. The jains believe that Mahavir Swami got salvation on this day.

Many days before the festival people begin to clean, white wash afid decorate their houses. On the day of festival all schools, offices and courts are closed. All people, young and old, put on new clothes. There is loud noise of crackers on this day.

At night ‘Lakshmi’, the Goddess of wealth is worshipped. There is a great hustle and bustle in bazaars. The sweet-sellers earn money. Many businessmen close their old accounts and begin their new business year on this day.

Some people gamble to try their luek. But they are often^ruined. We should try to keep away from this evil practice.

Vocabulary :

Festival – त्यौहार। Falls – पड़ता है। Earthen-lamp – मिट्टी के दीपक। Marks – आरम्भ करता है। Salvation – निर्वाण। Decorate – सजाना। Crackers – पटाखे। Hustle and Bustle – शोर-गुल। Gamble – जुआ खेलना।

Prize Distribution Function in My School

Today is our prize distribution -day. Every year our school gives away prizes to pupils of merit. I was waiting early for the day. I was in high spirits on that day. The Director of Education was our chief guest He was to give away the prizes. He came at 5 p.m. The Principal received him The school band played a welcome tune. He took his seat and the function began.

Prayers were sung. Then came the welcome song. The principal read out the school’s annual report.

The chief guest rose. He addressed the audience. He spoke about the progress of the school. He praised the pupils and the staff. He gave some suggestions for more progress. He sat down. The audience clapped.

Then the prize distribution began. The winners walked up to the chief guest. They saluted him and received their prizes with smiles on their faces. They marched to their places.

I was among the winners. I had to go to the stage six times to get my prizes. My parents were proud of me. The function ended at 7 p.m There was a light refreshment for guests.

We left the school in gay mood. On the successful function the Principal declared one day’s holiday.

Vacabulary :

Merit – योग्यता। In high spirirt – उत्साहपूर्ण। Audience – श्रोतागण। Suggestion – प्रस्ताव।

A Cricket Match that I saw

Cricket is a good game. It has become very popular. It is played all over the world: Thousands of people see a cricket test match for hours together.

Last year our college played a cricket match against S. A.V. Inter College. The match was played on our ground. S.A.V. Inter College team won the toss and went in.

The match started at lo’clock. The two opening batsmen went in to bat. Our players took position for fielding. Our captain bowled. And lo ! the first ball knocked the wicket down. It was a bad start for S.A.V. Inter College team Another player walked in to bat, he played carefully. But after half an hour wickets began to fall rapidly. The whole team was out after securing 80 runs. Now lunch began.

After lunch our team started batting. Our opening batsmen played well. They secured 80 runs in an hour. After this our team scored 60 runs for the loss of six wickets. Our captain hit the sixers. The crowd cheered the team oiir team was out for 120 runs.

S.AV. Inter College team did not come next day to play the second innings. We won match.

Vocabulary :

Popular – लोकप्रिय। carefully – सावधानीपूर्व। Rapidly – तेजी से। cheered – उत्साहित किया।

MP Board Solutions

The Cow

The cow is a domestic animal. She has four legs, two ears and two horns. She has a long tail. She keeps off flies with her tail. Her body is big. Cows are of different colours. Some cows are white, some are black and some are brown.

The cow” eat grass, straw and gram. She eats the oil cakes. She drinks water.

The cow is found every where in the world. American cows give more milk than Indian cows. In India the Hindus call her ‘Gau mata’.

The cow is a gentle animal She does not hurt anybody. Small children play with her. She is very intelligent.

She does not forget her master’s house.

The cow is a very useful animal. She gives us milk. Her milk is very useful for the children and the sick persons. We make sweets, ghee and curd from her milk. She giyes us calves which become bullocks. They plough our fields and draw carts.

Vocabulary :

Domestic – पालतू। Horns – सींग। Brown – कत्यई रंग की। Oil cakes – खल। Curd – दहि।

MP Board Class 7th English Solutions

MP Board Class 7th Special English Paragraph Writing

MP Board Class 7th Special English Paragraph Writing

Paragraph is a short composition, the following points should be kept in mind while writing a paragraph.

  1. Concentration,
  2. Simplicity,
  3. Compactness,
  4. Clarity,
  5. Word-limit

Uses of Computer

Computer is such a name which has revolutionized and replaced every other technology. Computers have become common in each field. No department can work effectively and efficiently without computers. Even professionals like lawyer, chartered accountant can’t work without computer. The information soared in the computer can be easily used up later. Computers have not left any field untouched. In the banking sector computers are playing a veiy important role. The use of computers makes bank transactions easy, accurate and swift. It eliminates harassment. So with advent of time computer education is gaining popularity and importance.

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Pleasures of Watching Television

Television combines the pleasures of radio and cinema. It lias become the most popular means of entertainment these days. It is performing the vital task of mass education. It helps in increasing awareness among the masses. Television is no more a mere means of communication but has made the people addicted to it. The increasing number of channels and world wide reporters have made the TV viewing one of the most important sources of entertainment. The pleasure of watching TV can only be enjoyed till we watch it under controlled limit and do not exceed it.

Annual Sports Day of My School

Last week annual sports day was celebrated in my school. The entire programme reflected the enthusiasm and energy of the students who not only participated in the various sports events but also gave great performances. The most exciting moment was when our honourable chief guest entered the premises of the school. Our hearts were throbbing with excitement. Our chief guest was given a guard of honour. Exciting aerobatics and drills were displayed beautifully. The chief guest gave a very impressive speech and gave away prizes to all the students who had excelled in various arts. The programme came to close by singing of the National Anthem with zestful optimism.

An Ideal Teacher

An ideal teacher is one who is committed and sincere in her task. An ideal teacher has basic qualities. She works sincerely for her students. An ideal teacher performs the duties towards the students sincerely. An ideal teacher in spite of extraordinary academic attainments, displays extreme simplicity. There is no element of show in her personality. An ideal teacher dedicates her whole cause to the well being of the student. She is a book in herself. Not a single moment of her time is wasted. She never allows here students to be idle or indisciplined. She is always before us like a beacon of light.

A Visit to a Fair

It was a cold day of January. Some of my friends came to me and pressed me to accompany them to Pragati Maidan. The exhibition was spread over a large area of several acres. The stalls were very artistically and impressively displayed. Many countries like Russia, Germany, Japan, Canada, Poland, India etc., had taken part in the exhibition. We were very much impressed to see the technology displayed in the Germany stalls. In the Russian stall, the model of the rocket attracted large crowds. The defence pavilion of the Indian stall displayed all the various rockets, aeroplanes, missiles and satellites made in India. I really enjoyed the fair. The fair not only entertained and amused but also educated and enlightened me with great countries of the world.

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Your Hobby

A hobby is that activity which is carried on in leisure time. It is a means of recreation. It is a past time. It gives delight and helps in passing the leisure time. A hobby is an activity which is carried on entirely for the sake of pleasure. Gardening is my hobby. I derive great pleasure from this hobby. At the back of my house, I have developed a small plot of land. It is my garden. I have grown some flowers and some vegetables of the season in this plot. I indulge in my hobby early in the morning as soon as I am out of bed. My hobby gives me pleasure and refreshes me for day’s hard work. So the best hobby is one out of which we derive pleasure.

My Favourite Game

Games are a part and parcel of life. They provide us both physical as mental stamina. I have to play well as many games such as football, volleyball, tennis, cricket etc. But my favourite game is cricket. Cricket is one of the most popular games in India. I have joined sports cricket academy. I have been the champion of cricket in my school team. It is the easiest game to learn but needs a lot of practice. I love watching cricket matches. My favourite cricketer is Sachin Tendulkar. My cricket has made me popular among my friends. Cricket keeps me happy, teaches me cooperation and mutual understanding.

Honesty is the Best Policy

Honesty is a virtue. It always pays to the honest people though it may take some time. The honest wood-cutter who did not own the golden and silver axes, got them in reward for his honesty. Honesty survives up to the grave. Even the generations to come talk and praise the deeds of honest people. Honest Raja Harish Chandra was paid in the end for his honesty. Let all people be honest and make this world a second, paradise.

Unity is Strength

It is an old saying based on truth and age-old human experience. We all pin faith in, “united we stand and divided we fall”. Weak blades of grass if woven together, make a rope strong enough to tie even a mighty elephant. Tiny drops of water make a vast ocean. Penny and penny laid up will be many insignificant atoms when joined together, make a powerful bomb. When it is exploded it brings on too much havoc. It destroys life and property on all sides. No animal or inanimate escapes from destruction. All these things whether good or bad are the result of unity and it is unity that brings on strength.

MP Board Solutions

EXERCISE

Write a paragraph on the following topics.

  1. The Republic Day
  2. The Children’s Day celebrations
  3. Celebrating Diwali without Crackers
  4. Importance of Trees
  5. A Morning Walk
  6. A Scene at the Bus Stand
  7. A Raing Day in Summer.

MP Board Class 7th English Solutions

MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण संधि प्रकरण

MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण संधि प्रकरण

दो वर्गों के मिलने पर जो परिवर्तन होता है, उसे संधि कहते हैं। जैसे-हिम+आलय-हिमालयः।

संधि तीन प्रकार की होती है-
1. स्वर संधि
2. व्यंजन संधि
3. विसर्ग संधि

1. स्वर संधि-दो स्वरों के मेल से जो परिवर्तन होता है, उसे स्वर संधि कहते हैं। स्वर संधि के छः भेद होते हैं-
(i) दीर्घ,
(ii) गुण,
(iii) वृद्धि,
(iv) यण,
(v) अयादि,
(vi) पूर्वरूप,
(vi) प्रकृति भाव।”

MP Board Solutions

(i) दीर्घ संधि-अ, आ के बाद अ, आ आने पर आ इ, ई के बाद इ, ई आने पर ई, उ, ऊ के बाद उ, ऊ आने पर ऊ तथा ऋ, ऋ के बाद ऋ आने पर ऋ हो जाता है, उसे दीर्घ संधि कहते हैं।

जैसे-
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण संधि प्रकरण img-1

(ii) गुण संधि (आदगुणः)-अ, आ के बाद इ, ई आने पर ‘ए’ बन जाता है। इसी प्रकार अ, आ के आगे उ, ऊ हो तो ‘ओ’ और ऋ आ जाने पर ‘अर’ बन जाता है।

जैसे-
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण संधि प्रकरण img-2

MP Board Solutions

(iii) वृद्धि संधि (वृरिचि)-अ, आ के आगे ए, ऐ आने से ‘ऐ’ हो जाता है और अ, आ के आगे ओ या औ आने से ‘औ’ हो जाता है। ऐ और औ स्वरों के वृद्धि रूप हैं।

जैसे-
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण संधि प्रकरण img-3

(iv) यण संधि (इकोयणचि)-इ, ई, उ, ऊ ऋ से आगे उनसे भिन्न स्वर आने पर इ को यु, ड को व् और ऋ को र होता है-
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण संधि प्रकरण img-4
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण संधि प्रकरण img-5

(v) आयादि संधि (एचोऽयवायावः)-ए, ऐ, ओ, औ से आगे यदि कोई भिन्न स्वर आ जाए तो पहले वर्णों को क्रमशः अय्, आय, अव् और आव् हो जाते हैं।

जैसे-
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण संधि प्रकरण img-6

(vi) पूर्णरूप संधि-पदान्त ए तथा ओ के पश्चात् अ आने पर अ का लोप हो जाता है तथा उसके स्थान पर अवग्रह (ऽ) लगा दिया जाता है।

  • हरे + अत्र = हरेऽत्र
  • विष्णो + अत्र = विष्णोऽत्र
  • सखे + अर्पय = सखेऽर्पय
  • सर्वे + अपि = सर्वेऽपि।

MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit Solutions

MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण वर्ण परिचय

MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण वर्ण परिचय

वर्ण-भाषा की वह छोटी-से-छोटी इकाई जिसके और अधिक टुकड़े न किए जा सकें ‘वर्ण’ कहलाती है। वर्ण को अक्षर भी कहते हैं।

वर्ण के भेद-वर्णों के दो भेद हैं :
(अ) स्वर,
(ब) व्यंजन।

(अ) स्वर-जिस वर्गों का उच्चारण किसी अन्य वर्ण की सहायता के बिना स्वतन्त्र रूप से हो सकें वे वर्ण स्वर कहलाते हैं।

MP Board Solutions

संस्कृत भाषा में तेरह स्वर हैं-

अ, आ, इ, ई, उ, ऊ, ए, ऐ, ओ, औ, ऋ, ऋ, लु।

स्वरों के भेद-स्वर तीन प्रकार के होते हैं-

  1. ह्रस्व स्वर,
  2. दीर्घ स्वर,
  3. प्लुत स्वर,
  4. संयुक्त स्वर।

1. ह्रस्व स्वर-जिन स्वरों का उच्चारण करने में कम-से-कम समय लगे वे ह्रस्व स्वर कहलाते हैं ये पांच हैं-अ, इ, उ, ऋ, तृ।
2. दीर्घ स्वर-जिन स्वरों का उच्चारण करने में में ह्रस्व स्वरों से दुगुना समय लगे, उन्हें दीर्घ स्वर कहते हैं। ये स्वर आठ हैं-आ, ई, ऊ, ए, ऐ, ओ, औ, ऋ।
3. प्लुत स्वर-जिन स्वरों क उच्चारण करने से ह्रस्व स्वरों से तिगुना समय लगे, उन्हें प्लुत स्वर कहते हैं। किसी व्यक्ति को दूर से पुकारने में प्लुत स्वरों का प्रयोग होता है। प्लुत स्वर के आगे ३ का चिह्न लगा दिया जाता है। जैसे ओ३म, बाइल।
4. संयुक्त स्वर-ए, ऐ, ओ, औ ये चार वर्ण संयुक्त स्वर कहलाते हैं।
5. व्यंजन-जिन वर्णों का उच्चारण स्वरों की सहायता से ही होता है वे वर्ण व्यंजन कहलाते हैं। व्यंजन वर्ण तेंतीस (33) हैं।

MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण वर्ण परिचय img-1

व्यंजनों के भेद-व्यंजनों के तीन भेद हैं-

  1. स्पर्श,
  2. अन्तःस्थ,
  3. ऊष्म।

MP Board Solutions

1. स्पर्श-स्पर्श वर्ण पच्चीस हैं-

क् ख् ग् घ्
ङ् च् छ् ज्
झ् ज् ट् ठ्
ड् ढ् ण् त्
थ् द् ध् न्
प् फ् ब् भ् म्

इन्हें स्पर्श वर्ण कहा जाता है क्योंकि इनके उच्चारण के समय जिह्वा । कण्ठ्, तालु, मूर्धा, दन्त आदि स्थानों का विशेषतः स्पर्श करती है।
2. अन्तःस्थ-य् र् ल् व् ये चार वर्ण अन्तःस्थ वर्ण कहलाते हैं। इनकी स्थिति स्वरों तथा व्यंजनों के मध्य होती है अतः इन्हें अन्तःस्थ वर्ण कहते हैं।
3. ऊष्म-श् श् स् ह् ये चार वर्ण ऊष्म कहलाते हैं इनके उच्चारण करते समय श्वास वायु घर्षण करती हुई बाहर निकलती है जिससे ऊष्मा उत्पन्न होती है अतः ये वर्ण ऊष्म कहलाते हैं।

MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit Solutions

MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया

MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया

संस्कृत में क्रिया या कार्य को प्रकट करने वाले शब्द धातु कहे जाते हैं। इसमें प्रत्यय जोड़कर क्रियाएँ बनाई जाती हैं। क्रियाओं को प्रकट करने के लिए तीन काल होते हैं। संस्कृत में क्रिया की अवस्था को प्रकट करने के लिए दश लकार हैं।

  • लटू-वर्तमान काल
  • लिट्-परोक्षभूत
  • लटू-सामान्य भविष्यत्
  • लुट्-अनद्यन भविष्यत् काल
  • लेट्-वेद में प्रयुक्त
  • लोट-आज्ञार्थक
  • लङ्-अनद्यतनभूत
  • (8-अ) विधिलिङ-प्रार्थना, अनुग्रह
  • (8-ब) आशीलिँङ-शुभकामनाद्योतक
  • लुङ्-सामान्यभूत
  • लृङ्-हेतुहेतुमद्धृत

रूपों की दृष्टि से सारी धातुएँ दस गणों में विभक्त हैं-

  • भ्वादिगण,
  • अदादि गण,
  • जुहोत्यादि गण,
  • दिवादि गण,
  • स्वादि गण,
  • बुदादि गण,
  • रुधादि गण,
  • तनादि गण,
  • क्रियादि गण,
  • चुरादि गण।

MP Board Solutions

ये रूप की दृष्टि से परस्मैपदी, आत्मनेपदी और उभयपदी हैं। परस्मैपद में लट् लकार में धातु के आगे निम्नलिखित प्रत्यय जोड़े जाते हैं-
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-1

आत्मनेपद में-
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-2

प्रत्येक गण में धातु और इन प्रत्ययों के बीच अ, उ, नु, ना आदि भी जोड़े जाते हैं, तो विकरण कहलाते हैं। जैसे-भू-भू + अ + ति-भवति । कृ-कृ + अ +
ति = करोति । सु-सु + नु + ति = सुनोति। क्री-क्री + ना + ति = क्रीणाति । चुर्-चुर् . + णिच् + ति = चोरयति।

भ्वादिगण भू (होना)
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-3

MP Board Solutions

गम् धातु (जाना)
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-4
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-5

दृश् (देखना)
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-6

स्था (रुकना)
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-7
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-8

MP Board Solutions

जि (जीतना)
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-9

श्रु (सुनना)
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-10

वस् (रहना)
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-11
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-12

दा (देना)
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-13
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-14

शक् (सकना)
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-15
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-16

MP Board Solutions

इष् (चाहना)
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-17
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-18

मुच् (छोड़ना)
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-19

विशेष-मुच् धातू उभयपदी है। यहाँ परस्मैपद के रूप दिए गए हैं। आत्मनेपद में ‘सेव्’ के तुल्य रूप होंगे।

MP Board Solutions

चुरादिगण चुर् (चुराना) लट् लकार (वर्तमान काल)
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-20
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-21

कथ् (कहना)
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-22

आत्मनेपदी धातुएँ
सेव (सेवा करना)
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-23

लभ पाना
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-24
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-25

द्वि-जुआ खेलना
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-26

MP Board Solutions
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-27
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण धातु और क्रिया img-28

इसी प्रकार विद्-होना जन जानना, अपना होना के रूप बनते हैं।

MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit Solutions

MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण अनुवाद रचना

MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण अनुवाद रचना

एक भाषा को दूसरी भाषा के बदलने का नाम अनुवाद है। संस्कृत में शब्दों के रखने का कोई क्रम नहीं है। वाक्य का कोई भी शब्द कहीं भी रखा जा सकता है, जैसे

रामः विद्यालयं गच्छति।
या
विद्यालयं रामः गच्छति।

इत्यादि अनुवाद करने के लिए हमें विभक्ति, कारक, वचन, पुरुष, लिंग, शब्द, रूप, धातु रूप का ज्ञान होना आवश्यक है। नीचे सरलता के लिए कारक और उनके चिह्न दिए जा रहे हैं-
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण अनुवाद रचना img-1

MP Board Solutions

पुरुष

कहने वाले, सुनने वाले. या जिसके विषय में बात की जाती है, उस संज्ञा या सर्वनाम का पुरुष कहते हैं। पुरुष तीन प्रकार के होते हैं
(क) अन्य पुरुष या प्रथम पुरुष-जिसके विषय में बात की जाए उसे अन्य पुरुष कहते हैं। जैसे-रामः, सः, सा, तत्, किम्, बालक, बालिका इत्यादि।
(ख) मध्यम पुरुष-जिससे प्रत्यक्ष बात की जाती है उसे मध्यम पुरुष कहते हैं। जैसे-त्वम्, (तुम्), युवाम् (तुम दोनों), यूयम् (तुम सब)।।
(ग) उत्तम पुरुष-जो बात को कहता है उसके लिए उत्तम पुरुष का प्रयोग होता है। जैसे-अहम् (मैं), आवाम् (हम दोनों) वयम् (हम सब)।

लिङ्ग

संस्कृत में लिंग के तीन प्रकार होते हैं
(क) पुल्लिग-रामः, बालकः, हरिः, गुरुः, सः इत्यादि।
(ख) स्त्रीलिंग-सीता, बालिका, सा, माला, रमा, इत्यादि।
(ग) नपुंसकलिंग-फलम्, पुस्तकम्, वस्त्रम्, जलम्, मित्रम्, इत्यादि।

वचन

प्रत्येक विभक्ति में तीन वचन होते हैं-
(क) एकवचन-एक व्यक्ति या वस्तु के लिए एक वचन का प्रयोग होता है। जैसेबालकः (एक बालक), रामः (राम), बालिका (एक लड़की) इत्यादि।
(ख) द्विवचन-दो व्यक्ति या वस्तुओं के लिए द्विवचन का प्रयोग होता है। जैसेबालकौ (दो बालक), बालिके (दो लड़कियाँ), पुस्तके (दो पुस्तकें) इत्यादि।
(ग) बहुजन-तीन या तीन से अधिक व्यक्ति या वस्तुओं के लिए बहुवचन का प्रयोग होता है। जैसे-बालक (बहुत से बच्चे), बालिकाः (लड़कियाँ), पुस्तकानि (पुस्तके) इत्यादि।

MP Board Solutions

अभ्यास 1.
लट्लकार (वर्तमानकाल)
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण अनुवाद रचना img-2

अभ्यास 2.
लट्लटकार (वर्तमान काल)
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण अनुवाद रचना img-3

अभ्यास 3.
लङ्लकार (भूतकाल)
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण अनुवाद रचना img-4

MP Board Solutions

अभ्यासः 4.
लुट्लकार (भविष्यकाल)
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण अनुवाद रचना img-5

अभ्यास 5.
लोट्लकार (आज्ञार्थ)
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण अनुवाद रचना img-6

अभ्यास 6.
विधिलिंग लकार (चाहिए अर्थ में)
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण अनुवाद रचना img-7

MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit Solutions

MP Board Class 6th Science Solutions Chapter 2 भोजन के घातक

MP Board Class 6th Science Solutions Chapter 2 भोजन के घातक

MP Board Class 6th Science Chapter 2 पाठान्त अभ्यास के प्रश्नोत्तर

प्रश्न 1.
हमारे भोजन के मुख्य पोषक तत्वों के नाम लिखिए।
उत्तर:
भोजन के मुख्य पोषक तत्व हैं–कार्बोहाइड्रेट, प्रोटीन, वसा, विटामिन, खनिज लवण एवं जल।

MP Board Solutions

प्रश्न 2.
निम्नलिखित के नाम लिखिए –

  1. पोषक जो मुख्य रूप से हमारे शरीर को ऊर्जा देते हैं।
  2. पोषक जो हमारे शरीर की वृद्धि और अनुरक्षण के लिए आवश्यक हैं।
  3. वह विटामिन जो हमारी अच्छी दृष्टि के लिए आवश्यक है।
  4. वह खनिज जो अस्थियों के लिए आवश्यक है।

उत्तर:

  1. कार्बोहाइड्रेट तथा वसा।
  2. प्रोटीन तथा खनिज लवण।
  3. विटामिन A
  4. कैल्सियम एवं फास्फोरस।

प्रश्न 3.
दो ऐसे खाद्य पदार्थों के नाम लिखिए जिनमें निम्न पोषक प्रचुर मात्रा में उपलब्ध होते हैं –

  1. वसा।
  2. मण्ड।
  3. आहारी रेशे।
  4. प्रोटीन।

उत्तर:
MP Board Class 6th Science Solutions Chapter 2 भोजन के घातक 1

प्रश्न 4.
इनमें सही कथन को (✓) अंकित कीजिए:

  1. केवल चावल खाने से हम अपने शरीर की पोषण आवश्यकताओं को पूरा कर सकते हैं।
  2. सन्तुलित आहार खाकर अभावजन्य रोगों की रोकथाम की जा सकती है।
  3. शरीर के लिए सन्तुलित आहार में नाना प्रकार के खाद्य पदार्थ होने चाहिए।
  4. शरीर को सभी पोषक तत्व उपलब्ध कराने के लिए केवल माँस पर्याप्त है।

उत्तर:

  1. (×) (असत्य)।
  2. (✓) (सत्य)।
  3. (✓) (सत्य)।
  4. (×) (असत्य)।

MP Board Solutions

प्रश्न 5.
रिक्त स्थानों की पूर्ति कीजिए:

  1. ………. विटामिन D के अभाव से होता है।
  2. ……. की कमी से बेरी-बेरी नामक रोग होता है।
  3. विटामिन C के अभाव से ……… नामक रोग होता है।
  4. हमारे भोजन में ……… के अभाव से रतौंधी होती है।

उत्तर:

  1. रिकेट्स।
  2. विटामिन B1
  3. स्कर्वी।
  4. विटामिन A

MP Board Class 6th Science Solutions

 

MP Board Class 7th Special English Letter and Application Writing

MP Board Class 7th Special English Letter and Application Writing

1. Write an application to your Headmaster or Principal requesting him to remit your absence fine.
To,
The Headmaster,
Govt. High School,
Agra City.

Sir,
Last Month I remained absent from school for five days. I fell ill. I gave my application to Raj, a student of class VI.
Raj forgot to give the application to my class teacher. So, I was fined. I am a poor boy. I cannot pay the fine.
Kindly remit my absence fine.

Thanks

Yours obediently,
Naveen Kumar,
Class Vi
Date : 14th Sept. 2005

MP Board Solutions

2. Write an application to the Headmaster of your school requesting him to exempt you for payment of tuition fee.
To,
The Headmaster,
Govt. High School.
Jabalpur Cantt.

Sir,
Most respectfully, I beg to state that my father is so poor that he cannot pay my school fees. He has a large family of seven members to support. His income is Rs. 600-a month. It is very difficult for us to make both ends meet.

I am student of class VIB of your school. I got very good marks in all the subjects in the last examination. I am a good hockey player of junior team and also obedient to all the teachers. I am regular in my studies as well as in attendance.

I am sure you will kindly grant me full fee concession.

Yours faithfully,
X
Date : February 4, 2006

3. Write an application to your principal requesting him to grant you sick leave.
To
The Principal,
Govt. Inter College,
Gwalior.

Sir,
Most respectully, I beg to say that I have been suffering from fever since last night. I am unable to attend college.
Kindly grant me sick leave for five days.

Your obedient pupil,
Naveen Chandra,
Class W-A.
Date : March’ 10, 2006

4. Write a letter to your mother fillingabout your new school.
25, Model Town,
Indore
July 20, 2006

My dear Mother,
I am glad to write that I like new school very much. My class-fellows are very kind to me. My teachers are very gentle. They always help us in studies and games.

The building of the school is grand. The school has beautiful park. It has two big playgrounds. Kindly pay my respects to father.

Your Loving Son,
Arun.

5. Write a letter to your father telling him how you are going with your studies.
F-20, Nehru Nagar,
Gwalior
December 5, 2005

My dear fathers,

I got your letter yesterday. You have asked me about my studies, Dear father, I am working well. I get up early in the morning and study for many hours.

I got good marks in the half-yearly examination.

Kindly pay my respects to dear mother and love to dear Alok and Meghna.

Yours affectionately,
Geeta Sharma

MP Board Solutions

6. Write a letter to your friend congratulating him or her on his or her success in the examination.
Patel Nagar,
Bhopal
June 15, 2005

My dear Usha,
Yesterday I got the news of your success in the High School Examination. My father brought this happy news.

You passed the examination in the first class. I congratulate you on your success. Pay my respects to your parents.

Yours sincerely,
Hem Lata.

7. Write a letter of sympathy to a friend who has failed in the examination. Prem Puri, Indore
June 15, 2005
My dear Santhosh,

I am very sorry to learn that you failed in the High School Examination. It was all due to your illness.

You should not lose heart. Please work hard. This year you will get got marks.I have great sympathy with you.

Please pay my respects to your parents.

Yours sincerely,
Girish

8. Write a letter to your friend inviting him or her to tea.
Sadar Bazar, Jabalpur
May 20, 2006

My dear Sheela,
You will be glad to know that my birthday falls on May 25, 2006 I am giving a grand tea party to my friends on that day.

I request you to reach my house at 3 p.m.

Yours sincerely,
Rangina.

MP Board Solutions

9. Write a letter to a book-seller ordering him to send you some books.
116, Nai Basti,
Raipur.
July 20, 2006
To,
The Manager,
Kamal Prakashan,
New Delhi.

Dear Sir,
I request you to send me the following books as per V.P.P. The books must be in a good condition.

Please send them as early as possible.

1. A.B.C. Grammer for class VI 5 Copies
2. Hamara Samaj 5 Copies
3. English Guide for class VI 5 Copies

Yours faithfully,
Vidhya Sagar

MP Board Class 7th English Solutions

MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण समास प्रकरण

MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण समास प्रकरण

दो या दो से अधिक शब्दों को मिलाकर एक शब्द बनाना समास कहलाता है। समस्तपद के पहले शब्द को पूर्वपद तथा बाद वाले शब्द को उत्तरपद कहते हैं।

समास शब्द सम् उपसर्ग के साथ अस् धातु से बना है। समास का अर्थ है-संक्षेप में कहना। समास छः प्रकार के होते हैं

1. तत्पुरुष समास

जिस समास में दो शब्दों के मध्य से विभक्तियों का लोप कर दिया जाता है तथा उत्तर पद प्रधान होता है वह तत्पुरुष समास होता है। विभक्तियों के अनुसार तत्पुरुष छः भेद होते हैं-
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण समास प्रकरण img-1
MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit व्याकरण समास प्रकरण img-2

2. द्विगु समास

जिस समास का पूर्वपद संख्यावाची हो वह समस्त द्विगु समास कहलाता है। यह समास समाहार (समूह) अर्थ में होता है।।

  • त्रयाणाम् पथाम् समाहारः = त्रिपथम्
  • पंचानां रात्रीणां समाहारः = पंचारात्रम
  • सप्त च ते ऋषयः = सप्तर्षयः
  • पञ्चानां वटानां समाहारः = पञ्चवटी
  • नवानां रात्रीणां समाहारः = नवरात्रम्
  • त्रयाणां लोकानां समाहारः = त्रिलोकी
  • पचानाम् पात्राणां समाहारः = पञ्चपात्रम्
  • शतानाम् अब्दानां समाहारः = शताब्दी

MP Board Solutions

3. द्वन्द्व समास

जिस समास में दो या दो से अधिक शब्दों के मध्य ‘च’ (और) शब्द का लोप हो जाए वह समास द्वन्द्व समास कहलाता है।

जैसे-

  • त्रयाणाम् पथाम् समाहारः – त्रिपथम्
  • रामः च लक्ष्मणः च – रामलक्ष्मणौ
  • हेमन्तः च शिशिरः च वसन्तः च – हेमन्तशिशिरवसन्ताः
  • सीता च रामः च – सीतारामौ
  • उमा च शंकरः च – उमाशंकरौ
  • पत्रं च पुष्पां च फलं च – पत्र पुष्प फलानि
  • हरि च हरः च – हरिहरौ
  • धर्मः च अर्थः च – धर्मार्थों
  • गुरुः च शिष्यः च – गुरुशिष्यौ
  • माता च पिता च – मातापितरौ
  • धर्मः च अर्थः च कामः च मोक्षः च – धर्मार्थकाममोक्षाः
  • धनं च मानं च – धनमानौ
  • पार्वती च परमेश्वरः च – पार्वतीपरमेश्वरी

4. कर्मधारय समास

इस समास में प्रथमपद विशेषण होता है तथा द्वितीय पद विशेष्य होता है। अथवा प्रथम पद उपमान होता है तथा द्वितीय पद उपमेय होता है।

जैसे-

  • नीलम् चतत् उत्पलम् – नीलोपतलम्
  • नीलम् च तत् कमलम् – नीलकमलम्
  • कृष्णः च असौ सर्पः – कृष्णसर्पः
  • महान् च असौ पुरुषः – महापुरुषः
  • महान् च असौ आत्मा – महात्मा
  • महान् च असौ जनः – महाजनक
  • उत्तमः च असौ जनः – उत्तमजनः
  • राजा च असौ ऋषिः – राजर्षिः
  • घन इव श्यामः – घनश्यामः
  • चरणं कमलम् इव – चरणकमलम्
  • चनद्र इव मुखम् – चन्द्रमुखम्
  • नरः सिंहः इव – नृसिंहः
  • नरः शार्दूलः इव – नरशार्दूलः

MP Board Solutions

5. बहुव्रीहि समास

बहुव्रीहि समास उन दो या दो से अधिक शब्दों का होता है जो मिलकर किसी अन्य पद का विशेषण बन जाते हैं।

जैसे-

  • पीतम् अम्बरम् यस्य सः – पीताम्बरः
  • सागरः मेखला यस्याः सा – सागरमेखला
  • त्यक्तं सर्वस्यं येन सः – त्यक्तसर्वस्यः
  • चक्रं पाणौ यस्य सः – चक्रपाणिः
  • दश आननानि यस्य सः – दशाननः
  • चन्द्रः शेखरेयस्य सः – चन्द्रशेखरः
  • जितानि इन्द्रियाणि येन सः – जितेन्द्रियः
  • कण्ठे कालः यस्य सः – कण्ठकालः
  • चत्वारि मुखानि यस्य सः – चतुर्मुखः
  • श्वेतं वस्त्रं यस्य सः – श्वेतवस्त्रः
  • त्रीणि नयनानि यस्य सः – त्रिनयनः
  • चत्वारि आननानि यस्य सः – चतुराननः
  • सपरिवार – परिवारेण सहितः यः सः
  • चन्द्रः मौलौ यस्य सः = चन्द्रमौलिः
  • प्राप्तम् उदकं यं सः = प्राप्तोदकः
  • दत्तं भोजनं यस्मै सः – दत्त भोजनः

MP Board Solutions

6. नञ् तत्पुरुष समास

नञ् अर्थात् न (जिसका अर्थ है नहीं) का पदों के साथ समास होता है। इस समास को नत्र तत्पुरुष कहते हैं। यदि न के आगे स्वरादि शब्द हो तो न के स्थान पर अनु हो जाता है।

  • न ब्राह्मणः, अब्राह्मणः
  • न सत्, असत्।
  • न चतुरः, अचुतरः।
  • न उचितम्, अनुचितम्।
  • न अर्थः, अनर्थः।
  • न एक्यम्, अनैक्यमम्।

MP Board Class 9th Sanskrit Solutions