MP Board Class 7th Science Solutions Chapter 7 Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals of Climate
Weather Climate and Adaptations of Animals of Climate Intext Questions
Question 1.
I wonder who prepares the wheather report?
Answer:
The weather reports are prepared by the Meteorological Department of the Government.
Question 2.
I wonder why weather changes so frequently?
Answer:
Because factors affecting weather like temperature, humidity, etc. vary frequently.
Question 3.
What is the source of whether in the first place?
Answer:
All changes in the weather are caused due to sun.
Question 4.
Do fishes and butterflies also migrate like birds?
Answer:
No.
Weathering the storm in ersama mcq Question·
Activity
Fill all the columns according to the data in the chart that you have prepared.
Answer:
Table
Weather data of a week
(Rainfall may not be recorded for all the days since it may not rain everyday.)
Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals of Climate Text Book Exercises
Question 1.
Name the elements that determine the weather of a place?
Answer:
The day – to – day condition of the atmosphere at a place with respect to the temperature, rainfall, humidity, wind – speed, etc., is called the weather at that place.
Question 2.
When are the maximum and minimum temperature likely to occur during the day?
Answer:
The maximum temperature of the day occurs generally in the afternoon while the minimum temperature occurs in the early morning.
Question 3.
Fill in the blanks:
- The average weather taken over a long time is called …………..
- A place receives very little rainfall and the temperature is high throughout the year, the climate of that place will be ……………. and
- The two regions of the earth with extreme climatic conditions are ………….. and ……………
Answer:
- Climate of the place
- Hot, dry
- Tropical, polar regions.
Question 4.
Indicate the type of climate of the following areas:
- Jammu and Kashmir –
- Kerala –
- Rajasthan –
- North – east India –
Answer:
- Moderately hot and moderately wet climate.
- Very hot and wet climate.
- Hot and dry climate.
- Wet climate.
Question 5.
Which of the two changes frequently weather or climate?
Answer:
Weather.
Question 6.
Following are some of the characteristics of animals:
- Diets heavy on fruits
- White fur
- Need to migrate
- Loud voice
- Sticky pads on feet
- Layer of fat under skin
- Wide and large paws
- Bright colours
- Strong tails
- Long and Large beak.
For each characteristic indicate whether it is adaptation for tropical rainforests or polar regions. Do you think that some of there characteristics can be adapted for both regions?
Answer:
- Tropical rainforests
- Polar region
- Polar region
- Tropical rainforesl
- Tropical rainforests
- Polar region
- Polar region
- Tropical rainforets
- Tropical rain.forests
- Tropical rainfore’t
Question 7.
The tropical rainforest has a large population of animals. Explain why it is so?
Answer:
Tropical rain are found in Western Ghats and Assam in India, South – east Asia, central America and Central Africa. Because of continuous warmth and rain, this region supports wide variety of plants and animals. The major types of animals living in the rainforests are apes, gorillas, monkeys, tigers, lions, leopards, lizards, elephants, insects, birds and snakes.
The climate conditions in rainforests are highly suitable for supporting an enormous number and variety of animals. Thus, we can say that because of the hospitable climate conditions huge populations of plants and animals are found in the tropical rainforests.
Question 8.
Explain, with examples, why we find animals of certain kind living in particular climatic conditions?
Answer:
Animals are adapted to survive in the conditions in which they live. Animals living in very cold and hot climate must possess special features to protect themselves against the extreme cold or heat. Polar bears have white fur so that they are not easily visible in the snowy white background. It protects them from their predators. It also helps them in catching their prey. To protect them from extreme cold, they have two thick layers of fur.
They also have a layer of fat under their skin. In fact, they are so well – insulated that they have to move slowly and rest often to avoid getting overheated. Physical activities on warm days necessitate cooling. So, the polar bear goes for swimming. It is a good swimmer. Its paws are wide and large, which help it not only to swim well but also walk with ease in the snow. While swimming under water, it can close its nostrils and can remain under water for long durations.
It has a strong sense of smell so that it can catch its prey for food. Another well – known animal living in the polar regions is the penguin (Fig.). It is also white and merges well wTith the white background. It also has a thick skin and a lot of fat to protect it from cold. You may have seen pictures of penguins huddled together. This they do to keep warm.
Question 9.
How do elephant living in the tropical rainforest adapt itself?
Answer:
The elephant has adapted to the conditions of rainforests in many remarkable ways. Look at its trunk. It uses it as a nose because of whjch it has a strong sense of smell. The trunk is also used by it for picking up food. Moreover, its tusks are modified teeth. These can tear the bark of trees that elephant loves to eat.
So, the elephant is able to handle the competition for food rather well. Large ears of the elephant help it to hear even very soft sounds. They also help the elephant to 4 keep cool in the hot and humid climate of the rainforest.
Choose the correct option which answers the following question:
Question 10.
A carnivore with stripes on its body moves very fast while catching its prey. It is likely to be found in
- Polar regions
- Deserts
- Oceans
- Tropical rainforests.
Answer:
4. Tropical rainforests.
Question 11.
Which features adapt polar bears to live in extremely cold climate?
- A white fur, fat below skin, keen sense of smell.
- Thin skin, large eyes, a white fur.
- A long tail, strong claws, white large paws.
- White body, paws for swimming, gills for respiration.
Answer:
1. A white fur, fat below skin, keen sense of smell.
Question 12.
Which option best describes a tropical region?
- Hot and humid
- Moderate temperature, heavy rainfall
- Cold and humid
- Hot and dry.
Answer:
1. Hot and humid.
Extended Learning – Projects and Activities
Question 1.
Collect weather reports of seven successive days in the winter months (preferably December). Collect similar reports for the summer months (preferably June). Now prepare a table for sunrise and sunset times as shown:
Table
Try to answer the following questions:
- Is there any difference in the time of sunrise during summer and winter?
- When do you find that the sun rises earlier?
- Do you also find any difference in the time of sunset during the month of June and December?
- When are the days longer?
- When are the nights longer?
- Why are the days sometimes longer and sometimes shorter?
- Plot the length of the days against the days chosen in June and December?
Answer:
- Yes.
- Sunrises earlier during summer.
- Yes, sunsets earlier during winter.
- During summer, the days are longer.
- During winter, the nights are longer.
- Earth revolves around the sun. During different times, the angle of earth with the sun changes. This causes the difference in length of day and night.
- Length.
Question 2.
Collect information about the Indian Meteorological Department. If possible visit its website: http//www.imd.gov.in. Write a brief report about the things this department does.
Answer:
Do with the help of your subject teacher.
Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals of Climate Additional Important Questions
Objective Type Questions
Question 1.
Choose the correct alternative:
Question (i)
The weather reports are prepared by the –
(a) Meteorological Department of the Government
(b) Agricultural Department of the Government
(c) Radio and TV Department of the Government
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(a) Meteorological Department of the Government
Question (ii)
The climate of the north – east is –
(a) Hot
(b) Wet
(c) Cold
(d) Dry.
Answer:
(b) Wet
Question (iii)
The climate of the western region is –
(a) Hot
(b) Wet
(c) Dry
(d) Hot and dry.
Answer:
(d) Hot and dry.
Question (iv)
The lion – tailed macaque lives in the rainforests of –
(a) Western Ghats
(b) Eastern Ghats
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(a) Western Ghats
Question (v)
Which are of the following is a migratory bird –
(a) Penguin
(b) Peacock
(c) Crow
(d) Siberian crane.
Answer:
(d) Siberian crane.
Question 2.
Fill in the blanks:
- The temperature, humidity and other factors are called the ……………. of the weather.
- Rainfall is measured by an instrument called the …………….
- All changes in the weather are caused by …………….
- ……………. Record the weather every day.
- The polar regions are situated near the …………….
- Musk oxen, foxes, seals, etc. are living in the ……………. regions.
- The tropical region has generally a ……………. climate.
- Animals are adapted to the conditions in which they …………….
- Penguins lives in ……………. regions.
- The beard ape lives in the rainforests of …………….
Answer:
- Elements
- Rain gauge
- Sun
- Meteorologists
- Poles
- Polar
- Hot
- Live
- Very cold
- Western Ghats.
Question 3.
Which of the following statements are true (T) or false (F):
- The weather is generally not the same on any two days and week after week.
- The camel is called the ship of the desert.
- The times of sunrise and sunset also change during the year.
- The climate of the Kerala is very cold for most part of the year
- Penguins lives in very cold.
- Animals are adapted to the conditions in which they live.
- All the changes in the weather are driven by the sun.
- Migration is another means to escape the harsh, cold conditions.
- Polar bears are found in Indian tropical rainforests.
- The winter sleep of animals is called migration.
Answer:
- True (T)
- True (T)
- True (T)
- False (F)
- True (T)
- True (T)
- True (T)
- True (T)
- False (F)
- False (F).
Question 4.
Match the items in Column A with Column B:
Answer:
(i) (b)
(ii) (d)
(iii) (a)
(iv) (c)
Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals of Climate vert short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Who prepares the weather report?
Answer:
The weather reports are prepared by the Metreological Department of the Government.
Question 2.
What do you mean by weather?
Answer:
The day – to – day condition of the atmosphere at a place with respect to the temperature, rainfall, wind speed, humidity, is called the weather of that place.
Question 3.
What do you mean by climate?
Answer:
The average weather pattern taken over a long time, say 25 years, is called the climate of the place.
Question 4.
When is the climate of a place called hot and wet?
Answer:
If there is heavy rainfall on most of the days as well as the temperature is high in the same place, then we can say that the climate of that place is hot and wet.
Question 5.
When is the climate of a place called hot?
Answer:
If the temperature at a place is high most of the time, then we say that the climate of that place is hot.
Question 6.
Why do some places have hotter climate than others?
Answer:
The places nearer to the equator are usually hotter. This is because the sim’s rays are more concentrated near the equator than they are farther North or South.
Question 7.
Which causes the changes in weather?
Answer:
Sun.
Question 8.
Name the location in India where climate is hot and dry?
Answer:
Rajasthan.
Question 9.
Name the location in India where climate is wet.
Answer:
North – east.
Question 10.
Define raingauge.
Answer:
Rainfall is measured by an instrument called the raingauge.
Question 11.
Name two animals found in cold climate?
Answer:
Polar bear and Penguins.
Question 12.
Name two animals found in hot and humid climate.
Answer:
Beard ape and Red – eyed frog.
Question 13.
Name two deserts animal.
Answer:
Camel and snake.
Question 14.
Where does penguin live?
Answer:
Penguin lives in very cold places.
Question 15.
What makes penguins good swimmers?
Answer:
Penguin’s bodies are streamlined and their feet have webs, making them good swimmers.
Question 16.
How are the paws of a polar bear?
Answer:
Wide and large.
Question 17.
Can a polar bear live happily on land?
Answer:
No, it lives happily where the land is fully covered with snow.
Question 18.
Where do the elephant live ?
Answer:
Elephant lives in forest.
Question 19.
Name two countries where the tropical rainforests are found?
Answer:
India and Brazil.
Question 20.
Name two countries where polar regions are found?
Answer:
Sweden and Canada.
Question 21.
Name four countries in polar region?
Answer:
Norway, Iceland, Canada and Greenland.
Question 22.
Name the major types of animals living in rainforest?
Answer:
The major types of animals living in the rainforests are apes, lions, tigers, monkeys, gorillas, elephants, leopards, snakes, birds and lizards.
Question 23.
Where do the following animals live?
- Fish
- Monkeys
- Snakes
Answer:
- In water
- On land and trees
- On land and water.
Question 24.
Name any two animals which are active during night?
Answer:
Owl and Bat.
Question 25.
Name the bird from Siberia that comes to India?
Answer:
Siberian Crane.
Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals of Climate Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Differentiate between weather and climate?
Answer:
Difference between weather and climate:
Weather:
The day – to – day condition of the atmosphere at a place with respect to the temperature, rainfall, windspeed, humidity, etc. is called the weather at that place.
Climate:
The average weather pattern taken over a long time, say 25 years, is called the climate of that place.
Question 2.
Write a short note on the sun?
Answer:
All changes in the weather are caused by the sun. The sun is a huge sphere of hot gases at a very high temperature. The distance of the sun from us is very large. Even then the energy sent out by the sun is so huge that it is the source of all heat and light on the earth. So, the sun is the primary source of energy that causes changes in the weather.
Energy absorbed and reflected by the earth’s surface, oceans and the atmosphere play important roles in determining the weather at any place. If you live near the sea, you would have realised that the weather at your place is different from that of a place in a desert, or near a mountain.
Question 3.
How do penguins adapt with polar climate?
Answer: Penguins are white and merge well with the white background. They also have a thick skin and a lot of fat to protect it from cold. Penguins huddle together. This they do to keep warm. Further, their bodies are streamlined and their feet have webs, making them good swimmers.
Question 4.
How is camel adapted to live in desert?
Answer:
Camel lives in desert. It has long legs which help it to lift its body above the ground. So, camel is able to avoid direct contact with the hot ground. Camel drinks more than 50 litres of water at a time. Camel store the water in his body. So that it lives without water for a longer time. Due to its thick skin, transpiration of water is also prevents. That’s why camel is suited to live in desert.
Question 5.
How are fishes adapted to live in water?
Answer:
Fishes are best suited to live in water. They have structure like a boat, which help them in swimming in water. They have gills from which they get food and oxygen. The body of fishes contain different types of fins which help them for swimming in water.
Question 6.
What is the climate of polar regions?
Answer:
The polar regions present an extreme climate. These regions are covered with snow and it is very cold for most part of the year. For six months the sun does not set at the poles while for the other six months the sun does not rise. In winters, the temperature can be as low as –37°C. Animals living there have adapted to these severe conditions.
Question 7.
Where the polar regions are situated? Name some of the countries that belong to the polar regions. Also name the some countries where the tropical rainforests are found.
Answer:
The polar regions are situated near the poles, i.e., north pole and south pole. Some well – known countries that belong to the polar regions are Canada, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Alaska in U.S.A. and Siberian region of Russia. Some countries where the tropical rainforests are found are India, Malaysia, Indonesia, Brazil, Republic of Congo, Kenya, Uganda, and Nigeria.
Question 8.
Write the features of lion – tailed macaque?
Answer:
The lion – tailed macaque (also called Beard ape) lives in the rainforests of Western Ghats. Its most outstanding feature is the silver – white mane, which surrounds the head from the cheeks down to its chin. It is a good climber and spends a major part of its life on the tree. It feeds mainly on fruits. It also eats seeds, young leaves, stems, flowers and buds. This beard ape also searches for insects under the bark of the trees. Since it is able to get sufficient food on the trees, it rarely comes down on the ground.
Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals of Climate Long Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Answer:
Question 2.
Write a note about “climate of the tropical rainforests”?
Answer:
The tropical region has generally a hot climate because of its location around the equator. Even in the coldest month the temperature is generally higher than about 15°C. During hot summers, the temperature may cross 40°C. Days and nights are almost equal in length throughout the year. These regions get plenty of rainfall. An important feature of this region is the tropical rainforests. Tropical rainforests are found in Western Ghats and Assam in India, Southeast Asia, Central America and Central Africa. Because of continuous warmth and rain, this region supports wide variety of plants and animals. The major types of animals living in the rainforests are monkeys, apes, gorillas, lions, tigers, elephants, leopards, lizards, snakes, birds and insects.
Question 3.
For which animals the climatic conditions in rainforests are highly suitable?
Answer:
The climatic conditions in rainforests are highly suitable for supporting an enormous number and variety of animals. Since the numbers are large, there is intense competition for food and shelter. Many animals are adapted to living on the trees. Red – eyed frog (Fig. (a)) has developed sticky pads on its feet to help it climb trees on which it lives. To help them live on the trees, monkeys (Fig. (b)) have long tails for grasping branches. Their hands and feet are such that they can easily hold on to the branches.
