Class 7

MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 4 सरल समीकरण Ex 4.4

Class 7 Maths Chapter 4 Exercise 4.4 Solutions In Hindi प्रश्न 1.
निम्नलिखित स्थितियों के लिए समीकरण बनाइए और फिर उन्हें हल करके अज्ञात संख्याएँ ज्ञात कीजिए:
(a) एक संख्या के 8 गुने में 4 जोड़िए; आपको 60 प्राप्त होगा।
(b) एक संख्या का \(\frac { 1 }{ 5 }\) घटा 4, संख्या 3 देता है।
(c) यदि मैं किसी संख्या का तीन-चौथाई लेकर इसमें तीन जोड़ दूं, तो मुझे 21 प्राप्त होते हैं।
(d) जब मैंने किसी संख्या के दुगुने में से 11 को घटाया तो परिणाम 15 प्राप्त हुआ।
(e) मुन्ना ने 50 में से अपनी अभ्यास पुस्तिकाओं की संख्या के तिगुने को घटाया, तो उसे परिणाम 8 प्राप्त होता है।
(f) इबेनहल एक संख्या सोचती है। वह इसमें 19 जोड़कर योग को 5 से भाग देती है, उसे 8 प्राप्त होता है।
(g) अनवर एक संख्या सोचता है। यदि वह इस संख्या के में से 7 निकाल दे, तो परिणाम 23 है।
हल:
(a) माना कि संख्या x है।
संख्या का आठ गुना = 8x
अब, प्रश्नानुसार,
8x + 4 = 60
या 8x = 60 -4 (4 को R.H.S. में स्थानापन्न करने पर)
8x = 56
दोनों पक्षों को 8 से भाग देने पर,
\(\frac { 8x }{ 8 }\) = \(\frac { 56 }{ 8 }\)
या x = 7
∴ अभीष्ट सख्या : 7

(b) माना कि संख्या x है।
संख्या का \(\frac { 1 }{ 5 }\) = \(\frac { 1 }{ 5 }\) x
अब प्रश्नानुसार,
\(\frac { 1 }{ 5 }\)x – 4 = 3
\(\frac { 1 }{ 5 }\) x = 3 + 4
या \(\frac { x }{ 5 }\) = 7
दोनों पक्षों में 5 कां गुणा करने पर,
\(\frac { x }{ 5 }\) x 5 = 7 x 5
∴ अभीष्ट संख्या : 35

(c) माना कि सख्या x है।
तब, संख्या का तीन-चौथाई = \(\frac { 3 }{ 4 }\) x
अब प्रश्नानुसार,
\(\frac { 3 }{ 4 }\) x + 3 = 21
\(\frac { 3 }{ 4 }\) x+ x = 21 – 3 = 18
दोनों पक्षों में \(\frac { 4 }{ 3 }\) x का गुणा करने पर,
\(\frac { 3 }{ 4 }\) x x \(\frac { 4 }{ 3 }\)= 18 x \(\frac { 4 }{ 3 }\) x
∴ अभीष्ट संख्या : 24

(d) माना कि संख्या x है।
तब संख्या का दुगुना = 2x
अब प्रश्नानुसार,
2x -11 = 15
2x = 15 + 11
2x = 26
∴ x = \(\frac { 26 }{ 2 }\) = 13.
अतः अभीष्ट संख्या : 13

(e) माना कि मुन्ना के पास अभ्यास-पुस्तिकाओं की संख्या x है।
तब अभ्यास-पुस्तिकाओं का तिगुना = 3x
अब, प्रश्नानुसार,
50 – 3x = 8
या -3x = 8 – 50 = – 42
दोनों पक्षों में -3 से भाग देने पर,
\(\frac { -3x }{ -3 }\) = \(\frac { -42 }{ -3 }\)
या x = 14
∴ अभीष्ट सख्या : 14

(f) माना कि सख्या x है।
अब प्रश्नानुसार,
\(\frac { x + 19 }{ 5 }\) = 8
या \(\frac { x + 19 }{ 5 }\) x 5 = 8 x 5
या x+ 19 = 40
या x = 40 – 19
या x = 21
∴अभीष्ट संख्या : 21

(g) माना कि संख्या x है।
तब, संख्या का \(\frac { 5 }{ 2 }\) = \(\frac { 5 }{ 2 }\)
अब प्रश्नानुसार,
\(\frac { 5 }{ 2 }\) x – 7 = 23
या \(\frac { 5 }{ 2 }\) x = 23 + 7 = 30
दोनों पक्षों में \(\frac { 2 }{ 5 }\) से गुणा करने पर,
या x = 12
∴ अभीष्ट संख्या : 12

Class 7 Math Chapter 4 Exercise 4.4 Solved In Hindi प्रश्न 2.
निम्नलिखित को हल कीजिए :
(a) अध्यापिका बताती है कि उनकी कक्षा में एक विद्यार्थी द्वारा प्राप्त किए गए अधिकतम अंक प्राप्त किए न्यूनतम अंक का दुगुना जमा 7 है। प्राप्त किए गए अधिकतम अंक 87 हैं। प्राप्त किए गए न्यूनतम अंक क्या हैं ?
(b) किसी समद्विबाहु त्रिभुज में आधार कोण बराबर होते हैं। शीर्ष कोण 40° है। इस त्रिभुज के आधार कोण क्या हैं ? (याद कीजिए कि त्रिभुज के तीनों कोणों का योग 180° होता है।)
(c) सचिन द्वारा बनाए गए रनों की संख्या राहुल द्वारा बनाए गए रनों की संख्या की दुगुनी है। उन दोनों द्वारा मिलाकर बनाए गए कुल रन एक दोहरे शतक से 2 रन कम हैं। प्रत्येक ने कितने रन बनाए थे ?
हल:
(a) माना कि न्यूनतम अंक x हैं।
तब न्यूनतम अंकों का दुगुना = 2x
अब प्रश्नानुसार,
न्यूनतम अंकों का दुगुना + 7 = 87
या 2x + 7 = 87
या 2x = 87 – 7 = 80
या x = \(\frac { 80 }{ 2 }\) = 40
∴ न्यूनतम अंक = 40

(b) माना कि आधार का कोण x° है।
∴ दूसरा आधार का कोण = x°
∵ शीर्ष कोण = 40°
∴ त्रिभुज के कोणों का योग = x° + x° + 40°
अब प्रश्नानुसार,
2x° + 40° = 180°
या 2x° = 180° – 40° = 140°
या x° = 140°/2 = 70°
∴ त्रिभुज के आधार का प्रत्येक कोण = 70°

(c) माना कि राहुल द्वारा बनाए गए रनों की संख्या x है।
∴ सचिन के रनों की संख्या = 2x
दोनों के रनों का योग = x + 2x = 3x
अब प्रश्नानुसार,
या 3x = 200 – 2
या 3x = 198
या x = \(\frac { 198 }{ 3 }\) = 66
x = 198
∴ राहुल के रन = 66
सचिन के रन = 2x = 2 x 66 = 132

Class 7 Maths Chapter 4 Exercise 4.4 Solutions प्रश्न 3.
निम्नलिखित को हल कीजिए :
(i) इरफान कहता है कि उसके पास परमीत के पास जितने कंचे हैं उनके 5 गुने से 7 अधिक कंचे हैं। इरफान के पास 37 कंचे हैं। परमीत के पास कितने कंचे हैं ?
(ii) लक्ष्मी के पिता की आयु 49 वर्ष है। उनकी आयु लक्ष्मी की आयु के तीन गुने से 4 वर्ष अधिक है। लक्ष्मी की आयु क्या है ?
(iii) सुन्दर ग्राम के निवासियों ने अपने गाँव के एक बाग में कुछ पेड़ लगाए। इनमें से कुछ पेड़ फलों के पेड़ थे। उन पेड़ों की संख्या, जो फलों के नहीं थे, फलों वाले पेड़ों की संख्या के तिगुने से 2 अधिक थी। यदि ऐसे पेड़ों की संख्या, जो फलों के नहीं थे, 77 है, तो लगाए गए फलों के पेड़ों की संख्या क्या थी ?
हल:
(i) माना कि परमीत के पास x कंचे हैं।
x का 5 गुना = 5x
इरफान के पास कंचों की संख्या = 37.
अब प्रश्नानुसार,
5x + 7 = 37
या 5x = 37 – 7 = 30
या x = \(\frac { 30 }{ 5 }\) = 6
∴ परमीत के पास कंचों की संख्या = 6

(ii) माना कि लक्ष्मी की आयु = x वर्ष
लक्ष्मी की आयु का तीन गुना = 3x
अब प्रश्नानुसार, लक्ष्मी की आयु का तीन गुना + 4 = पिता की आयु
या 3x + 4 = 49
या 3x = 49 – 4 = 45
या x = \(\frac { 45 }{ 3 }\) = 15
अतः लक्ष्मी की आयु = 15 वर्ष

(iii) माना कि फलों के पेड़ों की संख्या x है।
∴ फलों के पेड़ों का तिगुना = 3x
अब प्रश्नानुसार,
फल वाले पेड़ों की संख्या का तिगुना + 2 = बिना फल वाले पेड़ों की संख्या
या 3x + 2 = 77
या 3x = 77 – 2 = 75
या x = \(\frac { 75 }{ 3 }\) = 25
∴ फलों के पेड़ों की संख्या = 25

Ncert Class 7 Maths Exercise 4.4 Solution प्रश्न 4.
निम्नलिखित पहेली को हल कीजिए :
मैं एक संख्या हूँ,
मेरी पहचान बताओ!
मुझे सात बार लो,
और एक पचास जोड़ो!
एक तिहरे शतक तक पहुँचने के लिए
आपको अभी भी चालीस चाहिए!
हल:
माना कि संख्या x है।
संख्या का 7 गुना = 7x
तीन शतक = 3 x 100 = 300
अब प्रश्नानुसार, सख्या का 7 गुना + 50 = तीन शतक – 40
या 7x + 50 = 300 – 40
या 7x = 300 – 40 – 50
या 7x = 210
या x = \(\frac { 210 }{7 }\) = 30
अतः अभीष्ट संख्या = 30

MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions

MP Board Class 7th Science Solutions Chapter 4 Heat

Heat Intext Questions

Question 1.
Boojho says, My left hand tells me that the water in mug C is hot and the right hand tells me that the same water is cold. What should I conclude?
Answer:
Both of the conclusions are true relative to each hand. But a single conclusion can not be drawn from the given information.

MP Board Class 7th Science Chapter 4 Question 2.
Boojho wondered which of the two scales shown in fig. he should read. Paheli told him that India has adopted the Celsius scale and we should read that scale. The other scale with the range 94-108 degrees is the Fahrenheit scales (°F). It was in use earlier.

Answer:
Yes

Question 3.
Boojho got a naughty idea. He wanted to measure the temperture of hot milk using a clinical thermometer. Paheli stopped him from doing so?
Answer:
Yes, do not use a clinical thermometer for measuring the temperature of any object other than he human body because it may break.

MP Board Class 7 Science Chapter 4 Question 4.
Boojho now understand why clinical thermometer can not be used to measure high temperatures. But still wonders whether a laboratory thermometer can be used to measure his body temperature?
Answer:
Yes, laboratory thermometer can also be used for measuring body temperature.

Question 5.
Boojho wonders why the level of mercury should change at all when the bulb of the thermometer is brought in contact with another object?
Answer:
The temperature of other object may not be the same as that of the bulb of the thermometer. When bulb is brought in contact with that object, the temperature of the bulb changes. Thus, the level of mercury also changes.

specific heat Calculator of liquid water at constant volume or constant pressure at temperatures from 0 to 360 °C.

Question 6.
Paheli asks: “Does it mean that heat will not be transferred if the temperature of two objects is the same?”
Answer:
Yes.

Activities
Activity 1
Lost some objects you use commonly in given table. Mark these objects as cold or hot?
Answer:

Activity 2
Measure the body temperature of some of your friends (at least 10) with a clinical thermometer.
Answer:
Observation for body temperature of some persons.

Activity 3
Take a rod or flat strip of a metal, say of aluminium or iron. Fix a few small wax pieces on the rod. These pieces should be at nearly equal distances (fig.). Clamp the rod to a stand. If you do not find a stand, you can put one end of the rod in between bricks. Now, heat the other end of the rod and observe.

What happens to the wax pieces? Do these pieces begin to fall? Which piece fall the first? Do you think that heat is transferred from the end nearest to the flame to the other end?
Answer:
The wax pieces start to melt and fall down.
Yes.
The piece nearest to the flame tall first. Yes, heat is transferred from the end nearest to the flame to the other end.

Activity 4
Heat water in a small pan or a beaker. Collect some articles such as a steel spoon, plastic scale, pencil and divider. Dip one end of each of these articles in hot water (fig.). Wait for a few minutes. Touch the other end. Enter your observation in Table.

Activity 5
Explain with activity heat transfer by conduction method?
Answer:
1. Aim:
To understand, ‘heat transfer by conduction’.

2. Required material:
Iron stick, some nails, candle.

3. Process:
Attach the nails on thin iron rod at some intervals with help of candle-wax as shown in figure. Now heat one end of iron rod with candle.

4. Analysis:
When we Start heating one end of iron rod, nails start falling one by one. The nail which is adjacent to hot end of iron – rod, falls first and then other nails 1 fall in sequence. Falling of nails in sequence indicate heat flow by conduction. Some time later, heat reaches to other end of rod and entire rod becomes hot.

5. Conclusion:
Heat transfer in iron – rod takes place by conduction.

Activity 6
Take a round bottom flask (if flask is not available, a beaker can be used). Fill it two – thirds with water. Place it on a tripod, or make some arrangement to place the flask in such a way that you can heat it by placing a candle below it. Wait till the water in the flask in still. Place a crystal of potassium permanganate at the bottom of the flask gently using a straw. Now, heat the water by placing the candle just below the crystal. Write your observation in your notebook and also draw a picture of what you observe.
Answer:
When water is heated, the water near the flame gets hot. Hot water rises up. The cold water from the sides moves

down towards the source of heat. This water also gets hot and rises and water from the sides moves down. This process continues till the whole water gets heated. This mode of heat transfer is knwon as convection.

Heat Text book exercises

Question 1.
State similarities and differences between the laboratory thermometer and the clinical thermometer?
Answer:
Similarities:

1. Both use mercury.
2. Both measure temperature.

Differences:
1. The range of a mercury thermometer is 100°C. A mercury thermometer having graduations from 0°C to 100°C while the temperature interval marked on the clinical thermometers ranges from 35°C to 43°C.

2. The temperature on laboratory thermometer falls by itself, but not so in clinical thermometer. In clinical thermometers, a jerk is given so that it is set again for measuring human body temperature.

MP Board Class 7th Science Chapter 3 Heat Question 2.
Give two emamples each of conductors and insulators of heat?
Answer:
Conductors: Copper, Aluminium

Insulators: Wood, Plastic

Question 3.
Fill in the blanks:

1. The hotness of an object is determined by its ………………
2. Temperature of boiling water cannot be measured by a ………………. thermometer.
3. Temperature is measured in degree …………………
4. No medium is required for tansfer of heat by the process of ………………..
5. A cold steel spoon is dipped in a cup of hot milk. It transfers heat to its other end by the process of …………………..
6. Clothes of ………………. dolours absorb heat better than clothes of light colours.

Answer:

1. Temperature
2. Clinical
3. Celsius
4. Radiation
5. Conduction
6. Dark/black.

Class 7 Science Chapter 4 MP Board Question 4.
Match the following:

Answer:

(i) (d)
(ii) (c)
(iii) (b)
(iv) (a)

Question 5.
Discusss why wearing more layers of clothing during winter keeps us warmer than waering just one thick piece of clothing?
Answer:
More layers of clothing keep us warm in winters as they have a lot of space between them. Air is a poor conductor of heat. This increases the insulation and thus, comfortability warm of the clothes as a whole.

MP Board Class 7 Science Chapter 3 Heat Question 6.
Look at fig Mark where the heat is being transferred by conduction, by convection and by radiation?
Answer:

Question 7.
In places of hot climate it is advised that the outer walls of houses be painted white. Explain?
Answer:
In places of hot climate it is advised that the outer wall of houses be painted white because white colour do not radiate heat easily.

Class 7 Science Chapter 4 Question 8.
One litre of water at 30°C is mixed with one litre of water at 50°C. The temperature of the mixture will be

1. 80°C
2. More than 50°C but less than 80°C
3. 20°C
4. Between 30°C and 50°C

Answer:
4. Between 30°C and 50°C.

Question 9.
An iron ball at 40°C is dropped in a mug containing water at 40°C. The heat will

1. Flows from iron ball to water.
2. Not flow from iron ball to water or from water to iron ball.
3. Flows from water to iron ball.
4. Increase the temperature of both.

Answer:
2. Not flow from iron ball to water or from water to iron ball.

Science Chapter 4 Class 7 Question Answer Question 10.
A wooden spoon is dipped in a cup of ice cream. Its other end

1. Becomes cold by the process of conduction.
2. Becomes cold by the process of convection.
3. Becomes cold by the process of radiation.
4. Does not become cold.

Answer:
4. Does not become cold.

Question 11.
Stainless steel pans are usually provided with copper bottoms. The reason for this could be that

1. Copper bottom makes the pan more durable
2. Such pans appear colourful
3. Copper is a better conductor of heat than the stainless steel
4. Copper is easier to clean than the stainless steel.

Answer:
3. Copper is a better conductor of heat than the stainless steel

Extended Learning – Activities and Projects

Table 4.3 Class 7 Science Question 1.
Go to a doctor or your nearest health centre. Observe the doctor taking temperature of patients Enquire?

1. Why she dips the thermometer in a liquid before use.
2. Why the thermomter is kept under the tongue.
3. Whether the body temperature can be measured by keeping the thermomter at some place other than the mouth.
4. Whether the temperature of different parts of the body is the same or different. You can add more questions which come to your mind.

Answer:

1. Because to prevent infection. This liquid is an antiseptic.
2. Because the temperature below the tongue represents actual temperature of body.
3. Yes, but not so desirable.
4. Temperature of different parts of the body are different.

Question 2.
Go to a veterinary doctor (a doctor who treats animals)?
Discuss and find out the normal temperature of domesitc animals and birds.
Answer:

Class 7 Science Chapter 4 Table 4.3 Question 3.
Wrap a thin paper strip tightly around an iron rod. Try to burn the paper with candle while rotating the iron rod continuously. Does it burn? Explain your observation?
Answer:
No, the paper strip does not burn. Iron it a good conductor of heat. It takes away .the heat from paper and saves it from burning.

Question 4.
Take a sheet of paper. Draw a spiral on it as shown in the fig. Cut out the paper along the line. Suspend the paper as shown in figure, above a lighted candle. Observe what happens. Think of an explanation?

Answer:
The paper spiral keeps moving. This is so because the air above the flame moves up due to convection.

Class 7 Science Chapter 4 Extended Learning Activities And Projects Question 5.
Take two similar transparent glass bottles having wide mouths. Put a few crystals of potassium permanganate or pour a few drops of ink in one bottle. Fill this bottle with hot water. Fill the other bottle with cold water. Cover the cold water bottle with a thick piece of paper such as a postcard. Press the postcard firmly with one hand and hold the bottle with the other hand. Invert the bottle and place it on top of the hot water bottle. Hold both the bottles firmly. Ask some other person to pull the postcard. Observe what happens. Explain.
Answer:
Do with the help of your subject teacher.

Heat Additional Important Questions

Objective Type Questions

Question 1.
Choose the correct alternative:

Class 7 Science Chapter 4 Question Answer Question (i)
By which method heat transfer takes place in solids –
(a) Convection
(b) Conduction
(c) Radiation
(d) All three.
Answer:
(b) Conduction

Question (ii)
When can feel the hotness of some hot substance like electric iron from a little distance by which method?
(a) Convection
(b) Conduction
(c) Radiation
(d) All three methods.
Answer:
(c) Radiation

Table 4.1 Class 7 Science Question (iii)
By which method sun’s heat reaches to earth –
(a) Conduction
(b) Convection
(c) Radiation
(d) Conduction and convection.
Answer:
(c) Radiation

Question (iv)
The handle of cooker is make up of bakelite because it is –
(a) Cheap
(b) Looks beautiful
(c) Bad conductor of heat
(d) Good conductor of heat.
Answer:
(c) Bad conductor of heat

Question (v)
By which of the following processes the water circulates in radiator of the bus engine and keeps the engine cool –
(a) Convection
(b) Radiation
(c) Conduction
(b) Conduction and radiation.
Answer:
(a) Convection

Class 7 Science Chapter 4 Table 4.1 Question (vi)
Ice is kept in four boxes made of the following materials. If the same quantity of ice is kept for same time in the boxes, in which box the ice will melt least –
(a) Lead
(b) Wood
(c) Steel
(d) Thermocoal.
Answer:
(d) Thermocoal.

Question (vii)
In radiation, heat energy travel in –
(a) Curred lines
(b) Zig – zag lines
(c) Straight lines
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(c) Straight lines

Table 4.2 Class 7 Science Question (viii)
A thermos flask prevents loss or gain of heat by –
(a) Radiation only
(b) Conduction only
(c) Convection only
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(b) Conduction only

Question 2.
Fill in the blanks:

1. The measure of …………… energy is temperature.
2. ……………. is the apparatus to measure temperature.
3. The temperature at which a substance changes its state from solid to liquid is called its …………….
4. In convection, water travels from …………. region to the ……………. region.
5. The black bodies are good ………….. of heat.
6. Water is a …………… conductor of heat.
7. Transfer of energy between different part of a body is called ……………
8. Shining bodies are poor ……………. of heat energy.
9. Dark objects absorbs …………… heat then light coloured object.

Answer:

1. Heat
2. Thermometer
3. Melting point
4. Hotter, colder
5. Absorber
6. Bad
7. Conduction
8. Radiators
9. More.

Which of the following statements are True (T) or False(F):

1. Heat is a form of energy.
2. Heat flows from a lower temperature to a higher temperature.
3. The temperature of a healthy adult is 98.4°C.
4. Iron is better conductor of heat than aluminium.
5. The temperature at which a substance changes its state from solid to liquid is called its melting point.
6. In thermometer highest points is 100°C.
7. In thermometer’s the lowest point is 273°K Radiation of heat can take place without a medium. See
8. breeze is the blowing of air from sea toward the land.
9. Air is a good conductor of heat.

Answer:

1. Ture (T)
2. False (F)
3. False (F)
4. False (F)
5. True (T)
6. Ture (T)
7. True (T)
8. True (T)
9. True (T)
10. False (F).

Class 7 Science Chapter 4 Table 4.2 Question 4.
Match the items in Column A with Column B:

Answer:

(i) (d)
(ii) (a)
(iii) (b)
(iv) (c)

Heat Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Define clinical thermometer?
Answer:
The thermometer that is used to measures our body temperature is called a clinical thermometer.

Question 2.
What is the range of a clinical thermometer?
Answer:
35°C to 42°C.

Body Temperature Of Some Person Question 3.
Why is range of a clinical thermometer is chosen to be 35°C to 42°C?
Answer:
The clinical thermometer is designed to measure the temperature of human body only. The temperature of human body normally does not go below 35°C or above 42°C. That is the reason why this thermometer has the range 35°C to 42°C.

Question 4.
What is the use of kink in thermometer?
Answer:
Kink prevents mercury level from falling on its own.

Question 5.
Why dose the mercury not fall or rise in a clinical thermometer when taken out of the month?
Answer:
The kink prevents the mercury level from falling down.

Class 7th Science Chapter 4 Question 6.
Name two substances which contract on heating.
Answer:
Bismuth, Ice.

Question 7.
Which substances has the highest heat capacity?
Answer:
Water.

Question 8.
Which gets hotter soon, land or water?
Answer:
Land.

Question 9.
What is thermos flask?
Answer:
Thermos flask is a device in which heat losses due to conduction, convention and radiation are minimised.

Question 10.
How does the heat travel in air? In which direction does the smoke go?
Answer:
Heat moves in air by convection. The smoke moves in the upward direction.

Question 11.
How does the heat from the sun reaches?
Answer:
By radiation.

Class 7 General Science Chapter 4 Question Answer Question 12.
Why are you advised to use an umbrella when you go out in the Sun?
Answer:
The umbrella protects us from heat rays of the Sun.

Question 13.
What is temperature?
Answer:
Temperature of an object is the degree of its hotnees. It tells us how hot or cold the object is.

Question 14.
Name the instrument we use to measure temperature.
Answer:
We use thermometers to measure the temperature.

Question 15.
Write the S.I. unit of heat?
Answer:
Joule.

Science Class 7 Chapter 4question Answer Question 16.
Write the names of the methods of heat transfer?
Answer:
The names of methods of heat transfer are conduction, convection and radiation.

Question 17.
The iron nails from aluminium rods falls faster than from iron rod. What do you conclude from this statement?
Answer:
It means that aluminium is a better conductor of heat as compared to iron. So it passes heat much quickly to the iron nails and they fall down due to melting of wax.

Question 18.
Why in summer days does the fan give hot air first in a closed room when it is switched on?
Answer:
In a closed room the hot air remains at top because it is lighter. So when fan is turned on, it circulates the upper air first and it gives a current of hot air.

Class 7th Science Chapter Number 4 Question 19.
Why are the cooking utensile made up of metals?
Answer:
Cooking utensils are made up of metals as they are good conductor of heat. They transfer the heat to the food inside quickly and the food is cooked easily.

Question 20.
What are good conductors of heat? Give examples.
Answer:
Substances which allow the heat to pass through them are called good conductors of heat. Examples : all metal like iron, aluminium, copper and alloys like steel etc.

Question 21.
What are bad conductor of heat? Give examples.
Answer:
Substance which do not allow the heat to pass through them are called bad conductor of heat.
Examples: wood, paper, asbestos, rubber etc.

Science Class 7 Lesson 4 Question 22.
Why do fire workers wear bright clothes?
Answer:
Fire worker wears bright clothes because bright clothes are good reflector of heat. They send back the heat falling on them. Thus fire workers do not catch fire and heat easily.

Question 23.
On a cold winter night, why do we feel colder when the sky clear than when it is cloudy?
Answer:
As clouds are bad conductor of heat, they do not allow the warm air around us to flow up. So heat remains near the ground and we feel warmer.

Class 7 Science Chapter 3 Heat Question 24.
When does the conduction of heat stop in two bodies in contact?
Answer:
The conduction of heat stops in two bodies in contact when the two bodies attain equal temperature. That is the two bodies have no temperature difference.

Question 25.
How do you note the temperature of the body with thermometer?
Answer:
When bulb of thermometer comes in contact with our body. The mercury in the thin tube rises up. When the temperature of thermometer and body becomes equal, the level of the mercury does not rise further. This is the temperature of the body.

Heat Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is the difference between heat and temperature?
Answer:
Heat:

1. Heat is a form of energy. It flows from a body at higher temperature to a body at lower temperature.
2. Heat is measured in Joules or Calorie.

Temperature:

1. Temperature is a measure of energy in the form of heat. Generally the temperature of a body increases when it is heated.
2. Temperature is measured in Celcius.

Chapter 4 Science Class 7th Question 2.
On basis of what properties, mercury is used in thermometer?
Answer:
Mercury is used in thermometer because of the following properties:

1. Thermal expansion is uniform in mercury.
2. As it is shining silvery white, its thermal expansion is seen easily. This helps in noting the reading of thermometer easily.
3. It does not stick to the surface of glass.
4. Mercury does not freeze at 0°C because it’s freezing point is 39°C.

It does not boil at 100°C because it’s boiling point is 357°C. Hence, mercury has wide range of temperature between its freezing point and boiling point.

Question 3.
Distinguish between conduction and convection.
Conduction:

1. In conduction the molecules do not leave their position.
2. It generally takes place in solid.

Convection:

1. In convection the molecules of the substance actually move from hotter region to colder region.
2. It generally takes place in gases and liquids.

MP Board Solution Question 4.
Why should we wear dark coloured clothes in winter and light coloured clothes in summer?
Answer:
Bright clothes objects tend to reflect back the heat more, than to absorb the heat. Therefore, it is advisable to wear them in summer. On the other hand, dark coloured clothes have a greater tendency to absored and hence “retain” the heat. Hence they are worn in winter.

Question 5.
Why rise in temperature in two substances of equal quantity is not same even through equal amount of heat is given to them?
Answer:
The same quantity of heat supplied to the same amount of different substances, then the rise in teperature would not be same bacause the rise in temperature of the substance would depend on their specific heat. The temperaute of the substance which has less specific heat would rise more.

Question 6.
What are the precautions to be observed while reading a clinical thermometer?
Answer:
Precautions to be observed while reading a clinical thermometer are:

1. Thermometer should be washed before and after use, preferably with an antiseptic solution.
2. Ensure that before use, the mercury level is below 35°C.
3. Read the thermometer keeping the level of mercury along the line of sight.
4. Handle the thermometer with care. If it hits against some hard object, it can break.
5. Don’t hold the thermometer by the bulb while reading it.

Question 7.
What are the precautions to be observed while reading a laboratory thermometers?
Answer:
In addition to the precautions needed while reading a clinical thermometer, the laboratory thermometer

1. Should be kept upright not tilted.
2. Bulb should be surrounded from all sides by the substance of which the temperature is to be measured. The bulb should not touch the surface of the container.

Question 8.
Define mamixum – minimum thermometer.
Answer:
Different types of thermoters are used for different puroposes. The maximum and minimum temperatures of the previous day, reported in weather reports, are measured by a thermometer called the maximum – minimum thermometer.

Question 9.
Draw diagram of the laboratory thermometer. Mark the lower and upper fixed temperatures on a Celsius scale and indicate the values in Kelvin scale aslo.
Answer:

Question 10
Name three different types of thermometers. Which of these is most sensitive?
Answer:
The three different types of thermometers are:

1. Mercury thermometer
2. Alcohol thermometer
3. Gases thermometer.

Mercury thermometer is used to measure nominal temperature. Alcohol thermometer is used to measure very low temperature. The gaseous thermometer is the most sensitive of all, as the gases are very sensitive to the slightest temperature change. The gaseous thermometers are rarely used because of the difficulty they pose in handling.

Question 11.
Define digital thermometers with diagram?
Answer:
There is a lot of concern over the use of mercury in thermometers. Mercury is a toxic substance and is very difficult to dispose of if a thermometer breaks. These days, digital thermometers are available which do not use mercury.

Heat Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Explain with experiment the method of heat transfer by radiation?
Answer:
To know that the amount of heat absorbed or radiated by a substance depends upon colour of a substance.

Required Material:
Two containers of same metal, two thermometer, black and white colour, two cardboard pieces.

Procedure:

1. Colour the outer surface of one container with black and other with white.

2. Add equal quantity of tap water in both and insert thermometer by making a hole at the centre of card board as shown in picture.

3. Keep both containers for about 30 minutes under the sun. Then note down the temperature of both the containers.

4. Now add same quantity of hot water heated upto 50 to 60°C in both containers. Arrange the card board and thermometer properly and keep both of them is shadow for about 10 minutes. Then note down temperature of water from both containers.

Analysis:

Position 1.
After keeping containers for 30 minutes under the sun, you will see that, there is more increase in temperature of water in black container in comparision with white one. It is because black or dark colours are good absorbers of heat while white (light) colour is not.

Position 2.
After keeping the containers for 10 minutes in shadow, you will see that water in black container has cooled more than the water in white container. It is because black or dark colours are good emitters of heat, while white (light) colours are not.

Conclusion:

1. Black or dark colour are good absorbers or emitters of heat.
2. White or light colurs are good reflectors of heat. It means they are not good absorbers or emitters of heat.
3. The amount of heat emitted or absorbed by a substance depends upon colour of a substance.

Question 2.
Write some facts which indicates that sun light reaches to us by method of radiation?
Answer:
Medium is required for transfer of heat by conduction and convection process. When you stand under the sun, you experience heat. Heat reaches upto us from the sun. It is necessary to know following facts:

1. Air is poor conductor of heat hence heat is not transfered by conduction method in air.

2. Sun’s heat does not reach upto us by convection process also. Beacuse, you know that, convection will start only after earth is heated.

3. There is vacuum between sun and errth i.e. there is no medium. Hence sun’s heat can not reach upto us by conduction or convection method because medium is required for both methods. It means that sun’s heat reached us by some other method called radiation.

Question 3.
How does the highest and lowest constant point of thermometer marked?
Answer:
Two constant points i.e., lowest and highest are required to be marked while graduating the thermometer.

The lowest constant point:
The thermometer bulb is kept in a melting ice as shown in figure. Mercury descends in tube and remains constant after some time. This point is marked. This is lowest constant point of thermometer.

Highest constant point:
The thermometer bulb is kept in vapour of pure boiling water. Mercury ascends in tube and remains constant after some time. This point is marked. This is the highest constant point of thermometer.

Celcius scale:
Lowest constant point (temperature of melting ice) is indicated by °C and highest constant point (temperature of boiling water) is indicated by 100°C in this scale. The length between these two point is divided into 100 equal parts. The value of each parts is 1°C.

Question 4.
How does sea breeze flow?
Answer:
Convection current has got an important role in change of seasons. Sea breeze is the best example of this principle. In fact during day time, seashore land gets hotter earlier than water. Air in contact with it, becomes hot and rises. (Density of hot air is less and hence it is lighter) and hence to take its place cold air above sea flows towards seashore. Because of it, during day time sea breeze flows.

During night time, this process gets reversed. See water becomes cool later than seashore during night time. (As the specific heat capacity of water is more than the seashore land, it takes longer time to become hot and also takes longer time to become cool). Hence during night time, temperature of sea is more than seashore. As a result surface air of sea gets hotter and rises and air above seashore takes its place. In this way during night time cool air flows towards sea.

Question 5.
What is thermometer? Describe its construction?
Answer:
A thermometer is a device which is used to measure temperature accurately. The two commonly used thermometers are clinical thermometer and laboratory thermometer. The clinical thermometer is used by doctors to measure the body temperature. The laboratory thermometer is used in laboratories to measure melting point and boiling points.

A thermometer consists of a very fine capillary glass tube attached to a bulb containing mercury. In laboratory  thermometer the mercury is at zero mark when placed in ice and is at hundred mark when placed in boiling water. Therefore, zero, mark is considered as lower fixed point and 100 mark is considered as upper fixed point (see fig.).

Question 6.
Explain the structure or thermos flask with neat diagram?
Answer:
Thermos Flask was prepared first of all by Sir James Debar. It is used for storing cold or hot liquids for hours together. It is designed in such a way that heat transfer by conduction, convection and radiation should be minimum.

MP Board Class 7th Science Solutions

In this article, we will share MP Board Class 7th Hindi Solutions Chapter 8 उत्साह Pdf, Class 7 Hindi Lesson 8, These solutions are solved subject experts from the latest edition books.

MP Board Class 7th Hindi Sugam Bharti Solutions Chapter 8 उत्साह

MP Board Class 7th Hindi Sugam Bharti Chapter 8 प्रश्न-अभ्यास

वस्तुनिष्ठ प्रश्न

MP Board Class 7th Hindi Chapter 8 प्रश्न 1.
(क) सही जोड़ी बनाइए
1. बुरी – (क) महूरत
2. बड़ी – (ख) शेर
3. बड़े – (ग) जिंदगी
4. यात्रा – (घ) शर्मिंदगी
उत्तर
1. (ग), 2. (घ) , 3. (ख) , 4. (क)

Class 7 Hindi Chapter 8 MP Board प्रश्न (ख)
दिए गए शब्दों में से उपयुक्त शब्द चुनकर रिक्त स्थानों की पूर्ति कीजिए
1. फिसड्डी रहे और जीते रहे। किसी का दिया पीते रहे। (दूध/पानी)
2. भला यात्रा का……….. भी है। (जरूरत/महूरत)
3. कभी तुम बड़े………….. ये ठीक है। (शेर/सियार)
4. जरा………… अपना बदलते चलो। (मार्ग/भाग)
उत्तर
1. पानी
2. महूरत
3. शेर
4. भाग।

MP Board Class 7th Hindi Sugam Bharti Chapter 8 अति लघु उत्तरीय प्रश्न

MP Board Class 7 Hindi Chapter 8 प्रश्न 2.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर एक वाक्य में लिखिए

(क)
इस कविता में फिसड्डी रहने का क्या अर्थ है?
उत्तर
इस कविता में फिसड्डी रहने का अर्थ है ‘हर कार्य में पीछे रहना।

(ख)
कवि के अनुसार उत्साह की आवश्यकता क्यों
उत्तर
कवि के अनुसार जीवन में किसी भी कार्य में उन्नति करने के लिए उत्साह की आवश्यकता होती

(ग)
दूसरों के सहारे जीने का भाव कविता की कौन-सी पंक्ति में आया है?
उत्तर
दूसरों के सहारे जीने का भाव कविता की ‘किसी का दिया दूध पीते रहे’ पंक्ति से लिया गया है।

(घ)
हमें मुहूर्त की प्रतीक्षा में रुककर क्यों नहीं बैठना चाहिए?
उत्तर
हमें मुहूर्त की प्रतिक्षा में रुककर इसलिए नहीं बैटना चाहिए क्योंकि समय कभी किसी के लिए रुकता नहीं है।

(ङ)
क्या अपने अतीत पर अभिमान करते रहना उचित है?
उत्तर
हमें मात्र अपने अतीत के गौरव का मान करते रहना नहीं चाहिए बल्कि जीवन में आगे बढ़ते रहना चाहिए।

MP Board Class 7th Hindi Sugam Bharti Chapter 8 लघु उत्तरीय प्रश्न

Class 7 Hindi Chapter 8 Question Answer Board प्रश्न 3.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर कम-से-कम तीन वाक्यों में लिखिए

(क)
व्यक्ति को जीवन में सफल होने के लिए क्या आवश्यक है?
उत्तर
व्यक्ति को जीवन में सफल होने के लिए द्रढ़ निश्चय और कढ़ी मेहनत की तो आश्यकता होती ही है, किंतु सफलता में निश्चयता लाने के लिए उत्साह की जरूरत होती है।

(ख)
कवि के अनुसार बुरी जिंदगी कौन-सी है?
उत्तर
जीवन के प्रत्येक कार्य में फिसड्डी बने रहना तथा हमेशा दूसरों के दया-धर्म पर जिंदा रहना, कवि ने ऐसी जिंदगी को सबसे बुरी बना है।

(ग)
शर्मिदगी से बचने के लिए हमें क्या करना चाहिए?
उत्तर
शर्मिंदगी से बचने के लिए हमें आत्म-निर्भर तथा मेहनती बनना चाहिए। हमें कदापि दूसरों के टुकड़ों पर नहीं पलना चाहिए। यदि हमें पूर्ण विकास करना है तो निरंतर आगे बढ़ते रहना चाहिए।

(घ)
हम ‘बड़े शेर’ कब थे और कैसे?
उत्तर
प्राचीन काल में भारत प्रत्येक क्षेत्र जैसे साहित्य, व्यापार, चिकित्सा तथा कला आदि में सर्वश्रेष्ठ था। इसीलिए हम कहते है कि हम कभी शेर थे। किंतु हमें यह सोचकर हमेशा खुश नहीं रहना चाहिए बल्कि अपने वर्तमान को सुधारने के लिए आगे बढ़ते रहना चाहिए।

(ङ)
उत्साह कविता का मूल-भाव क्या है? संक्षेप में लिखिए।
उत्तर
कवि कविता के माध्यम से हम सबको संदेश देते हैं कि हमें अपने आलस्य को त्याग कर तथा दूसरों पर निर्भरता छोड़ कर स्वयं की मेहनत और कर्म पर विश्वास करना चाहिए। कभी हम सोने की चिढ़िया कहलाते थे, यह सोचकर हमेशा खुश नहीं होते रहना ‘चाहिए बल्कि हमें वर्तमान की मेहनत और लान पर भरौसा करना चाहिए।

भाषा की बात

Class 7 Hindi Chapter 8 Question Answer प्रश्न 4.
निम्नलिखित शब्दों का शुद्ध उच्चारण कीजिए
शर्मिंदगी, जिंदगी, यात्रा, जमाना
उत्तर
छात्र स्वयं करें।

Class 7 Hindi Chapter 8 प्रश्न 5.
निम्नलिखित शब्दों में शुद्ध वर्तनी वाले शब्दों को गोला लगाइए
उत्तर
फिसड्डी, फसड्डी, फिसीड्डी खियाल, ख्याल, खयाल सर्मिन्दगी, शर्मिंदगी, शर्मंदगी

Path 8 Hindi Class 7 प्रश्न 6.
निम्नलिखित शब्दों के तत्सम रूप लिखिए
महूरत, दूध, जात्रा, भाग
उत्तर
शब्द – तत्सम रुप
महूरत – मुहूर्त
दुध – दुग्ध
जात्रा – यात्रा
भाग – भाग्य

Class 7 Hindi Lesson 8 Question Answer प्रश्न 7.
निम्नलिखित मुहावरों का अर्थ लिखकर वाक्यों में प्रयोग कीजिए
फिसड्डी रहना, किसी का दिया दूध पीना, मुहूर्त सोचना, बड़े शेर होना, ख्यालों में बना।
उत्तर

उत्साह कविता का परिचय

1. प्रस्तुत कविता में कवि ने देशवासियों को सर्वदा बढते रहने के लिए कहा है। जीवन में चाहे कितनी ही कठिनाइयाँ उत्पन्न हों, हमें रूकना नहीं चाहिए। हमें किसी की दया और सहारे पर नहीं बल्कि अपने आत्मविश्वास और मेहनत पर भरोसा करना चाहिए। समय हमारे साथ है, हमें आगे बढ़ने के लिए किसी का इंतजार नहीं करना चाहिए। यह भी सोचना व्यर्थ है कि सैकड़ों वर्ष पहले हम श्रेष्ठ थे, “अब क्या है?” यह महत्त्वपूर्ण है, हम आज की कमियों को पूरा करने के लिए बढ़ते चले।

उत्साह संदर्भ-प्रसंग सहित व्याख्या

1. चलते चलो और चलते चलो लहरों में,
लपटों में पलते चलो।

फिसड्डी रहे और जीते रहे,
किसी का दिया दूध पीते रहे,
तो इससे बुरी जिंदगी कौन-सी?
बड़ी और शर्मिंदगी कौन-सी?

ये आराम छोड़ों, उबलते चलो
लहरों में, लपटों में चलते चलो।

शब्दार्थ-लहरों में = जीवन का उतार चढ़ाव में। लपटों में = जीवन में आने वाले कष्टों की ज्वालाओं में। फिसड्डी = पीछे रहने वाले। किसी का दिया दूध पीते रहे = दी हुई सहायता का कर्ज से पलते रहे। शर्मिंदगी = उत्साह या जोशपूर्वक चलते चलो।

संदर्भ- प्रस्तुत काव्य पंक्तियाँ हमारी पाठ्य-पुस्तक ‘सुगम भारती’ (हिंदी सामान्य) भाग-7 के पाठ-8 ‘उत्साह’ से ली गई हैं। इसके रचयिता भवानीप्रसाद मिश्र हैं।

प्रसंग-इन पंक्तियों में कवि ने शर्मिंदगी की जिंदगी को छोड़ आगे बढ़ने का उत्साह दिया है।

व्याख्या-कवि कहता है कि हमें कठिन से कठिन परिस्थितियों में भी आगे बढ़ते रहना चाहिए। सैकड़ों सालों से हम रूढ़िवादी और फिसड्डी बने रहे हैं। हमने कभी भी आत्मनिर्भरता प्राप्त नहीं की। यह हमारे लिए बड़े शर्म की बात है। हमे सारे विश्व के साथ आगे बढ़ना चाहिए। अब हमें आलस्य को त्याग कर अपने अंदर एक उत्साह पैदा करना चाहिए। और उस उत्साह में हम बढ़ते चले जाएँ।

विशेष

• सरल भाषा का प्रयोग है।
• आम बोलचाल के शब्दों का उपयोग है।

2. भला यात्रा का महूरत भी है,
कहीं बैठे रहने की सूरत भी है,
निकलता चला जा रहा है समय,
महूरत न सोचो मचलते चलो।
लहरों में, लपटों में पलते चलो।

कभी तुम शेर थे, ठीक है,
उसी ख्याल में डूबना लीक है,
जमाना कहाँ से कहाँ जा चुका,
जरा भाग अपना बदलते चलो।
लहरों में, लपटों में पलते चलो।

शब्दार्थ- महूरत = शुभ-समय। बैठ रहने की सूरत = रुककर बैठे रह जाने की स्थिति या काम बंद कर देने की दशा। मचलते चलो = जिद करके अपनी धुन में बढ़े चलो। बड़े शेर = बहुत शक्तिशाली। ख्याल में डूबना = विचारों में खो जाना। लीक = परंपरा । भाग = भाग्य।

संदर्भ-पूर्ववत्।

प्रसंग-इसमें कवि ने कहा है कि इतिहास की सफलता पर ही खुश न होकर वर्तमान में भी आगे बढ़ना चाहिए।

व्याख्या-कवि के अनुसार समय कभी किसी के लिए रूकता नहीं है जो उसके साथ चलते है वहीं कामयाब रहते हैं। रूकने का कारण मत ढूंढों, बल्कि आगे बढ़ते चलो। किसी जमाने में हम सर्वश्रेष्ठ थे, किंतु उस बीती सफलता को सोच-सोच कर खुश नहीं होना चाहिए। जीवन वर्तमान संघर्ष पर विद्यमान रहता है। सारा संसार विकांस कर रहा है और हम दर्शक बने मात्र देख रहे हैं। अब हमें अपनी किस्मत बदलनी होगी और आगे बढ़ता चला जाऊँगा।

विशेष – वर्तमान सफलता पर जोर दिया गया है।

MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 3 Data Handling Ex 3.3

MP Board Class 7 Maths Solutions Chapter 3 Question 1.
Use the given bar graph to answer the following questions.
(a) Which is the most popular pet?
(b) How many students have dog as a pet?

Solution:
(a) Since, the bar representing number of students for cats is the tallest, so cat is the most popular pet.
(b) The number of students having dog as a pet is 8.

Class 7 Maths Chapter 3 Exercise 3.3 Solutions Question 2.
Read the given bar graph which shows the number of books sold by a bookstore during five consecutive years and answer the following questions:

(i) About how many books were sold in 1989? 1990? 1992?
(ii) In which year were about 475 books sold? About 225 books sold?
(iii) In which years were fewer than 250 books sold?
(iv) Can you explain how you would estimate the number of books sold in 1989?
Solution:
(i) In 1989, 175 books were sold. In 1990, 475 books were sold. In 1992, 225 books were sold.
(ii) From the graph, it can be concluded that in the year 1990 about 475 books were sold and in the year 1992 about 225 books were sold.
(iii) From the graph, it can be concluded that in the year 1989 and 1992, the number of books sold were less than 250.
(iv) From the graph, it can be concluded that the number of books sold in the year 1989 is about 1 and \(\frac{3}{4}\) th part of 1 cm.
We know that the scale is taken as 1 cm = 100 books.
∴ Number of books sold in 1989

Therefore, about 175 books were sold in the year 1989.

Class 7th Maths Chapter 3 Exercise 3.3 Question 2 Question 3.
Number of children in six different classes are given below. Represent the data on a bar graph.

(a) How would you choose a scale?
(b) Answer the following questions:
(i) Which class has the maximum number of children? And the minimum?
(ii) Find the ratio of students of class sixth to the students of class eighth.
Solution:

(a) We will choose a scale as 1 unit = 10 children because we can represent a more
clear difference between the number of students of class 7^th and that of class 9^th by this scale.
(b) (i) Since, the bar representing the number of children for class fifth is the tallest. So, there are maximum number of children in class fifth. Similarly, the bar representing the number of children for class tenth is the smallest. So, there are minimum number of children in class tenth.
(ii) The number of students in class sixth is 120 and the number of students in class eighth is 100. Therefore, the ratio of students of class sixth to the students 5.
of class eighth \(=\frac{120}{100}=\frac{6}{5}\) i.e., 6 : 5

Class 7th Maths Chapter 3 Exercise 3.3 Question 4 Question 4.
The performance of a student in 1^st Term and 2^nd Term is given. Draw a double bar graph choosing appropriate scale and answer the following:

(i) In which subject, has the child improved his performance the most?
(ii) In which subject is the improvement the least?
(iii) Has the performance gone down in any subject?
Solution:
A double bar graph for the given data is as follows.

(i) There was a maximum increase in the marks obtained in Maths. Therefore, the child has improved his performance the most in Maths.
(ii) From the graph, it can be concluded that the improvement was the least in
S. Science.
(iii) From the graph, it can be observed that the performance in Hindi has gone down.

Class 7 Maths Exercise 3.3 Question 5 Question 5.
Consider this data collected from a survey of a colony.

(i) Draw a double bar graph choosing an appropriate scale. What do you infer from the bar graph?
(ii) Which sport is most popular?
(iii) Which is more preferred, watching or participating in sports?
Solution:
(i) A double bar graph for the given data is as follows:

The double bar graph represents the number of people who like watching and participating in different sports.
(ii) From the bar graph, it can be observed that the bar representing the number of people who like watching and participating in cricket is the tallest among all the bars. Hence, cricket is the most popular sport.
(iii) The bars representing watching sport are longer than the bars representing participating in sport. Hence, watching different types of sports is more preferred than participating in the sports.

Class 7 Maths Chapter 3 Exercise 3.3 Solution Question 6.
Take the data giving the minimum and the maximum temperature of various cities given in the table. Plot a double bar graph using the data and answer the following:

(i) Which city has the largest difference in the minimum and maximum temperature on the given date?
(ii) Which is the hottest city and which is the coldest city?
(iii) Name two cities where maximum temperature of one was less than the minimum temperature of the other.
(iv) Name the city which has the least difference between its minimum and the maximum temperature.
Solution:
A double bar graph for the given data is constructed as follows.

(i) From the graph, it can be concluded that Jammu has the largest difference in its minimum and maximum temperature on 20.6.2006.
(ii) From the graph, it can be concluded that Jammu is the hottest city and Bangalore is the coldest city.
(iii) Bangalore and Jaipur, Bangalore and Ahmedabad.
For Bangalore, the maximum temperature was 28°C, while minimum temperature of both cities, Ahmedabad and Jaipur, was 29°C.
(iv) From the graph, it can be concluded that the city which has least difference between its minimum and maximum temperature is Mumbai.

MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions

MP Board Class 7th Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and its Effects

Electric Current and its Effects Intex Questions

Question 1.
Paheli and Boojho wonder whether the batteries used in tractors, trucks and inverters are also made from cells. Then why is it called a battery? Can you help them to find the answer to this question?
Answer:
The battery used in tractors, trucks and inverters is a combination of several cells. The cells are not dry cells. These are the several sets of plates and each set of plates acts like a cell.

Question 2.
Paheli and Boojho saw a magic trick sometime back. The magician placed an iron box on a stand. He then called Boojho and asked him to lift the box. Boojho could easily lift the box. Now the magician made a show of moving his stick around the box while muttering some thing. He again asked Boojho to lift the box. This time Boojho could not even move it. The magician again muttered some thing and now Boojho could lift the box? The audience, including Paheli and Boojho, were very impressed with the show and felt that the magician had some supernatural powers. However, after reading this chapter Paheli is wondering if the trick was indeed some magic or some science was involved? Can you guess what science might be involved?
Answer:
The magician arranged an electromagnet below the box. The electromagnet could be turned ‘ON’ and ‘OFF’ as when the magician signals his assistance. When the electromagnet is turned ‘ON’ it attracts the iron box and hence it could not be lifted.

Electric Current and its Effects Text Book Exercises

Question 1.
Draw in your notebook the symbols to represent the following components of electrical circuits: connecting wires, switch in the ‘OFF’ position, bulb, cell, switch in the ‘ON’ position, and battery?
Answer:

Question 2.
Draw the circuit diagram to represent the circuit shown in fig?

Answer:

Question 3.
Fig. shows four cells fixed on a board. Draw lines to indicate how you will connect their terminals with wires to make a battery of four cells?

Answer:

Question 4.
The bulb in the circuit shown in figure, does not glow. Can you identify the problem? Make necessary changes in the circuit to make the bulb glow?

Answer:
The problem with the circuit is that both the negative terminals are connected to the bulb. The corrected diagram is shown below:

Question 5.
Name any two effects of electric current?
Answer:
The two effects of electric current are heating effect and magnetic effect.

Question 6.
When the current is switched on through a wire, a compass needle kept nearby gets deflected from its north-south position. Explain?
Answer:
When electric current passes through a wire, it behaves like a magnet. This is the magnetic effect of the electric current due to attraction of the wire. So, the compass needle which is a magnet, gets deflected.

Question 7.
Will the compass needle show deflection when the switch in the circuit shown by fig is closed?

Answer:
No, because there is no cell so no current will flow.

Question 8.
Fill in the blanks:

1. Longer line in the symbol for a cell represents its ………………………… terminal.
2. The combination of two or more cells is called a …………………………..
3. When current is switched ‘on’ in a room heater, it ………………………..
4. The safety device based on the heating effect of electric current is called a ………………………

Answer:

1. Positive
2. Battery
3. Get heated
4. Fuse.

Question 9.
Mark T if the statement is true and F if it is false:

1. To make a battery of two cells, the negative terminal of one cell is connected to the negative terminal of the other cell.
2. When the electric current through the fuse exceeds a certain limit, the fuse wire melts and breaks.
3. An electromagnet does not attract a piece of iron.
4. An electric bell has an electromagnet.

Answer:

1. False
2. True
3. False
4. True

Question 10.
Do you think an electromagnet can be used for separating plastic bags from a garbage heap? Explain?
Answer:
No, the plastic bags do not get attracted by the magnet, so they cannot be separated by an electromagnet. The plastic bags are not magnetic materials, only magnetic materials like iron can be attracted by magnet.

Question 11.
An electrician is carrying out some repairs in your house. He wants to replace a fuse by a piece of wire. Would you agree? Give reasons for your response?
Answer:
No, because this piece of wire will not melt even if high current flows through it. So, it will not prevent the damage done by high current.

Question 12.
Zubeda made an electric circuit using a cell holder shown in figure a switch and a bulb. When she put the switch in the ‘ON’ position, the bulb did not glow. Help Zubeda in identifying the possible defects in the circuit?

Answer:
It is important to put the cells in right series. The positive terminal of the cell should be connected with negative terminal of the second cell. The switch should be closed properly and bulb should not be fused. If Zubeda will check these then the bulb will certainly glow. Also, in the circuit, there is no any bulb and switch, the connecting wires are not connected with bulb and switch.

Question 13.
In the circuit shown in Fig?
Answer:

1. Would any of the bulb glow when the switch is in the ‘OFF’ position?
2. What will be the order in which the bulbs A, B and C will glow when the switch is moved to the ‘ON’ position?

Answer:

1. No, bulb will glow.
2. The bulb A will glow first, follow by bulb B and then bulb C, because bulb A comes first in the path of electric current flowing from positive terminal towards the negative terminal of the battery.

Extended Learning – Activities and Projects

Question 1.
Set up the circuit shown in Fig. again. Move the key to ‘ON’ position and watch carefully in which direction the compass needle gets deflected. Switch ‘OFF’ the current. Now keeping rest of the circuit intact, reverse the connections at the terminal of the cell. Again switch ‘on’ the current. Note the direction in which the needle gets deflected. Think of an explanation?

Answer:
When the connection of cell is reversed, the compass needle moves in opposite direction. This shows that the polarity of the magnet depends on the direction of current.

Question 2.
Make four electro – magnets with 20, 40, 60 and 80 turns. Connect them one by one to a battery of 2 cells. Bring the electromagnet near a box of pins. Count the number of pins attracted by it. Compare the strengths of the electromagnets?
Answer:
The strength increases with number of turns in the coil.

Question 3.
Using an electromagnet, you can make a working model of a railway signal as shown in Fig?
Answer:
Do with the help of your subject teacher.

Question 4.
Visit an electric shop. Request a mechanic to show you the various types of fuses and MCB and to explain how they work?

Answer:
Go and visit the nearby shop with your friends.

Electric Current and its Effects Additional Important Questions

Objective Type Questions

Question 1.
Choose the correct alternative:

Question (a)
The electric circuit which is broken at some point is called?
(a) closed
(b) open
(c) short
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(b) open

Question (b)
The amount of heat produced in a wire depends on its?
(a) material
(b) length
(c) thickness
(d) all of these.
Answer:
(d) all of these.

Question (c)
The direction of flow of conventional current is taken as
(a) -ve to +ve
(b) +ve to -ve
(c) both of these
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(b) +ve to -ve

Question 2.
Fill in the blanks:

1. A continuous flow of electric charge is called ………………………….
2. In a dry cell energy is converted into ……………………… energy.
3. A combination of two or more cells is called a ………………………
4. The positive terminal of one cell is connected to the ……………………. terminal of the next cell.
5. When the switch of a circuit is in the OFF position, the circuit is ………………………..
6. In the bulb, thin wire is called …………………………….
7. Current flowing in our household appliances is ………………………….
8. A ………………………. is a safety device which prevents damages to electrical circuits and possible fires.
9. The switches which automatically turn off when current in a circuit exceeds the safe limit are called ……………………….

Answer:

1. Current
2. Chemical, electrical
3. Battery
4. Negative
5. Incomplete
6. Filament
7. A.C.
8. Fuse
9. MCB

Question 3.
Which of the following statements are true (T) or false(F):

1. Switch is used to regulate the current.
2. An electric cell has three terminals.
3. Two or more than two cells are interconnected to make a battery.
4. The coil of wire in a electric iron is called an element.
5. Never use just any wire or strip of metal in place of a fuse.
6. Heating effect of electric current is used in a heater.
7. An electric bell is an application of an electromagnet.
8. A cell or a battery are the sources of electric current in an electric circuit.

Answer:

1. True
2. False
3. True
4. True
5. True
6. True
7. True
8. True.

Electric Current and its Effects Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is meant by electric current?
Answer:
The flow of negative charges i.e., electrons is called electric current.

Question 2.
Name the various sources of electric current?
Answer:
Cells and storage batteries.

Question 3.
What do you mean by electrically neutral substances?
Answer:
Those substances which have an equal quantity of positive and negative charge.

Question 4.
What are the two kinds of electric charges?
Answer:
The two kinds of electric charges are positive and negative.

Question 5.
Which terminal of a cell is represented by longer line?
Answer:
Positive.

Question 6.
Where should be the key placed in a circuit?
Answer:
The key or switch can be placed anywhere in the circuit.

Question 7.
What is an open electric circuit?
Answer:
An electric circuit having the switch in off position is called open electric circuit.

Question 8.
What is a closed electric circuit?
Answer:
An electric circuit having the switch in on position is called a closed circuit or a complete circuit.

Question 9.
What is the significance of using symbols in an electric circuit?
Answer:
Using symbols is significant as if we have to show the various batteries, bulbs and switches as they actually look, it would be very cumber some and take a lot of time.

Question 10.
What is a filament?
Answer:
In the bulb there is a thin wire, called the filament, which glows when an electric current passes through it.

Question 11.
What is the full form of CFL?
Answer:
Compact Fluoroscent Lamp.

Question 12.
What is the full form of MCB?
Answer:
Miniature Circuit Breaker.

Question 13.
What are different hazards of electricity?
Answer:

1. ‘Electric shock’
2. Tire due to short circuiting’.

Question 14.
List the appliances around you that depend on electricity for their operation. List the appliances that do not use electrical energy?
Answer:
Appliances that depend on electricity : Electric iron, Television, Geysers, Kitchen blender. Appliances that do not use electricity: Solar cells, Sewing Machine, Vehicles.

Question 15.
What energy is converted to electrical energy in a cell?
Answer:
Chemical energy is converted to electrical energy.

Question 16.
Name the three components of the cable used in a house circuit?
Answer:
The cable used in a house circuit has three cores of different colours. The red wire is the live wire. The black is the neutral wire and the green is the earth wire.

Question 17.
What kind of energy transformation takes place in an electric heater?
Answer:
In electric heater, electric energy is converted into heat energy.

Question 18.
Why is alternating current of same voltage more dangerous than direct current?
Answer:
The alternating current of same voltage is more dangerous than direct current because the direction and magnitude of AC changes alternatively and it may produce electric shock.

Question 19.
What happens when fuse melts away?
Answer:
When fuse melts away, the circuit is broken and the flow of current stops.

Question 20.
What is the main purpose of earthing an electrical appliance?
Answer:
To prevent electric shock.

Question 21.
Why is mica used in elements of an Electric iron?
Answer:
Mica is a insulator.

Question 22.
List the appliances in your house that do not have ground wires?
Answer:
Electric grinder, electric heater, electric oven, electric toaster.

Question 23.
Who discovered magnetic effect of electric current?
Answer:
Hans Christian Oersted.

Question 24.
What are the various effects shown by electricity?
Answer:

1. Heating Effect
2. Chemical Effect
3. Magnetic Effect.

Question 25.
What is electrolysis?
Answer:
The phenomenon of breaking up of a chemical compound under the action of electric current is called electrolysis.

Question 26.
What causes heating effect in electric appliances?
Answer:
Heating effect is produced by heating element i.e., mainly ‘Nichrome’ which is an alloy of nickel and chromium.

Question 27.
Why is ‘Nichrome’ most commonly used as heating element?
Answer:
Since ‘Nichrome’ has a very high melting point, it does not melt with the flow of current.

Question 28.
Name few processes which are based on chemical effect of electricity?
Answer:
Electroplating, Refining of metals and electrolysis of water.

Question 29.
What is meant by magnetic effect of current?
Answer:
A current carrying wire behaves like a magnet.

Electric Current and its Effects Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Can electrically neutral substances be made to acquire charge?
Answer:
Yes, the delicate balance between the charges can be disturbed. Thus electrically neutral substances can be made to acquire charge. For example, if we rub a glass rod with silk we brush off some negative charges from the rod. The rod now acquires a net positive charge because it has more positive charges than negative.

Question 2.
What happens when a charged electroscope is connected into a uncharged electroscope by a wire? What is that called?
Answer:
When a charged electroscope is joined to a uncharged electroscope by a wire, charges flow from the charged to the uncharged electroscope through the wire till they are equalised. This flow of charges form an Electric Current.

Question 3.
What are the differences between a simple cell and a storage cell?
Answer:
A simple cell:

1. Once the chemicals are used up the cell stope supplying current.
2. A small amount of current can be drawn.

A storage cell:

1. The used up chemicals can be restored to their original state by reversing the reaction.
2. A large current can be drawn.

Question 4.
What should be the characteristics of an ideal heating element and that of an ideal safety fuse?
Answer:

1. Firstly the heating element should have a very high melting point.
2. Secondly, it should be a conductor.
3. Thirdly it should have high resistance.
4. The ideal safety fuse should be firstly it should have low melting point.
5. Secondly, it should be a conductor.
6. Thirdly, it have low resistance.

Question 5.
Make a list of materials around you which conduct electricity and a list of those that do not.
Answer:
Conductors of electricity are:
All metals, acid, base and salt solutions, aluminium, iron, copper, nickel. Do not conduct electricity are: Paper, rubber, wood, nylon, polythene, bakelite.

Question 6.
What is the significance of the earth wire?
Answer:
The metallic body of an electric appliance is connected to the earth through this earth wire. Sometimes due to faulty wire, the insulation breaks and the live w;re comes into contact with the body of appliance. If the appliance is earthed the charge will quickly flow to the earth, thus protecting us from electric shock.

Question 7.
How does fuse act as a safety device?
Answer:
A fuse is a porcelain holder having a short and thin piece of wire in it called fuse wire which easily melts on heating. Sometimes the insulation of a wire is broken i.e., live wire touches the neutral wire there is a short circuit. When there is a short circuit the fuse wire melts due to heating produced by the high current. The circuit is then broken and the current stops flowing. So damages are prevented.

Question 8.
On which effect of current does the fuse wire in electric circuits depend? Write two characteristics of a good quality fuse wire?
Answer:
Whenever a current passes through a material, a part or whole of its energy is converted into heat. The part which heats up is called heating elements. An alloy of nickel and chromium called Nichrome is one of the most heating elements.
Two characteristics of a good quality fuse wire are as follows:

1. It should have low melting point.
2. Is should have high specific resistance.

Question 9.
Write four safety measures to be taken while working with live electric lines?
Answer:

1. Do not touch the switch in the main switch board.
2. Do not cut the cable of an appliance with a pair of scissors when the appliance is switched on.
3. Do not touch any electric poles in the street, especially during the rainy season.
4. Do not touch any appliance (when it is switched on) with naked hands. Use rubber gloves..

Question 10.
Draw a battery of four cells?

Question 11.
How does electromagnetic induction find its use or application in generating electricity?
Answer:
The act of moving a magnet quickly in or cut of a coil of wire, can cause a current to flow in the wire. This phenomenon is called electromagnetic induction. This finds its application in generators where the coil is connected to a turbine. That rotates by the energy of falling water and moves the coil and causes current to flow, generators used in power stations have coil kept stationary and the magnet itself is rotated.

Question 12.
What forms the basic principle in electromagnets?
Answer:
Producing electromagnets is based on the principle that when current is passed through a coil it behaves like a magnet i.e., achieves north and south pole. Also if we reverse the direction of current in the coil the two poles exchange places. In electromagnets we insert a piece of iron in such a coil, its domain will get aligned in a direction normal to the face of the coil and the piece of iron gets strongly magnatised and act as electromagnets.

Electric Current and its Effects Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Find the various ways in which two batteries and two bulbs can be connected in a working circuit?
Answer:
Two batteries and two bulbs can be connected in working circuit in two ways:
1. In series as shown in figure.

2. In parallel as shown in figure.

Question 2.
Give the symbols used for: open key; closed key, dry cell, a wire point, a battery and a bulb?
Answer:
The symbols are:

Question 3.
How can conductivity of a substance be tested?
Answer:
We can perform an experiment to test whether the given material conducts electricity or not. Make a circuit with wire, battery, bulb and connect them. If the bulb lights up, we can be sure that current is flowing in the circuit. Break the circuit. Now Fi8- TestinS whether a maternal close the circuit by inserting conducts electricity. different materials in between as (A) Match Stick (B) Pencil (C) Water (D) Eraser (E) Paper cup. Now see whether the bulb lights up. If it lights up, the material used for insertion in a conductor and if the bulb does not light up, the material is an insulator.

Question 4.
Define Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB) with diagram?
Answer:
These day Miniature Circuit Breakers (MCBs) are increasingly being used in place of fuses. These are switches which automatically turn off when current in a circuit exceeds the safe limit. You turn them join and the circuit is once again complete. Look for ISI mark on MCBs also.

Question 5.
Define the working of an electric bell with circuit?
Answer:
We are quite familiar with an electric bell. It has an electromagnet in it. Fig. shows the circuit of an electric bell. It consists of a coil of wire wound on an iron piece. The coil acts as an electromagnet. An iron strip with a hammer at one end is kept close to the electromagnet.

There is a contact screw near the iron strip. When the iron strip is in contact with the screw, the current flows through the coil which becomes an electromagnet. It, then, pulls the iron strip. In the process, the hammer at the end of the strip strikes the gong of the bell to produce a sound. However, when the electromagnet pulls the iron strip, it also breaks the circuit. The current through the coil stops flowing.

The coil is no longer an electromagnet. It no longer attracts the iron strip. The iron strip comes back to its original position and touches the contact screw again. This completes the circuit. The current flows in the coil and the hammer strikes the gong again. This process is repeated in quick succession. The hammer strikes the gong every time the circuit is completed. This is how the bell rings.

MP Board Class 7th Science Solutions

MP Board Class 7th General English Solutions Annual Evaluation

Question 1.
Match the column A with B :
(कॉलम A का मिलान कॉलम B से कीजिए।)

Answer:

1. → (d)
2. → (b)
3. → (a)
4. 4. → (c)

Question 2.
Do as directed : (निर्देशानुसार करो)

(a) Combine the following sentences using ‘who’:
(Who का प्रयोग कर निम्न वाक्यों को जोड़िए)

(i) The girl is wearing lahnga chunari.
The girl is Sarita.
Answer:
The girl who is wearing lahnga chunari is Sarita.

(ii) Seema studies in class VII.
Seema is the most intelligent student of the class.
Answer:
Seema who studies in class VII is the most intelligent student of the class.

(b) Use appropriate prepositions in the following sentences :
(निम्न वाक्यों में उपयुक्त Preposition का प्रयोग करें)

(i) She was waiting ……….. her husband.
(ii) She always agrees …………. my decisions.
Answer:
(i) for
(ii) to.

(a) Combine the sentences given below using ‘prettier’:
(निम्न वाक्यों को ‘Prettier’ का प्रयोग कर जोड़िए।)
(i) Shobha is pretty.
(ii) Her sister is prettier.
Answer:
Shobha’s sister is prettier than her.

(d) Fill in the blank spaces with the correct forms of the verbs :
(क्रिया के सही रूपों से खाली स्थानों को भरिए।)

(i) Two boys were ……….. (play) in the ground.
(ii) They were ………. (enjoy) their free time.
Answer:
(i) playing
(ii) enjoying.

(e) Rewrite the following conversation in indirect form of narration :
(निम्न वार्तालाप को (indirect) रूप में पुनः लिखिए)

Bala : “Vinita, where did you go yesterday ?”
Answer:
Bala asked Vinita where she had gone the day before.

Vinita : “I went to the market.”
Answer:
Vinita replied that she had gone to the market.

(f) Punctuate the following lines :
(निम्न पंक्तियों में विराम चिन्ह लगाइए।)
Answer:
That’s true, it’ll be difficult to trace anyone who gets lost. Can we eat something before we go for the rides?

(g) Make words by adding ‘ly’.
(ly’ जोड़कर शब्द बनाइए)
Bad, brave, intelligent, quick.
Answer:
Badly, bravely, intelligently, quickly.

(h) Give the opposites of:
(विपरीत शब्द लीखिए)
wild, sharp
Answer:
Domestic, blunt.

Question 3.
(A) Answer the following questions (any five) :
(निम्न प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिए) (कोई पॉंच)

(a) Why did the horse trainer and his wife decide to sell the horse ?
Answer:
The horse trainer and bis wife decided to sell the horse because it ate a lot of fodder and it was expensive to feed it.

(b) Why did the merchants think that the old man had seen the camel ?
Answer:
The merchants thought that the old man had seen the camel because he gave the real information to the merchants about their camel.

(c) What happened when Deepak and Bhola were walking through the forest ?
Ans.
When Deepak and Bhola were walking through the forest, a bear attacked them.

(d) What happened to the bus in the story One Way Ticket?
Answer:
Something wrong happened with the engine of the bus.

(e) Why were the students of class VII happy?
Answer:
The students of class VII were happy and excited to discuss their visit to Orchha.

(f) Why is the story called ‘One way Ticket’?
Answer:
All the five friends collected their money they had and then only they were able to buy a one way ticket for the return journey.

Question 4.
Answer the following questions (any three) :
(निम्न प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिए) (कोई पाँच)

(a) Why will the pussy like the child ?
Answer:
Pussy will like the child because she is gentle and good.

(b) Why are the clouds prettier than boats and ships?
Answer:
Because they sail across the sky and are natural.

(c) How are the days in the south during January?
Answer:
The days in the south during January are very fine.

(d) What according to the poet, is not good for the environment ?
Answer:
Burning the wood a lot, is not good for environment. The air gets polluted from smoke caused by burning the wood.

Question 5.
Write an application to the Principal of your school to take you on a picnic.
(अपने विद्यालय के प्रधानाचार्य को पिकनिक पर ले जाने हेतु एक प्रार्थना-पत्र लिखिए।)
Answer:
See ‘Applications’ in the Grammar section.
Or (या)
Write a letter to your friend telling him about your visit to Kanha.
(कान्हा भ्रमण के बारे में अपने मित्र को एक पत्र लिखिए।)
Answer:
Arera Colony,
Bhopal-462016
25 December,

2005.
Dear Ashish,
Hope you are fine. I am also fine here. Today, I wish to tell you about my visit to Kanha National Park. My five friends and I visited it last Sunday. It was a great fun. We saw a variety of animals there like deer, elephants, lions etc. We gave nuts to monkeys and bananas to elephants. We also took photographs of many rare species of animals there. We had our lunch together in the park and played some outdoor games also. It was a memorable journey. We came back home by 7’o clock in evening. I missed you a lot there, we will go there again whenever you come here.
Yours Affectionatly
Raj

Question 6.
Write ten lines on any one of the following:
(निम्न में किसी एक पर 10 पंक्त्यां लीखिए)

(i) Maharani Laxmi Bai.
Answer:
Maharani Laxmi Bai was the queen of Jhansi. She was brave, courageous and bold from her early childhood. She was skilled in horse riding, shooting, wrestling and all the martial arts and continued to practise them even after her marriage with Gangadhar Rao, the king of Jhansi.

When Britishers declared to merge Jhansi with British empire, after her husband’s death, she opposed it and bravely fought against them not thinking that she was a woman. She was a great patriot. She tied her son to her back and led her army against the British. She fought courageously till her last breath and did not let any Britisher touch her living or dead.

(ii) A visit to Orchha.

(iii) A Market Place.
Answer:
Yesterday, I went to the market. There was hustle and bustle of vehicles. There were different shops of different articles like sweet shops eateries, fancy goods and clothes shops. Shopkeepers were bargaining with customers. Shops were decorated with colourful lighting. Children were swinging on the swings.

Question 7.
Read the passage and answer the questions given at the end of it :
(निम्न गद्यांश को पढ़िए और इसके अन्त में दिए गए प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिए।)

(A) (i) Why did the farmer always sing while he worked ?
Answer:
Because his work was his delight and his music of life.

(ii) Who said to whom ?
(a) Tell me, my man, how are you so happy always ?
Answer:
Zamindar to the farmer.

(b) If you too work hard like me, you will also enjoy the bliss of sound sleep.
Answer:
The farmer to the Zamindar.

(iii) The greatest trouble of Zamindar was that he couldn’t sleep.
(iv) The title of the passage is Hard work-the music of life.
(v) What gives a man a normal sleep?
Answer:
Hard Work.

(B) Match the two columns :
(दो कालमों का मिलान किजिए)

Answer:

1. → (d)
2. → (a)
3. → (b)
4. → (e)
5. → (c)

MP Board Class 7th English Solutions

MP Board Class 7th Science Solutions Chapter 3 Fibre to Fabric

Fibre to Fabric Intext Questions

Question 1.
Boojho is wondering why it hurts when someone pulls his hair but not when he goes for a haircut?
Answer:
When someone pulls his hair, it hurts because it’s roots is connected to the skin which has sensation. But, during haircut the tip of the hair is cut which is dead and does not have any sensation. Thus, hair cut does not hurt.

Question 2.
Boojho is wondering why a cotton garment cannot keep us as warm in winter as a woollen sweater does?
Answer:
Cotton cloths are thin and does not trap air. Wool is thicker than cotton and have spaces in which air traps. Air is a poor conductor of heat and so it prevent heat coming out of our body. Thus, wool gives better protection than cotton.

Question 3.
Paheli wants to know if the cotton thread and silk thread are spun and woven in the same manner?
Answer:
No.

Fibre to Fabric Text book Exercises

Question 1.
You must be familiar with the following nursery rhymes?

1. ‘Baa baa black sheep, have you any wool.’
2. ‘Mary had little lamb, whose fleece was white as snow.’

Answer the following:

1. Which parts of the black sheep have wool?
2. What is meant by the white, fleece of the lamb?

Answer:

1. Basically the abdomen and back of the sheep have wool.
2. The white fleece refers to the white hair of lamb that is used to make wool.

Question 2.
The silkworm is (a) a caterpillar, (b) a larva. Choose the correct option.
(i) (a)
(ii) (b)
(iii) both (a) and (b)
(iv) neither (a) nor (b).
Answer:
(iii) both (a) and (b).

Question 3.
Which of the following does not yield wool?
(i) Yak
(ii) Camel
(iii) Goat
(iv) Woolly dog.
Answer:
(iv) Woolly dog.

Question 4.
What is meant by the following terms?

1. Rearing
2. Shearing
3. Sericulture

Answer:
1. Rearing:
The bringing up and looking after the sheep is called rearing.

2. Shearing:
The fleece of the sheep along with a thin layer of skin is removed from its body. This process is called shearing.

3. Sericulture:
The rearing of silkworms for obtaining silk is called sericulture.

Question 5.
Given below is a sequence of steps in the processing of wool. Which are the missing steps? Add them.
Shearing, …………… sorting, ………….., ………….
Answer:
Scouring, drying, dying, spinning, weaving.

Question 6.
Make sketches of the two stages in the life history of the silk moth which are directly related to the production of silk?
Answer:

Question 7.
Out of the following, which are the two terms related to silk production? Sericulture, floriculture, moriculture, apiculture and silviculture.
Hint:

1. Silk production involves cultivation of mulberry leaves and rearing silkworms.
2. Scientific name of mulberry is Morus alba.

Answer:

1. Sericulture
2. Moriculture.

Question 8.
Match the words of Column I with those given in Column II:

Answer:

(i) (e)
(ii) (c)
(iii) (b)
(iv) (a)

Question 9.
Given below is a crossword puzzle based on this lesson. Use hints to fill in the blank spaces with letters that complete the words?

Answer:

Extended Learning – Activities and Projects:

Question 1.
Paheli wants to know the maximum length of continuous silk thread that can be obtained from a cocoon. Find out for her?
Answer:
980 m.

Question 2.
Boojho wants to know why caterpillars need to shed their skin when they grow bigger but we humans do not. Do you have any idea?
Answer:
During its growing stage, the caterpillar eats own shed skin. It has no other food option.

Question 3.
Boojho wants to know why caterpillars should not be collected with bare hands. Can you help him?
Answer:
Because caterpillar’s skin can cause alergy.

Question 4.
Paheli wanted to buy a silk frock and went to the market with her mother. There they found that the artificial (synthetic) silk was much cheaper and wanted to know why. Do you know why? Find out.
Answer:
The cost of production for artificial silk is very low. The raw materials used for artificial silk are available at very low cost and are available in huge quantity. Also, the production time is very less. Thus artificial silk is cheaper.

Question 5.
Someone told Paheli that an animal called ‘Vicuna’ also gives wool. Can you tell her where this animal is found? Look for this in a dictionary or an encyclopaedia?
Answer:
Vicuna is found in Spain.

Question 6.
When handloom and textile exhibitions are held, certain stalls display real moths of various varieties of silk and their life Stories. Try and visit these stalls with elders or teachers and these moths and stages of their life history.
Answer:
Do yourself.

Question 7.
Look for eggs of any moth or butterfly in your garden or park or any other place full of plants. They look like tiny specks (dots) laid in a cluster on the leaves. Pull out the leaves containing eggs and place them in a cardboard box. Take some leaves of the same plant or another plant of the same variety, chop them and put them in the box.

Eggs will hatch into caterpillars, which are busy eating day and night. Add leaves everyday for them to feed upon. Sometimes you may be able to collect the caterpillars. But be careful. Use a paper napkin or a paper to hold a caterpillar. Observe everyday. Note the:

1. Number of days taken for eggs to hatch.
2. Number of days taken to reach cocoon stage and
3. To complete life cycle. Record your observations in your notebook.

Answer:
Do yourself.

Fibre to Fabric Additional Important Questions

Objective Type Questions

Question 1.
Choose the correct alternative:

Question (i)
Silk is a –
(a) Rough fibre
(b) Way fibre
(c) Staple fi bre
(d) Filament fibre.
Answer:
(d) Filament fibre.

Question (ii)
Which country is the largest producer of silk –
(a) India
(b) Pakistan
(c) China
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(c) China

Question (iii)
Which country is the largest producer of wool –
(a) India
(b) Australia
(c) Pakistan
(d) China.
Answer:
(b) Australia

Question (iv)
Mooga is the strongest variety of –
(a) Silk
(b) Wool
(c) Cotton
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(a) Silk

Question (v)
An International trade mark for new and pure wool is –
(a) ISI
(b) ISO
(c) Woolmark
(d) Agmark.
Answer:
(c) Woolmark

Question (vi)
Virgin wool is obtained from –
(a) Adult sheep
(b) Dead sleep
(c) Lamb
(d) Carnal.
Answer:
(a) Adult sheep

Question 2.
Fill in the blanks:

1. Silk is a natural ………….. fibre.
2. Silk fibres come from …………….. of the silk moth.
3. The fine hair provide the fibres for making ……………
4. Yak wool is common in Tibet and ………….
5. Angora wool is obtained from …………. goats.
6. Sheep are herbivores and prefer grass and …………….
7. Sericulture of silk worms is a very old …………….. in India.
8. …………… leads the world in silk production.
9. ……………… is a dried perspiration found is the raw wool.
10. The science of raising silk worms so as to obtain silk cocoons is …………..

Answer:

1. Protein
2. Cocoons
3. Wool
4. Ladakh
5. Angora
6. Leaves
7. Occupation
8. China
9. Suint
10. Sericulture

Question 3.
Which of the following statements are true (T) or false (F):

1. Silk worm feeds an mulberry leaves.
2. A yarn is not a long continuous thread.
3. The wool and cotton are staple fibres.
4. Silk is a good conductor of heat.
5. The high grade silk is obtained from the filaments of damaged cocoons.
6. A female silk moth lays 100 of eggs at a time.
7. Sheeps are reared is many parts of our country for wool.
8. Lohi and Nali are the breeds of sheep.
9. Nowadays scouring is done by machines.
10. Sheep hair is sheared off from the body, scoured, sorted, dried, dyed, spun and woven to yield wool.

Answer:

1. True (T)
2. False (F)
3. True (T)
4. False (F)
5. False (F)
6. True (T)
7. True (T)
8. True (T)
9. True (T)
10. True (T)

Question 4.
Match the items in Column A with Column B:

Answer:

(i) (b)
(ii) (d)
(iii) (f)
(iv) (e)
(v) (c)
(vi) (a)

Fibre to Fabric Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Write the name of some wool yielding animals.
Answer:
Sheep, goat, angora goat, camel, yak, lamb, etc.

Question 2.
Feel the hair on your body and arms and these on your head. Do you find any difference? Which are seems coarse and which are is soft?
Answer:
Yes, hairs in arms are soft.

Question 3.
In which area a yak found in plenty?
Answer:
Tibet and Ladakh.

Question 4.
What are the sources of obtaining fibres?
Answer:
Animals and plants are the sources of obtaining fibres.

Question 5.
What do you meant by shearing?
Answer:
The fleece of the sheep along with a thin layer of skin is removed from its body. This process is known as shearing.

Question 6.
Which animal provides pashmina shawls?
Answer:
Kashmiri goats.

Question 7.
Define wool?
Answer:
Wool is the common name of applied to soft curly fibres obtained chiefly from the fleece of domesticated sheep.

Question 8.
In which season, sleep sheared?
Answer:
Summer season.

Question 9.
What are the uses of wool?
Answer:
Wool is used for making fabrics, blankets, shawls, carpets, felt and upholstery.

Question 10.
What are the properties of wool fibre?
Answer:
Wool fibre is considerably resilient, has high tensile strength, light weight and is heat insulator.

Question 11.
What are silkworms?
Answer:
The female silk moth lays eggs from which hatch larvae are called silkworms of caterpillars.

Question 12.
What is the most common silk moth?
Answer:
Mulberry silk moth.

Question 13.
Name the strongest variety of silk.
Answer:
Mooga.

Question 14.
Name the different varieties of processed silk.
Answer:
Gepe, Tram, Organize, Trown singles are different varieties of processed silk.

Question 15.
What is reeling of silk?
Answer:
A pile of cocoons is used for obtaining silk fibres. This process is called reeling the silk.

Question 16.
Name some Indian breeds of sheep?
Answer:
Lohi, Rampur bushair, Nali, Bakharwal, Marwari and Patanwadi.

Question 17.
Where are sheep reared in India?
Answer:
Sub – Himalyan region because this area has a cooler climate.

Question 18.
Name one disease caused to sheep.
Answer:
Anthrax.

Fibre to Fabric Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Name the animals that yield wool?
Answer:
The fleece of sheep is not the only source of wool, though wool commonly available in the market is sheep wool. Yak wool is common in Tibet and Ladakh. Angora wool is obtained from angora goats, found in hilly regions such as Jammu and Kashmir. Wool is also obtained from goat hair. The under fur of Kashmiri goat is soft. The fur (hair) on the body of camels is also used as wool. Uama and Alpaca, found in South Africa, also yield wool.

Question 2.
What is raw silk?
Answer:
After brushing, filaments from four to eight cocoons are joined and twisted. They are then combined with a number of other similarly twisted filaments, to make a thread that is wound on a reel. The thread is called raw silk.

Question 3.
How is shearing of .wool done? Describe.
Answer:
The fleece of the sheep along with a thin layers of skin is removed from its body .This process is called shearing. Machines similar to those used by barbers are used to shave off hair. Usually, hair are removed during the hot weather. This enables sheep to survive without their protective coat of hair. The hair provide woolen fibers. Woolen fibres are then processed to obtain woollen yarn. Shearing does not hurt the sheep just as it does not hurt when you get a hair cut or your father shaves his beard.

Question 4.
Name the some breeds of sheep reared in our country. Also indicate the quality and texture of the fibre, obtained from them?
Answer:
Some Indian breeds of sheep are given in following table:

Question 5.
Why do the wool fibres have greater bulk as compared to other fibres?
Answer:
The scales and crimps is the wool fibre make it possible to spin and felt the fleece. They help the individual wool fibres grab each other so that they stay together. Because of the crimp, wool fabrics have a greater bulk than other textiles. They can retain lot of air and hence wool fabrics are good insulators of heat. The heat insulation also works both ways.

Question 6.
How is silk processed?
Answer:
A pile of cocoons is used for obtaining silk fibres. This process is called reeling of silk. The cocoons are kept under the sun or boiled or exposed to steam. The silk fibres separate out. The process of taking out threads from the cocoon for use as silk is called reeling the silk. Reeling is done in special machines, which unwind the threads or fibres of silk from the cocoon. Silk fibres are then spun into silk threads, which are woven into silk cloth by weavers.

Question 7.
Write a short note on'”discovery of silk”?
Answer:
The exact time of discovery of silk is perhaps unknown. According to an old Chinese legend, the empress Si – lung – Chi was asked by the emperor Huang – ti to find the cause of the damaged leaves of mulberry trees growing their garden. The empress found white worms eating up mulberry leaves. She also noticed that they were spinning shiny cocoons around them. Accidentally a cocoon dropped into her cup of tea and a tangle of delicate threads separated from the cocoon.

Silk industry began in China and was kept a closely guarded secret for hundreds of years. Latter on, traders and travellers introduced silk to other countries. The route they travelled is still called the ‘silk route’.

Fibre to Fabric Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
How wool is produced from fibres?
Ans. For obtaining wool. Sheep are reared. Their hair is cut and processed into wool. Sheep are herbivores and prefer, grass and leaves. Apart from grazing sheep, rearers also feed them on a mixture of pulses, corn, jowar, oil cakes (material left after taking out oil from seeds) and minerals. In winter, sheep are kept indoors and fed on leaves, grain and dry fodder.

Sheep are reared in many parts of our country for wool. The quality and texture of the fibres obtained from different sheeps are different. Once the teared sheep have developed a thick growth of hair, hair is shaved off for getting wool.

Question 2.
Define with diagram the process of scouring?
Answer:

Question 3.
Define the process of sorting and rolling of fibres into wool?
Answer:
After scouring sorting is done. The hairy skin is sent to a factory where hair of different textures are separated or sorted. The small fluffy fibres, called burrs, are picked out from the hair. These are the same burrs which sometimes appear on your sweaters. The fibres are scoured again and dried. This is the wool ready to be drawn into fibres.

The fibres can be dyed in various colours, as the natural fleece of sheep and goats is black, brown or white. The fibres are straightened, combed and rolled into yarn (Fig.). The longer fibres are made into wool for sweaters and the shorter fibres are spun and woven into woollen cloth.

Question 4.
How we can obtain silk from cocoon? Explain.
Answer:
For obtaining silk, moths are reared and their cocoons are collected to get silk threads. A female silk moth lays hundreds of eggs at a time. The eggs are stored carefully on strips of cloth or paper and sold to silk worm farmers. The farmers keep eggs under hygienic conditions and under suitable conditions of temperature and humidity.

The eggs are warmed to a suitable temperature for the larvae to hatch from eggs. This is done when mulberry trees bear a fresh crop of leaves. The larvae, called caterpillars or silkworms, eat day and night and increase in size enormously.

The worms are kept in clean bamboo trays along with freshly chopped mulberry leaves. After 25 to 30 days, the caterpillars stop eating and move to a tiny chamber of bamboo in the tray to spin cocoons. Small racks or twigs may be provided in the trays to which cocoons get attached. The caterpillar or silkworm spins the cocoon inside which develops the silk moth.

MP Board Class 7th Science Solutions

MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 4 Simple Equations Ex 4.1

Class 7th Maths Chapter 4 Exercise 4.1 Question 1.
Complete the last column of the table.

Solution:
(i) x + 3 = 0
By putting x = 3
L.H.S. = 3 + 3 = 6 ≠ R.H.S.
Hence, the equation is not satisfied.

(ii) x + 3 = 0
By putting x = 0
L.H.S. = 0 + 3 = 3 ≠ R.H.S.
Hence, the equation is not satisfied.

(iii) x + 3 = 0
By putting x = – 3
L.H.S. = -3 + 3 = 0 = R.H.S.
Hence, the equation is satisfied.

(iv) x – 7 = 1
By putting x = 7
L.H.S. = 7 – 7 = 0 ≠ R.H.S.
Hence, the equation is not satisfied.

(v) x – 7 = 1
By putting x = 8 L.H.S. = 8 – 7 = 1 = R.H.S.
Hence, the equation is satisfied.

(vi) 5x = 25
By putting x = 0
L.H.S. = 5 × 0 = 0 ≠ R.H.S.
Hence, the equation is not satisfied.

(vii) 5x = 25
By putting x = 5
L.H.S. = 5 × 5 = 25 = R.H.S.
Hence, the equation is satisfied,

(viii) 5x = 25 .
By putting x = – 5
L.H.S. = 5 × (- 5) = – 25 ≠ R.H.S.
Hence, the equation is not satisfied.

(ix) \(\frac{m}{3}\) = 2
By putting m = – 6
L.H.S. = \(\frac{-6}{3}\) = -2 ≠ R.H.S.
Hence, the equation is not satisfied.

(x) \(\frac{m}{3}\) = 2
By putting m = 0
L.H.S. = \(\frac{0}{3}\) = 0 ≠ R.H.S.
Hence, the equation is not satisfied.

(xi) \(\frac{m}{3}\) = 3
By putting m = 6
L.H.S. = \(\frac{6}{3}\) = 2 = R.H.S
Hence, the equation is satisfied.

Class 7 Maths Chapter 4 Simple Equations Exercise 4.1 Question 2.
Check whether the value given in the brackets is a solution to the given equation or not:
(a) n + 5 = 19(n = 1)
(b) 7n + 5 = 19(n = -2)
(c) 7n + 5 = 19(n = 2)
(d) 4p – 3 = 13(p = 1)
(e) 4p – 3 = 13(p = -4)
(f) 4p – 3 = 13 (p = 0)
Solution:
(a) n + 5 = 19 (n = 1)
Putting n = 1
L.H.S. = n + 5 = 1 + 5 = 6 ≠ 19 = R.H.S.
As L.H.S. ≠ R.H.S.
Therefore, n = 1 is not a solution of the given equation, n + 5 = 19.

(b) 7n + 5 = 19 (n =- 2)
Putting n = – 2
L.H.S. = 7n + 5 = 7 × (-2) + 5 = -14 + 5
= -9 ≠ 19 = R.H.S.
As L.H.S. ≠ R.H.S.
Therefore, n = -2 is not a solution of the given equation, 7n + 5 = 19.

(c) 7n + 5 = 19 (n = 2)
Putting n = 2
L.HS. = 7n + 5 = 7 × (2) + 5 = 14 + 5 = 19 = R.HS.
As L.H.S. = R.H.S.
Therefore, n = 2 is a solution of the given equation, 7n + 5 = 19.

(d) 4p – 3 = 13(p = 1)
Putting p = 1
L.H.S. = 4p – 3 = (4 × 1) – 3
= 1 × 13 = R.H.S.
As L.H.S. × R.H.S.
Therefore, p = 1 is not a solution of the given equation, 4p – 3 = 13.

(e) 4p – 3 = 13 (p = – 4)
Putting p = – 4
L.H.S. = 4p – 3 = 4 × (- 4) – 3 = -16 – 3
= -19 ≠ 13 = R.H.S.
As L.H.S. ≠ R.H.S.
Therefore, p = – 4 is not a solution of the given equation, 4p – 3 = 13.

(f) 4p – 3 = 13 (p = 0)
Putting p = 0
L.HS. = 4p – 3 = (4 × 0) – 3 = -3 ≠ 13 = RH.S.
As L.H.S. ≠ R.H.S.
Therefore, p = 0 is not a solution of the given equation, 4p – 3 = 13.

7th Maths Term 1 Exercise 4.1 Question 3.
Solve the following equations by trial and error method:
(i) 5p + 2 = 17
(ii) 3m -14 = 4
Solution:
(i) 5p + 2 = 17 Putting p = 1
L.H.S. = (5 × 1)+ 2 = 7 ≠ R.H.S.
Putting p = 2
L.H.S. = (5 × 2) + 2 = 10 + 2 = 12 ≠ R.H.S.
Putting p = 3
L.H.S. = (5 × 3) + 2 = 17 = R.H.S.
Hence, p = 3 is a solution of the given equation.

(ii) 3m – 14 = 4
Putting m = 4,
L.H.S. = (3 × 4) – 14 = -2 ≠ R.H.S.
Putting m = 5,
L.H.S. = (3 × 5) – 14 = 1 ≠ R.H.S.
Putting m = 6,
L.H.S. = (3 × 6) – 14 = 18 -14 = 4 = R.H.S.
Hence, m = 6 is a solution of the given equation.

7th Maths Chapter 4 Exercise 4.1 Question 4.
Write equations for the following statements:
(i) The sum of numbers x and 4 is 9.
(ii) 2 subtracted from y is 8.
(iii) Ten times a is 70.
(iv) The number b divided by 5 gives 6.
(v) Three-fourth of f is 15.
(vi) Seven times m plus 7 gives 77.
(vii) One-fourth of a number x minus 4 gives 4.
(viii) If you take away 6 from 6 times y, you get 60.
(ix) If you add 3 to one-third of z, you get 30.
Solution:
(i) x + 4 = 9
(ii) y – 2 = 8
(iii) 10a = 70
(iv) \(\frac{b}{5}\) = 6
(v) \(\frac{3}{4} t\) = 15
(vi) Seven times of m is 7m.
∴ 7m + 7 = 77
(vii) One-fourth of a number x is \(\frac{x}{4}\).

(viii) Six times of y is 6y.
∴ 6y – y = 60

(ix) One-third of z is \(\frac{x}{4}\) .

MP Board Solution Class 7 Maths Question 5.
Write the following equations in statement forms:
(i) p + 4 = 15
(ii) m – 7 = 3
(iii) 2m = 7
(iv) \(\frac{m}{5}\) = 3
(v) \(\frac{3 m}{5}\) = 6
(vi) 3p + 4 = 25
(viii) \(\frac{p}{2}\) + 2 = 8
Solution:
(i) The sum of p and 4 is 15.
(ii) 7 subtracted from m is 3.
(iii) Twice of a number m is 7.
(iv) One-fifth of a number m is 3.
(v) Three-fifth of a number m is 6.
(vi) Three times of a number p, when added to 4, gives 25.
(vii) 2 subtracted from four times of a number p is 18.
(viii) 2 added to half of a number p gives 8.

MP Board Solution Class 7th Maths Question 6.
Set up an equation in the following cases:
(i) Irfan says that he has 7 marbles more than five times the marbles Parmit has. Irfan has 37 marbles. (Take m to be the number of Parmit’s marbles.)
(ii) Laxmi’s father is 49 years old. He is 4 years older than three times Laxmi’s age. (Take Laxmi’s age to be y years.)
(iii) The teacher tells the class that the highest marks obtained by a student in her class is twice the lowest marks plus 7. The highest score is 87, (Take the lowest score to be l.)
(iv) In an isosceles triangle, the vertex angle is twice either base angle. (Let the base angle be b in degrees. Remember that the sum of angles of a triangle is 180 degrees.)
Solution:
(i) Let Parmit has in marbles.
Number of marbles Irfan has = 5 × Number of marbles Parmit has +7
∴ 5 × m + 7 = 37 ⇒ 5m + 7 = 37

(ii) Let Laxmi be i years old.
Laxmi’s father’s age 3 × Laxmi’s age +4
∴ 49 = 3xy + 4 ⇒ 3y + 4 = 49

(iii) Let the lowest marks be 1.
Highest marks = 2 × Lowest marks +7
∴ 87 = 2 × l + 7 ⇒ 2l + 7 = 87

(iv) An isosceles triangle has two of its angles of equal measure.
Let base angle be b.
Vertex angle =2 × Base angle = 2b
Sum of all interior angles of a triangle 180°
∴ b + b + 2b = 180° ⇒ 4b = 180°

MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions

MP Board Class 7th Sanskrit Model Question Paper (आदर्श प्रश्नपत्रम्)

Sanskrit Gadyansh Class 7 प्रश्न 1.
(अ) सही विकल्प चुनकर लिखिए
(क) बदरीनाथधामास्ति
(i) गुजरातराज्ये
(ii) उड़ीसाराज्ये
(iii) कर्नाटकराज्ये
(iv) उत्तराखण्डराज्ये।
उत्तर:
(iv) उत्तराखण्डराज्ये

(ख) सिंह पीडितः आसीत्
(i) पिपासया
(ii) क्षुधया
(iii) ज्वरेण
(iv) शत्रुणा।
उत्तर:
(ii) क्षुधया

(ग) अपदं दूरगामी अस्ति
(i) पत्रम्
(ii) पक्षी
(iii) पशुः
(iv) मनुष्यः।
उत्तर:
(i) पत्रम्

(घ) पृथिव्याः उपग्रहः अस्ति
(i) बुधः
(ii) शनिः
(iii) चन्द्रः
(iv) शुक्रः।
उत्तर:
(iii) चन्द्रः

(ङ) लोकमान्यतिलकेन आरब्धः उत्सवः अस्ति
(i) दीपोत्सवः
(ii) होलिकोत्सवः
(iii) गणेशोत्सवः
(iv) स्वतन्त्रतादिवसोत्सवः।
उत्तर:
(iii) गणेशात्सवः

(ब) दिये गये शब्दों से रिक्त स्थानों की पूर्ति कीजिए
(खड्गं, मूलाधारः, पूर्णिमा, तक्षशिला, शूलपाणिः)
(क) धर्म एव भारतस्य एकतायाः ………….. अस्ति।
(ख) ………. विश्वविख्यातम् अध्ययनकेन्द्रमासीत्।
(ग) त्रिनेत्रधारी न च ……….. ।
(घ) …………. गृहीत्वा युद्धं कुरु।
(ङ) शुक्लपक्षे ………… तिथि भवति।
उत्तर:
(क) मूलाधारः
(ख) तक्षशिला
(ग) शूलपाणिः
(घ) खड्गं
(ङ) पूर्णिमा।

Class 7 Sanskrit Abhyas Prashn Patra प्रश्न 2.
अधोलिखित गद्यांश को पढ़कर प्रश्नों के उत्तर लिखो-

एकस्मिन् पर्वते दुर्मुखः नाम महौजस्वी सिंहः वसति स्म। सः च सदैव बहूनां पशूनां वधं करोति स्म। एकदा सर्वे पशवः सिंहस्य समीपम् अगच्छन् अवदन् च मृगेन्द्र! त्वं सदैव पशूनां वधं कथं करोषि? प्रसीद वयं स्वयं तव भोजनाय प्रतिदिनम् एकैकं पशुं प्रेषयिष्यामः।

(क) पर्वते किं नाम सिंहः प्रतिवसति स्म? (पर्वत पर किस नाम का शेर रहता था?)
उत्तर:
पर्वते दुर्मुखः नाम सिंहः वसति स्म। (पर्वत पर दुर्मुख नाम का शेर रहता था।)

(ख) सः केषां वधं करोति स्म? (वह किनका करता था?)
उत्तर:
स: बहूनां पशूनां वधं करोति स्म। (वह बहुत से पशुओं का वध किया करता था।)

(ग) के सिंहस्य समीपम् अगच्छन्? (कौन शेर के पास आये थे?)
उत्तर:
सर्वे पशवः सिंहस्य समीपम् अगच्छन् स्म। (सभी पशु शेर के पास गये थे।)

(घ) वयं प्रतिदिन किं प्रेषयिष्यामः? (हम सब प्रतिदिन किसको भेजेंगे?)
उत्तर:
वयं प्रतिदिनं एकैकं पशु प्रेषयिष्यामः। (हम सब प्रतिदिन एक-एक पशु को भेजेंगे।)
अथवा

योगेन शरीरं चित्तम् अपि स्वस्थं भवति। “शरीरमाद्यं खलु धर्मसाधनम्” इति प्रसिद्धं वचनम्। स्वस्थ शरीर अध्ययनं सुकरं भवति। तेन चित्तस्य एकाग्रता भवति। कार्ये कौशलं जायते। योगस्य अभ्यासेन अनेके लाभाः सम्भवन्ति।

(क) शरीरं चित्तं न केन स्वस्थं भवति? (शरीर और चित्त किससे स्वस्थ होता है?)
उत्तर:
योगेन शरीरं चित्तं न स्वस्थं भवति। (योग से शरीर और चित्त स्वस्थ होता है।)

(ख) धर्मस्य आद्यं साधनं किम् अस्ति? (धर्म का आदि साधन क्या है?)
उत्तर:
धर्मस्य आद्यं साधनं शरीरं अस्ति। (धर्म का आदि साधन शरीर है।)

(ग) स्वस्थे शरीरे किं सुकरं भवति? (स्वस्थ शरीर में क्या आसान होता है?)
उत्तर:
स्वस्थ शरीरे अध्ययनं सुकरं भवति। (स्वस्थ शरीर में अध्ययन आसान होता है।)

(घ) कार्ये किं जायते? (कार्य करने पर क्या पैदा होता है?)
उत्तर:
कार्ये कौशलं जायते। (कार्य करने पर कुशलता पैदा होती है।)

Class 7 Sanskrit Apathit Gadyansh Mcq प्रश्न 3.
अधोलिखित पद्यांश को पढ़कर प्रश्नों के उत्तर लिखो-
माता शत्रुः पिता वैरी, येन बालो न पाठितः।
न शोभते सभामध्ये, हंसमध्ये बको यथा।।

(क) यया बालो न पाठितः सा माता कीदृशी? (जिस माता के द्वारा बालक को शिक्षित नहीं कराया जाता बह माता कैसी होती है?)
उत्तर:
सा माता शत्रुः अस्ति। (वह माता शत्रु होती है)

(ख) येन बालो न पाठितः स पिता कीदृशः? (जिस पिता के द्वारा बालक को शिक्षित नहीं कराया जाता वह पिता कैसा होता है?)
उत्तर:
सः पिता वैरी अस्ति। (वह पिता बैरी होता है।)

(ग) यः न पठितवान् स: कुत्र न शोभते? (जो अशिक्षित है वह कहाँ शोभा नहीं देता?)
उत्तर:
सः सभामध्ये न शोभते। (वह सभा के बीच शोभा नहीं देता।)

(घ) यः न पठितवान् सः कथं न शोभते? (जो अशिक्षित है वह कैसे शोभा नहीं देता?)
उत्तर:
सः हंसमध्ये बको यथा न शोभते। (वह हंसों के बीच बगुले की तरह शोभा नहीं देता।)
अथवा

वरमेको गुणी पुत्रो न मूर्ख-शतान्यपि।
एकश्चन्द्रस्तमो हन्ति, न च तारागणा अपि॥

(क) कः पुत्रः वरम् अस्ति? (कौन-सा पुत्र श्रेष्ठ होता है?)
उत्तर:
गुणी पुत्रः वरम् अस्ति। (गुणवान पुत्र श्रेष्ठ होता है।)

(ख) कति मूर्खपुत्राः न वराणि? (कितने मूर्ख पुत्र अच्छे नहीं होते हैं?)
उत्तर:
शतानि मूर्खपुत्राः न वराणि। (सौ मूर्ख पुत्र अच्छे नहीं होते हैं।)

(ग) कः तमो हन्ति? (कौन अन्धकार को नष्ट कर देता है?)
उत्तर:
चन्द्रः तमो हन्ति। (चन्द्रमा अन्धकार को नष्ट कर देता है।)

(घ) क तमो न घ्नन्ति? (कौन अन्धकार को नष्ट नहीं कर पाते हैं?)
उत्तर:
ताराः तमो न घ्नन्ति। (तारे अन्धकार को नष्ट नहीं कर पाते हैं।)

Class 7th Sanskrit Paper प्रश्न 4.
(अ) पाठ्य पुस्तक से कण्ठस्थ किया हुआ एक श्लोक लिखो जो इस प्रश्न-पत्र में न हो।
उत्तर:
विद्या विवादाय धनं मदाय, शक्तिः परेषां परिपीडनाय।
खलस्य साधोः विपरीतमेतत्, ज्ञानाय दानाय च रक्षणाय।।

(ब) श्लोक को पूरा करो
जलबिन्दुं …………… क्रमशः …………. घटः।
स ………… सर्वविद्यानां ……….. च धनस्य च ॥
उत्तर:
निपातेन, पूर्यते, हेतु, धर्मस्य।

(स) पाठ्य पुस्तक से कण्ठस्थ की हुई एक सूक्ति लिखो।
उत्तर:
आचार: परमो धर्मः।

Class 7 Sanskrit Paper प्रश्न 5.
(अ) अधोलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर एक शब्द में लिखो
(क) प्रयत्नेन के विश्वप्रियाः? (प्रयत्न करने से कौन विश्वप्रिय बन गये?)
उत्तर:
भारतीयाः

(ख) के उत्सवप्रियाः भवन्ति? (कौन उत्सवप्रिय होते हैं?)
उत्तर:
जनाः

(ग) सिक्खानां दशमः गुरुः क आसीत्? (सिक्खों के दसवें गुरु कौन थे?)
उत्तर:
गुरुगोविन्दसिंहः

(घ) सुप्तोऽपि नेत्रे कः न निमीलयति? (सोने पर भी दोनों नेत्रों को कौन बन्द नहीं करती है?)
उत्तर:
मत्स्यः

(ङ) कस्य सहायतां प्रभुः करोति? (प्रभु किसकी सहायता करते हैं?)
उत्तर:
श्रमशीलस्य

(च) केन कार्याणि सिद्धयन्ति? (किससे कार्य सिद्ध हो जाते हैं)
उत्तर:
उद्यमेन

(ब) अधोलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर एक वाक्य में लिखो
(क) मठानि किमर्थ स्थापितानि? (मठों की स्थापना किसलिए की गई?)
उत्तर:
धर्मरक्षार्थं वेदान्ततत्त्वानां प्रचारार्थम् च मठानि स्थापितानि। (धर्म की रक्षा और वेदान्त तत्वों के प्रचार के लिए मठों की स्थापना की गई।)

(ख) कौ द्वौ पक्षौ भवतः? (कौन से दो पक्ष होते हैं?)
उत्तर:
शुक्लपक्षः कृष्णपक्ष: च इति दौ पक्षौ भवतः। (शुक्ल पक्ष और कृष्ण पक्ष नामक दो पक्ष होते हैं।)

(ग) भास्कराचार्यः किं प्रतिपादितवान्? (भास्कराचार्य ने क्या प्रतिपादित किया?)
उत्तर:
भास्कराचार्यः गुरुत्वाकर्षणसिद्धांत π (पै) इति गणितचिह्नस्य मानं त्रैराशिकनियमादीन् प्रतिपादितवान्। (भास्कराचार्य ने गुरुत्वाकर्षण सिद्धान्त, गणित चिह्न π (पाई) का मान, त्रैराशिक नियम आदि का प्रतिपादन किया।)

(घ) परोपकारः किमर्थ भवति? (परोपकार किसके लिए होता है)
उत्तर:
परोपकारः पुण्याय भवति। (परोपकार पुण्य के लिए होता है।)

(ङ) बालचरस्य प्रथमा प्रतिज्ञा का अस्ति? (बालचरस्य की पहली प्रतिज्ञा क्या है?)
उत्तर:
‘ईश्वरं स्वदेशं प्रति च कर्त्तव्यपालनं’ बालचरस्य प्रथमा प्रतिज्ञा अस्ति। (‘ईश्वर और अपने देश के प्रति कर्त्तव्य का पालन करना’ बालचर की पहली प्रतिज्ञा है।)

(च) सुलभा कस्य मूर्तिम् अपश्यत्? (सुलभा ने किसकी मूर्ति को देखा?)
उत्तर:
सुलभा मुनेः पतञ्जले: मूर्तिम् अपश्यत्। (सुलभा मे मुनि पतञ्जलि की मूर्ति को देखा।)

MP Board Sanskrit Class 7th प्रश्न 6.
(अ) अधोलिखित शब्दों के रूप तीनों वचनों में लिखो-
(क) लेखनी-पञ्चमी विभक्ति
(ख) सर्व-तृतीया विभक्ति (पुल्लिङ्ग)
(ग) मधु-चतुर्थी विभक्ति।
उत्तर:

(ब) अधोलिखित के धातुरूप निर्देशानुसार तीनों वचनों में लिखो-
(क) पठ्-लोट्लकारः (आज्ञार्थकः), उत्तमपुरुषः।
(ख) गम् (गच्छ्)-विधिलिङ्लकारः, प्रथमपुरुषः।
(ग) वन्द-(आत्मनेपद) लट्लकारः, मध्यमपुरुषः।
उत्तर:

(स) अधोलिखित में रेखांकित शब्दों के कारक नाम लिखो-
(क) खगः वृक्षे निवसति।
(ख) रामः पठति।
(ग) हिमालयात् गङ्गा प्रभवति।
(घ) राजा ब्राह्मणाय धनं ददाति।
उत्तर:
(क) अधिकरणकारकम् (सप्तमी विभक्तिः)
(ख) कर्तृकारकम् (प्रथमा विभक्तिः)
(ग) अपादानकारकम् (पञ्चमी विभक्तिः)
(घ) सम्प्रदानकारकम् (चतुर्थी विभक्तिः)

Kaksha Satvin Sanskrit प्रश्न 7.
(अ) अधोलिखित शब्दों के धातु और प्रत्यय अलग करो-
(क) विलिख्य
उत्तर:
विलिख्या = वि (उपसर्गः) + लिख् (धातुः) + य (ल्यप्)

(ख) कृतवान्
उत्तर:
कृतवान् = कृ धातुः + क्तवतु प्रत्ययः

(ग) लिखित्वा
उत्तर:
लिखित्वा = लिख (धातुः) + त्वा (क्त्वा प्रत्ययः)

(घ) क्रीडितः।
उत्तर:
क्रीडितः = क्रीड् धातुः + क्त प्रत्ययः

(ब) अधोलिखित के उपसर्ग अलग करो-
(क) उपकरोति
(ख) अनुधावति
(ग) पराजयते
(घ) उद्भवति।
उत्तर:
(क) उप
(ख) अनु
(ग) परा,
(घ) उत्।

(स) अधोलिखित में से अव्यय चुनकर लिखो-
(क) धेनु
(ख) अतः
(ग) नगरम्
(घ) पुरतः
(ङ) मा।
उत्तर:
(ख) अतः
(घ) पुरतः
(ङ) मा।

Class 7 Sanskrit Sample Paper 2023 With Answers प्रश्न 8.
(अ) अधोलिखित शब्दों की सन्धि विच्छेद करके सन्धि का नाम लिखो-
(क) देवर्षिः
(ख) अजन्तः
(ग) पावकः
(घ) सुबन्तः।
उत्तर:
(क) देवर्षिः = देव + ऋषिः (स्वरसन्धिः)
(ख) अजन्तः = अच् + अनतः (व्यञ्जनसन्धिः)
(ग) पावकः = पौ + अकः (स्वरसन्धिः)
(घ) सुबन्तः = सुप् + अन्तः (व्यञ्जनसन्धिः)

(ब) अधोलिखित शब्दों के समास विग्रह करके समास का नाम लिखो-
(क) चौरभयम्
(ख) पंचवटी
(ग) उपकृष्णम्।
उत्तर:
(क) चौरभयम्-चौराद् भयम् (तत्पुरुषसमासः)
(ख) पंचवटी-पञ्चानां वटानां समाहारः (द्विगुसमास:)
(ग) उपकृष्णम्-कृष्णस्य समीपम् (अव्ययीभावसमासः)

(स) अधोलिखित संख्याओं को संस्कृत में लिखो-
(क) 14
(ख) 18
(ग) 16
उत्तर:
(क) 14-चतुर्दश
(ख) 18-अष्टादश
(ग) 16-षोडश।

Sanskrit Ka Paper 7th Class 9.
अधोलिखित शब्दों से पत्र को पूरा करो-
(भ्रमणार्थं, स्वास्थ्यम्, प्रणामाः, परीक्षा, कुशलिनी)

खजूरीपन्थतः
3 जनवरी, 20……….

पूज्यमातः! …………..
अहम् ईश्वरस्य कृपया ………….. अस्मि।
भवत्याः ………….. कथम् अस्ति?
अहं अस्मिन् मासे ………. गमिष्यामि। आगामिमासे मम ……….. अस्ति। पितृचरणौ वन्दे।

भवत्याः पुत्री
शैलजा

उत्तर:
प्रणामाः, कुशलिनी, स्वास्थ्यम्, भ्रमणार्थम्, परीक्षा।

Sanskrit Prashn Patra प्रश्न 10.
अधोलिखित में से किसी एक विषय पर पाँच वाक्यों में संस्कृत में निबन्ध लिखो
(क) मम विद्यालयः
उत्तर:

1. मम विद्यालयः ‘खाईखेड़ा’ ग्रामे स्थितः अस्ति।
2. विद्यालयस्य भवनम् अतीवसुन्दरम् अस्ति।
3. अहं विद्यालयं गत्वा गुरून् प्रणमामि।
4. विद्यालये एकम् उद्यानम् अपि अस्ति।
5. विद्यालये एक विशालं क्रीडाक्षेत्रम् अस्ति।

(ख) पुस्तकम्
उत्तर:

1. पुस्तकानि मह्यम् अतीव रोचन्ते।
2. पुस्तकानि ज्ञानस्य भण्डारः भवन्ति।
3. पुस्तकानि अस्माकं मित्राणि सन्ति।
4. पुस्तकानां सङ्गति लाभप्रदा भवति।
5. अस्माभिः पुस्तकानि रक्षणीयानि।

(ग) उद्यानम्
उत्तर:

1. उद्यानम् अत्यन्तं रमणीयं भवति।
2. बालकाः उद्यानं क्रीडन्ति।
3. उद्याने तडागः अपि अस्ति।
4. जनाः उद्यानं भ्रमणार्थं गच्छन्ति।
5. खगाः वृक्षेषु निवसन्ति।

(घ) धेनुः।
उत्तर:

1. धेनुः अस्माकं माता अस्ति।
2. धेनूनां विविधाः वर्णाः भवन्ति।
3. धेनुः तृणानि भक्षयति।
4. धेनुः जनेभ्यः मधुरं पयः प्रयच्छति।
5. वयं धेनुं मातृरूपेण पूजयामः।

अथवा
अधोलिखित शब्दों की सहायता से पाठ्य पुस्तक में चित्र देखकर संस्कृत में पाँच वाक्य लिखो-
(धेनुः, कृषकः, गृहाणि, वृक्षौ, क्षेत्रम्)
उत्तर:
(1) गोपालः धेनुम् दुहति।
(2) कृषकः तापं शीतं वृष्टिं सहित्वा कृषिकर्म करोति।
(3) ग्रामे बहूनि गृहाणि सन्ति।
(4) ग्रामे दौ वृक्षौ स्तः।
(5) प्रात:काले कृषकाः स्व-स्व क्षेत्रम् गत्वा कृषिकर्माणि कुर्वन्ति।

MP Board Class 7th Sanskrit Solutions

MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions Chapter 3 Data Handling Ex 3.1

MP Board Class 7 Maths Solutions Chapter 3 Question 1.
Find the range of heights of any ten students of your class.
Solution:
Let the heights (in cm) of 10 students of our class be 125, 129, 131, 132, 134, 136, 139, 142, 144, 146
Highest observation = 146 cm
Lowest observation =125 cm
Range = Highest observation – Lowest observation
= (146 – 125) cm = 21 cm

Class 7 Maths Chapter 3 MP Board Question 2.
Organise the following marks in a class assessment, in a tabular form. 4, 6, 7, 5, 3, 5, 4, 5, 2, 6, 2, 5, 1, 9, 6, 5, 8, 4, 6, 7
Solution:

(i) Highest number = 9
(ii) Lowest number = 1
(iii) Range = (9 – 1) = 8
(iv) Sum of all the observations =4 + 6 + 7 + 5 + 3 + 5 + 4 + 5 + 2 + 6 + 2 + 5 + 1 + 9 + 6 + 5 + 8 + 4 + 6 + 7 = 100
Total number of observations = 20
Arithmetic mean

MP Board Class 7th Maths Chapter 3 Question 3.
Find the mean of the first five whole numbers.
Solution:
First five whole numbers are 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4.

Hence, the mean of first five whole numbers is 2.

Class 7 Maths Chapter 3 Exercise 3.1 Solutions Question 4.
A cricketer scores the following runs in eight innings: 58, 76,40, 35,46,45,0,100.
Find the mean score.
Solution:
Runs scored by the cricketer in eight innings are 58, 76, 40, 35, 46, 45, 0 and 100.

Therefore, mean score is 50.

Class 7th Maths Exercise 3.1 Question 5.
Following table shows the points of each player scored in four games:

Now answer the following questions:
(i) Find the mean to determine A’s average number of points scored per game.
(ii) To find the mean number of points per game for C, would you divide the total points by 3 or by 4? Why?
(iii) B played in all the four games. How would you find the mean?
(iv) Who is the best performer?
Solution:
(i) A’s average number of points

(ii) To find the mean number of points per game for C, we will divide the total points by 3 because C played 3 games.

(iii) Mean of B’s Score

(iv) The best performer will have the greatest average among all. Now we can observe that the average of A is 12.5 which is more than that of B and C. Therefore, A is the best performer.

MP Board Solution Class 7 Maths Question 6.
The marks (out of 100) obtained by a group of students in a Science test are 85, 76, 90, 85, 39, 48, 56, 95, 81 and 75. Find the:
(i) Highest and the lowest marks obtained by the students.
(ii) Range of the marks obtained.
(iii) Mean marks obtained by the group.
Solution:
The marks obtained by the group of students in a Science test can be arranged in ascending order as follows.
39, 48, 56, 75, 76, 81, 85, 85, 90, 95
(i) Highest marks = 95 Lowest marks = 39
(ii) Range = 95 – 39 = 56
(iii) Mean marks

Class 7th Maths Book Exercise 3.1 Question 7.
The enrolment in a school during six consecutive years was as follows:
1555, 1670, 1750, 2013, 2540, 2820
Find the mean enrolment of the school for this period.
Solution:
Mean enrolment

Class 7th Maths Data Handling Exercise 3.1 Question 8.
The rainfall (in mm) in a city on 7 days of a certain week was recorded as follows:

(i) Find the range of the rainfall in the above data.
(ii) Find the mean rainfall for the week.
(iii) On how many days was the rainfall less than the mean rainfall?
Solution:
(i) Range = (20.5 – 0.0) mm = 20.5 mm
(ii) Mean rainfall

(iii) For 5 days (i.e., Monday, Wednesday, Thursday, Saturday, Sunday), the rainfall was less than the mean rainfall.

Class 7 Maths Chapter 3 3.1 Question 9.
The heights of 10 girls were measured in cm and the results are as follows:
135, 150, 139, 128, 151, 132, 146, 149, 143, 141.
(i) What is the height of the tallest girl?
(ii) What is the height of the shortest girl?
(iii) What is the range of the data?
(iv) What is the mean height of the girls?
(v) How many girls have heights more than the mean height?
Solution:
Arranging the heights of 10 girls in an ascending order;
128, 132, 135, 139, 141, 143, 146, 149, 150, 151
(i) Height of the tallest girl = 151 cm
(ii) Height of the shortest girl = 128 cm
(iii) Range = (151 – 128) cm = 23 cm
(iv) Mean height

(v) The heights of 5 girls are greater than the mean height (i.e., 141.4 cm) and these heights are 143 cm, 146 cm, 149 cm, 150 cm and 151 cm.

MP Board Class 7th Maths Solutions