Bhagya

MP Board Class 12th General Hindi व्याकरण शब्द-युग्म

शब्द युग्म का अर्थ और परिभाषा

युग्म का अर्थ है जोड़ा। जोड़ा अर्थात् दो का सह अस्तित्व। अतः शब्द युग्म ऐसे शब्दों को कहते हैं जो ऐसे दो शब्द होते हैं जिनके लिखने और उच्चारण में सूक्ष्म अन्तर होता है ये शब्द एक स्थान पर होने पर दूसरे के होने का भ्रम पैदा करते हैं।

डॉ. हरदेव बाहरी ने लिखा है कि ऐसे शब्दों के प्रयोग के बारे में विशेष सावधानी बरतने की ज़रूरत है। ये ऐसे शब्द होते हैं जिनका उच्चारणू एक आध अक्षर (स्वर, स्वर की मात्रा या व्यंजन के हेर-फेर के कारण धोखे में डाल सकता है।

यों तो युग्म दो शब्दों का होता है पर कुछ शब्द तीन-तीन और थोड़े समूह चार-चार समोच्चारित शब्दों के भी मिल जाते हैं, जिनमें अर्थ भेद स्पष्टतः देखा जा सकता है।

शब्दों का महत्त्व या उपयोगिता : शब्दों के उच्चारण और लेखन की समानता, असमानता व अर्थ भिन्नता के प्रति अगर पाठक या लेखक सावधान नहीं रहता तो अर्थ का अनर्थ हो जाता है। अतः शुद्ध भाषा के लेखन के लिए शब्द युग्मों से परिचित होना अनिवार्य है।

शब्द युग्मों के प्रकार या भेद शब्द युग्मों को भाषाविज्ञानियों ने चार भागों में विभाजित किया है। यह विभाजन इस प्रकार है :

1. पुनरुक्त शब्द युग्म
2. अनुकरणात्मक शब्द युग्म
3. अनुसरणात्मक शब्द युग्म
4. भिन्न उच्चारण और भिन्न वर्तनी वाले शब्द युग्म।

1. पुनरुक्त शब्द युग्म : जब एक ही शब्द की पुनरावृत्ति होती है तो उसे पुनरुक्त शब्द युग्म कहते हैं। जैसे-अभी-अभी, कभी-कभी, वाह-वाह, जाते-जाते, आते-आते। लिखते-लिखते आदि।
2. अनुकरणात्मक शब्द युग्म : जब पहले शब्द के अनुकरण पर दूसरा शब्द गढ़ लिया जाता है तो तब अनुकरणात्मक शब्द युग्म कहलाता है। जैसे-पानी-वानी, दाल-वाल, रोटी-वोटी, चाय-वाय, हाई फाई, ऐसा-वैसा, जैसे-तैसे। यहाँ-वहाँ आदि।।
3. अनुसरणात्मक शब्द युग्म : इस श्रेणी में दोनों ही शब्द एक-दूसरे पर निर्भर होते हैं लेकिन संयोग सार्थक होता है। जैसे-फटा-फट, तड़ा-तड़, टर-टर, चट-चट आदि।
4. भिन्न उच्चारण और भिन्न वर्तनी वाले शब्द युग्म : जो दोनों ही शब्द उच्चारण व भिन्न वर्तनी और अर्थ वर्तनी की दृष्टि से भिन्न होते हैं। जैसे-अस्त्र-शस्त्र, आधि-व्याधि, तंद्रा-निद्रा, अवस्था-वायु, अभिमान – अहंकार, ऋद्धि-सिद्धि आदि।

युग्म शब्दों का प्रयोग करते समय बरतने वाली सावधानियाँ

अगर आप अपने लेखन में युग्म शब्दों का प्रयोग कर रहे हैं तो आपको अतिरिक्त सावधान रहने की आवश्यकता है क्योंकि आपकी जरा-सी लापरवाही वाक्य का अनर्थ कर सकती है। वस्तुतः जिन शब्दों में, उच्चारण की दृष्टि से बहुत कम अन्तर होता है वे शब्द युग्म अधिक भ्रम पैदा करते हैं, अतः इनका प्रयोग और शुद्ध लेखन में अतिरिक्त सावधानी बरतने की आवश्यकता है।

समध्वनि भिन्नार्थक युग्म शब्द

1. उत्तर : प्रश्न का उत्तर।
: मुझे अभी तक मेरे प्रश्न का उत्तर नहीं मिला।
उत्तर : दिशा विशेष।
यह गाड़ी उत्तर दिशा में जा रही है।
उतर : नीचे उतरने का भाव।
: अब वह सूर्यास्त देखकर नीचे उतर रही थी।

2. काफी : एक पेय पदार्थ।
: क्या आप मुझे एक प्याली गर्म काफी पिला सकते हो?
काफी : पर्याप्त।
: राम को काफी समय दिया गया किंतु तब भी प्रश्न नहीं लिखा।

3. ग्रह : नक्षत्र।
: आजकल उसके ग्रह खराब चल रहे हैं।
घर : रहने की जगह।
: अभी तक शीला घर नहीं पहुंची थी।

4. अंगद : बाजूबन्द।
: अश्व पर उछलती हुई राजकुमारी का अंगद गिर गया।
अगद : रोग रहित।
: दवाई लेने पर वह अगद हो गया।

5. अंटी : कमर पर धोती की लपेट।
: ग्रामीण अंटी में पैसे रखते हैं।
अंडी : एरंड का तेल।
: अंडी कई रोगों में रामबाण साबित हो चुका है।

6. अगम : जहाँ कोई पहुँच न सके।
: यह स्थान अगम है।
आगम: शास्त्र।
: शिवपुराण, निगम पुराण आदि सब आगम ग्रंथ हैं।

7. आकर : खान खजाना।
: मेरे पिता जी गुणाकर हैं।
आचार : रीति, व्यवहार।
: व्यक्ति आचार अच्छा हो तो सर्वत्र पूजनीय होता है।

8. आदि : वगैरह।
: राम सीता व लक्ष्मण आदि सभी का अभिनय अच्छा था। आदी
: वह नशे की बुरी तरह आदी है।

9. इंदिरा : लक्ष्मी।
: विष्णु के साथ सती सावित्री इंदिरा के दर्शन हुए।
इंद्रा : इंद्र की पत्नी।
: इंद्रा की पत्नी का नाम शची भी है।
इत्र : एक सुगंधित पदार्थ।
: वह इत्र बेचने का काम करता है।

10. कंकड़ी : छोटा कांकड़।
: मुझे सोहन ने कंकड़ी मार कर जगा दिया। ककड़ी : एक फल।
: क्या आप ककड़ी खाने के बाद पानी पी गए थे?

11. कमल : एक फूल का नाम।
: सरोवर में सुंदर कमल खिले थे।
कंवल : गर्म कपड़ा।
: एक ही कंबल में पूरा परिवार जाड़े की रात काट रहा था।

12. क्षति : हानि।
: उसे इस खेल में दो लाख की क्षति उठानी पड़ी।
क्षात्र : क्षत्रीय धर्म।
: पांडवों ने क्षात्र धर्म का पालन किया।

13. खरा : शुद्ध।
: वह खरा आदमी है।
खर्रा : चिट्ठा।
: मजदूरों की मजदूरी का खर्रा तैयार हो गया है।

14. गगरा : घड़ा।
: गगरा भर कर पनिहारिन घर की ओर चली।
गड़ना : धंसना।
: उसके पाँव में कांटे गड़ने लगे थे।

15. ग्रंथ : पुस्तक।
: यह ग्रंथ कब तैयार हुआ मल्लिका?
ग्रंथि : गांठ।
: हमारे शरीर में बहुत-सी ग्रंथियाँ है।

16. घोल : घुला मिश्रण।।
: दवा घोल कर पी लो।
घोर : बहुत अधिक।
: उस पर घोर तकलीफों का पहाड़ टूट गया।

17. चिर : लंबे समय तक।
: पुत्र को चिरजीवी रहने का आदेश दिया पिता ने।
चीर : वस्त्र।
: दुर्योधन और खींच रहा था और खत्म होने का नाम ही नहीं ले रहा था।

18. छत : पाटन।
: वह मकान की छत पर चढ़ गया था।
क्षत : जख्मी।
: छाती पर गोली लगते ही वीर क्षत-विक्षत हो गया।
19. तक्र : छाछः
: महाराष्ट्र में भोजन के साथ तक्र अवश्य परोसा जाता है।
तर्क : दलील।
: आपका कोई भी तर्क मेरे गले नहीं उतर रहा था।

20. तर : गीला।
: श्याम पसीने से तर था।
मकरंद : हिंदी सामान्य
तरु : पेड़।
: एक भी तरु पर पंछी नहीं था।

21. दंश : डंसने।
: वह सर्पदंश से दम तोड़ गया।
दश : दस की संख्या
: पुस्तक का अध्याय दश अधिक लंबा लिखा गया है।

22. दायी ; देने वाला।
: दायी के आते ही घर के लोग स्वागत के लिए उठे खड़े हुए।
दाई : दासी।
: दाई के आते ही सारा घर साफ हो गया।

23. धन : रुपया पैसा।
: आपके पास कम धन तो नहीं है?
धन्य : पुण्यवान्
: आपको पुस्तक मिली है, आप धन्य हैं।

24. नहर : बनावटी नदी।
: इस नहर का क्या नाम है?
नाहर : सिंह।
: आजकल भारत में नाहरों की संख्या कम होती जा रही है।

25. पति : घरवाला।
: क्या शीला का पति भी काम करता है?
पत्ति : हिस्सा।
: इस कारोबार में मेरी दस पैसे की पत्ती है।

26. पानी : जल।
: प्यासे को पानी पिलाना पुण्य का काम है।
पाणि : विवाह।
: राधा का पाणिग्रहण सोमवार को है।

27. प्रसाद : पुजारी से मिलने वाला पदार्थ।
: रमेश मंगलवार को प्रतिदिन प्रसाद लाता है।
प्रासाद : भवन।
: सुदामा का प्रासाद देखकर नगरवासियों को ईर्ष्या हो रही थी।

28. पूर : बाढ़।
: गंगा के पूर से आस-पास की बस्तियाँ डूब गईं।
पूरी : पकवान।
: जीते जी जिसे रोटी नहीं दी उस पिता की बरसी पर गाँव के मुखिया पूरी खिला रहे थे।

29. प्रकार : तरह।
: इस अलंकार के पाँच प्रकार हैं।
प्राकार : चार दीवारी।
: भवन की प्राकार ऊँची बनाई गई।

30. प्रमाण : सुबूत।
: आखिर इसका क्या प्रमाण है आपके पास?
प्रणाम : नमस्कार।
: सुबह उठकर वह पिता को प्रणाम करता था।

31. प्राप्त : मिलना।
: आपको. जो भी प्राप्त हुआ, अच्छा था।
पर्याप्तः काफी।
: आपके लिए इतना भोजन पर्याप्त रहेगा।

32. बंदी : कैदी।
: बंदी ने आंखें खोली तो सामने राजकुमार खड़ा था।
वंदी : वंदना करने वाले।
: राजा के आते ही वंदीगण विरुदावली गाने लगे।

33. वार : दिन।
: आज सोमवार है।
वार : चोट।
: तलवार के एक ही वार से वह धराशायी हो गया।

34. मांस : गोश्त।
: हम मांसाहारी नहीं है भाई। मास : महीना।
: एक मास बीत गया, हमारा काम नहीं हुआ।

35. मेघ : बादल।
: गगन में श्याम मेघ घिर आए थे।
मेध : यज्ञ।
: अश्वमेध कब करना होगा आर्यपुत्र?

36. युक्त : उचित।
: युक्त आहार मनुष्य को सुखी रखता है।
मुक्त : बरी।
: आज वह अपनी जिम्मेदारी से मुक्त हो गया।

37. योगीश्वरः योगियों में श्रेष्ठ।
: गोरखनाथ को योगीश्वर कहा जाता है।
योगेश्वर : महादेव।
: योगेश्वर के विवाह पर सभी देवताओं को निमंत्रण भेजा गया।
: योगेश्वर भोलेनाथ की जय।

38. रत : लीन।
: वह प्रभु भक्ति में रत है।
रक्त : खून।
: पिता के माथे से रक्त देखकर पुत्र आवेश में आ गया।

39. लक्ष : लाख।
: राणा ने दो लक्ष मुद्राएं कवि को पुरस्कार में दी।
लक्ष्य : उद्देश्य।
: मेरा एक ही लक्ष्य है वह है मुक्ति प्राप्त करना।

40. रेचक : दस्तावर।
: कब्ज के लिए कोई रेचक दवा लेना उचित रहेगा।
रोचक : मन को भाने वाले।
: आप रोचक किस्से सुनाते रहे, दिन कट गया।

MP Board Class 12th Hindi Solutions

Class 12 English The Spectrum Chapter 8 Ends and Means Questions and Answers

In this article, we will share MP Board Class 12th English Solutions Chapter 8 Ends and Means Pdf, These solutions are solved subject experts from the latest edition books.

Ends and Means Class 12th Question Answer

Word Power

(A) खाली स्थानों में make से बनी phrasal verbs भरिए :

• Let’s make for the city centre and find a restaurant on the way.
• He did not make up to until she agreed to help.
• He made off as soon as he heard their car turn into the drive.
• The superb food at the hotel made up for the uncomfortable rooms.
• I cannot make out why our team declared so early.

(B) सही विकल्प को टिक (1) करें :
Answer:

1. opposite,
2. same,
3. opposite,
4. opposite,
5. same.

Comprehension

निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिए

Question 1.
Who was Swami Arvasu? [2009, 10, 14, 16]
स्वामी अर्वासु कौन थे?
Answer:
Swami Arvasu was a monk who roamed the villages along the river Ganges with his small group of followers.
स्वामी अर्वासु एक साधु थे जो अपने शिष्यों के छोटे से दल के साथ गाँव-गाँव घूमते थे।

Question 2.
What was he [Swami Arvasu] doing under the Banyan tree? [2009, 10, 18]
बरगद के पेड़ के नीचे वह क्या कर रहे थे?
Answer:
He was sitting under a Banyan tree addressing a group of the faithful. He was giving a discourse on the Gita and its relevance to the common man.

बरगद के वृक्ष के नीचे बैठकर वह अपने अनुयायियों को सम्बोधित कर रहे थे। वह गीता तथा साधारण व्यक्ति के सन्दर्भ में उसकी सार्थकता पर शिक्षा दे रहे थे।

Question 3.
With what intention did Birju join the sage’s discourse?
बिरजू ने किस मन्तव्य से साधु के प्रवचन में भाग लिया?
Answer:
Birju’s intention was to pick a pocket or two. He was searching for prosperous-looking faces.
बिरजू का उद्देश्य एक-दो लोगों की जेबें काटना था। वह अमीर दिखने वाले लोगों को ढूँढ़ रहा था।

Question 4.
How was Birju affected with Swami Arvasu’s discourse?
स्वामी अर्वासु के प्रवचन से बिरजू किस प्रकार प्रभावित हुआ?
Answer:
Swami Arvasu’s powerful discourse left a deep impression on the mind and heart of Birju. His entire life flashed before his eyes and he realized that he had completely wąsted it. So he decided to change and lead an honest life.

स्वामी अर्वासु के प्रभावशाली प्रवचनों का बिरजू के हृदय व मस्तिष्क पर गहरा प्रभाव पड़ा। उसका पूरा जीवन उसकी आँखों के सामने घूम गया और उसे लगा कि उसने अपने जीवन को बर्बाद किया है। अतः उसने अब स्वयं को बदलना चाहा और एक ईमानदार जीवन जीने का निर्णय लिया।

Question 5.
Describe in your words the conversation between the sage and the thief when Birju asked to become a disciple.
जब बिरजू ने साधु का शिष्य होना चाहा तो उनके बीच क्या वार्तालाप हुआ?
Answer:
The sage thought that Birju had come to steal and told him that he had nothing to offer but his wisdom. But Birju informed the sage that his ords had made a great impact on him and that his entire life flashed before his eyes. Birju told the sage that he now wanted to change his life and be an honest person. In fact, he wanted to repent for his past.

साधु को लगा कि बिरजू उसके पास चोरी करने आया है। इसलिए उसने बिरजू से कहा कि उसके पास ज्ञान के अलावा देने के लए कुछ नहीं है। लेकिन बिरजू ने साधु से कहा कि साधु के शब्दों ने उसके ऊपर गहरा प्रभाव छोड़ा है और वह अपना जीवन परिवर्तित कर ईमानदार व्यक्ति बनना चाहता है। वास्तव में वह अपने बीते समय के लिए पश्चाताप करना चाहता है।

Question 6.
On what condition did the sage make Birju his disciple?
साधु ने बिरजू को किस शर्त पर अपना शिष्य बनाया?
Answer:
The sage asked Birju to be very careful. He also told him that if he shows any sign of misbehavior, he would be thrown out.
साधु ने बिरजू से बहुत सावधान रहने के लिए कहा। उसने यह भी कहा कि यदि उसने [बिरजू] दुर्व्यवहार का कोई भी संकेत दिया तो वह [साधु] उसे निकाल देंगे।

Question 7.
What happened when Birju went to collect firewood? [2009]
जब बिरजू आग जलाने के लिए लकड़ी लेने गया तब क्या हुआ?
Answer:
When Birju want to collect firewood, it was pitch dark. All windows and doors were shut. Everyone seemed to be asleep. He was wondering what to do.
जब बिरजू लकड़ी लेने गया तो घोर अंधेरा था। सभी खिड़कियाँ व दरवाजे बन्द थे। सभी लोग सो रहे थे। वह सोचने लगा कि क्या किया जाये।

Question 8.
What did Birju see when he peeped into the hut? [2012, 16]
झोंपड़ी के अन्दर झाँकने पर बिरजू ने क्या देखा?
Answer:
Birju saw that a young woman, clad in a tattered sari, was sitting in front of the fireplace. A frying pan was on the fire. Two children, a girl aged five and a boy aged four, were huddled in a corner. They were thin with their bones sticking out of their torn clothes. The mother would take a few drops of water every second and sprinkle on the pan.

बिरजू ने देखा कि एक फटी साड़ी में नौजवान महिला चूल्हे के सामने बैठी है। आग पर पतीला चढ़ा है। पाँच वर्ष की लड़की और चार वर्ष का लड़का एक कोने में बैठे हैं। वे इतने कमजोर थे कि उनके फटे कपड़ों से उनकी हड्डियाँ चमक रही थीं। हर सेकण्ड पर माँ पानी की कुछ बूंदें लेकर पतीले में छिड़क रही थी।

Question 9.
How did the woman in the hut react when she saw Birju?
बिरजू को देखकर झोंपड़ी में बैठी महिला की क्या प्रतिक्रिया थी?
Answer:
The woman stood up, walked towards Birju, touched his feet and said, “Maharaj, I am indeed fortunate to have your blessed feet enter my humble abode. However, I am equally unfortunate because I have nothing to give you”.

महिला खड़ी हुई, बिरजू की ओर गई, उसके पैर छुए और बोली, “महाराज, अपनी कुटिया में आपके पवित्र चरणों को पाकर मैं सचमुच भाग्यशाली हूँ। किन्तु मेरा दुर्भाग्य है कि मेरे पास आपको देने के लिए कुछ नहीं है।”

Question 10.
How did the poor woman trick her hungry children to sleep?
गरीब महिला ने अपने भूखे बच्चों को सुलाने के लिए क्या चाल चली?
Answer:
The poor woman continued to sprinkle water on the pan and gave the children the impression that food was being cooked. With this hope, the children went to sleep.
गरीब महिला ने पतीले पर पानी छिड़कना जारी रखा और बच्चों को यह महसूस कराया कि खाना पक रहा है। इसी उम्मीद से बच्चे सो गये।

Question 11.
How did Birju help the woman feed her children?
बिरजू ने बच्चों को खाना खिलाने में महिला की सहायता किस प्रकार की?
Answer:
Seeing the condition of the children, tears yelled up in Birju’s eyes. He walked out and searched the lanes of the village and found a grocery store. He succeeded in opening the lock of the door. He carried two sacks and placed them at the woman’s feet. This is how he helped the woman feed her children.

बच्चों की दशा देखकर बिरजू की आँखों में आँसू आ गये। वह बाहर आया और गाँव की गलियों में घूमा। अन्ततः उसे एक अनाज का भण्डार मिल गया। वह उसके दरवाजे का ताला खोलने में सफल हो गया। उसने अनाज के दो बोरे उठाये और महिला के पैरों पर लाकर रख दिए। बच्चों को खाना खिलाने में बिरजू ने महिला की इस प्रकार सहायता की।

Question 12.
How did Swami Arvasu react when Birju told him what he had done?
स्वामी अर्वासु की क्या प्रतिक्रिया थी जब बिरजू ने उन्हें बताया कि उसने क्या किया
Answer:
When Birju told Swami Arvasu what he had done, he was shocked. He told Birju that a wrong action could not be justified by lame excuses. A sin is a sin. He asked Birju to leave the place next morning.

जब बिरजू ने स्वामी अर्वासु को बताया कि उसने क्या किया है, तब उन्हें गहरा धक्का लगा। उन्होंने बिरजू से कहा कि झूठे बहानों से गलत कार्य को सही नहीं ठहराया जा सकता है। पाप तो पाप है। उन्होंने बिरजू से अगली सुबह वह जगह छोड़ देने के लिए कहा।

Question 13.
What miracle did the sage and his followers witness the next morning? [2009, 17]
साधु और उसके अनुयायियों ने अगली सुबह क्या चमत्कार देखा? ।
Answer:
The sage and his followers witnessed the next morning that there was a dazzling light in the sky and a huge bird-like creature was descending from the sky. They saw a young man clad in fine clothes getting down from the Pushpak Viman.

अगली सुबह साधु एवं उसके अनुयायियों ने आकाश में तेज रोशनी देखी और एक विशाल चिड़िया के आकार वाली वस्तु उतरते देखी। उन्होंने पुष्पक विमान से सुन्दर कपड़े पहने एक नौजवान को उतरते देखा।

Question 14.
What did Swami Arvasu think on seeing the celestial vehicle?
दिव्य वाहन को देखकर स्वामी अर्वासु ने क्या सोचा?
Answer:
Seeing the celestial vehicle, Swami Arvasu thought that Lord Indra had sent his messenger to take him to heaven. He thought that the day of his Nirvana had come.
दिव्य शक्ति को देखकर स्वामी अर्वासु ने सोचा कि भगवान इन्द्र ने उसे [स्वामी को] लेने के लिए अपना दूत भेजा है। उसे लगा कि उसके निर्वाण का दिवस आ गया है।

Question 15.
What, according to Brahmadatta made Birju, the thief, nobler than Swami Arvasu, the sage? [2011]
ब्रह्मदत्त के अनुसार चोर बिरजू किस प्रकार स्वामी अर्वासु से अधिक महान् हो गया?
Answer:
According to Brahmadatta, Birju’s kind act last night surpassed all the virtuous deeds of Swami Arvasu. He said if the end is noble then the means are not all that important. Even though Birju’s means were improper, his end was virtuous.

ब्रह्मदत्त के अनुसार बिरजू का पिछली रात्रि का दयालु कृत्य स्वामी अर्वासु के सभी गुणी कार्यों से ऊपर है। उसने बताया कि यदि उद्देश्य अच्छा है तो साधन महत्वपूर्ण नहीं होते। यद्यपि बिरजू के साधन अनुचित थे, उसका उद्देश्य अच्छा था।

Question 16.
Do you think that the title of the story is suitable to its content? कहानी में दिए गये तत्व के अनुसार क्या उसका शीर्षक उचित है?
Answer:
The title of the story is suitable to its content. Though Birju was involved in theft, he wanted to help the hungry children: Thus his means were wrong but his end was virtuous.

कहानी में दिए गये तत्व के अनुसार उसका शीर्षक उचित है। यद्यपि बिरजू चोरी में लिप्त था किन्तु वह भूखे बच्चों की सहायता करना चाहता था। इस प्रकार उसका माध्यम अनुचित था किन्तु उसका उद्देश्य अच्छा था।

Language Practice

(A) निम्न वाक्यों को एक क्रिया Past simple तथा दूसरी Past continuous में उपयोग कर पूरा कीजिये।
Answer:

1. I was reading the newspaper, when suddenly I heard a loud knock on the door.
2. I phoned Gopi an hour ago. He was doing his homework.
3. I first met Megha a couple of years ago. She was working at the Royal Hospital at that time.
4. We asked Prince to come with us, but he was watching the foot ball match on T. V.
5. While I was driving to work this morning, I almost had a serious accident.
6. When we were shopping last week, we found a nice place to have coffee.

(B) Verb की Simple past या present perfect form से रिक्त स्थान भरिए :
Answer:
I was born in 1965. I first went to school in 1970. At that time I was very young. I have been at school for three years and I made many friends. My father bought me a cycle last year. I have had this cycle for one year. I had an accident last month, and I have not ridden it since then.

(C) निम्नलिखित वाक्यों के रिक्त स्थानों को Verb की simple past एवं past perfect form fy:
Answer:

1. I was late. The meeting had started an hour ago.
2. They had not come even though we sent them a special invitation.
3. It was a good story, but I had heard it before.
4. We had lost our way. We did not know what to do.
5. As soon as we had finished work, we went home.

(D) faut parceti ant going to……….but o sum fifty :
Answer:

1. I was going to the cinema, but I didn’t have any money.
2. Ashoo was going to play football, but he forgot his boots.
3. We were going to swimming, but it was too cold.
4. They were going to visit Oxford, but they didn’t have any time.
5. He was going to see the play, but there were no seats.
6. I was going to do my home work, but I had forgotten my books.

Ends And Means Summary

– Ramendra Kumar

यह अध्याय स्वामी अर्वासु नामक साधु और बिरजू नामक चोर के विषय में है। साधु अर्वासु के प्रवचन सुनकर चोर का हृदय परिवर्तन हो जाता है और वह उस साधु का शिष्य बन जाता है। एक दिन साधु उसे आग जलाने के लिए लकड़ी लाने को कहते हैं। शिष्य बिरजानन्द लकड़ी ढूँढ़ते-ढूँढ़ते एक ऐसे घर पहुँचता है जहाँ दो बच्चे और एक माँ बहुत लम्बे समय से भूखे रहकर जर्जर काया में परिवर्तित हो गये हैं। बिरजानन्द यह दृश्य देखकर द्रवित हो जाता है और पास के एक मकान में चोरी करके उस परिवार को अनाज लाकर देता है। वह अपने गुरु साधु अर्वासु के पास लौटकर उन्हें पूरी बात बताता है। साधु उसकी चोरी की बात सुनकर बेहद क्रोधित हो जाते हैं और अगले दिन प्रातः उसे स्थान छोड़ने का आदेश देते हैं। बिरजानन्द दुःखी मन से गुरु की बात मान लेता है। अगले दिन सुबह अचानक पुष्पक विमान से ब्रह्मदत्त नामक व्यक्ति वहाँ आता है। साधु अर्वासु अपने शिष्यों से कहते हैं कि भगवान इन्द्र ने उन्हें लिवाने के लिए भेजा है। किन्तु ब्रह्मदत्त बताते हैं कि उन्हें तो बिरजानन्द को साथ ले जाना है तो साधु अर्वासु कहते हैं कि वह तो चोर है। इस पर ब्रह्मदत्त साधु को समझाते हैं कि इसने गरीब की मदद करने के लिए चोरी की है, अतः यह चोर नहीं है। यद्यपि उसका तरीका अनैतिक था किन्तु बिरजानन्द का उद्देश्य नैतिक था।

The Spectrum Textbook General English Class 12th Solutions

• Teach Me to Listen, Lord Class 12 Questions And Answers
• A Friend Who Came From The Sky Class 12 Questions And Answers
• A Father’s Letter Class 12 Questions And Answers
• Wonderful World Class 12 Questions And Answers
• Ten Natural Laws of Success Class 12 Questions And Answers
• The Face on the Wall Class 12 Questions And Answers
• In the Country Class 12 Questions And Answers
• Ends and Means Class 12 Questions And Answers
• I’m Joe’s Brain Class 12 Questions And Answers
• The Hill-Top Temple Class 12 Questions And Answers
• The Rightful Inheritors of the Earth Class 12 Questions And Answers
• The Value of Man Class 12 Questions And Answers
• Forest and River Class 12 Questions And Answers
• India: Vision 2020 Class 12 Questions And Answers
• The Eyes are not Here Class 12 Questions And Answers
• The English Language Class 12 Questions And Answers
• The Fun They Had Class 12 Questions And Answers
• India through a Traveller’s Eyes Class 12 Questions And Answers

Class 12 English A Voyage Chapter 16 Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Questions and Answers

In this article, we will share MP Board Class 12th English A Voyage Solutions Chapter 16 Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Pdf, These solutions are solved subject experts from the latest edition books.

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Class 12th Question Answer

Word Power

A. Many words in their noun and verb forms remain the same. answer (noun) I could not check your answer, answer (verb) Please answer the question in short.
Now use the following words as noun and verb in meaningful sentences: care, honour, question, respect, wonder, praise, offer, hope.
Answer:

• care [N]—Take care of your health.
  care [V]—Care your child properly.
• Honour [N]—We feel honour for our nation.
  Honour [V]—Honour your elders properly.
• Question [N]—This question is out of course.
  Question [V]—The interviewer questioned me typically.
• Respect [N]—You should pay respect to your teacher.
  Respect [V]—Respect the views of your friends also.
• Wonder [N]—It is no wonder, he won the race.
  Wonder [V]—I wonder at his success.
• Praise [N]—He sent me a letter of praise at my result.
  Praise [V]—You should praise the child’s talent.
• Offer [N]—I have an offer of a good job abroad.
  Offer [V]—He offered me a help.
• Hope [N]—There is no hope of his survival.
  Hope [V]—I hope, I shall get a good position.

B. Many words are almost similar in pronunciation, but different in meaning or spelling. They are called homophones.
main—(chief): The main clause in the sentence is in the past.
mane—(long hair on the neck of a horse or lion): Mane is a lion’s pride.
Given below are some homophones. The first word in each pair is from the text. Give their meanings and use them in meaningful sentences:
soul, sole; die, dye; course, Coarse; quite, quiet; mail, male; break, brake.
Answer:

• Soul—(spirit)—Our soul is immortal.
  Sole—(only)—He is the sole owner of this property.
• Die—(to become lifeless)—He died of cancer.
  Dye—(to colour artificially)—Don’t dye your hair.
• Course—(syllabus)—This book is not prescribed in course.
  Coarse—(rough)—Mother Teresa used to wear coarse handloom sari.
• Quite—(up to an extent)—I feel quite nervous at this news.
  Quiet—(peaceful)—Keep quiet in the class.
• Mail—(postal)—It is a mail coach.
  Male—(muscular)—I have bought a male elephant.
• Break—(to be in piece)—Break this bundle of sticks.
  Brake—(a stopping device)—The brake of this car is loose.

C. Find the words in the text for the following expressions:

(a) A person in political party having conservative outlook or leaning.
(b) A person who is in favour of bringing a great and generally, violent change.
(c) A person who has had much or long experience, especially as an army man6;
(d) occurring or coming every year.
(e) A statement that orders someone to do something and threatens to punish or attack them if they do not.
(f) Use of a trick or device in the war to deceive the enemy.
Answer:
(a) rightist
(b) revolutionary
(c) seasoned
(d) annual
(e) command
(f) stratagem

Comprehension

A. Choose the correct alternative:

Question 1.
In the lesson the word ‘East’ has been used for Japan. What is the word used for England and other European countries:
(a) The South
(b) The North-West
(c) The West
(d) The South-East
Answer:
(c) The West

Question 2.
In the sentence “The Old revolutionary quietly replied” the word ‘Old revolutionary’ is used for:
(a) Ne.taji Subhas Chandra Bose
(b) Col. G.S. Dhillon
(c) Prime Minister Tojo
(d) Rash Behari Bose.
Answer:
(d) Rash Behari Bose.

Question 3.
When General Tojo was the Prime Minister of Japan?
(a) During World War I
(b) When the writer visited Japan in 1974
(c) After World War II
(d) Before World War II.
Answer:
(b) When the writer visited Japan in 1974

Question 4.
‘Netaji practised what he preached’ means:
(a) There was perfect co-ordination and uniformity in his words and actions.
(b) First he preached and then he practised.
(c) He was a man of practice and not a preacher.
(d) What he practised, he used to preach.
Answer:
(a) There was perfect co-ordination and uniformity in his words and actions.

Question 5.
In the sentence “The enemy officers used to mock at the statement”, who are referred ‘ to’as “enemy officers”?
(a) The British officers
(b) The Japanese officers
(c) The Burmese officers
(d) The enemy officers in the INA.
Answer:
(a) The British officers

B. Answer the following questions in one sentence each:

Question 1.
Why did Netaji cross the seas and go to a foreign land? .
Answer:
Netaji crossed the sea and went to a foreign land to find a solution for India’s foreign rule.

Question 2.
When Netaji went to Japan, Indians were subject people. How are we today?
Answer:
Today, we are free arid sovereign people.

Question 3.
Who was second-in-command of the Japanese Imperial Army General Staff?
Answer:
General Seizo Arisue was second-in-command of the Japanese Imperial Army General Staff.

Question 4.
What did Netaji do before dealing with a situation?
Answer:
Before dealing with a situation, Netaji used to read well and do his horriework to observe and understand the task well.

Question 5.
How did Netaji improve his ment by punishing or by counselling them?
(M.P. Board 2015)
Answer:
Netaji improved his men by counselling them both individually and collectively.

Question 6.
What was Netaji’s proposal during the annual session of the Indian National Congress?
Answer:
Netaji proposed that the congress should at once send an ultimatum to the British government demanding independence within six months or prepare immediately for a national struggle.

Question 7.
What did the British rulers think Indian people would do if the I.N.A. Trials were held?
Answer:
The British rulers thought that the Indian people specially the soldiers would appreciate the British action against the INA office. .

Question 8.
What was guaranteed to the people in the proclamation of the Provisional Government of Azad Hind?
Answer:
It guaranteed religious liberty as well as equal rights and equal opportunities to all its citizens.

C. Answer the following questions in about 60 words each:

Question 1.
What did GeneralSeizo Arisue inform Rash Bihari Bose and what was Rash Bihari’s reaction? (M.P. Board 2016)
Answer:
During the INA crisis, once Rash Bihari Bose was invited by General Seizo Arisue who was second-in-command of the Japanese Imperial Army General Staff. Seizo invited him in order to know his mind about Netaji’s coming. He asked Mr. Bose discreetly, if Netaji was desirous of coming there and he wondered how Mr. Bose would treat Netaji. Rash Bihari Bose, the old revolutionary quietly replied that Netaji was a born leader and he (Bose) would of course, be quite pleased to ask him (Netaji) to take over from him.

Question 2.
Narrate the author’s meeting and conversation with General Fujiwara during his Japan visit in 1947.
Answer:
The author narrates his meeting and conversation with General Fujiwara during his visit
to Japan in the autumn of 1974. They were passing along General Tojo’s house, reminiscing of the war days. The author asked the General about Prime Minister Tojo’s opinion about Netaji. Fujiwara replied that general Tojo was very much impressed with Netaji. He even said, “If there exists a man of the century, he is one whom I met today.” Fujiwara believed that if Netaji had arrived in the East a year earlier, they would have won the war.

Question 3.
How did Netaji give expression to his compassion for his men? Give one example.
Answer:
Netaji was a highly caring leader. He cared not only for the honour, welfare and comfort of his soldiers but also respected their feelings. He had a compassionate nature. His soldiers were overwhelmed with his concerns for them. Some of the examples of his compassionate behaviour were like sending a pair of boots to a sepoy with instructions to Regimental Commander to see personally that it fitted the man and report back to Netaji, helping his own staff officers to wash hands by pouring water and offering his own towel to scrub hands. There are many other examples.

Question 4.
How can you say that Netaji had a gift of judging the character of his men?
Answer:
Netaji was extraordinarily a rare leader. His men felt happy, proud and lucky to do and die under his command. He had a gift of judging the character of the man which served him to put the right man at the right place at the right time and on the right job. He picked up some of the soldiers from the dust and made heroes out of them.

Question 5.
What was Netaji’s way of dealing with defaulters? (M.P. Board 2010)
Answer:
Netaji had a tremendous power of judging a man’s character. So, he always chose the right man for a right job. He never failed to appreciate when appreciation was due. A good word from him made the soldiers to strive to do their job well. He had a very kind heart. He never punished anybody. He always gave a defaulter an advice, in a way that the defaulter may get a chance to improve himself.

Question 6.
How did Netaji’s love and appreciation bring a change in his men?
Answer:
Netaji was an ideal leader. He took care of all his sub-ordinates with compassion. He appreciated when appreciation was due. He never punished anyone. Instead, he advised them to realise their weakness and improve them. His men were so much impressed with him that they were ready to do anything for him’under his command. His appreciation made them feel proud.

Question 7.
Give an example of Netaji’s power of observation and prediction of some future events in war.
Answer:
Netaji had a remarkable power of observation and could predict on the forthcoming situation eventfully and correctly. In order to highlight this quality, the author gives an example. Once, Netaji wrote a small note to the author on the margin of the routine order. It was scribbled in his own hand. He told the author that as the mail was getting ready to be dispatched, he waited to advise him that instead of expecting the enemy at a particular point, he should watch at a certain other point. He gave 6-figured map reference. The note was written about 5,000 kilometers away from the author but it was accurate.

Question 8.
What was Netaji’s firm faith about the freedom of India and what did the British officers think about that?
Answer:
Netaji was very much confident that India would get freedom. He used to say often, “There is no power on earth that can keep India enslaved. India shall be free and before long.” The enemy officers used to mock at the statement. They thought it just illusory and a face’saving device. Actually, Netaji had a plan which was beyond the comprehension of professional soldiers.

Question 9.
How did the high spirits of the INA bring a change in the minds and actions of the Indian soldiers in the British forces?
Answer:
Netaji always worked with far-sightedness. He kept the INA on the field even in the face of defeat. He wanted his soldiers to pay the price of liberty not only when they were on the advance but also during the retreat while going away from India not to win a territory but to continue fighting against the British forces who were holding India in perpetual bondage. These forces consisted of a greater number of the Indian soldiers who paused and pondered as to why the INA with their poor strength and poorer equipment, yet higher spirit were fighting against the British. It created a psychological revolution. The war ended and with it ended the slavish mentality of the Indian soldiers. Such was the vision and plan of action of Netaji.

Question 10.
The author says that “Netaji had a compassionate nature”. Prove the truth of the statement by giving some examples from the lesson.
Answer:
Netaji was a highly caring leader. He cared not only for the honour, welfare and comfort of his soldiers but also respected their feelings. He had a compassionate nature. His soldiers were overwhelmed with his concerns for them. Some of the examples of his compassionate behaviour were like sending a pair of boots to a sepoy with instructions to Regimental Commander to see personally that it fitted the man and report back to Netaji, helping his own staff officers to wash hands by pouring water and offering his own towel to scrub hands. There are many other examples.

D. Answer the following questions in about 75-100 words each:

(i) How did Netaji act in the following situations and with what result?
(a) When he had to meet somebody.
(b) In making the best use of the abilities of his men.
Answer:
Netaji was a seasoned man. He was polite, courteous and well behaved. He had the capacity to manage every situation in his favour. He had the tremendous power to judge a man. Before dealing with anyone or any situation, he used to read and do homework about that situation. He was always careful about the man to whom he had to meet. He took care of the honour and position of the man.

He had a compassionate nature. He always respected other’s feelings. He had a gift of judging the character of a man which served him to put the right man at the right place, at the right time and on the right track. He never failed to appreciate when appreciation was due.

Question 2.
Narrate the episode which surprised the author at the accuracy of Netaji’s power of judgement regarding an eventuality.
Answer:
Netaji had a tremendous power of judgement regarding an eventuality. He could observe and predict accurately. Once the author was surprised when Nejtaji wrote a small note on – the margin of a routine order. He had advised him that instead of expecting the enemy at the particular point, he should also watch at certain other point. He gave 6 figured map reference. The note was written in Rangoon about 5,000 kilometers away from the author. When the author received Netaji’s note, he was surprised at the accuracy of Netaji’s judgement. The author was already facing the enemy where Netaji had pointed out to watch. This was a measure of Netaji’s skill at generalship.

Question 3.
Write a short note on Netaji’s military foresight.
Answer:
Netaji’s power of observation was remarkable. He had a tremendous military foresight. He was always accurate in his predictions or guess. There are many incidents that the author talks about here in order to prove his military foresight. One such incident was that Netaji during the annual session of the Indian National Congress at Tripuri in Jabalpur in 1939 made a proposal to send an ultimatum to the British government, demanding independence within six months or they would prepare immediately for a national struggle. His proposal, though opposed, was based on his appreciation of the European situation which was something beyond the understanding of the political leaders but the prediction turned to be correct. The war did break out within 6 months on 3rd September, 1939.

Question 4.
How did the Indian people and the Indian soldiers in British army react when the INA Trials of the three great INA heroes began?
Answer:
The INA trial of the three military officers in India was a memorable event which brought about many changes in the Indian mass and the soldiers. When the British started this trial at the Red Fort, they thought that the Indian people especially the soldiers would appreciate the British action against the INA officers. However, just the reverse happened.

As soon as the first INA trial of the three front-line commanders started on 5th November, 1945, within a week disturbances broke out in Lahore followed by that in Lucknow and then Kolkata where hundreds of demonstrators were injured and twenty killed in police firing. Even after the first trial in which the three accused officers were released by the commander-in-chief, the public demand to stop the future INA trials continued. It gave rise to anti-British sentiments culminating in the mutiny in various regiments all over India. The days of the British Raj in India were close to their end.

Question 5.
Write a note on the secular character of Netaji and his Provisional Government of Azad Hind.
Answer:
Netaji was a man of great qualities. He was a great humanist, a seasoned commander, a compassionate leader, a perfect visionary and a staunch secularist. The author had full confidence that they would get absolute justice from him a. id his government the forerunner of our government today. The complete personality and all embracing ideas are distilled in the last but one para of the Proclamation provisional Government of Azad Hind.

In that Proclamation, Netaji said that the Provisional Government is entitled to and hereby claim the allegiance of every Indian. It guarantees religious liberty as well as equal rights and equal opportunities to all its citizens. It declared its firm resolve to pursue the happiness and prosperity of the whole nation and of all its parts, cherishing all the children of the nation equally and transcending all the differences cunningly fostered by alien government in the past. It was a complete vision of Netaji.

Question 6.
There is a contradiction in the statement “Netaji’s power of generalship.,..turned the defeat of the INA into the defeat of the British Raj”. Prove the truth of the statement on the basis of the text.
Answer:
This statement highlights the far-sightedness and military observation of Netaji. As he had a tremendous power of calculating the future situation, his guess and predictions were always accurate. When he proposed for sending an ultimatum to British government demanding independence within six months he was waging the future events. The war broke out within six months. He had a plan which was beyond the comprehension of professional soldiers.

He kept the INA in the field even in the face of defeat. It created a psychological revolution. The war ended and with it ended the slavish mentality of the Indian army. It gave rise to anti-Raj activity all over India even in the military camps of Bombay, Karachi and Jabalpur. Netaji’s plan of action had transformed the British Indian army into the Indian army. His powers of generalship turned the defeat of the INA into the defeat of the British Raj.

Question 7.
In what respect can Netaji’s Provisional Government of Azad Hind be called the forerunner of our Government today?
Answer:
Netaji was a great visionary. He had the power of accurate analysis of any situation. In order to find a solution to Indian freedom, he crossed the sea and organised his own army. His approach to Indian freedom was not supported by the rightist leaders in India. It was his quality that the author was first confident about to get absolute justice from him and his government the forerunner of the government today. The Indian Constitution after the freedom accepted the high ideal of equality, justice, secularism which were the vision of Netaji.

Question 8.
Make a general assessment of Netaji as:
(a) a man of brave but kind heart, and
(b) a man of keen insight and foresight.
Answer:
(a) Netaji was a complete man. He practised what he preached. He cared not only for the honour, welfare and comfort of his soldiers but also respected their feelings. He had a compassionate nature. His soldiers were overwhelmed with his concerns individually and collectively, like sending a pair of boots to a sepoy with instructions to Regimental Commander to see personally that it fitted the man and report back to Netaji, helping his own staff officers to wash hands by pouring water and offering his own towel to scrub hands, shedding tears with a lump in his throat on hearing about the difficulties of his soldiers and taking immediate steps to supply relief. He was a rare leader of men in war.

(b) He had power of observation. He was gifted with insight and foresight and whatever he did was accurate in result. He did whatever he could for the freedom of India. By putting INA in war, he proved how a defeating soldier can win a greater victory. The defeat in war of the British Indian Army gave a new identity to the Indian Army. It transformed the whole scene. So, what he did was beyond comprehension of a professional soldier.

Question 9.
Explain the spirit of the last but one para of the Proclamation of the Provisional Government of Azad Hind.
Answer:
Netaji’s complete personality is revealed in the distilled form in the last but one para of the Proclamation of Provisional Government of Azad Hind. In this proclamatory para, he talks about the ideas of his government. A political loyalty is claimed on the part of the government, for it guarantees religious liberty as well as equal rights and equal opportunities to all its citizens. It declares its firm resolve to pursue the happiness and prosperity of the whole nation and of all parts, cherishing all the children of the nation equally and transcending all the differences cunningly fostered by alien government in the past. In short, Netaji wished for a welfare and complete democratic government.

Grammar

Note the use of verbs in bold in the following sentences from the text:
(a) I wonder how you would treat him.
(b) May I know how long will it take me to get into touch with the enemy?
(c) They at least will not forget him as long as they live, but I hope those who will come after them will also gratefully remember this magnificent man.

The verbs wonder, know, forget, hope and remember have a typical character. These verbs cannot be used in continuous tense, even when they are describing the real present. It is because of the fact that they are related to a condition, behaviour or action which is not In speaker’s conscious control. They occur or take place whether the speaker likes it or not. Take a very common example:

I see a man outside. He is looking at me. You see if your eyes are open, but you look at
something when attention is added to the action. Other verbs of this category are: hear, have (=to possess), be (except passive), notice, recognize, smell and taste (when used without an object), believe, feel (that), think (that), know, understand, remember, forget, mean, want, wish, forgive, refuse, love, hate, like, dislike, seem, belong to, consist of, own, possess, etc.

But when such verbs are used with ‘always’ or ‘for ever’ in the sense of ‘all the times, especially at present’ they can be used in present continuous tense: He is always seeing dreams of wonderlands. Exception to such verb is: I am seeing the Minister tomorrow (in the sense of meeting).

A. Now make the correct use of the verb given in brackets. (Present simple or continuous)

1. I ………….. (think) of moving out of this house.
2. I ………… (know) him very well.
3. They …………. (meet) me tomorrow in the office.
4. He ……………. (always, see) ghosts in the dark.
5. You ……………. (suppose) you shall be spared?
6. I ………………. (just, think) that you might come.
7. I ……………… (see) a bird in the tree, It (sing).
8. I ……………… (think) that now I (know) how to use the verbs of perception.
9. My mother …………….. (always, feel) sick when she sees a dirty place.
10. I …………….. (certainly, forget) your face.
Answers:

1. am thinking
2. know
3. are meeting
4. always sees
5. Do—suppose
6. am just thinking
7. See – is singing
8. am thinking -Know
9. always feels
10. am certainly forgetting

B. Correct the following sentences:

1. She is refusing to go out in the cold.
2. I am not remembering what you said.
3. This boy is now understanding the present continuous tense.
4. The judge now hears the arguments.
5. When do you see him? On Monday?
6. I see him tomorrow morning.
7. I do not feel well today.
8. I am hearing a noise outside.
9. I am having a lot of books.
10. Don’t disturb him. He thinks deeply.
Answers:

1. She refuses to go out In the cold/She refuse d to go out In the cold.
2. I don’t remember what you said.
3. This boy now understands the present continuous tense.
4. The judge is now hearing the arguments.
5. When are you seeing him? On Monday? When will you see him? On Monday?
6. I will see him tomorrow morning.
7. I am not feeling well today.
8. I hear a noise outside.
9. I have a lot of books.
10. Don’t disturb him. He is thinking deeply

Read the following sentences from the text and mark the uses of ’it’in them.

• It was this relationship which kept up our morale.
• It was scribbled in his own hand.
• How long will it take me to get into touch with the enemy?

In these sentences. ‘it’has different connotations.

• In the first sentence, it is use is anticipatory which refers to the following words-
  ‘this relationship’.
• In the second sentence, ‘it’ is used as a pronoun for the words ‘the note’ in the previous sentence in the text.
• In the third sentence ‘it’ is used as an introductory ‘It’ to know the length of time.

The following are the ways in which one can use ‘it’ in a sentence:

• As a pronoun for something lifeless or for animals in general sense:
  e.g.: The cat is a domestic animal. It mews.
• As a pronoun for a baby where gender is not known:
  e.g.: The baby is sleeping. It has been fed.
• Anticipatory use of it refers to a phrase or a statement in the sentence:
  e.g.: It is better to go home early.
• In place of a noun clause in a complex sentence:
  e.g.: It is not known who did it (Who did it is not known).
• To tell the time by watch and to talk about weather or season. It is 9.30 by my watch.
  e.g.: It is very cold today. It is winter now.
• To tell a distance or length of time:
  e.g.: It will take 6 hours to reach the destination. It Is 6 miles from here. You should hire a taxi.
• To emphasize a certain part of a sentence (a word or a phrase)
  e.g.: It was at 9.00 pm that he arrived here.
  e.g.: It was Mohan who did it.
• In some traditional expressions: It does not matter.
  e.g.: it is all right.
  e.g.: it is of no use.
  Who is there? it is me over here.

A. Now reframe the sentences with anticipatory ‘it’.

(i) That the earth and atmosphere are getting warm is clear to all.
(ii) Who stole the book is not clear.
(iii) That we are losing our morals is a matter bf great concern.
(iv) What is the fate of a man is known to God only.
(v) When they wilt come has not been intimated to us.
Answers:
(i) It is clear to all that the earth and atmosphere are getting warm.
(ii) It is not clear who stole the book.
(iii) It is a matter of great concern that we are losing our morals.
(iv) It is known to God only what is the fate of a man.
(v) It has not been intimated to us when they will come.

B. Begin the sentences with introductory ‘it’.
(i) To die for the nation is a glorious act.
(ii) To yawn before others,is bad manners.
(iii) To travel in a bullock cart is a pleasure.
(iv) To think and ponder upon is essential.
(y) To err is human.
(vi) To forgive is divine.
Answers:
(i) It is a glorious act to die for the nation.
(ii) It is bad manners to yawn before others.
(iii) It is a pleasure to travel in a bullock cart.
(iv) It s essential to think and ponder.
(v) It is human to err.
(vi) It is divine to forgiver

Speaking Activity

After a careful study of the lesson, you must have reached the conclusion that Netaji was a man of action, During the Independence Movement, he favoured Direct action and told, “You give me blood; I shall give you freedom”.

In this background, arrange the class (as in assembly hail) into two groups on the right, “Ayes” who will support the proposal, and on the left, the “Nays” who will sit in the opposition. The teacher will act as the speaker of the House. He will put forward the proposal for discussion and get it passed. The proposal will be:
“Not words but only deeds can make a nation great and strong”.
After the discussion for an hour, the Speaker will arrange for voting in favour of or against the proposal, On the basis of the majority vote, the proposal he declared passed or rejected.
Answer:
Arrange this discussion class under the guidance of your teacher. In the text, there occurs a sentence, “those who will come after then will also grateful remember this management man .who lived and died so that India could be great”.

During the 1857 War of Indian Independence, Rani Lami Bai of Jhansi was the one who
fought for the Suraj’ (Swarajya) and died fighting for her motherland. Given below are some outlines. On the basis of these, compose a short biographical sketch of the
Rani of Jhansi.

• born 19th November 1835 at Bithoor near Kanpur; childhood name.Manu,
• father—Moropant; playmates .Tantya Tope, Nana Saheb
• married to Gangadhar Rao, the king of Jhansi; A son born, died soon.
• adopted Damodar Rao, son of a near relative; husband died, 21st Nos’. 1853.
• proposal to British Governor General to recognize the adopted son as Successor to
  the throne; proposal rejected.
• Jhansi was attacked by Col. Rose on 23rd March, 1857; fierce battle.
• Rani said, “I shall not give up my Jhansi.”
• Fort of Jhansj fell. Reached Gwallor, captured Gwallor fort.
• died fighting on 18th June 1857

Answer:
Rani Laxmi Bai was born 19th November 1835 at Bithoor near Kanpur. Her childhood name was Manu. She was the daughter of Moropant and her playmates were Tantya
Tope and Nana Saheb. She was married o Gangadhar Rao the king of Jhansi. She gave birth to a son who died soon. Later, they adopted Damodar Rao the son of a relative. Her husband died on 21st November. 1853. Her proposal for recognition of her adopted son as a successor was rejected by the British government. It grew in rivalry with the government and she was attacked by Col. Roce on 23rd March 1857. There was a fierce battle, As, she was commit-ted to Jhansi, she was in no way reluctant to give It up. A part of Jhansi fort fell and she reached Gwalior, which was captured by the government. She died fighting on 18th June. 1857. She was a great warrior and a dedicated freedom fighter.

Think it Over

Had Netaji been amongst us today. how had he been a source of inspiration to you? Think over it and discuss among others.
Answer:
Do It yourself.

Things to Do

A. Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose. Rash Bihari Bose, Mahatma Gandhi. Jawaharlal Nehru and many other great freedom fighters inspired thousands of young men and women to take part in the Indian Independence Movement. You might have some freedom fighters in your locality or adjoining town or city. Divide your class into 4 or 5 groups and organize a week-end programme for holding interviews with them.

Record your impressions on the following points:
(i) What or who inspired them?
(ii) What were the conditions prevailing in the society those days?
(iii) How did they protest against the British Rule?
(iv) What tortures had they to suffer?
(v) What were their feelings when India became free?
(vi) Did their hopes of a free India come true?
Answer:
Do it yourself.

B. Compose an appeal, to be circulated among your fellow-students and others,for voluntary blood donation, focusing on the following points:

• It is an act of charity.
• It saves lives.
• Thousands of new-born and sick die due to lack of blood.
• Blood donation does not leave any adverse effect on the body.
• Facilities for donation are available at of district hospitals.
• Blood-banks preserve it for emergency requirements.
• Only healthy blood is accepted.
• Request all people to he God on Earths.

Answer:

Donate Blood Make The World Live
Participate Generously For Pious Reasons:

• Act of charity
• Save lives
• No adverse effect
• Facilities every where
• Only healthy blood accepted
• Be God on earth

Live And Let Live

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose by Col. G.S. Dhillon Introduction

It is an excerpt of From My Bones—Memoirs of Col. Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon of the Indian Natio nal Army. This essay records some of the unique qualities of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose.

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Summary in English

It is an excerpt of (From my Bones Memoirs of Col. Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon of the Indian National Army.) This essay records some of the unique qualities of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose. The writer says that Subhas Chandra Bose will always be remembered for his stamina which led him across the sea in search of the answer for India’s freedom. He was a multi faceted personality. Leaders of his time remembered him for his qualities. Rabindra Nath Tagore called him Deshnayak Leader of the Country.

Netaji practised what he preached. He was always deeply concerned with the honour, welfare and comfort of his soldiers and respected their feelings. He had a compassionate nature. He overwhelmed the soldiers with his concern for them individually and collectively. His soldiers were ready to anything for him. It was this relationship that kept their morale high, in spite of all their difficulties and deficiencies.

Netaji was a seasoned army man. He used to read a lot and do his homework on the subject, he had to deal with. He was gifted with a quality of judging the character of the man which served him, to put the right man at the right place at the right time and on the right job. He never failed to appreciate when appreciation was due. He was so kind-hearted that he never punished anybody. He always gave a chance and advice to a defaulter to improve himself. He had a remarkable power of observation and could predict an eventuality correctly. The author remembers many such incidents.

Netaji had a keen military foresight. Once in March, 1939 during the annual session of the Indian National Congress at Tripuri in Jabalpur, he proposed to send an ultimatum to the British government to free India within six months or they should prepare themselves for national struggle. He was opposed by the right wing but what Netaji predicted came true. He had a belief that no power on earth can keep India enslaved. The army officers used to mock at this belief, which they thought was illusory and a face saving device.

Actually, Netaji had a plan which was beyond the comprehension of professional soldiers. Netaji’s stratagem had transformed the British Indian Army into the Indian Army. The days of the British Raj in India were close to their end. Netaji was a staunch secularist. The author believed that they were sure to get absolute justice through him and his government. He was really a great man.

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Summary in Hindi

यह पाठ My Bones-Memoirs of Col. Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon of the Indian National Army का एक अंश है। इसमें नेताजी सुभाष चंद्र बोस के कुछ गुणों की चर्चा की गई है।

लेखक कहता है कि सुभाष चंद्र बोस हमेशा अपने जुझारूपन के लिए याद किए जाएँगे जो उन्हें भारत की आज़ादी का समाधान ढूँढ़ने के लिए समुद्रपार विदेश की धरती पर ले गया। वे एक बहुमुखी प्रतिभा के व्यक्ति थे। उनके समय के नेता लोग उनके गुणों को याद करते थे। रविन्द्रनाथ टैगोर ने उन्हें ‘देशनायक’-देश का नेता कहा था।

नेताजी वही करते थे जो कहते थे। वे हमेशा अपने सिपाहियों की प्रतिष्ठा, उनके कल्याण और सुविधा के प्रति सजग थे और उनकी भावनाओं का आदर करते थे। उनका स्वभाव सद्भावपूर्ण था। वे सिपाहियों को उनके प्रति अपनी सजगता से व्यक्तिगत एवं सामूहिक रूप से भाव-विहल कर देते थे। उनके सिपाही उनके लिए कुछ भी करने को तैयार थे। यही संबंध था जो किसी भी कठिनाई और अभाव के बावजूद उनके मनोबल को ऊँचा रखता था।

नेताजी एक अनभवी सेनानायक थे। वे किसी भी परिस्थिति का पहले गहन अध्ययन करते थे। उनमें किसी भी व्यक्ति को परखने की देवी क्षमता थी जो उन्हें सही व्यक्ति को सही जगह, सही समय और सही काम में लगाने में मदद करती थी। जहाँ प्रशंसा की ज़रूरत होती वहाँ कभी भी प्रशंसा करने में वे चूकते नहीं थे। वे इतने दयालु थे कि कभी भी किसी को उन्होंने दण्ड नहीं दिया। ये हमेशा गलती करने वाले को अबसर और सुधरने की सलाह देते थे। उनमें सूक्ष्म अवलोकन की गजब शक्ति थी और वे किसी भी आकस्मिक घटना का बिल्कुल सही आकलन कर लेते थे। लेखक बहुत-सी ऐसी घटनाओं को याद करता
नेताजी में सूक्ष्म सैन्य दूरदर्शिता थी।

एक बार मार्च, 1999 में भारतीय राष्ट्रीय कांग्रेस के वार्षिक अधिवेशन के दौरान उन्होंने प्रस्ताव रखा कि अंग्रेज सरकार को चेतावनी भेजी जाए। छहः महीने के अंदर वे तुरंत भारत को आजाद करें अन्यथा उन्हें राष्ट्रीय संघर्ष के लिए तैयार होना चाहिए। कट्टरवादियों द्वारा इसका विरोध किया गया लेकिन नेताजी ने जो कहा वह सच हुआ। उनका विश्वास था कि कोई भी ताकत भारत को गुलाम नहीं रख सकती। अंग्रेज अधिकारी इस बात का मज़ाक उड़ाते थे और उन्हें लगता था यह भ्रामक विचार है और मुँह छिपाने का बहाना है। वास्तव में नेताजी के मन में ऐसी योजना थी जो सामान्य सैनिक के समझ से परे थी। नेताजी की नीतियों ने ब्रिटिश शासन की नींद उड़ा दी। नेताजी कट्टर धर्म-निरपेक्ष थे। लेखक को विश्वास था कि उनके या उनकी सरकार में सभी को पूर्ण न्याय मिलेगा। वे निस्संदेह महान व्यक्ति थे।

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Word Meanings

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Important Pronunciations

Read f he following passages carefully and answer the questions that follow:

‘The question to all of us is then: Will Subhas be remembered by the generations to come? I.think he will. At least it was for this recompense that his restless soul traversed oceans and foreign lands in search of an answer to India’s freedom. It is too horrible to think that he is no longer amongst us. To his colleagues, he will remain ever alive, ever green and immortal.

He imposed on them his vivid personality so well and they at least will not forget him as long as they live, but I hope those who will come after them will also gratefully remember this magnificent man, born to be a ‘grand signeur’ who lived and died, so that India could be great and so that men and women of our race may not have to be born into this world with the stigma of being a subject people and not free and independent as we are today.’ (Page 115)

Questions:
(i) Which question haunted the author?
(ii) Find the word from the above passage which is similar In meaning to ‘terrible’?
(iii) Give noun form of ‘Imposed’.
(iv) Find a word in the passage which is opposite to ‘ordinary’?
Answers:
(i) The question that haunted the author was that if Netaji would be remembered by
the generations to come.
(ii) ‘Horrible’ has similar meaning to ‘terrible’.
(iii) ‘Imposition’ is the noun form of ‘imposed’.
(iv) ‘Magnificent’ is opposite to ‘ordinary’.

2. Netaji cared not only for the honour, welfare and comfort of his soldiers but also respected their feelings. He had a compassionate nature. He overwhelmed us with his concern for us individually and collectively, like sending a pair of boots to a sepoy with instructions to Regimental Commander to see personally that it fitted the man and report back to Netaji, helping his own staff officers to wash hands by pouring water and offering his own towel to scrub hands, shedding tears with a lump in his throat on hearing about our difficulties and taking immediate steps to supply relief.

Such spontaneous feelings coming out of his heart, made him extraordinarily a rare leader of men in war. His men felt happy, proud and lucky to do and die under his command. It was this relationship which kept up our morale in spite of all our difficulties and deficiencies. (Page 116)

Questions:
(i) What did Netaji care for?
(ii) Find the word similar in meaning to ‘excited’.
(iii) Give noun form of ‘compassionate’.
(iv) Find a word opposite in meaning to ‘deliberate’.
Answers:
(i) Netaji cared for the honour, welfare and comfort of his soldiers but valued their ^ feelings as well.
(ii) ‘Overwhelmed’ has similar meaning to’excited’.
(iii) ‘Compassion’ is the noun form of ‘compassionate’.
(iv) ‘Spontaneous’ has opposite meaning to ‘deliberate’.

3. Netaji’s guess was accurate. I took my command in mid November 1944.1 got to grips with the enemy early in February 1945. Another example of Netaji’s military foresight is when in March 1939, during the annual session of the Indian National Congress at Tripuri in Jabalpur (M.P.), he proposed that the Congress should at once send an ultimatum to the British Government demanding independence within six months and should prepare immediately for a national struggle. The proposal was opposed by the rightist leaders. Netaji’s proposal was based on his appreciation of the European situation which was something beyond the understanding of our political leaders. But Netaji’s prediction turned out to be correct. (Page 117) (M.P. Board 2012)

Questions:
(i) Which proposal was opposed by the rightist leaders?
(ii) The author took command in:
(a) Mid November 1944.
(b) Mid February 1945.
(c) March 1939.
(d) November 1945.
(iii) One word from passage for “telling in advance what is going to happen in future” is:
(a) ultimate.
(b) tuned.
(c) predict.
(d) proposed.
(iv) The annual session of the Indian National Congress was held in 1939 at
Answers:
(i) Netaji’s proposal of sending an ultimatum to British Government demanding independence was opposed by the rightist leaders.
(ii) (a) Mid November 1944.
(iii) (c) predict.
(iv) Tripuri in Jabalpur (M.P.)

4. It created a psychological revolution. The war ended and with it ended the slavish mentality of the Indian soldier. When the British started INA trials in the Red Fort, they thought that the Indian people especially the soldiers would appreciate the British action against the INA officers. Reverse was the case. As soon as the first INA trial of the three front-line commanders started on 5th November 1945, within a week, disturbances broke out in Lahore, then in Lucknow and in Calcutta (now Kolkata) where hundreds of demonstrators were injured and twenty killed in police firing. Even after the first INA trial in which the three accused officers were released by the Commander-in-Chief, the public demand to stop the future INA trials continued. Anti-British Raj feelings kept on ‘ rising unabated. (Page 117)

Questions:
(i) What was the result of the war? What change did it bring to Indian soldiers?
(ii) Give a word opposite in meaning to ‘forward’.
(iii) Give a word similar in meaning to ‘obstacle’.
(iv) Make noun with the word ‘created’.
Answers:
(i) The war resulted in defeat. It ended the slavish mentality of Indian soldiers. It also gave rise to anti-British Raj feelings.
(ii) ‘Reverse’ is opposite to ‘forward’.
(iii) ‘Disturbance’ has similar meaning to ‘obstacle’.
(iv) ‘Creation’ is the noun form of ‘created’.

5. Having shown Netaji’s powers of generalship which turned the defeat of the INA into the defeat of the British Raj, let me record that another great asset in Netaji’s being was that he was a staunch secularist. Whatever our religion and the area or the station of our birth, we had full confidence that we would get absolute justice from him and his Government the forerunner of our Government today. To show how his mind worked in this direction, his brief but an all embracing idea of independence is shown in distilled form in the last but one para of the proclamation of Provisional Government of Azad Hind. (Page 118)

Questions:
(i) What quality of Netaji is talked about here? What did the author feel about Netaji?
(ii) Give adverb form of ‘absolute’.
(iii) Give a word similar in meaning to ‘complete’.
(iv) Give opposite in meaning to ‘quote’.
Answers:
(i) His quality of being a secularist is talked about here. The author felt sure to get absolute justice from Netaji and his government.
(ii) ‘Absolutely’ is the adverb form of ‘absolute’.
(iii) ‘Absolute’ is similar in meaning.
(iv) ‘Unquote’ is the opposite to ‘quote’ to ‘complete’

MP Board Class 12th English A Voyage Textbook (Fiction and Drama)

• Invocation Class 12 Questions And Answers
• The Diamond Necklace Class 12 Questions And Answers
• Goodbye Party for Miss Pushpa T.S. Class 12 Questions And Answers
• Dream-Children: A Reverie Class 12 Questions And Answers
• Our Casuarina Tree Class 12 Questions And Answers
• If the Well Goes Dry Class 12 Questions And Answers
• A Prayer for My Daughter Class 12 Questions And Answers
• The Beggar Class 12 Questions And Answers
• After Apple-Picking Class 12 Questions And Answers
• On Umbrella Morals Class 12 Questions And Answers
• My Father Travels Class 12 Questions And Answers
• Youth and the Tasks Ahead Class 12 Questions And Answers
• On His Being Arrived at the Age of Twenty-three Class 12 Questions And Answers
• Albert-Einstein at School Class 12 Questions And Answers
• To Autumn Class 12 Questions And Answers
• Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Class 12 Questions And Answers
• The Last Ride Together Class 12 Questions And Answers
• The Abominable Snowman Class 12 Questions And Answers
• The Gita and Swadharma Class 12 Questions And Answers
• Swami and Friends Class 12 Questions And Answers
• The Silver Box Class 12 Questions And Answers

Class 12 English A Voyage Chapter 18 The Abominable Snowman Questions and Answers

Students can also download MP Board 12th Model Papers to help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

The Abominable Snowman Class 12th Question Answer

Word Power

A. Fill in the blanks with the words given below: .
(tracks, lunatic, outlaws, forestalled, sarcasm, affirm, trivial, inconceivable, delicious,
trodden)

1. The police are looking for a band of who are involved in yesterday’s bank robbery.
2. Bank robbery is not a offence.
3. The expedition took us to places where no one had before.
4. The police reached the culprits by following the left by their car in the mud.
5. He wanted to retire early but hisplan was by unforeseen events.
6. The food at the restaurant we visited last night was
7. He praised me for my efforts but there was a hint of in his praise.
8. She worked hard but still failed. It was
9. The police charged the man of theft but he continued to that he was innocent.
10. The man was mentally ill. They said he was a
Answer:

1. outlaws
2. trivial
3. trodden
4. tracks
5. forestalled
6. delicious
7. sarcasm
8. inconceivable
9. affirm
10. lunatic.

B. Finish the following crossword puzzle:

Across:

1. A young person with unusual or remarkable qualities or abilities (7)
3. A report sent quickly by one military officer to another (8)
8. The care and treatment of hands and nails (8)
9. Enter(42)
10. A person who has done something illegal and avoiding arrest (6)
11. Small in quantity and poor in quality (6)
12. Concerning society (6)
13. Ordinary and simple (5)
14. Large in amount, value and importance (11)
15. We make omelette from this (3)
19. Fully mature (4)
20. Present something as a gift to somebody (6)
22. Naked (4)
23. Wrong (5)
24. Belonging to a particular place or district (5)

Down:

1. Of an early stage of social development (9)
2. Delightful (9)
3. Not wet(3)
4. A way of using words that are opposite of what you mean in order to make fun of
them (7)
5. Extremeiy unpleasant and causing disgust (10)
6. Baptism; a ceremony in which somebody is given a name (11)
7. A wildly foolish person (7)
14. Thin card made of twisted thread (6)
15. Any creature with two feet (5)
16. State confidently that something Is true (6)
17. Marks left by a person, an animal or a moving vehicle (6)
18. Not native (6)
20. Ask for money, food etc. as a gift or as charity (3)
21. A low point between two higher points in a mountain range (3)
Answers:

Comprehension

A. Complete the following sentences choosing the correct alternatives:

Question 1.
When his porters said that the tracks were made by the wild man, Colonel Howard Bury
(a) believed it
(b) ignored it
(c) took cognizance of it
(d) mocked at it.
Answer:
(d) mocked at it.

Question 2.
When scientists rejected the idea of the footprints as those of monkeys, people said that they may be those of
(a) Cinderella
(b) an ascetic
(c) Giant Panda or Snow Bear
(d) langue monkeys.
Answer:
(c) Giant Panda or Snow Bear

Question 3.
Mr. Smythe sighted the tracks in
(a) Garhwal
(b) Sikkim
(c) Lapkha la
(d) Zemu Gap.
Answer:
(a) Garhwal

Question 4.
The first European who had seen the Snowman was
(a) Dr. Odell
(b) Mr. Tombazi
(c) Mr. Tilman
(d) Mr. Smythe.
Answer:
(a) Dr. Odell

Question 5.
Mr. Tilman concludes that we must believe that the tracks were made by the , Abominable Snowman until……………….
(a) sighting of the tracks is stopped
(b) proofs about better claimant are found
(c) more traeks are found
(d) the Snowman is photographed
Answer:
(b) proofs about better claimant are found

B. Answer the following questions in one sentence each:

Question 1.
What did the first Mount Everest party come across on the mountains?
Answer:
The first Mount Everest party came across the footprints closely resembling those of human being on the mountain.

Question 2.
Why did the author put three exclamation marks after the statement in his dispatch?
Answer:
The author put three exclamation marks after the statement in his dispatch because it was ridiculous for him.

Question 3.
What was Mr. Newman’s theory about the footprints?
Answer:
Newman’s theory about the footprints was that they belonged either to the outlaws or to the ascetics.

Question 4.
Why could the footprints not be those of Langur monkeys?
Ans.
The footprints could not be those of Langur monkeys because he didn’t find or hear about monkeys there.

Question 5.
How did Mr. Smythe react when the zoologist’s verdict came out?
Answer:
Mr. Smythe reacted after the zoologist’s verdict came out by. calling their theory a nonsense.

Question 6.
What did the author inquire about on reaching Darjeeling?
Answer:
The author inquired about the lunatic on reaching Darjeeling.

Question 7.
What was the author’s theory about the shape of the footprints? (M.P Board 2015)
Answer:
The author saw footprints resembling large boots and similar in shape to those of man about six or seven inch long.

Question 8.
What type of footprints of the Snowman did Mr. Tombazi find?
Answer:
They were similar in shape to those of man but only six or seven inches long.

Question 9.
What could Mr. Tombazi assert with certainty?
Answer:
Mr. Tombazi could assert with certainty that the silhouette of the mysterious being was – identical with the outline of a human figure.

Question 10.
What does the author affirm at the end?
Answer:
The author at the end affirms that tracks for which no adequate explanation is forthcoming, have been seen and will no doubt continue to be seen in the Himalayas and until the better claimant is found. We may as well attribute them to their rightful owner, The Abominable Snowman.

C. Answer the following questions in about 60 words each:

Question 1.
What analogy has the author used for proving the existence of the Snowman? (M.P. Board 2016)
Answer:
In this article, the author makes an effort to unfold the mystery of the Abominable Snowman who has long been undiscovered with authenticity. He takes the footprints as evidence of the existence of Snowman. The analogy that he takes to prove it is that if fingerprints can decide the hanging of a man, why cannot footprints establish the existence of one.

Question 2.
How did the author justify his contribution to the sum of knowledge about the Abominable Snowman?
Answer:
The author were able to justify the contribution to the sum of knowledge about the Abominable Snowman because he had studied the views and findings of all his predecessors who had escaped many a facts. The author with the help of the Sherpas had collected practical views.

Question 3.
Why did the author want to start his inquiry with the Mount Everest?
Answer:
The author wanted to start his inquiry with Mount Everest because it is still untrodden and has been mysterious, for long strange things happen there.

Question 4.
More evidence was provided by two persons about the existence of the Snowman in 1936. What was it and who were they?
Answer:
In 1936, one Mr. Ronald Kaulback travelled in the Upper Salween and reported having seen at 16,000 feet five sets.of tracks, taking exactly as though made by a bare-footed man. He added that there were no bears. More evidence was tendered by Wing Commander Beauman who reported similar tracks from the Central Himalayas.

Question 5.
How did Mr. Kaulback react when people suggested that the footprints could be those of the Giant Panda or Snow Bear?
Answer:
When Mr. Kaulback said that the tracks which he saw were exactly made by biped, he was contradicted with the view that they were made by the Giant Panda or Snow Bear. At this, he reacted that he was ashamed that he had not thought of it himself but he had not heard of Pandas in those parts nor were there bamboo shoots.

Question 6.
What does the author mean by “the season of 1937 was an active one in the Himalayas”?
Answer:
The author means to say that in this season a number of efforts were made to find out the facts behind the footprints. A combined authority of ‘The Times’ and ‘Mr. Smythe’ gave a theory of the extinction of those species but the two correspondents were not ready to support it and they gave another views.

Question 7.
How did Mr. Tombazi happen to see the Snowman?
Answer:
Mr. Tombazi writes that “an intense glare prevented him seeing anything for the first few seconds, but soon he spotted the object referred to, two or three yards away down the valley. It was exactly like human beings walking upright and wore no clothing.

Question 8.
Why did the author compare Mr. Tombazi with the old Lady at the Zoo?
Answer:
The author compared Mr. Tombazi with the old lady at the zoo because Tombazi had witnessed the existence of Snowman still he didn’t accept it with great certainty. He was still confused.

D. Answer the following questions in about 75-100 words each:

Question 1.
Do you think that Sherlock Holmes’ Monograph and Darwin’s Treatise were important
contributions to the sum of knowledge? Justify your answer.
Answer:
The author has a broad view. It is true that science explores a new fact on the basis of speculation. Science welcomes specialisation. Speculation gives birth to new ideas. When one works on those ideas one can formulate new achievement. For example/one can say had Newton not thought over the fact, why the apple fell down to earth, he had not been given to such a great discovery because falling of an apple was not the first incident. Many people almost all might have seen falling of an apple from a tree. In the same way, gherlock Holmes Monograph and Darwin’s Treatise were important contributions to the sum of knowledge.

Question 2.
How did Mr. Smythe strengthen his claim that the footprints were those of a ‘biped’? Why did he later retract his claim and say that the tracks were made by a bear?
Answer:
Mr. Smythe was an explorer in the Himalayas. He found the evidences of the footprints. They were huge, apparently of a biped. Photographs and measurements were taken. Then in order to clinch the thing he got the Sherpa’s signatures on a written statement to the effect that the tracks were those of a Metch Kangami.

They added that although they had never seen one, because anyone who does, dies or is killed, they had seen pictures of his tracks in Tibetan monasteries. Later, when Smythe submitted his evidence, that retreated his claim, and said that the tracks were made by a bear. He did so because he was not sure about the Sherpas who were frightened men and could withdraw at any moment. More than that, there was no way to measure and prove the tracks and print.

Question 3.
Describe H.W. Tilman’s sighting of tracks in Sikkim.
Answer:
The author, H.W. Tillman, had an open mind on the subject. In 1938, during the course of his exploration, he was in Sikkim when he saw tracks. Along with two Sherpas, he was crossing the Zemu Gap, a 19,000 feet pass between Kanchenjimga and Simbu. The weather was thick, the snow soft, and they plodded up a long, easy snow slope, and they saw by their side a single line of footsteps. In view of the prevailing weather, it could not be of many days old. Both the Sherpas and Tillman had been forestalled in the crossing of the Gap and when they gained the col they craned their neck over the other side which was extremely steep, to see which line that solitary climber had taken. The tracks having reached the col, had disappeared on some rocks on the Simvu side.

Question 4.
How did the author confirm that the tracks that he had observed were not made by human beings?
Answer:
The author was trying to get to a conclusion about the identity of the track he had seen. When he reached Darjeeling, he knew that no party had gone on the mountains recently. The last visit was made by Brigadier John Hunt but even Mr. Hunt had been there in November. So, it got confirmed that the tracks were not made by the human beings.

Question 5.
What reasons does the author ascribe to the round shape of the footprints?
Answer:
The tracks seen by the two previous witnesses were circular while those seen by Hunt and the author himself resembled those made by large boots. The author concluded that they were not necessarily of a brute beast, but an erect thing who might have come down from his tree even earlier than they did. He thinks that even beavers, bees, ants, birds are not without constructive ability therefore those tracks could be attributed to a Snowman.

Question 6.
Describe in your own words the sight ML Tombazi witnessed when he was called
from his tent by his porters?
Answer:
Mr. Tombazi, having been called from his tent, saw an intense glare which prevented his seeing for the first few seconds. However soon, he could spot the object two or three hundred yards away down the valley. The figure, no doubt, in outline was exactly like a human being, walking upright, and stopping occasionally to uproot some dwarf rhododendron. It showed dark against the snow and wore no clothing. Within the next minute or so it had moved into some thick scrub and disappeared. He examined the
footprints, which were similar in shape to those of a man but only six or seven inches long.

Grammar

A. Look at the sentences below:
Now complete the following sentences in which only if (when) clauses have been given:
If finger prints can hang a man I see no reason why foot prints should not establish the existence of one. We can say the same thing in this way also.

If fingerprints can hang a man, why should footprints not establish the existence of one? In such sentences ‘if’ can be replaced bis, when and they are not conditional sentences:

1. If you can go there why ……
2. If the gate is locked how ……
3. If they don’t let you in what ……
4. If you don’t know the answer why ……
5. If you lose your way in the forest what ……
6. If you are nervous at this stage how ……
7. If there is a storm tonight what ……
8. If you are asked to choose one of them which one ……
9. What if they.don’t come on time?……
10. What if you don’t pay the bill? ……
Answer:

1. would they not welcome you.
2. would one enter the campus.
3. would you do to them.
4. wouldn’t you ask your teacher.
5. would you do.
6. would you succeed.
7. would we do to face it.
8. would you like.
9. would you do.
10. would they do.

B. Look at the following sentence again:

Nearly all the evidence I have collected on behalf of his existence consists of footprints, but if fingerprints can hang a man I see no reason why footprints should not establish the existence of one.  The sentence has the following clauses:

• nearly all the evidence consists Of footprints.
• I have collected on behalf of his existence.
• but if fingerprints can hang a man.
• I see no reason.
• why footprints should not establish the existence of one.

There are several sentences of such type in the lesson. As shown above find out the clauses in the following sentences:

Question 1.
It is fitting that the starting point of our journey should be Mount Everest a mountain whose summit is still untrodden, which was for long itself mysterious, and upon which strange things have happened.
Answer:
The clauses in these sentences are given below:

• It is fitting.
• that the starting point of our journey should be Mount Everest—a mountain.
• whose summit is still untrodden.
• which was for long itself mysterious.
• and upon which strange things have happened.

Question 2.
Large langur monkeys were suggested, to which Mr. Kaulback replied that he had neither seen nor heat’d of any monkeys there and that the tracks were 3,000 feet above’the tree line.
Answer:

• Large langur monkeys were suggested.
• to which Mr. Kaulback replied.
• that he had neither seen nor heard of any monkeys there.
• and that the tracks were 3,000 feet above the tree line.

Question 3.
The suggestion was considered a shrewd one and Mr. Kaulback wrote to say he was ashamed he had not thought of it himself.
Answer:

• The suggestion was considered a shrewd one.
• and Mr. Kaulback wrote to say.
• he was ashamed.
• he had not thought of it himself.

Question 4.
But may be there was a hint of sarcasm, for he added that he had never heard of pandas in those parts nor were there any bamboo shootsa sine qua non for pandas, without which they languish and die.
Answer:

• But may be there was a hint of sarcasm.
• for he added.
• that he had never heard of pandas in those parts nor were there any bamboo shootsa sine qua non for pandas.
• without which they languish and die.

Question 5.
They added that although they had never seen one, because anyone who does, dies or is killed, they had seen pictures of his tracks in Tibetan monasteries.
Answer:

• They added.
• that although they had never seen one.
• because anyone who does, dies or is killed.
• they had seen pictures of his tracks in Tibetan monasteries.

Speaking Activity

A. Divide the class into two groups. Arrange a debate whether ‘the Snowman’ exists or not. One group – will speak in favour of’its’existence and the other will speak against it.
Answer:
Do it yourself.

Writing Activity

A. Write an essay in about 250 words on “Mountaineering in the Himalayas” on the basis of the following points:

• Why people prefer the Himalayas for mountaineering.
• Precautions to be taken before setting out.
• Help of local sherpas.
• Precautions during climbing.
• Good and bad effects of mountaineering on the local population and the eco-system.

Answer:
Mountaineering is an adventurous activity that one undertakes to explore mysteries underlying in regions of high mountains. People prefer the Himalayas for mountaineering because it is full of mysteries of the widest ranges. It is the largest region to explore. People have been trying to unrave its regions but there is still a lot more to do.

Before undertaking a climb to a mountain, one must be careful and aware of the impending dangers. One must study well the regions that one opts for. All the necessary equipment must be arranged. One must know the direction, height, curves, etc. of the regions.

The local Sherpas are of much help for a mountaineer. They know all the facts of the regions. They can lead one to particular direction. They can provide all sorts of local help if one falls in danger. During mountaineering, one must be particular about the team and tools, oxygen, food and direction. One should be helpful to each other.

Mountaineering provides livelihood to local people. They get new access to jobs. They can flourish their business. However in some respect, mountaineering affects the local eco-system due to the rush of people from outside regions. They change the face of the natural life of the people.

Think It Over

Mystery shrouds the existence of ‘the Abominable Snowtnan’. Think about the ways of solving this mystery.
Answer:
Do it yourself.

Things to Do

Collect material that you can find on ‘Abominable Snowman or ‘Yeti’ (as he is called in Hindi) and Unidentified Flying Objects (U.F.O.) and exhibit it in the classroom.
Answer:
Do it yourself.

The Abominable Snowman Summary in English

The writer in this chapter tries to unfold the mystery of the Abominable Snowman or as we call it, ‘Yeti’. In 1921 Col. Howard Bury who was the leader of the first Mount Everest Party traced the footprints resembling those of a human being on the Lakhpa La, a 22,000 foot pass northeast of the mountain. For him, the belief of his porters that the tracks were made by the wild men of the snows, was ridiculous.

He feels science welcomes all speculations and on that basis the scientist traces to add something new to that knowledge. If fingerprints can decide the fate of a man, why can the footprints not establish the existence of one. So, the writer begins his effort to find out the facts behind the abominable snowman. Mr. Henry Newman interviewed the porters and got a full description of the wild men who were called Metch Kangmi—Kangmi meaning snowmen and Metch as Newman happily translated abominable.

Mr Newman thought the tracks were made by men who were either outlaws or ascetics striving to obtain magical powers by cutting themselves off from mankind and refusing to wash. The abominable snowman has remained a mystery for a long time. In 1936, Mr. Ronald Kaulbaclwhile travelling iii the upper Saiween, reported having seen at 16,000 feet five sets of tracks which looked exactly as though made by a bare-footed man. The report was contradicted by various views but he confirmed that he did not find any monkey or langur in the region.

However, he did not reject the idea about giant panda and snow bear. In an article in The Times Mr. Smythe described how in Garhwal in the central Himalayas at 6,50 feet he and his Sherpa porters found the imprints of a huge foot apparently of a biped. Photographs and measurements were taken and to clinch the things the Sherpas were induced to sign a statement to the effect that the tracks were those of a Metch Kangmi. Later, the prints were submitted to the zoological pundits and were pronounced by them to be those of a bear.

In short, any tracks seen in the high snows then or therefore might safely be ascribed to bears and nothing else which of course is nonsense. The author in 1938 too saw tracks which could not be explained away by shouting bear any more than those seen by Kaulback, Eleauman, Bhale, and others. The author was in Sikkim and with two Sherpas, he was crossing the Gemu saps in 19,000 feel pass between Kanchenjunga and Simbu. He was told that to; last visit to those parts had been made by Brigadier Johen Hunt.

There is discrepancy between the tracks seen by Hunt and, that of the writer. Finally, the writer came to his last and more substantial evidence found by A.N. Tombazi who examined the footprints which were similar in case to those of a man but only six or seven inches long. Marks of five toes and instep were clear but trace of heel indistinct. The prints were undoubtedly those of a biped.

Tombazi reiterated with a sufficient degree of certainty that the silhouette of the mysterious being was identical with the outline of a human figure. The writer finds Mr. Tombazi with his fantastic legends and delicious fairy tales evidently an unwitting witness and all the more valuable on that account. He concludes with his affirmation that tracks for which no adequate explanation is forthcoming have been seen and will, no doubt, continue to be seen in the Himalayas. We shall attribute them to the Abominable Snowman until the other strong claimant appears.

The Abominable Snowman Summary in Hindi

प्रस्तुत अध्याय में लेखक ने घृणास्पद बर्फीले मानव जिसे हम ‘यती’ कहते हैं के रहस्यों को उजागर करने का प्रयास किया है। Howard Bury, जो प्रथम माउन्ट एवरेस्ट दल के नेता थे ने लखपा ला, उत्तर-पूर्वी पहाड़ों के एक 22000 फीट दर्रे में मानवीय पदचिन्हों से मिलता-जुलता पदचिन्ह देखा। उसके लिए उनके कुलियों का यह विश्वास कि रास्ते बर्फीले जंगली मानवों द्वारा बनाए गये थे बिल्कुल हास्यास्पद था। जैसा वह महसूस करता है कि, विज्ञान अनुमानों का स्वागत करता है और उसके आध पर पर वैज्ञानिक कुछ नयी जानकारियों देने का प्रयास करते हैं।

यदि अंगुलियों के निशान किसी व्यक्ति के जीवन का अन्त तय कर सकता है तो परों के निशान किसी के अस्तित्व को क्यों नहीं तय कर सकते। इसलिए लेखक घृणास्पद बफोले मानव के बारे में प्रचलित तथ्यों की खोज करने का प्रयास करता है। Henry Newman ने कुलियों से पूछताछ की और जंगली मानवों के बारे में पूरा विवरण जाना जिन्हें MetchKangmi (मच्छ कंगमी)-कंगमी का अर्थ है बर्फीला मानव और मच्छ जैसा कि Newman ने इसका अर्थ निकाला ‘घृणास्पद’ | Newman ने सोचा कि रास्तों का निर्माण उन लोगों द्वारा किया गया होगा जो कानून से भागे हुए लोग थे या उन योगियों द्वारा जो जादूई शक्तियों की प्राप्ति के लिए समाज से अपने को दूर रखते थे और स्नान नहीं करते थे।

घृणास्पद बर्फीले मानव काफी लम्बे समय से रहस्य बने हुए हैं। 1996 में Ronald Kaulback ने ऊपरी सालवान की यात्रा के दौरान 16,000 फीट पर रास्तों का पाँच सेट देखने के बाद यह तथ्य प्रकाशित किया जो बिल्कुल नंगे पाँव वाले मानवों द्वारा बनाए गये लगते थे। इस रिपोर्ट का कई विचारों द्वारा खंडन किया गया परन्तु उसने यह निश्चित किया कि उसने उस क्षेत्र में कहीं कोई बंदर या लंगूर नहीं देखा। लेकिन उसने विशाल पेड़ों और भालू के तथ्य से इनकार नहीं किया।

The Times में एक लेख में Mr. Smythe ने वर्णन किया कि कैसे मध्य हिमालय के गढ़वाल में 16,500 फीट पर उसने और उसके शेरपा कुली ने देखा कि बड़े-बड़े पाँवों के निशान स्पष्टतः दोपाये (दो पैर वाले) के थे। तस्वीरें व माप लिए गए और शेरपाओं से इसके लिखित दस्तावेज पर दस्तख़त लिए गए कि वे रास्ते मच्छ कंगामी द्वारा बनाए गए थे। बाद में ये तथ्य जैविकीय पंडितों को सौंपा गया जिन्होंने इसे भालू का बताया। संक्षेप में ऊँचे बर्फ में पाया जाने वाला उस समय या उसके बाद कोई भी पदचिन्ह भालू का बताया जाने लगा जो बिल्कुल बकवास था। 1938 में लेखक ने भी रास्तों को देखा जो सिर्फ भालू के नाम नहीं किया जा सकता था फिर जैसा Kaulback, Beauman, Bhalue आदि के द्वारा देखा गया। लेखक सिक्किम में था और उसके साथ दो शेरपा गेमू दर्रे से गुज़र रहे

थे-कंचनजंगा और शिंभ के बीच 19000 फट दरे के बीच। उसे बताया गया था कि उस भाग में अंतिम बार Brigadies John Hunt आये थे। Hunt और लेखक द्वारा देखे गए पदचिन्हों में अन्तर है। अन्ततः लेखक अपने अन्तिम और महत्त्वपूर्ण साक्ष्य पर पहुंचा, जो A.N. Tombazi ने जिन्होंने उन पदचिन्हों को मानवी पदचिन्हों के समान पाया लेकिन वे सिर्फ छः या सात इंच लम्बे थे। पाँच पंजों और तलवों के निशान साफ थे लेकिन एड़ियों के निशान अस्पष्ट थे। निशान स्पष्टतः दोपायों के थे। Tombazi ने निश्चितता के प्रमाणों के आधार पर निष्कर्ष दिया कि निशान रहस्यपूर्ण थे क्योंकि बाहरी किनारों से ये मानवीय थे।

लेकिन Tombazi अपने अद्भुत कहानियों और चटपटी परिकथाओं के साथ तथ्यपरक और कुछ अधिक महत्त्वपूर्ण लगे। वह निष्कर्ष इन्हें स्वीकार करते हुए निकालता है क्योंकि अबतक कोई अन्य विवरण देखने को नहीं मिला और निरसंदेह हिमालयों में देखा जाएगा। हम उन पदचिन्हों को घृणास्पद हिममानवों को सांपते हैं जबतक कि कोई अन्य ज़ोरदार दावेदार नहीं आता।

The Abominable Snowman Word Meaning

The Abominable Snowman Important Pronunciations

The Abominable Snowman Passages for Comprehension

Read the following passages and answer the questions that follow:

In 1921, Colonel Howard Bury, leader of the first Mount Everest party came upon footprints closely resembling those of a human being on the Lakhpa La, a 22,000-foot pass, north-east of the mountain. In a dispatch telegraphed home he mentioned this and also the belief of his porters that the tracks were made by the Wild Men of the Snows. In order to show his opinion of such a laughable idea, he put no fewer than three exclamation marks after the statement, but in spite of this news was accorded its full value, and Colonel Howard Bury learnt, no doubt, how hard it is to be funny by telegraph. (Page 135)

Questions:
(i) Who was Col. Howard Bury? What did he see in the Mountain?
(ii) Find the word opposite in meaning to ‘distantly’.
(iii) Give the noun form of the word ‘resembling’.
(iv) Give a word similar in meaning to ‘identical’.
Answers:
(i) Col. Howard Bury was the leader of the first Mount Everest party in 1921. He saw footprints closely resembling those of human beings in mountain.
(ii) ‘Closely’ is the word opposite to ‘distantly’.
(iii) ‘Resemblance’ is the noun form of ‘resembling’.
(iv) ‘Resembling’ is similar in meaning to ‘identical’.

2. Intense glare prevented my seeing anything for the first few seconds, but I soon spotted the object referred to. two or three hundred yards away down the valle Unquestionably the figure in outline was exactly like a humati being, walking upright and stooping occasionally to uproot some dwarf rhododendron. It showed dark against the snow and wore no clothing. Within the next minute or so It had moved into some thick scrub and disappeared. I examined the footprints which were similar in shape to those of a man but only 6 or 7 inches long. Marks of five toes and instep were clear but trace of heel indistinct. The prints were undoubtedly those of a biped. (Page 138)

Questions:
(i) What did he see in the pass? What did they look alike?
(ii) Find a word similar in meaning to ‘vanished’.
(iii) Make the noun form of ‘prevented’.
(iv) Give the opposite of ‘indistinct’.
Answers:
(i) He saw an object with intense light, resembling a human being.
(ii) ‘Disappeared’ has a similar meaning to ‘vanished’. .
(iii) ‘Prevention’ is the noun form of ‘prevented’.
(iv) ‘Distiict’ is the opposite of ‘indistinct’.

3. Chesterton has remarked on the loving care and skill bestowed by them on building up Pithecarithropus a bit of skull here, a few teeth there, and a thigh bone from somewhere else until at last they produce a detailed drawing carefully shaded to show that the very hairs of his head were numbered. I am at a loss to express a definite opinion. I merely affirm that tracks for which no adequate explanation is forthcoming have been seen and will, no doubt, continue to be seen in the Himalayas, and until the better claimant is found we may as well attribute them to their rightful owner, the Abominable Snowman.  (Page 139)

Questions:
(i) What does the author conclude?
(ii) Give a word similar in meaning to ‘elaborated’.
(iii) Give the adverb form of ‘adequate’.
(iv) Give a word opposite in meaning to ‘inadequate’.
Answers:
(i) The author concludes to attribute the footprints to the Abominable Snowman until
the better claimant is found.
(ii) Detailed is a word similar in meaning to ‘elaborated’.
(iii) The adverb form of ‘adequate’ is ‘adequately’.
(iv) A word opposite in meaning to ‘inadequate’ is ‘adequate’.

MP Board Class 12th English Solutions

MP Board Class 12th English A Voyage Textbook (Fiction and Drama)

• Invocation Class 12 Questions And Answers
• The Diamond Necklace Class 12 Questions And Answers
• Goodbye Party for Miss Pushpa T.S. Class 12 Questions And Answers
• Dream-Children: A Reverie Class 12 Questions And Answers
• Our Casuarina Tree Class 12 Questions And Answers
• If the Well Goes Dry Class 12 Questions And Answers
• A Prayer for My Daughter Class 12 Questions And Answers
• The Beggar Class 12 Questions And Answers
• After Apple-Picking Class 12 Questions And Answers
• On Umbrella Morals Class 12 Questions And Answers
• My Father Travels Class 12 Questions And Answers
• Youth and the Tasks Ahead Class 12 Questions And Answers
• On His Being Arrived at the Age of Twenty-three Class 12 Questions And Answers
• Albert-Einstein at School Class 12 Questions And Answers
• To Autumn Class 12 Questions And Answers
• Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Class 12 Questions And Answers
• The Last Ride Together Class 12 Questions And Answers
• The Abominable Snowman Class 12 Questions And Answers
• The Gita and Swadharma Class 12 Questions And Answers
• Swami and Friends Class 12 Questions And Answers
• The Silver Box Class 12 Questions And Answers

Class 12 English A Voyage Chapter 4 Dream-Children: A Reverie Questions and Answers

In this article, we will share MP Board Class 12th English Solutions Chapter 4 Dream-Children: A Reverie Pdf, These solutions are solved subject experts from the latest edition books.

Dream-Children: A Reverie Class 12th Question Answer

Vocabulary

A. Frame sentences to explain the meaning of the following:
Carve (something) out, pull (something) down, keep up, carry away, set up, stick up, mop about, take off, go on,
Answer:

• Carve out : He has carved a fine figure of Goddess Durga out of marble stone.
• Pull down : The independents pulled the government down to election.
• Keep up : You should keep up your result.
• Carry away : There is no one to carry away it.
• Set up : My father set up a college in our village.
• Stick up : Do not stick up any bill to my boundary wall.
• Mop about : The thieves mopped about the house.
• Take off : This one will take off at 5 pm.
• Goon : Go on with your project.

B. Give Synonyms of the following Worlds
conception, up-braid, adjoining, awkward, courageous.
Answer:

• conception – ideas
• adjoining – neighbouring
• courageous – bold
• awkward – odd
• up-braid – plaited

C. Give antonyms of t he following:
ever, midnight, particular, empty, admiration.
Answer:

• Ever — never
• Midnight – midday
• Particular — common
• Empty — full
• Admiration — condemnation.

D. In the essay, you read an example of oxymoron ‘busy-idle’. Another example can be ‘deafening silence’. Give five more examples of oxymoron.
Answer:
Some examples of oxymoron are: tragi—comedy, forbidden—fruit, lame—footed.

Comprehension

A. Pick the correct alternatives from the following:

Question 1.
Who are Alice and John?
(a) lamb’s real children
(b) Lamb’s imaginary children
(c) Mary’s children
(d) None of the above.
Answer:
(b) Lamb’s imaginary children

Question 2.
What sort of relations had Iamb with his brother?
(a) He disliked his brother.
(b) He loved his brother.
(c) He was indifferent towards his brother.
(d) He had differences with his brother.
Answer:
(b) He loved his brother.

Question 3.
What is Lethe?
(a) a river of England
(b) a river of India
(c) a river in Hades
(d) a river in Heaven.
Answer:
(c) a river in Hades

Question 4.
What was the immediate cause of the composition of the essay “Dréam Children:
A Reverie”?
(a) The death of his brother.
(b) The death of his grandmother.
(c) The death of his mother.
(d) The death of his father.
Answer:
(a) The death of his brother.

Question 5.
Which of the following fruits is not mentioned by Lamb that grew in the garden , in the Norfolk House?
(a) peach
(b) nectarine
(c) orange
(d) apple.
Answer:
(d) apple.

Question 6.
Who according to Lamb, was the best dancer during her youth?
(a) Alice, the daughter
(b) Alice, the mother
(c) Mrs. Field
(d) Bridget.
Answer:
(c) Mrs. Field

B. Answer the following questions in about 60 words each:

Question 1
Write a character sketch of Lamb’s grandmother. (M.P. Board 2009)
Answer:
Lamb’s grandmother had a pleasing personality. She was highly religious. She was beloved and respected by everybody. She was very particular and prompt in her duties. She was fond of children and always enjoyed to be with them during holidays. She was tall, upright and graceful. She was a good dancer and was so popular among the commoner that her funeral was attended by a concourse of all the poor and some of the gentry of the neighbourhood from miles away.

Question 2.
What sort of a person was John Lamb? How did Lamb admire him?
Answer:
John Lamb had some good sort of personality. He was extremely handsome and spirited young man. All the children loved him and he loved them too. He was kind and helpful. He usually helped the writer by carrying him on his back. He was careful about the big house and the garden. Later, in his life, he was in great pain, still he lived with enthusiasm.

Question 3.
What are the similarities between Alice, the mother and Alice, the daughter?
Answer:
As the writer was in dream about his family, he was lost in thought. Alice was his daughter and John was his son, in fact imaginary. He observed some similarities between Alice the daughter and Alice the mother, the representation of her eye and her bright hair are similar.

Question 4.
Describe the cremation of grandmother Field.
Answer:
Field was a graceful lady with all generosity and kindness. She was loved and respected by all. She was highly religious, so she was very popular among people. When she died, her funeral was attended by a concourse of all the poor, some of the gentry also came and make their presence. They all came from neighbourhood from many miles away to show their respect in her memory.

Question 5.
Describe how Lamb used to move about in the garden of the great house. (M.P. Board 2016)
Answer:
Lamb was a peculair child. He never liked to be in a company. So, he usually spent his time alone. He used to roam in the big mansion. He also walked along the big, spacious old-fashioned garden, where he sometimes met with the solitary man, gardening, who never liked him roam in the garden or allowed him pluck any flower or fruit.

Question 6.
Who did grandmother Field love the best among the Lamb brothers and why?
Answer:
Grandmother Field was a graceful lady. She loved all the children. She always wished to be with all their grand-children in the great house in holidays but she had special love,and attention for John. Lamb, because he was very handsome and spirited young man.He also moped about in solitary comers and cared the great garden of the great house.

Question 7.
Why does Lamb say that though grandmother Field was not the owner of the house ‘yet in some respect she might be said to be the mistress of it too’?
Answer:
Lamb’s grandmother Field was a very popular lady living in a great house in Norfolk. She was highly attached with the house. Lamb says that she was not, the mistress of the house. She was only in charge of it, because she was committed to it by its owner who preferred living in a newer house. Still she lived in it, in a manner as if it was her own. She maintained the dignity of the house.

C. Answer the following questions in about 75-100 words each:

Question 1.
Justify the statement that’Dream Children: A Reverie’ is a lyric in prose.
Answer:
Dream Children: A Reverie is an outburst of a flow of imagination of Charles Lamb. Lamb was said to be the Prince of English essayists. He wrote this essay when he was ” nearing his fifties. As his life was not at all happy and comfortable, he towards the end of his life, has expressed his dreams which couldn’t be fulfilled during his lifetime. He had suffered a lot in his life. He himself was lame. His elder brother whom he loved so much died in great pain.

He missed him because he usually carried him on his back when he could not walk. In his youth, Lamb had a disappointing love-affair with a girl who afterwards married another man. He was a bachelor. He lived in utter loneliness. Though he wanted a family and children but they were denied to him in his actual life. In this essay, he is dreaming for having two children, on both of his sides behaving like real . children. Although the story has created a moving life situation which has all the elements of a lyric. This is a flow which makes one completely engrossed with the story.

Question 2.
In ‘Dream Children: A Reverie’ Lamb has woven fiction around certain facts of his life. Illustrate this statement from the essay.
Answer:
Dream Children: A Reverie is a typical essay written by Charles Lamb. The main theme of the essay is woven around certain facts of Lamb’s life. His life was very pathetic. He was a lame and suffered a lot. He was very much attached with his elder brother John who also became lame in his later life. He was in great pain when he died. The writer was deeply distressed with this incident. He always wished for a family. Once he was in love with a girl but afterwards she denied to marry him. He lived a bachelor life. He also wanted children but he was denied of a family and children. This story is an imagination that he could never see as being fulfilled.

Question 3.
Discuss the element of pathos in the essay ‘Dream Children: A Reverie’.
Answer:
Dream Children: A Reverie presents an unfulfilled desire of the essayist, Charles Lamb. Lamb’s life was a tragic one. He was physically not sound. He earnestly wished for a family and children. But he could not get any. He loved his elder brother very much who also suffered great pain. Lamb was in great pain to see his elder brother dying slowly in great pain. Everywhere in the essay, Lamb has tried to reveal the real tragedy of his life. It is really a very touching essay.

Question 4.
Write a summary of the essay ‘Dream Children: A Reverie’ in your own words.
Answer:
This is a story of a dream of a life which the writer couldn’t have. Children are usually fond of listening to the stories of their ancestors. The writer’s children (in fact imaginary) came closer to him to know about their great grandmother Field who lived in a great house in Norfolk. The writer continued to say interesting facts about Field. Field was a highly religious lady loved and respected by all. She was in fact not the mistress of the great house but just a caretaker of it, still she lived with dignity. When she died, her funeral was attended by a concourse of all the poor and some of the gentry too, of the neighborhood. They came from many miles to show their respect in her memory.

Further, the writer said that Field was tall, upright and graceful. She was an esteemed dancer in her youth. Later she suffered from the deadly disease, cancer which put her in pain. But she was still upright, as she was so good and religious.

Field used to sleep by herself in a lone chamber of the great house. She usually believed that two infants used to glide up and down the great staircase near where she slept during midnight. The writer was scared for he never saw any infant. However, Field was always very good to all her grand children. She liked to have all the children with her in the house during holidays. The writer enjoyed his loneliness even there. He was always alone in himself even there in the house of the grandmother.

Then the writer told John and Alice, the two children who were taking much interest in the story that the grandmother loved all the grand children with joy but she had special attention to John L. John L was very handsome and spirited youth. He loved the great house and took care of the garden. He used to carry the writer on his back, for he was a bit older than the writer.

It was because the writer was lame and couldn’t walk long. Later, he himself became lame and was in great pain. His painful death haunted the writer for long. The writer missed him much; for he had loved him too. He missed his brother’s kindness, closeness and wished him to be alive again to be quarrelling with him.

The children cried to listen to the stories about their pretty dead mother. The writer continued that he courted the fair Alice W-N, but when he explained how he was denied of the marriage, what pain had to suffer the children great emotional. They thought and realized that they were not real children born of the writer and Alice W-N. They were nearly dreams. The writer was awakened and there was no one around him neither John nor Alice.

Question 5.
Justify the title of the essay, ‘Dream Children: A Reverie’. (M.P. Board 2010)
Answer:
The title of the essay, Dream Children: A Reverie is very appropriate in the context of its
theme. The writer tries to unfold his unfulfilled desire. For this, he creates the images of two children who act in a real manner. He tells them all his memories of life. He utterly desired to have a family and children which was never fulfilled. The situation of the essay appears to be a real life situation. He shows similarity between Alice the Mother and Alice the daughter. He also shows similarity of fair hair between the two and through the children he reveals and satisfies the realities of his life.

D. Explain the following:

Question 1.
Children love to listen to stories about their elders, when they were children; to stretch their imagination to the conception of a traditionary great-uncle, grandame, whom they never saw.
Answer:
These lines are the exposition of a common phenomena. The writer reveals that children are fond of listening to adventurous tales and tales about old generation. These stories thrill them. They are also curious to know about their own ancestors. It is a way that they wish to be familiar with their own past glory, prestige, etc.

Question 2.
I missed his kindness and I missed his crossness, and wished him to be alive again, to ‘ be quarrelling with him (for we quarrelled sometimes), rather than not have him again, and was as uneasy without, him, as he their poor uncle must have been when the doctor took off his limb.
Answer:
Through this, Lamb is blurring the line of fiction and reality. The uncle in the story coincides with the brother of Lamb. Here Lamb reveals his feeling about his elder brother. His elder brother was a handsome youth and a love some figure. He was always helpful to the writer. He used to carry Lamb on his back as Lamb was unable to walk long for being lame. Sometimes, he got angry and quarrelled with him. Still he was helpful. He was a man of all good qualities. So, Lamb missed him much. Fiction gets woven around facts,

Question 3.
‘We are not of Alice, nor of thee, nor are we children at all. The children of Alice called Bartrum, father. We are nothing; less than nothing, and dreams. We are only what might have been, and must wait upon the tedious shores of Lethe millions of ages before we have existence and a name’.
Answer:
These lines reveal the realities of this story. In the whole story, Lamb has created such a realisite atmosphere that everything appears to be happening in life. In fact, it is mere fantasy. He has exposed his desires through imagination. He neither had a family nor children. John and Alice are his dream children. When in the end, Lamb tells them that he could never get married the children are made to feel that they are creation of Lamb’s imagination. In the meantime, the writer is awaken and everything is finished.

Grammar

Look at the following sentences:

• Children love to listen to stories about their elders.
• Then I went on to say…
• I had more pleasure in strolling.

In the above sentences the words in bold are non-finites. Now, fill in the blanks in the following sentences with proper forms of non-finites:
1. She refused ………… with me.
2. They offered ………… after our children when we were away.
3. Not many people can afford …………….a car.
4. She appeared …………….. done the deed.
5. She is difficult ………..
6. He Came specially…..me.
7. I have never known him ………….his temper.
8. She was heard ………….
9. She was ill. I advised her ……….. a doctor.
10. She decided ………… a nurse.
Answer:

1. to stay
2. to look
3. to buy
4. to have
5. to manage
6. to see
7. to lose
8. shouting
9. to consult
10. to be.

Speaking Activity

Every student in the class should speak ten sentences about their parents, brothers, sisters, and cousins. The information should be based on facts and not fiction as Lamb has done in his essay.
Answer:
Do yourself.

Writing Activity

Write a letter to your pen-friend informing about your family, parents, siblings and cousins.
Answer:
ABC Road
Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh India
January 22, 20xx Dear John
Thanks for your reply. It was fascinating to know about your life in New York and your family and friends. It’s my turn to intimate you about my life here. I live-in a joint family and not in a nuclear family as is common in your country. My family includes my parents and siblings, my father’s elder brother and his family, my grandparents, myself and my dog, Timmy. I have an elder sister and a brother younger to me. My father is a dentist and mother is a housewife. We are lucky to have our grandparents always advising us with their wisdom and experience. My cousins are older to me and I love their company. I am sending you a photograph of this very happy and united family of mine. It’s nice to have a pen-friend in the U.S. A. I will wait your reply and expect you to tell me something about your city.
Your dear friend
Ali.

Think It Over

A. Reverie is pleasant thought that make you forget what you are doing or what is happening around you. Have you undergone similar experiences?
Answer:
Pleasant thoughts that make us forget, what we are doing or what is happening around
us. Once I had pleasant experience. I was sitting in my room. Suddenly, I began behaving in a strange manner. I called my mother and said that I have become the Prime Minister and in an hour I am flying to the Parliament. My mother called the other members of the house. They were laughing and got a bit serious. For almost an hour, I was elated and preparing myself for taking oath. Then my father came and as I saw him, all my elation disappeared and I was in my senses.

B. Memories not only give us pleasure-they also make us sad as we miss the bygone days. Do-you think Lamb’s reminiscences here are a blend of humour and pathos?
Answer:
Yes. Lamb’s reminiscences here are a blend of humour and pathos. He has dealt with the theme in a very realistic manner. Sometimes, the behaviour of grandmother creates humour while the memory of his brother creates pathos.

Things to Do

Study the style of Lamb. Among the modern essayists E.V. Lucas has written essays in the style of Lamb. Try to read the following essays by Lucas:
‘On Finding Things’ and ‘The Rope Trick’.
Answer:
Do yourself.

Dream – Children: A Reverie by Charles Lamb Introduction

Dream-Children: A Reverie is an outburst of a flow of imagination of Charles Lamb He write this assay when he was nearing his fifties. His life was not at all happy He wanted a family and children but they were denied to him in his actual life. The essay makes us aware of his deepening touching in life.

Dream – Children: A Reverie Summary in English

This is a story of a dream of a life which the writer couldn’t have. Children are usually fond of listening to the stories of their ancestors. The writer’s children (in fact imaginary) came closer to him to know about their great grandmother Field who lived in a great house in Norfolk. The writer continued to say interesting facts about Field. Field was a highly religious lady loved and respected by all. She was in fact not the mistress of the great house but just a caretaker of it, still she lived with dignity. When she died, her funeral was attended by a concourse of all the poor and some of the gentry too, of the neighborhood. They came from many miles to show their respect in her memory.

Further, the writer said that Field was tall, upright and graceful. She was an esteemed dancer in her youth. Later she suffered from the deadly disease, cancer which put her in pain. But she was still upright, as she was so good and religious.

Field used to sleep by herself in a lone chamber of the great house. She usually believed that two infants used to glide up and down the great staircase near where she slept during midnight. The writer was scared for he never saw any infant. However, Field was always very good to all her grand children. She liked to have all the children with her in the house during holidays. The writer enjoyed his loneliness even there. He was always alone in himself even there in the house of the grandmother.

Then the writer told John and Alice, the two children who were taking much interest in the story that the grandmother loved all the grand children with joy but she had special attention to John L. John L was very handsome and spirited youth. He loved the great house and took care of the garden. He used to carry the writer on his back, for he was a bit older than the writer.

It was because the writer was lame and couldn’t walk long. Later, he himself became lame and was in great pain. His painful death haunted the writer for long. The writer missed him much; for he had loved him too. He missed his brother’s kindness, closeness and wished him to be alive again to be quarrelling with him.

The children cried to listen to the stories about their pretty dead mother. The writer continued that he courted the fair Alice W-N, but when he explained how he was denied of the marriage, what pain had to suffer the children great emotional. They thought and realized that they were not real children born of the writer and Alice W-N. They were nearly dreams. The writer was awakened and there was no one around him neither John nor Alice.

Dream – Children: A Reverie Summary in Hindi

यह एक जीवन के सपने की कहानी है जिसमें लेखक कभी साकार न हो सका। बच्चे प्रायः अपने पूर्वजों के बारे में जानने को उत्सुक रहते हैं। लेखक के बच्चे (दरअसल काल्पनिक) उसके पास आए और अपनी दादी Field के बारे में जानना चाहते थे जो Norfolk के बड़े-से घर में रहती थी। लेखक मजेदार बातों के साथ Field के बारे में बताना शुरू किया कि Field महान् धार्मिक महिला थी जिसे सभी लोग प्यार और इज्जत देते थे। दरअसल वह उस विशाल घर की मालकिन नहीं थी बल्कि इसकी संरक्षिका थी। फिर भी वह काफी प्रतिष्ठा के साथ वहाँ रहती थी। जब उसकी मृत्यु हुई तो उसके अन्तिम संस्कार में काफी संख्या में गरीबों का समूह और कुछ पड़ोसी मध्यमवर्गीय लोग शामिल हुए। वे दूर-दूर से उसके प्रति अपनी आदर की भावना का प्रदर्शन करने आए थे।

आगे लेखक ने बताया कि Field लम्बी, अनुशासित एवं कोमल महिला थी। वह अपने युवाकाल में एक अच्छी नर्तकी थी। बाद में उसे कैंसर जैसी भयानक बीमारी हो गई जिसने उसे भीषण दर्द में डाल दिया। फिर भी वह सख्त थी और उतनी ही धार्मिक और अच्छी। . Field बड़े घर के एक अकेले कमरे में सोती थी। उसे प्रायः ऐसा लगता था कि दो बच्चे हवा में लहराते हुए उस नीचे

सीढ़ी पर आते थे जहाँ वह सोती थी। लेखक को इससे भय लगता था क्योंकि उसे कोई बच्चा दिखाई नहीं दिया। हालाँकि Field अपने पोतों के साथ बहुत अच्छा व्यवहार रखती थी। वह छुट्टियों में सभी बच्चों को एक साथ उस बड़े धर में देखनाचाहती थी। लेखक अपने अकेलेपन में ही वहाँ भी खोया रहता था। वह दादी माँ के बड़े घर में भी अपने आप में अकेला होता था।

फिर लेखक ने John और Alice दोनों बच्चों जो उसकी कहानी में विशेष दिलचस्पी दिखा रहे थे, को बताया कि दादी माँ सभी बच्चों को बेहद प्यार करती थी, परन्तु उसे John L से विशेष लगाव था। John L बहुत ही सुन्दर और उत्साही युवक था। वह घर को प्यार करता था और बगीचे की देखभाल भी करता था। वह लेखक को अपनी पीठ पर ढोया करता था, क्योंकि वह लेखक से बड़ा था। वह ऐसा इसलिए करता था कि लेखक पाँव से लंगड़ा था और ज्यादा दूर चल नहीं पाता था। बाद में वह खुद भी लँगड़ा हो गया और बहुत ही दर्द में था। उसकी दर्दनाक मौत हमेशा लेखक को कचोटता था।

लेखक को उसकी कमी महसूस होती थी, क्योंकि वह उसे बहुत प्यार करता था। अपने भाई केपण्या, और गुस्से को याद करता था और चाहता था कि वह फिर से जिंदा हो जाए और उससे झगड़े। बच्चों ने अपनी सुन्दर माँ की कहानी सुनने के लिए शोर मचाया। लेखक ने बताया कि उसने Alice W-N. से मंगनी तय की लेकिन जब उसने बताया कैसे उसे शादी के लिए नकार दिया गया और उसे कैसे दर्द से गुजरना पड़ा, तो बच्चे भावुक हो गए। उन्होंने सोचा और महसूस किया वे लेखक और Alice W.N. के बच्चे नहीं थे। वे दरअसल एक सपना थे। लेखक की नींद खुल गई और वहाँ कोई नहीं था, न John न ही Alice..

Dream-Children: A Reverie Word Meanings

Dream-Children: A Reverie Important Pronunciations

Dream-Children: A Reverie Passage for Comprehension

Read the following passages carefully and answer the questions that follow them:

1. Children love to listen to stories about their elders, when they were children; to stretch their imagination to the conception of a traditionally great-uncle, or grandame, whom they never saw. It was in this spirit that my little ones crept about me the other evening to hear about their great-grandmother Field, who lived in a great house in Norfolk (a hundred times bigger than that in which they and papa lived) which had been the scene- so at least it was generally believed in that part of the country-of the tragic incidents which they had lately become familiar with from the ballad of the Children in the Wood.(Page 22)

Questions:
(i) What do children love to listen?
(ii) Give noun form of the word ‘traditionary’.
(iii) Find a word from the passage meaning same as the word ‘spread’.
(iv) Give a word opposite in meaning of ‘strange’.
Answers:
(i) Children love to listen to the stories about their ancestors like grandmother, great- uncle etc.
(ii) ‘Tradition’ is the noun form of the word ‘traditionary’
(iii) Stretch is similar in meaning to ‘spread’.
(iv) Familiar has opposite meaning to ‘strange’.

2. Here little Alice spread her hands. Then I told what a tall, upright, graceful person their great-grandmother Field once was; and how in her youth she was esteemed the best dancer-here Alice’s little right foot played an involuntary movement ’till’ upon my looking grave, it desisted-the best dancer, I was saying, in the country, till a cruel disease, called a cancer ‘came’ and bowed her down with pain; but it could never bend her good spirits, or make them stoop, they were still upright, because she was so good and religious.

Then I told how she was used to sleep by herself in a lone chamber of the great lone ‘ house; and how she believed that an apparition of two infants was to be seen at midnight ; gliding up and down the great staircase near where she slept, but she said; “those innocents would do her no harm” and how frightened I used to be, though in those days I had my maid to sleep with me, because I was never half so good or religious as she and yet I never saw the infants. (Faye 23)

Questions:
(i) What did she suffer from? How did it affect her?
(ii) Give adjective form of ‘frightened’.
(iii) Find a word from the passage which has opposite meaning to ‘guilty’?
(iv) Find a word from the passage which means same as ‘scared’?
Answers: .
(i) She later in her life, suffered from cancer but her spirit was still upright for she was so good and religious.
(ii) ‘Frightening’ is the adjective form of ‘brightened’.
(iii)’ ‘Innocent’ is the opposite meaning to’guilty’.
(iv) Frightened is similar in meaning to ‘scared’.

3. Then in somewhat a more heightened tone, I told how, though their great-grandmother Field loved all her grand-children, yet in an especial manner she might be said to love their uncle, John Lamb, because he was so handsome and spirited youth, and a king to the rest of us; and, instead of moping about in solitary corners, like some of us, he would mount the most mettlesome horse he could get, when but an imp no bigger than themselves, and make it carry him half over the county in a morning, and join the hunters when there were any out and yet he loved the old great house and gardens too, but had too much spirit to be always pent up within their boundaries and how their uncle grew up to man’s estate as brave as he was handsome, to the admiration of everybody, but of their great-grandmother Field, most especially.
(Page 24)

Questions:
(i) Whom did the grandmother love in a special manner? Why?
(ii) Give noun form of the word ‘spirited’.
(iii) Give a word meaning same as ‘lonely’.
(iv) Find a word from the passage which means opposite to ‘condemn’?
Answers:
(i) The grandmother loved John Lamb, the elder brother of the writer in a special manner because he was very handsome and spirited.
(ii) ‘Spirit’is the noun form of word’spirited’.
(iii) ‘Solitary’ is similar in meaning to ‘lonely’.
(iv) ‘Admire’ is opposite to ‘condemn’.

MP Board Class 12th English A Voyage Textbook (Fiction and Drama)

• Invocation Class 12 Questions And Answers
• The Diamond Necklace Class 12 Questions And Answers
• Goodbye Party for Miss Pushpa T.S. Class 12 Questions And Answers
• Dream-Children: A Reverie Class 12 Questions And Answers
• Our Casuarina Tree Class 12 Questions And Answers
• If the Well Goes Dry Class 12 Questions And Answers
• A Prayer for My Daughter Class 12 Questions And Answers
• The Beggar Class 12 Questions And Answers
• After Apple-Picking Class 12 Questions And Answers
• On Umbrella Morals Class 12 Questions And Answers
• My Father Travels Class 12 Questions And Answers
• Youth and the Tasks Ahead Class 12 Questions And Answers
• On His Being Arrived at the Age of Twenty-three Class 12 Questions And Answers
• Albert-Einstein at School Class 12 Questions And Answers
• To Autumn Class 12 Questions And Answers
• Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Class 12 Questions And Answers
• The Last Ride Together Class 12 Questions And Answers
• The Abominable Snowman Class 12 Questions And Answers
• The Gita and Swadharma Class 12 Questions And Answers
• Swami and Friends Class 12 Questions And Answers
• The Silver Box Class 12 Questions And Answers

MP Board Class 11th Special English Important Exercises: From Work Book

Question 1.
Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions :

1. I will go to the hospital on my way to school.
2. The temple is on the top of the hill, we’ll start climbing from six o’clock in the morning and reach there in the afternoon.
3. The batsman hit the ball into the fence and scored six runs.
4. He was not allowed to enter the theatre as he was below eighteen years of a.
5. Go straight to the square and then turn to the comer.
6. You can reach the station by taxi in ten minutes.
7. The girl with blue eyes has just gone out of the door.
8. You can cut the apple into two with this knife.

Question 2.
Prepositions have not been used correctly in the sentences below, correct them and rewrite the sentences :
1. She entered into the room and began talking.
Answer :
She entered the room and began talking.

2. The river is flowing below the bridge.
Answer :
The river is flowing under the bridge.

3. He died from cancer.
Answer :
He died of cancer.

4. I have been waiting for you since four hours.
Answer :
I have been waiting for you for four hours.

5. She is suffering with malaria.
Answer :
She is suffering from malaria.

6. I prefer tea for coffee.’
Answer :
I prefer tea to coffee.

7. Water freezes when temperature falls under 0° Celsius.
Answer :
Water freezes when temperature falls below 0° Celsius.

Question 3.
(a) Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions :
1. You must concentrate on your studies.
2. The teacher said, “Boys, listen to me.”
3. I was marvelled by his sense of humour.
4. The workers are protesting against the cut in their wages.
5. I am waiting for your reply.
6. Refrain him from taking any rash action.
7. We take pride in our heritage.

(b) Put an appropriate preposition after the verb in each sentence. Then use your own ideas to complete each sentence. One is done for you:
1. I broke her glasses and she made me pay for a new pair.
2. I am excited because I am going to play in it.
3. He was not paying attention and crashed into a nearby pond.
4. I have to stay home tonight and prepare for my examination.
5. All the furniture in the room belongs to me.
6. Whether or not we go out depends upon the weather.

Question 4.
(a) Replace the underlined words with phrasal verbs :
1. The child wrote something and then erased it.
Answer :
The child wrote something and then ruilbod ito

2. He telephoned the theatre to book seats for tonight.
Answer :
He rang up the theatre to book seats for tonight.

3. I could no understand what you had written.
Answer :
I could no get through what you had written.

4. Please remove your shoes before you enter the room.
Answer :
Please take off your shoes before you enter the room.

5. He continued speaking for an hour.
Answer :
He went on speaking for an hour.

6. The old man abandoned smoking.
Answer :
The old man gave up smoking.

7. He extinguished the light and went to bed.
Answer :
He blew out the light and went to bed..

8. The air-conditioner is noi working. Will you please summon the mechanic.
Answer :
The air-conditioner is not working. Will you please call for the mechanic.

9. He withdrew his resignation after much persuasion.
Answer :
He took back his resignation after much persuasion.

10. We started our journey in the morning.
Answer :
We set off our journey in the morning.

11. The meeting was postponed because of the lack of quorum.
Answer :
The meeting was put off because of the lack of quorum.

12. He wore his shirt and went out.
Answer :
He put on his shirt and went out.

13. The boys fled from school to play,
Answer :
The boys got away from school to play.

14. My boss rejected my application for leave.
Answer :
My boss turned down my application for leave.

(b) Insert a or an where necessary :

1. Rama is a good cook.
2. He said, “I shall be back in an hour.”
3. There is an hourly train from Bhopal to Indore.
4. She is a paying guest.
5. We have recently bought a scooter.
6. He is an extraordinary man.
7. My neighbour is a farmer.
8. He has recently purchased a cow and a buffalo.
9. He is a magician.
10. Here is a pen and a piece of paper for you to wite a letter.

(c) Complete the following sentences by using the words given in bracket :
1. She was thirsty. She needed a glass of water. (glass, water)
2. I want to write a letter. Give me a piece of paper. (piece, paper)
3. I am confused. I want a word of advice. (word, advice)
4. He has difficulty in reading. He needs to buy a pair of spectacles.(pair, spectacles)
5. They are all hungry. They all need a glass of milk each. (glass, milk)
6. They are tired, They want a bit rest. (bit, rest)
7. The country has made a lot of progress. (lot, progress)
8. A lot of people. (lot, people) are coming to attend the meeting.
9. I am thankful to you. You have given me a lot of advice. (lot, advice)
10. Recently they have grown rich. They have purchased a lot of diamonds. (lot, diamonds)

(d) Make the following sentences singular. Remember to add ‘a or an’ and change the verb from plural to singular, if required :
1. Children love to play.
A child loves to play.

2. Architects make plans of buildings.
An architect makes plan of a building.

3. Cows are useful animals.
A cow is a useful animal.

4. Teachers are men of words.
A teacher is a man of words.

5. Doctors cure patients.
A doctor cures a patient.

6. Teachers teach students.
A teacher teach student.

7. They are anarchists.
He is an anarchists.

8. Nationalists are hard to find.
A nationalist is hard to find.

9. Tables are made of wood.
A table is made of wood.

10. Ministers have become gods today.
A minister has become God today.

Question 5.
(a) Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with the words provided in brackets.

Use ‘the’ where necessary :
1. The box is made of wood. (wood)
2. In India the coins. (coins) are made of copper. (copper).
3. The gold (gold) mined in India is of poor (poor) quality.
4. The dinner (dinner) they gave yesterday was excellent.
5. Do you take tea (fea) daily?
6. He is the only. only (teacher) of English known all over the state.
7. Is beauty (beauty) really skin deep?
8. He read all the morning. (morning)
9. They are really poor. They cannot make the body (body) and soul (soul) meet together.
10. This letter was delivered to me by hand. (hand)

(b) Use the following nouns in two ways,
(a) with the
(b) without the in your own sentences :
air : Air is becoming more and more polluted.
The air of this room seems stale.

copper: Copper is useful metal.
The copper of Indian coins is not good.

water: Water is required for life.
The water of river Ganga is very much polluted.

paper: Save paper to save trees.
The paper of currency note is special quality.

gold : Gold is a precious metal.
The Gold of my ring is very pure.

kindness : Kindness is a great virtue.
The kindness shown by him will never be forgotten.

(c) Rewrite the following sentences using the nouns given in brackets with the where necessary :

1. He had severe pain in the stomach and was admitted to hospital. (hospital)
2. Today I would go to the hospital) to ask about his health.
3. He was found guilty of theft and sent to prison (prison.)
4. I want to go to the (prison) to see him if I am given permission.
5. My granddaughter is old enough to be admitted to school. (school)
6. I would go to the (school) next Monday to collect the admission form.
7. Muslims go to mosque (mosque) for prayer every Friday.
8. I stood outside the (mosque) to a wait his return.
9. People do not usually go to office (office) on Sunday.
10. I have not been to cinema (cinema) for several months now.

(d) Write a, an or the where required. In some cases the sentence may already be correct simply write correct :
1. Have you ever eaten cheese?
2. I am too tired to go home. I will take bus.
3. I wish I knew how to play harmonium.
4. I used to play cricket while at school.
5. He would not get job, even if he applied for it.
6. Have you read book I gave you yesterday.
7. Earth goes round sun.
Answer :
1. correct,
2. a bus,
3. correct,
4. correct,
5. the job,
6. the book,
7. the earth the sun.

Question 6.
Fill in the blanks with some or any :
1. I have read it in some book or other.
2. Karan has hidden the money in some place.
3. We do not know if there are any survivors of the plane crash.
4. Does Raina has any talent for painting?
5. I am very hungry. Will you give me some food?
6. I know you enjoy coffee. Would you like some more?
7. These boys earn some money by selling fruits.,
8. They receive some new books every month.
9. Karan left home without any luggage.
10. Some boy came to see you, when you had gone to school.

Question 7.
Fill in the blanks with few, a few or the few whichever is proper :
1. Mr. Saxena is a man of few words.
2. Very few students learn Persian these days.
3. The few shirts he has are all tom.
4. They have been to our place quite a few times.
5. We have had a few replies to our queries.

Question 8.
In the following sentences use much, many or a lot of as required :
1. Karan has many problems to solve.
2. He always takes a lot of sugar in his tea.
3. There are many temples in this town.
4. We haven’t had much rain in Bhopal this year.
5. We do not have a lot of money to spend.
6. Are there many books on Grammar in this library?
7. He is very popular. He has a lot of friends.
8. I am very busy today. I have a lot of work to do.,

Question 9.
Fill in the blanks with one of the words given in brackets (In some cases two answers may be possible) : (Imp)
1. These books are all Karan’s. (all, both)
2. Not all the people who were invited were present. (all, both)
3. He can write with both his hands. (all, both)
4. He has two sons, both are in America. (all, Both) (MP 2013)
5. These mangoes are rupees five each. (each, every)
6. The Olympic Games are held every four year. (each, every)
7. Käran plays cricket every Sunday. (each, every)
8. He enjoyed every minute of his stay in Houston. (each, every)
9. Every book on grammar has been purchased in the library. (each, every)
10. Each boy was presented with a dictionary. (each, every)

Question 10.
Complete the following sentences by using no or not :
1. No shops were open today.
2. I have got no money in my purse.
3. No student is expected to leave the room.
4. It is not easy to bag the first prize.
5. You must not go.

11. Complete the following sentences with either or neither : (Imp)
1. Neither of my sons is a doctor. (MP 2013)
2. Can either of you speak English?
3. I was invited to two marriage receptions but I did not attend either.
4. There were two messages received this morning but neither of them was for me.
5. We could not open the room because neither of us had a key.

Question 12.
(a) Fill in the blanks a modal for the modalities shown in brackets after each sentence:
1. People from India may travel to Nepal without a passport. (permission)
2. Due to drought, the prices may go up. (possibility)
3. The principal might becoming. It is time he generally comes. (doubt ful possibility)
4. A little boy like him can’t climb up the hill. (capability in negative)
5. People could go about freely before the blast. (permission in the past)
6. Would you dine with me tonight? (request)
7. His friends deceived him, otherwise he could win the election. (unfulfilled possibility in the past)
8. They can take possession of the house tomorrow. (permission)
9. Can you speak French? She wants a translator. (ability)
10. He is blind. He can’t see. (power in negative)
11. Buy the tickets in advance so that you may avoid standing in the queue. (purpose)
12. How can a man be so damaned to kill so many innocent animals. (disbelief)

(b) Use the correct modal, Choose from can, could, may and might:
1. Keep all the items ready so that the programme may not be delayed.
2. Can you define a modal? Yes, I can.
3. The flights might be delayed for a snag in the wheel :
4. My son could walk ten miles at a stretch before the accident.
5. No one can beat him in chess.
6. Could you permit me to have some rest?
7. You left the door open. The birds might have flown.
8. Can you speak English? She wants a translator. (M.P. 2013)

(C) Use suitable modal from amongst ‘must, should, ought to, needn’t’ as required :
1. Attendance in school is obligatory. The students must take note of it. (external obligation)
2. Your behaviour should be above suspicion. (necessity)
3. Non-violence should be practised in letter and spirit. (advisability as a matter of conscience)
4. Demand for dowry is a crime. People ought to shun it. (obligation of law)
5. If you wish to learn English, you should read English newspaper everyday. (advice)
6. I needn’t pay the bill. Somebody has already paid it. (lack of obligation)
7. We ought to keep the public toilets clean after use. (moral obligation)
8. People should use their franchise. (general advice)
9. Should you see the thief, please inform the police. (chance happening, replacement of‘if)
10. You needn’t go on foot. You can take my scooter. (absence of obligation)
11. She has failed. She should have worked hard. (unfulfilled obligation)
12. She needn’t come every day. She can come on alternate days.(lack of compulsion)

(d) Use must, should, ought to, needn’t as required :
1. An enemy must be treated as enemy.
2. A good citizen should not accept undue advantages.
3. He said to his grandfather, “You needn’t work anymore”.
4. Bill Gates should be a happy man, I suppose.
5. Some books should be read only in parts, but some must be read wholly, diligently and attentively.
6. If a man writes a little, he ought to have a good memory.
7. You needn’t buy books if you have access to the internet.
8. A child’s birthday must be celebrated solemnly.
9. Every child born into the world is a gift of god. We ought to be very gentle with it.
10. If India has to avoid disgrace, they must win this match.
11. Truth must be told.
12. The match should have been finished by now.

Question 13.
(a) Use a suitable modal as required :
1. Before his illness his father used to walk six miles everyday. (discontinued habit)
2. She will have to go on foot as her bicycle had a flat tyre. (act under compulsion)
3. These days I have to work overtime to meet my expenses. (force of circumstances in the present)
4. How dare you abuse me like this? (courage)
5. My teacher used to shout at the students when they made mistakes. (habitual action in the past)
6. Most of the poor have to live on a single meal a day. (under force of circumstance in the present)
7. It used to be very cold here. Now the climate has changed. (contrasting the past with the present.
8. You daren’t challenge him. He is so stout. (lack of courage)

(b) Fill in the blanks with ‘used to’, ‘have to’, ‘has to’:
1. Many people in India have to go to bed with empty stomach. (M.P. 2013)
2. She used to live in a small room before joining service.
3. All his money was spent. He has to sell his house,
4. My neighbour used to drink heavily before his death.
5. They have to face such heavy odds.
6. As a student, Mr. Verma used to live in a hostel.
7. Those days I used to work under a hard taskmaster.

(c) Fill in the blanks with the right alternative :
1. The poor boys ……………… undertake menial tasks to support their families :
(a) have had to (b) has to (c) have to (d) had to.

2. My father …………….. hard when he was young:
(a) used to work (b) did use to work (c) had worked to (d) uses to work.

3. My father ……………….. sell his house for the marriage of my sister ten years ago :
(a) has to (b) will have to (c) had to (d) has not to.

4. A constable ……………… challenge the S.P. as he is very strict
(a) didn’t dare to (b) hardly dared to (c) hardly dared (d) daren’t.

5. I ……………….. wear a long coat when I was a child :
(a) use to (b) did use to (c) need to (d) used to

6. My wife ………………. cook in the morning. The maid does it :
(a) doesn’t have to (b) is not to (c) have not to (d) don’t have to

7. She ……………….. a pilot. Now she is a housewife :
(a) used to be (b) had to be (c) had better be. (d) didn’t use to be.

8. The gardener ……………….. the garden by himself. Now he has fallen ill :
(a) have to dig (b) will have to dig (c) has to dig (d) had to dig.

9. I.. ……………..do it all alone whatever you may say :
(a) have not to (b) have to (c) am not to (d) am to.
Answer :
1. (c), 2. (a), 3. (C), 4. (d), 5. (d), 6. (a), 7. (a), 8. (d), 9. (b).

Question 14.
Use the proper form of the verbs given in brackets to form simple present tense sentences :
1. Water boil at 100 degree Celsius. (boil)
2. She cries when she is hungry. (cry)
3. They are vegetarians. They never eat meat. (eat)
4. Do you always have milk before going to bed? (have)
5. The District Education Officer always inspects this school on a Monday. (inspect)
6. Fish swims in water. (swim)
7. The Shatabadi Express seldom comes late. (come)
8. Karan does his homework everyevening: (do)
9. Empty vessels always make much noise. (make)
10. Barking dogs seldom bite. (bite)

Question 15.
Fill in the blanks in the following sentences using either present simple or present continuous forms of verbs provided in brackets :
1. My cousin is arriving tomorrow. (arrive)
2. They never drink water during meals. (drink)
3. Karan is working on his school project at this moment. (work)
4. Raina sleeps often (sleep) on the sofa while watching T.V. (watch)
5. The Himalayas divide India and Tibet. (divide)
6. Raina cannot come to see you. She is writing a letter now. (write)
7. Raina is having a party today as it is her birthday. (have)
8. My mother is preparing s special dish now. (prepare)
9. What examination are you and your sister are studying for at the moment? (study)
10. They never have coffee. (have)

Question 16.
Fill in the blanks in the following sentences using the appropriate time expres sions :
1. His English has improved considerably …………..
(i) I saw him last
(ii) he has started taking lessons
(iii) May 1999.

2. He has not read a newspaper …….
(i) as long as I can remember
(ii) yesterday
(iii) more than a year.

3. My father has not come home ………..
(i) mybirth
(ii) I went to school
(iii) four years.

4. I have not caught a cold ………….
(i) my childhood i
(ii) many years
(iii) last year.

5. They have not been to a school ………….
(i) their birth
(ii) a long time
(iii) two months now.
Answer :
1. (ii), 2. (iii), 3. (iii), 4. (iii), 5. (ii).

Question 17.
Rewrite the following sentences using the verbs provided in brackets in the present perfect or present perfect continuous form as required :
1. Karan has been attending the Cricket Academy for the last four years. Now he can play well (attend)
2. Nidhi has already taken the Linguaphone course. (take)
3. She has been living here for two years now. (live)
4. Professor Saxena has adopted several different methods of teaching verbs. (adopt)
5. He has been teaching foreign students for about six years. (teach)

Question 18.
Read the situations and write one complete sentence for each as given in example:

Example :
Roma started working on computer at 7 o’clock.
She is still working on it.
Answer :
Roma has been working on computer since 7 o’clock.

1. We started living in Bhopal in 1990.
We are still living in Bhopal.
Answer :
We have been living in Bhopal since 1990.

2. The gardener started mowing the grass two hours ago.
He is still mowing it.
Answer :
The gardener has been mowing the grass for two hours.

3. My mother started decorating the house in the morning.
She is still decorating it.
Answer :
My mother has been decorating the house since morning.

4. I started reading Shakespear’s “Hamlet’ three hours ago.
I am still reading it.
Answer :
I have been reading Shakespear’s ‘Hamlet for three hours.

5. They began their tour three months ago.
They are travelling round Singapore at the moment.
Answer :
They have been travelling round Singapore for the last three months.

6. Abbas and Aditi started making films when they left college.
They are still making films.
Answer :
Abbas and Aditi have been making films since they left college.

7. My brother began playing chess when he was only three.
He is still playing it.
Answer :
My brother has been playing chess since he was three.

8. Puran started painting the walls four hours ago.
He is still painting the walls.
Answer :
Puran has been painting the walls for four hours.

Question 19.
(a) Use the verrbs provided in brackets in Simple Past Tense :
1. Raina went to the market after school. (go)
2. My sister saw a beggar an hour ago. (see)
3. Karan visited his grandparents yesterday. (visit)
4. Raina did not do her homework because she was ill. (do, be)
5. I took the entrance examination in 2005. (take)

(b) Rewrite the following sentences into the simple Past Tense. Also add an appropri ate adverbial in each case from the list provided here : yesterday, last month, last year, sometimes ago, this morning :
1. It suddenly becomes hot.
Answer :
It suddenly became hot yesterday.

2. We are in a difficult situation.
Answer :
Last month we were in a difficult situation.

3. My sister teaches me.
Answer :
My sister taught me last year.

4. The doctor looks after patients.
Answer :
The doctor looked after patients.

5. Rohan get’s up early.
Answer :
Yesterday, Rohan got up early.

Question 20.
Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with the Past Continuous form of the verbs given in brackets :
1. What were you doing when the accident occurred? (do)
2. I was changing the bulb that had burnt out. (change)
3. At 5 O’clock it was raining. (rain)
4. When Karan called I was sleeping. (sleep)
5. The postman came when I was sleeping. (sleep)
6. When I was eating lunch Soha was reading. (read)
7. When they were waiting for the train, they saw Prachi. (wait)
8. While mother was cooking lunch, father was watching the T.V. (cook, watch)
9. When I went to her house she was not there. She was studying at the liberty. (study)
10. While I was watching a horror film on the T.V., the power went out. (watch)

Question 21.
Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with Past Simple or Past Perfect form of the verbs provided in brackets :
1. By the time the ambulance arrived the patient mokycan Parrive die
2. Several hours before the cricket match …… the spectators . ….. the stadium. (start, fill)
3. We ………….. to this house in 2001 and…………… here ever since. (come, live)
4. When I …………… a boy we …………… on a farm. (be, live)
5. Mother ………….. very tired as she …………… the whole day. (be, work)
Answer :
1. arrived, had died,
2. started, had filled,
3. came, had lived,
4. was, lived,
5. was, had worked.

Question 22.
(a) Prachi does the following things everyday. Tell what she is going to do tomorrow (Use be going to form) :
1. Prachi gets up at 7 O’clock.
Answer :
Prachi is going to get up at 7 O’clock.
2. She has bath. Answer : She is going to have bath. (arrive, die)
3. She puts on her school uniform. Answer : She is going to put on her school uniform.
4. She puts on shoes. Answer : She is going to put on shoes.
5. She has breakfast. Answer : She is going to have breakfast.

(b) Combine the following pairs of sentences using a suitable verb in its-ing form :
Example :
(a) Don’t eat stale food.
(b) It is harmful for health.

Eating stale food is harmful for health.
1. She talks too much. Nobody likes it.
Answer :
Talking too much is not liked by anybody.

2. Don’t break the rules of the road. It is harmful for all.
Answer :
Breaking the rules of the road. It is harmful for all.

3. We must appreciate our friends’ achievements. It promotes goodwill.
Answer :
Appreciating friend’s achievements promoters goodwill.

4. One should do one’s work in time. It brings success in life.
Answer :
Doing work in time brings success in life.

5. The team did well in the match. All appreciated them..
Answer :
The team’s doing well in the match was appreciated by all..

Question 23.
Use the Gerund or Infinitive form of the words given in brackets and complete the sentences :
1. I dislike to get up early. (get)
2. Would you mind opening the window, please? (open)
3. My little daughter likes to play with dolls. (play)
4. They were surprised to hear the news. (hear)
5. All the students were prevented from attending the party. (attend)

Question 24.
Fill in with the correct non-finite verb-forms :
1. Smoking is harmful. (smoke)
2. My landlord is a dreading fellow. (dread)
3. Your performance was entertaining. (entertain)
4. He loves to walking. (walk)
5. We are generally afraid of dieing. (die)
6. Your comments are disheartening. (dishearten)
7. To fight/fighting for the country is an honour. (fight)
8. Poverty presents a depressing sight. (depress)
9. Swimming is the best exercise. (swim)
10. I have a written text of the speech. (write)

Question 25.
Rewrite the following sentences, using the participle construction, as shown in example:

Example :
The thief saw the policemen and ran away.
Seeing the policemen, the thief ran away.

1. I saw him weeping and went to see what was wrong.
Answer :
Seeing him weeping I wen to see what was wrong.

2. As the weather was fine, we went for a picnic.
Answer :
The weather being fine we went for a picnic.

3. She walked up to the front door and rang the bell.
Answer :
Walking up to the front door she rang the bell.

4. My little son heard the noise and woke up.
Answer :
Hearing the noise my little son woke up.

5. When I returned home, I found my kids playing outside.
Answer :
Returning home I found my kids playing outside.

6. The policemen ran with all his might and caught the thief.
Answer :
Running with all his might the policeman caught the thief.

7. As he was defeated in the match, he decided not to play cricket again.
Answer :
Being defeated in the match he decided not to play cricket again.

8. My father put on his overcoat and went for a walk.
Answer :
Putting on his overcoat my father went for a walk.

9. I wished to see Mohan, I sent for him.
Answer :
Wishing to see Mohan, I sent for him.

10. He failed in the examination, he game up his studies.
Answer :
Having failed in the examination, he game up his studies.

11. He was tired of walking. He sat down to rest.
Answer :
Tired (or being tired) of walking, he sat down to rest.

12. The magician took pily on the cat. He turned it into a dog.
Answer :
Talking pily on the cat the magician turned it into a dog.

13. He selected a sight. He began to build a house.
Answer :
Having selected a site, he began to build a house.

14. He finished his dinner, he went out for a walk.
Answer :
Finishing his work, he went out for a walk.

15. She receiving a telegram. She because very sad.
Answer :
Receiving a telegram she because very sad.

Question 26.
Make meaningful sentences in passive voice from the table given below. Use proper forms of verbs given in B :

‘A’	’B’	‘C’	‘D’
All the students	stitch		tailors
Badminton	call	on	the hospitals
The notice	display	in	interview
Patients	treat	for	the notice board
Wheat	teach	by	the USA and Japan
Grammar	grow		an indoor stadium
Shirts	manufacture		fields
Cameras	play		schools

Answer :
1. All the students were called for interview.
2. Badminton is played in an indoor stadium,
3. The notice was displayed on the notice board.
4. Patients are treated in the hospitals.
5. Wheat is grown in fields.
6. Grammar is taught in schools.
7. Shirts are stitched by tailors.
8. Cameras are manufactured by the USA and Japan.

Question 27.
Put the following sentences into the passive form:
1. The king gave him a reward.
Answer :
He was rewarded by the king.

2. They were plucking flowers in the park.
Answer :
Flowers were being plucked by them in the park.

3. One should keep one’s promise.
Answer :
Promises should be kept.

4. Who told you the truth?
Answer :
By whom was truth told to you?

5. All trust an honest man.
Answer :
An honest man is trusted by all.

6. Somebody has cleaned the room.
Answer :
The room has been cleaned.

7. We shall play the match tomorrow.
Answer :
The match shall be played by us tomorrow.

8. Why did the teacher punish the students?
Answer :
Why were the students punished by the teacher?

9. Someone has already switched off the light.
Answer :
The light has already been switched off.

10. We should not waste our time in gossiping.
Answer :
Our time should not be wasted by us in gossiping.

11. My grandmother tell me many amusing stories about Birbal.
Answer :
I am told many amusing stories about Birbal by my grandmother.

12. The manager dismissed him from service for his rude behaviour.
Answer :
He was dismissed from service by the manager for rude behaviour.

13. They laughed at her.
Answer :
She was laughed at.

14. Post this letter.
Answer :
Let this letter be posted.

15. One should keep one’s promises.
Answer :
Promises should be kept.

16. A mad dog bil his sister
Answer :
His sister was bitten by a mad dog.

17. Some one has stolen my books.
Answer :
My book have been stolen.

18. I taught him english.
Answer :
He was taught english by me..

19. We shall pardon has.
Answer :
She will be pardon by us.

20. Do not touch this wire. (M.P. 2010)
Answer :
Let this wire not be touched.

21. They were making a notice.
Answer :
A notice was being made by them.

22. All trust an honest man. (M.P. 2011)
Answer :
An honest man is trusted by all.

Question 28.
Change the following sentences into the Indirect Narration : :

1. He said to me, “I have asked you not to tell lies”.
Answer :
He said to me that he had asked me not to tell lies.

2. He said, “It is time we depart.”
Answer :
He told that it was time they depart.

3. She said, “I am waiting and watching and longing for my son’s return.”
Answer :
She said that she was waiting and watching and longing for her son’s return.

4. She said to her sister, “I want to show you something.”
Answer :
She said to her sister that she wanted to show her something.

5. My mother said to me, “I am cooking your favourite dish today.”
Answer :
My mother told me that she was cooking my favourite dish that day.

6. The shopkeeper said, “Here is your packet.”
Answer :
The shopkeeper told that there my packet was.

7. She said to her brother, “I have washed your clothes in the morning.”
Answer :
She told her brother that she had washed his clothes in the morning.

8. They said to the teacher, “We want to play football.”
Answer :
They told the teacher that they wanted to play football.

9. He said, ‘You better tell Tom’.
Answer :
He said that I better told Tom.

Question 29.
Change the following sentences into Indirect Narration :
1. She said to me, “Where do you live?”
Answer :
She asked me that where I lived.

2. He said to me, “Will you show me your homework?”
Answer :
He asked me if I would show him my homework.

3. She said to her brother, “What do you want?”
Answer :
She asked her brother that what he wanted.

4. He said, “When will you return?”
Answer :
He asked him when he would return.

5. I said to him, “Which book do you like most?”
Answer :
I asked him that which book he liked most.

6. Raina said to him, “Which way did the man go?”
Answer :
Raina asked him that which way the man went.

Question 30.
Change the following sentences into Indirect narration :

1. The old man said to the villager, “Please bring me a glass of milk.”
Answer :
The old man requested the villager to bring him a glass of milk.

2. The king said to the hatter, “Take off your hat.”
Answer :
The king ordered the hatter to take off his hat.

3. The teacher said, “Sit down, boys.”
Answer :
The teacher ordered the boys to sit down.

4. He said to his servant, “Go to the bazaar and bring me some oil.”
Answer :
He ordered his servant to go to the bazar and bring him some oil.

5. The teacher said to her, “Don’t read so fast.”
Answer :
The teacher commanded her not to read so fast.

6. He said, “Rina, go to the well and fetch me some water.”
Answer :
He ordered Rina, to go to the well and fetch him some water.

Question 31.
Change the following sentences into Indirect Narration :

1. He said angrily, “What a stupid fellow you are!”
Answer :
He shouted at him angrily that he was a very stupid fellow.

2. She looked at the Taj and said, “What a beautiful building!”
Answer :
She looked at the Taj and exclaimed with wonder that it was a very beautiful building.

3. He said, “My God! I am ruined !”
Answer :
He exclaimed with sorrow that he was ruined.

4. She said to me, “How smart you are !”
Answer :
He exclaimed at me with wonder that he was very smart.

5. He said to the soldier, “Alas ! ! our foes are too strong!”
Answer :
He exclaimed to his soldiers with regret that their foes were to strong.

6. They said Hurrah! we have won the match.
Answer :
They exclaimed with delight that they had won the match.

Question 32. Make complex sentences adding Noun Clauses :
1. . It is said that honesty is the best policy.
2. Pay attention to what your parents say.
3. The message said that my brother was arriving tomorrow.
4. I was told that today would be holiday.
5. I feel that it will rain tonight.
6. She is hopeful that he will come.
7. The question is that who will bell the cat.
8. The rumour that he is sick turned out to be a false one.

Question 33.
Complete the questions given below :
1. What is the name of the place where you went last year?
2. What is the name of the object which you are looking for?
3. What is the name of the film that we saw last week?
4. What is the name of the singer who has sung the little song of this movie?
5. What is the name of the stadium where the match is being played?

Question 34.
Complete the following sentences by adding suitable adjective clauses:
1. No one can tell the reason why our team lost the match.
2. Mr. Sharma who is an opthalmologist lives near my house.
3. The pen which my brother gifted me is very expensive.
4. A person who acts in a movie or play is called an actor.
5. He has a brother who loves him very much.
6. The flowers which were blooming in the morning have faded.
7. I have spent the money which did not belong to me.
8. This is the place where I was born.
9. Youth is the time when one dares to challenge everyone.

Question 35.
Rewrite the following sentences by changing the underlined phrase/clause to relative clause :
1. A man of simple nature is liked by all.
Answer :
A man who has simple nature is liked by all.

2. Men with good management skills are needed everywhere.
Answer :
Men who have good management skills are needed everywhere.

3. I don’t know the reason for his failure.
Answer :
I don’t know the reason why he failed.

4. Do you know the time of her return?
Answer :
Do you know the time when she will return?

5. Can you tell me his dwelling place?
Answer :
Can you tell me the place where he is dwelling?

6. A science book with colourful diagrams and figures is useful for all the learners.
Answer :
A science book which has colourful diagrams and figures is useful for all the learners.

7. The man without music in his soul can’t live life in full.
Answer :
The man who does not have music in his soul can’t live life in full.

Question 36.
Make complex sentences by adding adverb clauses :
1. Be careful lest you should fall.
2. Let us stay here till the sun sets.
3. The doctor had arrived before the death of the patient.
4. She came to school though she had applied for leave.
5. The accident took place where there is a blind turn.
6. They will go out to play when the rain stops.
7. He is wearing a coat as if he is a lawyer.
8. The grapes were so expensive that I could not buy them.
9. He ran very fast so that he should not miss the train.
10. It was a much better entertainment than what we experienced yesterday.

Question 37.
Replace the underline phrase by an Adverb Clause, as given in the example :

Example:
On his return, we asked about his journey.
When he returned, we asked about his journey.

1. I shall wait for you till the end of the week.
Answer :
I shall wait for you till the week comes to an end.

2. The weather is too cold to go out.
Answer :
The weather is so cold that one cannot go out.

3. He talked like a mad.
Answer :
He talked as if he was a mad.

4. On seeing the snake he ran away.
Answer :
When he saw the snake, he ran away.

5. Having done his work he switched off the light.
Answer :
When he did his work, he switched off the light.

6. They behave like fools.
Answer :
They behave as if they are fools.

Question 38.
Combine the following pairs of sentences by turning one of them into an Ad verb/Adjective/Noun clause :
1. You are the royal priest.
You must be very wise.
Answer :
As you are the royal priest you must be very wise.

2. A balloon filled with hot air always goes up.
Do you know it?
Answer :
Do you know that a balloon filled with hot air always goes up.

3. I want to score high marks.
I am working hard for it.
Answer :
I am working hard because I want to score high marks.

4. My bag is missing.
I had kept all my money in it.
Answer :
My bag in which I had kept all my money is missing.

5. I have just met a man in the party.
He is a magician.
Answer :
The man I just met in the party is a magician.

6. He will be cured.
The doctor is hopeful.
Answer :
The doctor is hopeful that he will be cured.

7. The time given was short.
I couldn’t answer all the questions.
Answer :
The time given was so short that I couldn’t answer all the questions.

8. You were absent yesterday.
Can you tell me the reason?
Answer :
Can you tell me the reason for which you were absent yesterday?

9. He was not doing his homework regularly.
This was the complaint.
Answer :
It complained that he was not doing his homework regularly.

10. She worked in a factory.
It was caught in a fire yesterday.
Answer :
She worked in a factory that was caught in a fire yesterday.

MP Board Class 11th Special English Important Questions

Class 11 English The Spectrum Chapter 6 Laxmi and the Doll Questions and Answers

Laxmi and the Doll Class 11th Question Answer

Word Power

A. Match the words under column A with the explanations given under B:
कॉलम A में दिए गए शब्दों से कॉलम B में दी गई व्याख्याओं से मिलान करो।।
Answer:
1 +8, 2+4,3+7,4+2,5+3,6 + 1,7+6,8+5.

B. Consult a dictionary and find out the synonyms of the given words:
किसी शब्दकोश में छोड़कर दिए गए शब्दों के समानार्थक शब्द ढूँदिए।
Answer:

1. clear, apparent
2. border, boundary
3. wealth, treasure,
4. grasped, embraced
5. assert, demand.

Comprehension

A. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences each.
नीचे दिये हुए प्रश्नों का एक या दो वाक्यों में उत्तर दीजिए।।

Question 1.
Where had Lakshmi’s husband gone ?
लक्ष्मी का पति कहाँ चला गया था ?
Answer:
He had gone to some foreign country.
वह किसी दूसरे देश में गया था।

Question 2.
How did she treat her mother-in-law ?
वह अपनी सास से कैसा व्यवहार करती थी ?
Answer:
She loved and respected her mother-in-law.
वह अपनी सास से प्यार करती थी और उनका सम्मान भी करती थी।

Question 3.
What did Lakshmi’s mother-in-law give her when she was dying? (2008)
मृत्यु के समय लक्ष्मी की सास ने उसे क्या दिया था ?
Answer:
Her mother-in-law gave her a wooden doll.
उसकी सास ने उसे एक लकड़ी की गुड़िया दी थी।

Question 4.
How did Lakshmi behave towards the doll? (2008, 10)
गुड़िया के प्रति लक्ष्मी का व्यवहार कैसा था ?
Answer:
She gave the same respect to it as she gave to her mother-in-law.
वह उसे वही सम्मान देती थी जो वह अपनी सास को देती थी।

Question 5.
Why did Lakshmi go to the jungle? (2009, 13, 15)
लक्ष्मी जंगल में क्यों गई थी ?
Answer:
She went to the jungle to collect firewood.
वह जंगल में जलाऊ लकड़ी लाने गई थी।

Question 6.
Why did she climb a tree?
वह पेड़ पर क्यों चढ़ी थी?
Answer:
She climbed the tree because it was safe to sit there during the night.
वह पेड़ पर इसलिए चढ़ी कि रात के समय वहाँ बैठना अधिक सुरक्षित था।

Question 7.
What did the robbers do under the tree that Lakshmi was sitting on ?
लक्ष्मी जिस पेड़ पर बैठी थी उसके नीचे डाकुओं ने क्या किया ?
Answer:
They sat under the tree and were dividing the loot.
वे पेड़ के नीचे बैठ कर लूट के माल का बंटवारा कर रहे थे।

Question 8.
Why did they argue ?
उनमें वाद-विवाद क्यों हुआ ?
Answer:
They argued because each one wanted a bigger share.
उनमें वाद-विवाद इस कारण हुआ क्योंकि प्रत्येक अधिक हिस्सा चाहता था।

Question 9.
Why did they flee?
वे क्यों भाग खड़े हुए ?
Answer:
When the doll struck the head of the leader of the group, they thought that they had been attacked.
जब गुड़िया दल के मुखिया के सिर पर गिरी तो वे समझे कि उन पर हमला हो गया है।

Question 10.
What happened to Lakshmi’s husband when he was returning home?
जब लक्ष्मी का पति वापस घर लौट रहा था तो उसके साथ क्या घटना घटी ?
Answer:
While he was passing through the jungle, three robbers looted his belongings.
जब वह जंगल से गुजर रहा था तो तीन डाकुओं ने उसका सारा सामान लूट लिया।

B. “True faith and devotion is the key to success.” Elaborate this statement keeping in view the story of Lakshmi. (2009, 12, 16)
लक्ष्मी की कहानी को ध्यान में रखते हुए इस कथन को सिद्ध करो-“सच्ची आस्था और समर्पण सफलता की कुंजी है।”
Answer:
Lakshmi had full faith in her mother-in-law. She was completely devoted to her and to the wooden doll given by her. The doll struck the head of the leader of the robbers at the right time. They got scared and ran away. This saved Lakshmi from being caught and harassed by them. Not only this, it was instrumental in retrieving her husband’s belongings which were looted by the robbers. Thus, we can say that true faith and devotion is the key to success.

लक्ष्मी को अपनी सास तथा उनके द्वारा दी गई गुड़िया पर पूरा भरोसा था और वह इनके प्रति पूर्णरूप से समर्पित थी। गुड़िया सही समय पर डाकुओं के मुखिया के सिर पर टकराई। इससे वे डर गये और भाग खड़े हुए। इसके कारण लक्ष्मी उनके द्वारा पकड़े जाने से बच गई। इतना ही नहीं, गुड़िया उसके पति का जो सामान डाकुओं ने लूट लिया था उसे वापस दिलाने का भी साधन बनी। अत: हम कह सकते हैं
कि सच्ची आस्था और समर्पण सफलता की कुंजी है।

Language Practice

इस खण्ड के मूल प्रश्न व तालिकाएँ अपनी पाठ्य-पुस्तक में से देखिए। यहाँ केवल उनके उत्तर दिए जा रहे हैं।

A. Change the following sentences into Future Continuous Tense.
निम्नलिखित वाक्यों को Future Continuous Tense में बदलो।।
Answer:

1. Vini will be coming on Sunday morning.
2. The train will be coming at 3p.m..
3. I shall be doing it in the afternoon.
4. Ravi will be going to school tomorrow.
5. Mikki will be playing with you in the evening.

B. Change the following sentences into Future Perfect Tense, using the
appropriate time adverbs. निम्नलिखित वाक्यों को Future Perfect Tense में बदलो।
Answer:

1. They will have done it.
2. Ravi will have flown it.
3. I shall have came there.
4. You will have made it.
5. They will have planned for this.

C. Complete the following sentences using the Future Perfect Continu ous form of the verb given in brackets.
निम्नलिखित वाक्यों में कोष्ठक में दी गई क्रिया को Future Perfect Continuous रूप भरकर पूरा करो।
Answer:

1. He will have been waiting for you for two hours.
2. They will have been watching television for an hour.
3. He will have been swimming all morning..
4. She will have been sleeping the whole night.
5. I will have been playing it for five days.

Laxmi and the Doll Summary in Hindi

लक्ष्मी तन्जौर के पास जंगल के किनारे एक छोटे से गाँव में अपनी सास के साथ रहती थी। कुछ वर्ष पूर्व उसका पति विदेश में अपना भाग्य आजमाने चला गया था। उस समय लक्ष्मी,बहुत दुखी हुई थी, लेकिन उसकी सास उसे बहुत चाहती थी। लक्ष्मी भी अपनी सास का बहुत सम्मान करती थी और उनकी आज्ञा के बिना कोई भी काम नहीं करती थी। वह छोटी-बड़ी सभी बातों के लिए उनकी स्वीकृति लेती थी। एक दिन लक्ष्मी की सास बीमार पड़ गई। लक्ष्मी ने उनकी खूब तीमारदारी की, किन्तु उनकी हालत बद से बदतर होती चली गई और लक्ष्मी समझ गई कि उनकी मृत्यु निकट है।

वह उनसे लिपट गई और रोते हुए बोली, “माँ, प्यारी माँ, मुझे छोड़कर मत जाओ।” इस पर लक्ष्मी की सास ने उसकी ओर देखा, उसे अपने समीप खींचा और प्यार किया फिर बोली, “तुम चिन्ता मत करो ‘यदि तुममें साहस हो तो तुम अपनी देखभाल भली प्रकार कर सकोगी। फिर तुम्हारे पति भी कुछ दिनों में आ जाएँगे और तुम उनके साथ सुख से रहेगी। मैं तुम्हारी मदद के लिए ये दिये जाती हूँ।” और उन्होंने अपने तकिए के नीचे से लकड़ी की एक गुड़िया निकाली और लक्ष्मी को दे दी, “अब से ये गुड़िया मेरा स्थान ग्रहण करेगी।”

कुछ समय पश्चात् लक्ष्मी की सास की मृत्यु हो गई और लक्ष्मी उनके द्वारा दी गई गुड़िया से भी वैसा ही व्यावहार करती रही जैसा अपनी सास से करती थी। हर काम करने से पूर्व वह गुड़िया से पूछती कि क्या वह अमुक काम कर सकती है और फिर अपने से ही कहती कि हाँ कर लो।
जब गुड़िया उसके पास होती थी तो वह आश्वस्त महसूस करती थी। इसी कारण वह उसे हमेशा अपने पास रखती थी।

एक दिन सन्ध्या के समय उसने देखा कि घर में चूल्हा जलाने के लिए लकड़ी नहीं है। तब उसने गुड़िया से पूछ, “माँ, क्या मैं लकड़ी लाने जंगल में जाऊँ।” ओर फिर उत्तर दिया, “हाँ, जाओ पर सतर्क रहना, रास्ता मत भूल जाना।” लक्ष्मी जंगल में गई और लकड़ी बीनते हुए जंगल में घूमती रही। अचानक आकाश में बादल छा गये, बिजली चमकने लगी, बादल गरजने लगे और पानी बरसना शुरू हो गया।

लक्ष्मी गुड़िया से पूछकर एक बड़े बरगद के पेड़ के नीचे बैठ गई। कुछ समय बाद बारिश बन्द हुई तो रात हो चुकी थी, सब ओर अन्धकार था। लक्ष्मी भयभीत हो गई। उसने गुड़िया से पूछा कि अन्धेरे में वह भटक सकती है, अत: क्या इस पेड़ पर चढ़कर वहीं रात बिताए तो गुड़िया ने उत्तर दिया कि हाँ, ऐसा ही करो, और वह पेड़ पर चढ़कर एक मोटी-सी डाल पर बैठ गई। आधी रात के समय कुछ लोग उस पेड़ के नीचे आकर बैठ गये। लक्ष्मी को डर लगा कि कहीं वे पेड़ पर तो नहीं चढ़ेंगे। इतने में उनमें से एक ने लालटेन जलायी और लक्ष्मी ने देखा कि वे तीन लोग हैं जो एक थैले में कुछ सामान लिए हैं। उन्होंने उस सारे सामान को जमीन पर डाला तो उसमें सोने-चांदी के आभूषण व सिक्के थे। स्पष्टतः वे लोग डाकू थे और यह लूट का माल था। उन्होंने उसका बँटवारा शुरू किया और विवाद में उलझ गये। उनमें से प्रत्येक ज्यादा हिस्से का दावा कर रहा था।

विवाद बढ़ा तो वे एक-दूसरे से लड़ने लगे। यह देखकर लक्ष्मी बहुत ज्यादा डर गई और काँपने लगी। उसने गुड़िया निकालकर पूछना चाहा कि अब वह क्या करे पर गुड़िया उसके हाथ से छूटकर नीचे बैठे डाकुओं के सरदार के सिर पर गिरी। वह जोर से चिल्लाया और उन तीनों ने समझा कि उन पर हमला हो गया है। वे डरकर सारा सामान वहीं छोड़कर भाग खड़े हुए। लक्ष्मी सारी रात पेड़ पर बैठी रही। सुबह हुई तो नीचे उतरकर अपनी गुड़िया ढूँढ़ने लगी। गुड़िया सिक्कों के ढेर में पड़ी मिली। लक्ष्मी ने उसे उठाया और उससे पूछा कि अब वह क्या करे ? क्या सारा सामान घर ले जाए तो गुड़िया ने उत्तर दिया कि हाँ वह सारा सामान घर ले जाए और उसे उसके मालिक को दे दे।

लक्ष्मी ने सारा सामान डाकुओं के थैले में भरा और लेकर घर पहुँची-उसे पता नहीं था कि उसका मालिक कौन है ? थोड़ी देर में किसी ने दरवाजे पर दस्तक दी। लक्ष्मी समझी कि उस सामान का मालिक उसे लेने आया है। उसने दरवाजा खोला तो देखा उसका पति सामने खड़ा था। पहले तो वह भौंचक-सी उसे देखती रही फिर झुककर उसके चरण छुए और बोली, “मैं तो डर गई थी कि उस सामान का मालिक शायद उसे लेने आया हैं।” इस पर पति ने पूछा, “कौन-सा सामान ?” इस पर लक्ष्मी ने उसे सारा सामान दिखाया। सामान देखते ही पति क्रोधित हो उठा।

उसे लगा कि उसकी पत्नी की उन डाकुओं से मिलीभगत है। वह घर छोड़कर जाने लगा। इस पर लक्ष्मी ने उसे रात का सारा किस्सा सुनाया। तब पति बोला कि जब वह घर लौट रहा था तब रात को रास्ते में तीन डाकुओं ते उससे वह सारा सामान लूट लिया था। इस पर लक्ष्मी ने कहा कि, “फिर यह सारा नसामान आपका है इस स्वीकार कीजिए।” पर पति बोला कि नहीं यह सारा सामान लक्ष्मी का है क्योंकि वह उसी के लिए तो इसे ला रहा था। और फिर उन्होंने अपना सारा जीवन सुखपूर्वक बिताया। -शंकर

Laxmi and the Doll Word Meanings of Difficult Words

MP Board Class 11th English Solutions

The Spectrum Textbook General English Class 11th Solutions

• True Worship Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Limits of Knowledge Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Dear Teacher Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Shepherd Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Selfish Giant Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Laxmi and the Doll Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Road Not Taken Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Idgah Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Can We Stop The Earthquakes? Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Waves on the Sleepless Sea Class 11 Questions And Answers
• A Letter to God Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Wise Judge Class 11 Questions And Answers
• O Captain! My Captain! Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Gifts of Love Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Uncle Podger Hangs a Picture Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Broken Wing Class 11 Questions And Answers
• A Grain as Big as a Hen’s Egg Class 11 Questions And Answers
• India’s Gift to the World Class 11 Questions And Answers

MP Board Class 11th Special English Letter and Application Writing Important Questions

Question 1.
Write a letter to your father asking for more money.
Answer :
Jubilee Hostel,
Curzon Road, New Delhi.
19th January, 20……..

My dear Papa,
I received your money order for Rs. 4000/- today. Papa I don’t want to press you with my ever-increasing demand of money. But you will appreciate that the hostel fees has been increased recently. Mess charges too have been enhanced. I know you are meeting my expenses with great difficulties. But I am also helpless. Believe me I don’t spend a single rupee more than what is needed absolutely. Papa I need Rs. 2000/- more even to cope with my normal expenses. I feel, I am asking you for tightening your belt still further, but take this amount as a kind of investment. The moment I achieve my goal, I shall provide you with all the comforts that I can provide you with hope, you will not mind me this request.

Yours loving son,
Virendra.

Question 2.
You are Supriya, resident of LIG-47, Rohinipurum, Raipur. Write a letter to your friend Jeena at E-7 Bhopal, congratulating her for her brilliant success in the examination.
Answer :

LIG-47, Rohinipurum,
Raipur.
5th May, 20………

My dear Jeena,
Hope this letter finds you in the pink of your health. I am glad to know that you have passed your examination in flying colours. My hearty congratulations to you. I wish you good luck for your further success.

However, I am glad to inform you that my younger sister’s marriage has been fixed. It will take place on 14th June, 2012. We want you to come down here on 1st week of June. The invitation card will be sent to your family soon. Please ask your parents also to attend the marriage.

You will also be glad to know that I have passed my pre-board examination in good marks and hoping to do still better in the final.

Rest is fine convey my regards to all at home.

Yours truly,
Supriya.

Question 3.
Write an application in not more than 120 words to your Principal requesting him to allow you to take Biology subjects instead of Mathematics subjects. (Imp)
Answer :
To
The Principal,
Govt. Girls’ Higher Sec. School,
Devendra Nagar,
Indore.

Sub. : Change of group.

Sir,
This year I have sought admission in XIth class in your school. I had intended to take Maths initially and with that aim I had filled up Maths group. But now I feel that I had made a mistake, Biology group would be better for me. Hence, I fervently request you to allow me to change to Biology group.

Hope you would sympathetically look into my matter and allow me to change my subjects.

Thanking you,

Yours obediently,
Rinku Verma

Raipur.
Dated : 14th July, 20………

Question 4.
Write a letter to a stranger, thanking him for sending you back your lost bag containing some money and important documents.
Answer :
M-19, Kirti Nagar,
New Delhi-110015.
3rd Nov., 20………

Dear Mr. Sunil,
I don’t know how to thank you for the return of my bag which I had left in the park, a few days back. I was really worried that I shall never get back my bag which contained very important documents pertaining to my flat without which I shall never be able to get the possession of my flat. By returning it you have really done a great service. Words fail to express my gratitude to you. I shall never forget this goodwill gesture. I don’t know how to repay this goodwill gesture. You have revived my faith in goodness of some people like you. I shall be very glad if you come to my place for returning the bag. I would love to be some use to you, if you deem it necessary.

Yours sincerely,
Sabhya Sachi
Kar.

Question 5.
Write a letter of condolence to a friend on the death of his father. (M.P. 2015)
Answer :

G-53, Green Park,
New Delhi.
10th Feb., 20………

Dear Amrit,
I was shocked to learn about the sudden death of your dear father. The news was indeed a holt from the blue. It is indeed a great loss to all the members of your family. My dear friend, don’t loss heart. We must accept death boldly as we have to face death one or other day, so never get disheartened. You being the eldest brother must take care of the family. You must work very hard so that nobody in your family feels the absence of your father. I am sure God will give you the courage to face this calamity.

It is not easy to bear the loss. But if one thinks deeply, one cannot but face the facts and try to adjust oneself to life accordingly. I pray to God to give solace to the departed soul of your father and provide all of you with the strength to bear the loss.

Yours affectionately,
Radheshyam.

Question 6.
Write an application to the Principal of your school for the grant of full fee concession. (Imp)
Answer :
5601, Lakhe Nagar,
Jabalpur.
22nd Jan., 20……..

To
The Principal,
National Convent School,
Shankar Nagar,
Jabalpur.

Sub. : Grant of full fee concession.

Respected Sir,
I am a student of class XI, section ‘B’ of your school. I migrated from Hindu High School. Sir my father is a petty shopkeeper. We are six school going brothers and sisters. With petty earning my father is able to make two square meals. We live from hand to mouth. I have great interest in both the studies and sports. I have been the captain of my previous school cricket team. I secured first class in my X class examination. Keeping in view my performance in my studies and games, you would kindly grant me full fee concession so that I can complete my school education without extra burden on my father’s meager income.

Yours obediently,
Sourabh Roy.

Question 7.
Write a letter to your mother describing your school and complaining against the food you get in your school.
Answer :

23, Boys Hostel,
NCS, Sundar Nagar,
Sagar (M.P.).
21st Nov., 20………

My dear Mother,
I am worried to know from father’s letter that you are not keeping well. Please take care of your health properly.

You will glad to know that my school is located at a beautiful hill side. The view all around is green. The climate is also very pleasant here. Our hostel is situated within the school compound. Here we have all facilities like playground, library, mess, etc. However, you pained to know that the food served here is of poor quality. Mostly cold stale food is served. This has reduced my appetite. Anyway do not bother for me. Some way I will get accustomed to it. Take care of your health Mummy, I would have certainly come to see you personally but for my periodic tests. Please convey my regards to dear father and love to Tinku.

Yours affectionately,
Praveen.

Question 8.
Write an application to Deputy Commissioner of your zone for a district board scholarship to enable you to join college.
Answer :

13/285-Nehru Nagar,
Gwalior.
June 4th, 20………

The Deputy Commissioner,
Gwalior (M.P.).

Sub. : Grant of scholarship.

Sir,
I respectfully beg to apply for the grant of scholarship, to enable me to continue my studies in the university.
I appeared in the matriculation examination from the Delhi Public School, Maroda Bhilai and passed in 1st division.

I belong to a respectable zamindar family. My father is a lambardar of our village and several members of our family have served during world wartime : Now my father is a poor man and has to support a large family. Therefore, I need financial assistance to continue my studies.

I enclose my testimonials along with character certificate and T.C. I was a good student and I hope that you will consider my case sympathetically.

I have the honour to be your most obedient servant.

Thanking you,

Yours sincerely,
Bhawna Thakur.

Question 9.
Write a letter to the Sanitary Inspector of your town about the insanitary condition of your locality. (Imp)
To,
The Sanitary Inspector
Bhopal Municipal Corporation
Bhopal (M.P.).

Sir,
It is indeed regretting and unfortunate that the local civic bodies have remained indifferent towards the cleaning of our town.

Our town presently is in a sorry state of affairs.

There are no sweepers to clear the heaps of garbage that he unattended and start emitting foul smell. The garbage also attracts street dogs and pigs who scatter this garbage on the road. The drains of our locality are perpetually blocked and this creates totally insanitary and unhygienic conditions. Installation of dustbins in the locality has not really helped to improve the situation because even if people, make use of these dustbins to disposes of garbage, these dustbins are rarely emptied. It is advisable to supply big polythene litter bags, instead of dustbins, which make disposition of garbage easier. The water logging in the locality has proved an ideal breeding place for mosquitoes. The need of the hour is to have regular visits of officials from your department to inspect the locality and to have meetings with the residents of the locality in order to make our locality a better and hygienic place to live in.

I hope you will personally supervise this situations and well bring improvement in the situation very soon.

Date 27 Nov., 20……..

Yours sincerely,
Nitin
D-232, Devendra Nagar
Bhopal

Question 10.
Write a letter to the Editor of a local newspaper about the importance of knowing the first aid.
То
The Editor Hitavada
17th Nov. 20……….

Last week, I witnessed and accident near the school gate where a child fell down and hurt himself badly. The people standing around were unable to do anything except look on helplessly. It was at this movement that I realized the importance of knowing first-aid.

I feel that it is imperative for students specially and the people in general to at least have the basic knowledge of rendering first-aid in case of an emergency. The use of first-aid often helps us to sustain a life till proper medical aid is available. The knowledge of first-aid will prove helpful not only in case of an accident, but also to treat a burn victim, help a drowned casualty and at times just to stop one from bleeding. The importance of first-aid should be instilled into the minds of children at the school stage itself so that they do not panic in an accidental situation but cautiously and sensibly put their knowledge about rendering first-aid to the person who requires it into practice. Nothing is more precious to a person than his life and if timely use of first-aid can help someone till the time professional medical help is available, it can prove to be the life-saving remedy.

Yours truly,
Ajay Kumar.

MP Board Class 11th Special English Important Questions

Class 11 English The Spectrum Chapter 15 Uncle Podger Hangs a Picture Questions and Answers

Uncle Podger Hangs a Picture Class 11th Question Answer

Word Power

A. The words given in column A are jumbled up. Unscramble the word and write them in column and match them with their meanings in column B.
कॉलम A में दिये गये शब्द गड्ड-मड्ड हैं। उन्हें ठीक से जमाइए और कॉलम B में दिये हुए उनके अर्थों से मिलाकर लिखिए।
Answer:

• hammer-a tool for breaking things, drawing nails.
• fuss-unnecessary excitement.
• smash-to break violently and noisily into many pieces.
• wretched-feeling ill.

B. In the sentences given below one word is missing. Supply it from the following list. Put the word in its correct form.
इन वाक्यों में एक शब्द छूटा हुआ है। नीचे दी हुई सूची में से पूरा करिए। शब्द को सही रूप में उपयोग करिए।
Answer:

• invention
• create
• discovered
• produce
• find out.

Comprehension

A. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences each.
इन प्रश्नों का उत्तर एक या दो वाक्यों में दीजिए।

Question 1.
What happened every time Uncle Podger undertook to do a job? (2009)
जब भी अंकल पॉजर कोई काम करना चाहते थे तो क्या होता था ?
Answer:
He created a great commotion in the house. वे घर में भारी हलचल पैदा कर के देते थे।

Question 2.
Why could Uncle Podger not find his handkerchief ? (2009, 11, 16)
अंकल पॉजर अपना रूमाल क्यों नहीं ढूँढ पाए ?
Answer:
He could not find his handkerchief because it was in his coat pocket and he was sitting on the coat.
वे उसे इसलिए नहीं दैव पाए क्योंकि वह उनके कोट की जेब में था और वे कोट पर बैठे थे।

Question 3.
From the hints given in the story, find out how many people lived in Uncle Podger’s house?
कहानी में मिलने वाले संकेतों से पता लगाइए कि अंकल पॉजर के घर में कितने लोग रहते थे ?
Answer:
It seems that eight people lived in Uncle Podger’s house.
ऐसा लगता है कि अंकल पॉजर के घर में आठ लोग रहते थे।

Question 4.
What would happen when the dropped nail had been found ?
गिरी हुई कील के मिल जाने के बाद क्या हुआ ?
Answer:
When the nail had been found, he would lose the hammer.
जब कील मिल जाती तो उनका हथौड़ा खो जाता है।

Question 5.
What would lead Aunt Maria to say that she would not allow the children to stand round and hear such language ?
किस कारण आण्ट मारिया को कहना पड़ता कि वे बच्चों को घेरे में खड़े होकर ऐसी भाषा नहीं सुनने देंगी?
Answer:
Fed up with the constant grumbling of uncle Podger in an abusive way Aunt Maria said this when he fell down on the piano.
अंकल पॉजर के लगातार बड़बड़ाने से तंग आकर आण्ट मारिया ने यह तब कहा जब अंकल पॉजर पियानों पर गिर पड़े।

B. Answer the following questions in two to four sentences each:
इस प्रश्नों का उत्तर दो से चार वाक्यों में दीजिए।

Question 1.
List the accessories and tools that Uncle Podger needed for hanging a picture.
चित्र टाँगने के लिए अंकल पॉजर को किन-किन चीजों की आवश्यकता पड़ी-सूची बनाइए
Answer:
He needed the following things :
उन्हें इन चीजों की जरूरत पड़ी:
nails, picture cord, hammer, step ladder, chair, a spirit level, a measuring tape and some string.
कीलें, रस्सी, हथौड़ा, सीढ़ी, कुर्सी, मापक यंत्र, लम्बाई नापने का फीता।

Question 2.
Describe how the whole family would help the injured Uncle Podger in hanging the picture a second time. (2009)
दूसरी बार चित्र टाँगने में जख्मी अंकल पॉजर की परिवार के सदस्य कैसे मदद करते है, वर्णन करिए।
Answer:
They would help in finding out the lost hammer. They would try to help him in finding out the lost mark where the nail had to go in. They would also try to help him in calculating the distance of the nail from the corner.

वे खोए हुए हथौड़े को ढूँढ़ने में मदद करते हैं। कील को किस जगह ठोंका जाना था उस निशान को ढूँढने में वे मदद करते हैं। कोने से कितनी दूरी पर कील ठोंकी जानी है उस दूरी का हिसाब लगाने में भी वे उनकी मदद करने की कोशिश करते हैं।

Question 3.
What incident leads you to believe that Uncle Podger’s family was not good at mental maths ?
कौन-सी घटना आप में यह विश्वास पैदा करती है कि अंकल पॉजर के परिवार के सदस्य मनोगत गणित में कमजोर थे ?
Answer:
Uncle Podger had to decide the distance of the point from the comer. At that time every member of his family would try to calculate it mentally and arrive at a different result

अंकल पॉजर को कोने से उस बिन्दु की दूरी तय करनी थी जहाँ कील ठोंकी जानी थी। उस समय उनके परवार के सभी सदस्य अपनी गणना में अलग-अलग नतीजों पर पहुंचे।

Question 4.
What was Aunt Maria’s reaction at Uncle Podger’s hanging the picture?
अंकल पॉजर के चित्र टाँगने पर आन्ट मरिया की क्या प्रतिक्रिया थी?
Answer:
When Uncle Podger thought of hanging a picture next time she would want to know about it well in time. Then she would go for a week to her mother’s house.

अंकल पॉजर अगली बार जब चित्र टाँगने का विचार करें तो उन्हें समय रहते बताया जाना चाहिए। तब वे एक हफ्ते के लिए अपनी माँ के घर चली जाएंगी।

Question 5.
Describe the aftermath of Uncle Podger’s successful hanging of the picture.
अंकल पॉजर के सफलता के साथ चित्र टाँगने के बाद की दशा का वर्णन कीजिए।
Answer:
The picture would be hanging crooked and insecure. A large part of the wall would be damaged and everybody except Uncle Podger would be dead tired.

चित्र आड़ा-तिरछा और असुरक्षित टैंगा हुआ था। दीवार का एक बड़ा भाग क्षतिग्रस्त हो गया और अंकल पॉजर को छोड़कर सभी लोग बुरी तरह थके गये थे।

C . One can’t help but laugh at Uncle Podger-while going through the story ‘Uncle Podger hangs a picture’. Explain. (2012)
कोई भी अंकल पॉजर पर बिना हँसे नहीं रह सकता ‘अंकल पॉजर चित्र टाँगते हैं’ कहानी को पढ़ने पर, समझाइए।
Answer:
The clumsy way he does things and then blames others for them. The way he passes remarks at other people. All these things make people laugh at him instead of showing anger at him. This is because he is not a cynic but a simple man who likes doing things.

जिस फूहड़पन से वे कार्य करते हैं तथा फिर दूसरों को उसके लिए दोष देते हैं। जिस प्रकार की टीका-टिप्पणी वे करते हैं उस पर उनके प्रति क्रोध आने के बजाय उन पर हँसी आती है क्योंकि वे एक दोषान्वेषी मनुष्य न होकर एक सरल प्रकृति के इन्सान हैं जो छोटे-मोटे काम करना पसन्द करते हैं।

Language Practice

।इस खण्ड के मूल प्रश्न व तालिकाएँ अपनी पाठ्य-पुस्तक में से देखिये। यहाँ केवल उनके उत्तर दिये जा रहे हैं।

A. Look at the following sentences and state their kind (Simple, Compound or Complex).
निम्नलिखित वाक्यों को देखकर उनके प्रकार बताओ।।
Answer:

• Compound
• Simple
• Simple
• Compound
• Complex
• Complex.

B. Underline the Noun Clauses in the following sentences.
निम्नलिखित वाक्य में Noun Clauses को रेखांकित करो।
Answer:

• I went to see what had happened.
• I earn whatever I can.
• Where we were to lodge that night was the problem.
• The police must know where he is living.
• It seems that he is a doctor.
• His great fear is that he may fail.
• I was unfortunate that you were absent.
• There is no meaning in what you say.

C. Combine these sentences using a Noun Clause.
निम्नलिखित वाक्यों को Noun Clause से जोड़ो।।
Answer:

• I want to know when you bought the book.
• It was explained to us how Neil Armstrong went to the moon.
•  The chief guest wanted to know who the dancer is.
• Please tell the gardener where the saplings are.
• We’d like to know what your grandfather’s name was.

Uncle Podger Hangs a Picture Summary in Hindi 

आपने ऐसी अशान्ति अपने जीवन में शायद कभी नहीं देखी होगी जैसी-अंकल पॉजर उस समय पैदा कर देते है जब वे कोई काम करते हैं। एक चित्र फ्रेम बनाने वाले के यहाँ से आया और भोजन कक्ष में रखा था। आन्ट पॉजर ने पूछा, इसका क्या करना है। अंकल पॉजर बोले, “अरे, यह तो तुम मेरे ऊपर छोड़ दो। तुम लोग इसके बारे में कतई चिन्ता मत करो। मैं सब कर लूंगा।”

फिर वे अपना कोट उतारते हैं और शुरू हो जाते हैं। वे लड़की को छ: पेनी की कीलें लाने के लिए भेज देते हैं फिर उसके बाद लड़कों में से एक को उसके पीछे यह बताने के लिए भेजते हैं कि कीलें कितनी बड़ी लानी हैं और फिर वे घर के हर इन्सान को धीरे-धीरे काम में लगा देते हैं। “तुम जाओ और मेरा हथौड़ा लेकर आओ, और टॉम तुम फुट रूल लेकर आओ और मुझे सीढ़ी की जरूरत होगी, शायद किचिन की कुर्सी की भी। जिम, तुम मिस्टर गॉगल के पास जाओ उन्हें मेरी शुभकामना देना और कहना कि मैं आशा करता हूँ कि उनका पैर अब पहले से बेहतर होगा और कहना कि क्या वे अपना स्पिरिट लेवल कुछ देर के लिए दे सकते है और मार्था तुम कहीं मत जाओ, मुझे एक व्यक्ति की जरूरत होगी रोशनी दिखाने के लिए। और लड़की जब लौटकर आती है तो उसे पिक्चर कॉर्ड लेने के लिए जाना होगा और टॉम तुम इधर आओ, मुझे तुम्हारी जरूरत होगी चित्र देने के लिए।”

और फिर वे चित्र उठाते है और उसे गिरा देते हैं। वह फ्रेम से बाहर निकल जाता है तथा काँच को टूटने से बचाने के चक्कर में वे अपनी अंगुली काट लेते हैं। फिर वे कमरे भर मै कूदते-फिरते हैं अपना रूमाल ढूँढ़ने के लिए, पर वह रूमाल नहीं मिलता क्योंकि वह उनके कोट की जेब में रखा था और उन्हें यह पता नहीं था कि उन्होंने कोट कहाँ रख दिया था। फिर घर के सारे लोग सब काम छोड़कर उनका कोट खते हैं।”क्या किसी को नहीं मालूम कि मेरा कोट कहाँ है ? मैंने अपने जीवन में कभी ऐसे लोग नहीं देखे। छ:-छः लोगों में से कोई एक कोट नहीं ढूँढ सकता जिसे मैंने पाँच मिनट पहले कहीं रखा था।”

और वे उठते हैं तो पाते हैं कि वे ही उस कोट पर बैठे थे। और फिर वे आवाज लगाते “अरे, तुम लोग छोड़ो उसे। मैंने खुद ही उसे ढूँढ लिया है।” और फिर आधे घण्टे में जब उनकी अंगुली पर पट्टी बँध जाती है, एक नया काँच आ जाता है और औजार, और सीढ़ी, और कुर्सी, और मोमबत्ती सब ले आए जाते हैं, वे फिर काम शुरू करते हैं। घर के सारे लोग, घर की नौकरानी समेत उनकी सहायता के लिए उनके आस-पास घेरा बनाकर खड़े हो जाते हैं। दो लोग उन्हें थामते हैं, एक उन्हें कील देता है और हथौड़ा। वे कील पकड़ते हैं और वह छूटकर गिर जाती है। “लो, अब कील गिर गई।” और सब लोग घुटनों के बल रेंगते हुए उसे ढूँढ़ने में लग जाते हैं। फिर वे कुर्सी पर खड़े-खड़े चिल्लाते हैं कि क्या पूरी शाम उन्हें वहीं खड़ा रहना पड़ेगा।

अन्त में कील मिलती है तो उनका हथौड़ा खो जाता है। “हथौड़ा कहाँ है ? हथौड़ा मैंने कहाँ रख दिया ? तुम सात-सात लोग यहाँ खड़े हो और किसी को नहीं मालूम कि हथौड़ा मैंने कहाँ रख दिया ?” हथौड़ा मिलता है, जो निशान उन्होंने कील ठोंकने के लिए लगाया था वह नहीं मिलता। फिर नाप जोख शुरू होती है। इस बार अंकल पॉजर एक रस्सी का टुकड़ा लेकर निशान गाना चाहते हैं और ऐन मौके पर वे जहाँ तक पहुँच सकते थे उससे तीन इंच आगे निशान लगाने के लिए झुकते है तो पिआनो पर गिर जाते हैं जिसके सभी सुर एक साथ दब जाने से एक विचित्र सी ध्वनि निकलती है।

अन्ततोगत्वा अंकल पॉजर कील के लिए निशान लगा लेते हैं और उस स्थान पर कील रखकर ठोंकने के लिए हथौड़ा मारते हैं। पर यह क्या ! हथौड़ा कील पर न लगकर उसे पकड़े हुए उनके अंगूठे पर लगता है और उनके मुँह से एक चीख निकल जाती है और हथौड़ा किसी की पैर की अंगुली पर गिरता है।अब आण्ट मरिया धीरे से बाली कि भविष्य में जब भी अंकल पॉजर दीवार में कील-वील ठोंकने जैसा कोई काम करें तो उन्हें समय से बता दें ताकि वे एक हफ्ते के लिए अपनी माँ के यहाँ जाने की व्यवस्था कर सकें।

“ओह, तुम औरतों को तो छोटी-छोटी बातों पर हंगामा खड़ा करने की आदत होती है। मुझे ऐसे छोटे-मोटे काम करना अच्छा लगता है।” और फिर वे दुबारा कील ठोंकने का प्रयत्न करते हैं। इस बार कील दीवार में फंस जाती है और हथौड़ा प्लास्टर पर टकराता है तथा अंकल पॉजर का मुँह जोर से दीवार से। फिर पूरी प्रक्रिया नये सिरे से शुरू होती है और आधी रात होते-होते चित्र टॅग पाता है, वह भी आड़ा तिरछ। दीवार ऐसी दिखती है मानो उस पर रैक रगड़ खाया हो-सभी लोग बुरी तरह से थके हुए सिवाय अंकल पॉजर के। “लो, हो गया।” कुर्सी से उतरते हुए वे बोले, “पता नहीं क्यों ऐसे छोटे काम के लिए लोग कारीगर बुलाते हैं।” -जेरोम के. जेरोम

Uncle Podger Hangs a Picture Word Meanings of Difficult Words

MP Board Class 11th English Solutions

The Spectrum Textbook General English Class 11th Solutions

• True Worship Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Limits of Knowledge Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Dear Teacher Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Shepherd Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Selfish Giant Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Laxmi and the Doll Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Road Not Taken Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Idgah Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Can We Stop The Earthquakes? Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Waves on the Sleepless Sea Class 11 Questions And Answers
• A Letter to God Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Wise Judge Class 11 Questions And Answers
• O Captain! My Captain! Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Gifts of Love Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Uncle Podger Hangs a Picture Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Broken Wing Class 11 Questions And Answers
• A Grain as Big as a Hen’s Egg Class 11 Questions And Answers
• India’s Gift to the World Class 11 Questions And Answers

Class 11 English The Spectrum Chapter 4 The Shepherd Questions and Answers

The Shepherd Class 11th Question Answer

Word Power

A. Fill in the blanks with suitable words given.
[दिये गये खाली स्थानों में उचित शब्द भरो।।
Answer:

1. strays
2. tender
3. peace
4. nigh.

B. Write the opposites of the underlined words in the given sentences.
दिये गय वाक्यों में रेखांकित शब्दों के विलोम लिखो।
Answer:

1. sad
2. sorrow
3. awake
4. hates
5. grief.

Comprehension

A. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences each.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के एक या दो वाक्यों में उत्तर लिखो।।

Question 1.
What does the shepherd do all the day ? (2009, 12, 13)
गड़रिया दिन भर क्या करता है ?
Answer:
He follows his sheep.
वह अपनी भेड़ों का अनुगमन करता है।

Question 2.
When does he feel happy ?
वह कब आनन्द का अनुभव करता है ?
Answer:
He feels happy when the lamb calls and the ewe replies.
वह उस समय आनन्द का अनुभव करता है जब मेमना आवाज लगाता है और उसकी माँ उत्तर देती है।

Question 3.
When is the shepherd watchful ? (2009, 16)
गड़रिया कब सतर्क रहता है ?
Answer:
He is watchful when in the night, his sheep is resting in peace.
वह रात को सतर्क रहता है जब उसकी भेड़ शान्तिपूर्वक आराम कर रही होती हैं।

B. Answer the following questions in two to four sentences each.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों का दो से चार वाक्यों में उत्तर दो।

Question 1.
Why is the shepherd considered to be lucky? (2011)
गड़रिये को भाग्यशाली क्यों समझा गया ?
Answer:
The shepherd is considered to be lucky because he has got a sweet lot of sheep. Not only this, the sheep feel quite safe when under his charge.

गड़रिये को भाग्यशाली इसलिए कहा गया क्योंकि उसके पास एक प्यारा-सा भेड़ों का झुण्ड है। केवल यहीं नहीं, भेंड़ें भी उसके संरक्षण में पूर्ण रूप से सुरक्षित अनुभव करती है।

Question 2.
Why does he feel pleasure on hearing the lamb’s call and its mother’s response?’ (2009)
मेमने की आवाज और उसकी माँ के उत्तर को सुनकर वह आनन्द का अनुभव क्यों करता है ?
Answer:
He feels pleasure because the lamb’s call is very innocent. Moreover, the ewe’s reply is pretty tender.

वह इसलिए आनन्द का अनुभव करता है क्योंकि मेमने की आवाज अत्यन्त मासूमियत भरी होती है उसकी माँ का उत्तर प्यार भरा होता है।

Question 3.
Why is the lamb’s call described innocent?
मेमने की आवाज को मासूमियत भरी क्यों कहा गया है ?
Answer:
The lamb’s call is described as innocent because it is from a very young animal. At that age it is not supposed to be calculating. It is simply calling its mother.

मेमने की आवाज को इसलिए मासूमियत भरी कहा गया है क्योंकि वह एक बहुत छोटे से जानवर की आवाज है। इस आयु में उससे छल-कपट की आशा नहीं की जा सकती। वह तो मात्र अपनी माँ को पुकार रहा है।

Question 4.
What makes the mother’s response tender ?
उसकी माँ के उत्तर को स्नेहसिक्त क्यों कहा गया है ?
Answer:
The mother’s response is tender because she is responding to her offspring. She is expressing her love through it.

उसकी माँ के उत्तर को स्नेहसिक्त इसलिए कहा गया है क्योंकि वह अपनी सन्तान की पुकार का उत्तर दे रही है। उसके द्वारा वह अपना प्यार व्यक्त कर रही है।

Question 5.
Why does the sheep feel secure ? (2015)
भेड़ें सुरक्षित क्यों अनुभव करती हैं ?
Answer:
The sheep feel secure because their shepherd is near them. He is keeping a watchful eye and so they need not worry.

भेड़ें सुरक्षित इस कारण अनुभव करती हैं क्योंकि उनका गड़रिया उनके नजदीक है। वह उनकी रखवाली कर रहा है, इसलिए उन्हें भयभीत होने की कोई आवश्यकता नहीं है।

The Shepherd Hindi Translation

गड़रिये का शान्त समूह कितना आकर्षक है;
वह सुबह से शाम तक भ्रमण करता रहता है।
सारे दिन वह अपनी भेड़ों के पीछे चलता जाता है;
और उसके मुँह से सदा उनकी प्रशंसा ही निकलती है।
क्योंकि उसे भेड़ के बच्चे की मासूम पुकार सुनाई देती है;
और उसे उसकी माँ का सौम्य उत्तर भी सुनाई देता है।
वह सदैव सतर्क रहता है और वे चैन से बंधी रहती हैं।
क्योंकि वे जानती है कि उनका गड़रिया नजदीक ही है। -विलियम ब्लेक

The Shepherd Word Meanings of Difficult Words

MP Board Class 11th English Solutions

The Spectrum Textbook General English Class 11th Solutions

• True Worship Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Limits of Knowledge Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Dear Teacher Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Shepherd Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Selfish Giant Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Laxmi and the Doll Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Road Not Taken Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Idgah Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Can We Stop The Earthquakes? Class 11 Questions And Answers
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