Bhagya

Class 11 English A Voyage Chapter 4 The Brook Questions and Answers

The Brook Class 11th Question Answer

Word Power

Question 1.
Read the following words and phrases and rewrite them under the columns given below: fret, bicker, hurry, foamy flakes, chatter, sailing, wind about, skimming swallows, babble, slide, linger, murmur, loiter, brambly wilderness, steal by, sunbeam

Words connected with sound	Words connected with movement	Words connected with images
Chatter	hurry	fret
babble	sailing, wind about,	foamy
murmur	skimming	flakes
bicker	swallows, slode linger, loiter, steal by	brambly wilderness, sunbeam

Now we use each of these words and phrases in sentences of your own
Answer:
Sentence formation:

• fret — Her baby started fretting as soon as she went out the room.
• bicker — The brook bickers down a valley.
• hurry — He always seems to be in hurry.
• foamy — several leaves were floating over foamy water.
• flakes — I like dried onion flakes.
• chatter — The children are chattering to each other about the days event.
• wind about – He has wound about the long rope.
• skimming – His paper boat ES skimming over the water.
• swallow – The flood swallowed everything.
• babble – The brook is babbling while passing through a stony ways.
• slide – His chariot was sliding along the road-
• linger – Why do you linger everything?
• murmur – The teacher scolded the body for murmuring
• loiter – He always loiters along the road like a mad.
• brambly – The brambly ways damaged his feet
• wilderness – Now our life has turned to the complete
• steal by – He tried to steal by in the presence of his father
• sunbeam – I couldn’t seeblm clearly due to bright sunbeam.

Question 2.
What is the rhyming scheme of the poem? Explain with examples
Answer:
The rhyming scheme of the poem is – a, b, a, b. The rhyming words are
bern – fern, sally – valley down – tom nodges – bridges.

Alliteration is a figure of speech used in poetry which brings together words which begin with the same consonant or vowel sound .

For example:
The Fair Breeze Blew, The ‘White Foam Flew .
The Furrow Followed Free
(Coleridge)

Question 3.
Find the examples of alliteration in the poem The Brook”.
Answer:
Examples of alliteration in the poem:

• I make a Sudden Sally
• And Half of a Hundred bridges
• For Men May come and Men May go.
• I Bubble into eddying Bays.
• I babble on the pebbles
• With Willow Weed and mallow
• Above the Golden Gravel.

[Personification is a figure of speech in which in animal objects and abstract notions are spoken of as having life and intelligence.

For Example :
“Laughter holding both her sides”
“Death lays his icy hands on kings’

Question 4.
Now explain the use cf personification in this poem.
Answer:
The Brook is a poem of movement It has much paralleling with human life. The poet has used personification to establish this parallel in and to prove it he has used so many imagest Some the. examples are

Comprehension

I. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences each.

(a) Who is the ‘I’ in the poem and what does he do throughout the poem?
Answer:
The ‘I’ in the poem is the stream. He flows and flows through out the poem. He never stops.

(b) Identify the places that the brook travels through. Make a list of the items?
Answer:
A list of the items:

• thirty hills
• twenty hamlets
• fifty bridges
• Philip’s form
• many fields and fallows
• many lawns and grassy plots.

(c) Where does the brook flow to an what happens in the end?
Answer:
The brook flows to the river. Along with the river Water it continues its movement on forever.

II. Explain the following:

(a) For men may come and men may go,
But I go an forever
Answer:
Generation after generation of men come and die but the brook continues to flow forever. The movement of brook is a never ending process. It means that men may come and go but the world goes on as ever.

(b) I chatter over stony ways,
In little sharps and trebles
I bubble into eddying bays
I babble on the bays.
Answer:
The brook is a small stream. It creates heavy noise when it passes over the stony ways. When it flows in the spiral movement of water its noose is lost. But when it strikes in the pebble it produces a high pitched sound as if expressing its happiness.

(c) What is the poet referring to when he says:
And draw them all along, and flow
To join the brimming river,
Answer:
The poet explains the onward movement of the brook which moves on and on to join the brimming river. All over its way it crosses and meets with many foamy flakes, silver water break, golden gravel. It takes them all with its flow and gives them too a larger meaning to their existence.

(d) Explain the following stanza in your own words bringing out
the poet’s philosophy of life:
I wind about, and in and out,
with here a blossom sailing,
And here and there a lusty troutf
And here and there a grayling,
Answer:
The poet while explaining the movement of brook, says that it twists itself in and out with a blossom sailing and keeps itself approving on. Here and there it faces the lusty trout and grayling. Without caring them it goes on and on to meet the brimming river. Here the poet puts his philosophy of life. He means to say that there are many temptations and hurdles in life which may deviate us from our goals. We must concentrate on our goal without being affected from those temptations or hurdles.

Speaking Activity

I. Read the following poem by Wordsworth and compare it with “The Brook” in terms of concerning images used
1. The movement words in the poem, (at least four)
2. Figures of speech used in the two poem. Give examples.
3. The philosophy of life of the two poets.
4. The title of the two poems.
Answer:
‘The Brook’ by Alfred Tennyson and Daffodils’ by William Wordsworth are the two poems written in two different ages. Both of them have philosophies of life. Both of them have movements and flow of imagination. We can see the comparison between these two poems in the following terms:

S. No.	The Brook	Daffodils
1.	Hurry down, flow, chatter, bubble,	floats, fluttering tossing, dance.
2.	Personification: I come from……………… To join the brimming river	Personification: Fluttering and dancing in the breeze and twinkle on the milky way.
3.	Immortality of nature	Pleasure of nature.
4.	The Brook – a little flowing stream	Daffodil – a beautiful flower.

Writing Activity

1. Based on your discussion in the class, write a critical appreciation of the poem bringing out its qualities, including the use of the Figures of Speech.
Answer:
The poem is an autobiography of a stream. The stream is a speaker. It tells the story of his life. The brook (stream) comes from the places where water-birds like coot and hem live. It suddenly rushes out and is seen flowing among fem. It makes a lot of noise as it flows hurriedly down a valley. During its journey it passes by thirty hills, twenty hamlets and fifty bridges. At last it flows to Philip’s farm and joins the overflowing river. Generation after generation of men come and die, but the brook continues to flow forever. There are so many curves on the bank of the brook.

He is coming across many fields and follows. He says that he will go on describing about the brook for the seasons an men may come and go. Now he describes a lusty trout (a big fresh water fish) and a grayling (fish). Be describes that when the brook flows smoothly it forms form. He come across many lawns and grassy plots as he slides by a dozen of tree covers. As he mores forward, he felt glanced.

He describes about sweet forget me not (flower) that grows for happy lovers. And at last he says that he will continue to express his feelings about the brook. He moves under moon and stars on its path it covers. Its path while covering small rounded pebbles. It joins the brimming rivers. He the brook the poet wants to emphasise that the brook never stops but it goes on and on. The movement of brook is a never ending process.

Think it Over:

Think about yourself as a ‘book’ and then rewrite about the experiences you have, as if you are :
(a) happy like the brook
(b) unhappy because of the problems of life.
Answer:
Do it yourself.

Think To Do

1. Collect as many poems as you can concerning brook, river, birds, etc. and share them with your class. (Use internet or library to: enrich your collection.)
Answer:
Do it yourself.

The Brook Summary in English

The poem is an autobiography of a stream. The stream is a speaker. It tells the story of his life. The brook (stream) comes from the places where water-birds like coot and hem live. It suddenly rushes out and is seen flowing among fem. It makes a lot of noise as it flows hurriedly down a valley. During its journey it passes by thirty hills, twenty hamlets and fifty bridges. At last it flows to Philip’s farm and joins the overflowing river. Generation after generation of men come and die, but the brook continues to flow forever. There are so many curves on the bank of the brook.

He is coming across many fields and follows. He says that he will go on describing about the brook for the seasons an men may come and go. Now he describes a lusty trout (a big fresh water fish) and a grayling (fish). Be describes that when the brook flows smoothly it forms form. He come across many lawns and grassy plots as he slides by a dozen of tree covers. As he mores forward, he felt glanced.

He describes about sweet forget me not (flower) that grows for happy lovers. And at last he says that he will continue to express his feelings about the brook. He moves under moon and stars on its path it covers. Its path while covering small rounded pebbles. It joins the brimming rivers. He the brook the poet wants to emphasise that the brook never stops but it goes on and on. The movement of brook is a never ending process.

The Brook Summary in Hindi

यह कविता एक स्रोत की उसके उद्गम से लेकर उस नदी तक का वर्णन ह जहा वह जाकर मिलता है। यह कविता एक आत्मचरित्र की भांति है जहाँ छोटी नदी या स्रोत बड़ी नदी की ओर बढ़ते हुए संबंधित अनुभवों का वर्णन करता है। कवि ने इस कविता में यह वर्णन किया है कि वह उस स्थान से आ रहा है जिसे यात्रियों या दर्शकों द्वारा बारम्बार घूमा जाता है। जहाँ कूट (एक प्रकार का जलीय पक्षी) और बगुला (सारस) जल के प्रतीकात्मक पक्षी के रूप में जाने जाते हैं। आगे उसने कहा है कि पर्वतमाला से उतरकर बीस छोटे गाँवों और लगभग पचार पुलों को पार कर नीचे उतर कर वह इस लबालब भरी नदी तक पहुँचने के उद्देश्य से आया है और जब तक वह इस उद्देश्य को प्राप्त नहीं कर लेता, तब तक अपनी यात्रा जारी रखेगा। वह पथरीले रास्तों से होकर आया है। इस छोटे स्रोत के किनारे के साथ-साथ बहुत से मोड़ हैं। वह बहुत से खेतों ओर बंजर भूमि को पार करता हुआ आया है। वह कहता है कि उस छोटी नदी व स्त्रोत के बारे में मौसम के लिए व आदमी जो संभवतः वहाँ आते व जाते हैं, वर्णन करेगा। अब वह एक मीठे जल वाली स्वस्थ मछली और एक ग्रेलाइन (एक मछली) के बारे में वर्णन करता है।

वह कहता है कि छोटी नदी या स्त्रोत बहते हुए अनेक आकृतियाँ बनाते हैं। वह अनेक बाग और घास युक्त स्थानों को पार करता है। वह पेड़ों को घेरते हुए चल कर आता है और जैसे ही वह आगे बढ़ता है वह बहुत जगमगाहट अनुभव करता है। वह एक प्यारे फूल मुझे मत भूलना (फूल) के बारे में वर्णन करता है। जो प्रसन्न प्रेमियों के लिए उगता है अंत में वह कहता है कि वह छोटी नदी या स्रोत के किनारे के विषय में अपने भावों को व्यक्त करता रहेगा। वह चांद व तारों के नीचे घूमता है और रास्ता तय करता है। उसका मार्ग छोटे व गोल पत्थरों से भरा हुआ है। वह लबालब भरी नदी से जाकर मिलता है। ‘बुक’ कविता में इस बात पर बल देता है कि वह छोटा स्रोत कभी नहीं रुकता बल्कि चलता रहता है। छोटी नदी या स्रोत की गति कभी न रूकने या खत्म होने वाली प्रक्रिया है।

The Brook Word Meaning

The Brook Comprehension

Read the following stanzas carefully and answer the questions that follow:

1. I come from haunts of coot and hern;
I make a sudden sally
And sparkle out among the fern,
To bicker down a valley.

Questions:
(i) What is the birth place of the brook?
(ii) What type of poem is it?
(iii) What does the word bicker point out?
(iv) Name two water birds mentioned in the passage?
(v) How does the brook come out after its birth?
Answers:
(i) The birth place of the brook is actually the haunt of water birds like coot and hem.
(ii) It is an autobiographical poem.
(iii) The word bicker point out the noise created by the brook w hen it flows.
(iv) The two water birds mentioned are coot and hem.
(v) The brook gushes out in a sudden sally after its birth.

2. Till last by Philip’s farm I flow
To join the brimming river,
For men may come and men may go,
But I go on for ever.

Questions:
(i) What does it cross before reaching the Philip’s farm?
(ii) What does the expression ‘brimming river’ point out?
(iii) What parallelism does this poem have with man?
(iv) What lesson these lines teach you?
(v) Choose a word which means “full”?
Answers:
(i) Before reaching the Philip’s farms it crosses the hills, ridges, towns and bridges. .
(ii) This expression points out that the river is overflowing with water as the brook brings water in it.
(iii) It shows that as the men may come and go. But the brook keeps as flowing for ever.
(iv) These lines teach us a lesson that we should be strong and deter-mined.
(v) It means ‘brimming’.

3. I chatter over stony ways,
In little sharps and trebles,
I bubble into eddying bays,
I babble on the pebbles.

Questions:
(i) What does the word ‘chatter’ points out?
(ii) What difference do these two words ‘bubble’ and ‘babble’ point out?
(iii) Choose word which point outs movement and one word which points out sound?
(iv) Choose an alteration from the stanza?
(v) What figure of speech is used in the stanza?
Answers:
(i) The word ‘chatter’ points out that while passing over the stony ways it is creating heavy’ noise.
(ii) The word bubble points out that when the brook flows in the spiral movement of water its noise is lost. But when it strikes on the pebble it produces a high pitched sound as if expressing its happiness.
(iii) The word which points out movement is bubble and the word which points out sound is babble.
(iv) The alteration used is ‘bubble-bays’.
(v) In this poem brook has been personified. Brook has been indicated as a human being.

4. I wind about, and in and out,
With here a blossom sailing,
And here and there a lusty trout,
And here and there a grayling

Questions:
(i) What path has the brook just crossed?
(ii) Name two different things which can be found floating in the brook?
(iii) What does expression ‘in and out’ indicate?
(iv) What is sailing’on the brook?
(v) Choose the rhyming words?
Answers:
(i) The brook has just passed over the fields and fallow lands.
(ii) The two different things floating in the brook are lusty trout and grayling.
(iii) It points out that the brook does not rest and keeps on flowing constantly.
(iv) Blossoms are sailing on the brook.
(v) The rhyming scheme is a, b, ab.

5. I slip, I slide, I gloom, I glance,
Among my skimming swallows
1 make the netted sunbeam dance,
Against my sandy shallows.

Questions:
(i) Which words points out its carefree nature?
(ii) What does the word ‘netted’ point out?
(iii) How is ‘I responsible for making sunbeam dance?
(iv) Explain the picturesque view of the stanza in a sentence or two?
Answers:
(i) The carefree nature is pointed out by the words: slip, slide, gloom, glance.
(ii) The word ‘netted’ means captured.
(iii) The brook is making the rays of its sun to flicker light on its flowing water. It seems as if the sun rays are dancing on the book.
(iv) The brook passes along the shallow by filtering along the sun rays falling on it.

MP Board Class 11th English Solutions

MP Board Class 11th English A Voyage Textbook

• Patriotism Class 11 Questions And Answers
• What the Moon Saw Class 11 Questions And Answers
• My Mother Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Brook Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Dilemma of the Scientist Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Cherry Tree Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Mercy Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Of Studies Class 11 Questions And Answers
• To a Skylark Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Mahatma Gandhi Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Model Millionaire Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Frog and the Nightingale Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Peace Class 11 Questions And Answers
• One Thousand Dollars Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Sister Nivedita Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Captive Air of Chandipur Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Sir Roger at Home Class 11 Questions And Answers
• King Porus – A Legend of Old Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Mirabai Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Profit and Loss Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Dear Departed Class 11 Questions And Answers
• A Pair of Mustachios Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Bishop’s Candlesticks Class 11 Questions And Answers
• A Cup of Tea Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Gospel of Selfless Action Class 11 Questions And Answers

Class 11 English The Spectrum Chapter 5 The Selfish Giant Questions and Answers

The Selfish Giant Class 11th Question Answer

Word Power

A Match the words in column A with their meanings in column B :
कॉलम A के शब्दों का कॉलम B में दिए गए अर्थों से मिलान करो।
Answer:
1+3,2+4,3+5,4+ 2,5 + 1.

B. Write down the opposite of the underlined words.
रेखांकित शब्दों के विलोम लिखो।
Answer:

1. hell
2. lost
3. walk fast
4. happy

Comprehension

A. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences each.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों का एक या दो वाक्यों में उत्तर दो।

Question 1.
When did the children play in the Giant’s garden? (2014)
दैत्य के बगीचे में बच्चे किस समय खेलते थे।
Answer:
The children played in the afternoon after coming from school.
बच्चे दोपहर बाद स्कूल से लौटने पर खेलते थे।

Question 2.
Why did the Giant build a high wall round his garden? (2010, 12, 13)
दैत्य ने अपने बगीचे के चारों ओर ऊँची दीवार क्यों बनाई ?
Answer:
The giant built a high wall round his garden to stop the children from entering it.
दैत्य ने अपने बगीचे के चारों ओर ऊंची दीवार इसलिए बनाई कि बच्चे उसमें प्रवेश न कर सकें।

Question 3.
Why was the little boy crying? (2009, 15)
छोटा बालक क्यों रो रहा था ?
Answer:
The little boy was crying because he was not able to climb up the tree.
छोटा बालक इसलिए रो रहा था क्योंकि वह पेड़ पर चढ़ने में समर्थ नहीं था।

Question 4.
Why was the Giant angry when he came near the child for the final time?
दैत्य जब अन्तिम बार उस छोटे बालक के समीप आया तो उसे गुस्सा क्यों आया था ?
Answer:
The giant became angry when he saw wounds on the palms and feet of the little boy.
दैत्य को जब बालक की हथेली और पंजों पर जख्म दिखाई दिये तो उसे गुस्सा आया था।

B. Answer the following questions in two to four sentences each.
निम्न प्रश्नों का दो से चार वाक्यों में उत्तर दीजिए।

Question 1.
Why is the Giant in the story called selfish ? (2008, 14, 16)
कहानी में दैत्य को स्वार्थी क्यों कहा गया है ?
Answer:
The giant is called selfish because he wanted the whole garden to himself. He did not allow the children to play in it. He even built a high wall in order to stop them from entering the garden.

दैत्य को स्वार्थी इसलिए कहा गया है क्योंकि वह पूरा बगीचा अपने लिए चाहता था। वह बच्चों को उसमें नहीं खेलने देता था। यहाँ तक कि उसने बगीचे के चारों ओर एक ऊँची दीवार भी बना दी जिससे बच्चे अन्दर आ सकें।

Question 2.
Why did spring not come to the Giant’s garden? (2008, 09) दैत्य के बगीचे में बसन्त क्यों नहीं आया ?
Answer:
Spring used to come to the giant’s garden when the children used to come and play there. When the children were stopped from coming and playing in the garden spring also decided not to come.

बसन्त बगीचे में उस समय आता था जब बच्चे वहाँ खेलने आया करते थे। जब बच्चों का बगीचे में आना और खेलना बन्द कर दिया गया तो बसन्त ने भी न आने का निर्णय कर लिया।

Question 3.
The Giant saw ‘a most wonderful sight’. Describe what he saw ?
दैत्य ने एक बहुत ही मनोहारी दृश्य देखा। वर्णन करिये कि उसने क्या देखा ?
Answer:
He saw that spring had come to his garden. The trees were in full blossom and there was no trace of snow and hail. He also saw children on every tree.

उसने देखा कि उसके बगीचे में बसन्त आ गया था। पेड़ फूलों से लद गये थे और बर्फ और ओलों का नामोनिशान नहीं था। उसे हर पेड़ पर बच्चे भी बैठे हुए दिखाई दिये।

Question 4.
Why did the Giant feel sad even when the children came regularly to play in his garden? (2011)
जब बच्चे उसके बगीचे में नियमित रूप से खेलने आने लगे तब भी दैत्य दुखी क्यों रहता था ?
Answer:
The giant felt sad because he could not find the small boy in their group. The giant loved him the most because he had put his small arms round his neck and had kissed him when he first saw him.

दैत्य इसलिए दुखी रहता था क्योंकि उनके बीच उसे वह नन्हा बालक नहीं दिखाई देता था। दैत्य उसे सबसे अधिक प्यार करता था क्योंकि जब दैत्य ने पहली बार उसे देखा था तो उसने दैत्य की गर्दन में अपनी बाँहें डालकर उसे चूम लिया था।

Question 5.
Who was the little boy ? Where did he take the Giant ? Why ? (2009, 15)
वह नन्हा बालक कौन था ? वह दैत्य को कहाँ ले गया ? क्यों ?
Answer:
The little boy was Jesus Christ himself. He took the giant to his garden, the paradise. He took the giant with him because the giant had anged completely. He wasn’t selfish any more and had started loving children and playing with them.

वह नन्हा बालक जीसस क्राइस्ट स्वयं थे। वे उस दैत्य को अपने बगीचे में ले गयेस्वर्ग में। वह दैत्य को अपने साथ इसलिए ले गये क्योंकि दैत्य पूरी तरह से बदल चुका था। वह अब बिलकुल स्वार्थी नहीं था और बच्चों से प्यार करने व उनके साथ खेलने लगा

C Explain what does the story teller mean by spring has forgotten this garden, the snow and the frost cried, “so we will live here all the year round.” (2009)
कहानीकार इस उक्ति से कि बर्फ और ओलों ने चिल्लाकर कहा कि बसन्त इस बगीचे को भूल गया है, अतः हम यहाँ पूरे साल रहेंगे क्या कहना चाहता है ? समझाइए।
Answer:
He means that when spring will not come to the garden there will be no change in the weather. Summer will not come because it follows – spring and autumn will not come because it follows summer. Hence, winter will remain all the year round. And so there will be snow and hail all the year round.

क्योंकि बसन्त उस बगीचे में नहीं आयेगा तो ऋतु में परिवर्तन भी नहीं होगा। ग्रीष्म ऋतु भी नहीं आयेगी क्योंकि वह तो बसन्त के बाद ही आती है और शरद ऋतु भी नहीं आयेगी क्योंकि वह ग्रीष्म के बाद आती है। अत: वहाँ बर्फ और ओले पूरे साल रहेंगे।

Language Practice

इस खण्ड के मूल प्रश्न व तालिकाएँ अपनी पाठ्य-पुस्तक में से देखिए। यहाँ केवल उनके उत्तर दिए जा रहे हैं।।

A. Apply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets.
कोष्ठक में दी गई क्रिया के उचित रूप भरो।
Answer:

1. speaks
2. cooks
3. work
4. go
5. tells
6. visits
7. goes
8. migrate
9. comes
10. get.

B.Frame questions using the words given in brackets.
दिए गए शब्दों में प्रश्न बनाओ।
Answer:

1. How often does Anita watch television ?
2. How often do you write to your parents ?
3. What time do you usually have dinner in the evening?
4. How often does this car breakdown ?

C. Fill in the blanks with the indefinite or continuous form of the present tense of the verbs given in brackets.
कोष्ठक में दी गई क्रियाओं के Present Indefinite या Present Continouns से खाली स्थान करो।
Answer:

1. rains
2. speaks, is speaking
3. is sleeping
4. is crying
5. is doing
6. is running
7. is repairing
8. points, wants
9. wake, have
10. is cooking.

D. Rearrange the words to make meaningful sentences.
शब्दों को व्यवस्थित करके उचित वाक्य बनाओ।
Answer:

1. They have left for Indore.
2. She has come.
3. They have seen a parrot in the garden.
4. He has passed in the examination.
5. You have insulted me.

E. Change the following sentences according to the instructions given in brackets.
कोष्ठक में दिए गए संकेतों के अनुसार वाक्य परिवर्तित करो।।
Answer:

1. He has not slept for five hours.
2. He has not built the bridge for several months.
3. Have they been playing since 4 o’clock ?
4. I have been doing my job for three years.

F. Rewrite the following putting the verbs into the present perfect continuous form.
निम्नलिखित में क्रियाओं को Present Perfect Continuous में लिखो।
Answer:

1. I have been living here since 1948.
2. I’m afraid you have been looking at the wrong one.
3. Have you been waiting long for me?
4. He has been working in the post office for twenty years.
5. Nobody has come to see us since we have been living in our new house.

The Selfish Giant Summary in Hindi

प्रतिदिन स्कल से आकर बच्चे एक दैत्य के बगीचे में खेला करते थे। वह बगीचा बहत बड़ा और सुन्दर था। उसमें बसन्त में खूब फूल खिलते थे, शरद में पेड़ फलों से लद जाया करते थे और चिड़ियाँ चहचहाती रहती थीं। बच्चे भी वहाँ बहुत खुश रहते थे। उस बगीचे का मालिक एक दैत्य था जो सात साल के लिए अपने नरभक्षी राक्षस मित्र के यहाँ गया था। एक दिन दैत्य वापस आया और बच्चों को बगीचे में खेलता हुआ पाया। इस पर वह बहुत क्रोधित हुआ। मेरा बगीचा मेरा अपना बगीचा है, वह मन ही मन बोला और उसने बगीचे के चारों ओर एक ऊँची दीवार खड़ी कर दी तथा बोर्ड लगा दिया-“अनधिकार प्रवेश करने वालों पर कानूनी कार्यवाही की जाएगी।” अब बेचारे बच्चे बहुत दु:खी रहने लगे। उन्हें खेलने के लिए कोई जगह नहीं थी। वे सोचते थे कि दैत्य के आने के पहले वे कितने सुखी थे।

कछ दिनों बाद सारे देश में बसन्त आया, फल खिले. चिड़ियाँ चहचहाने लगी लेकिन उस दैत्य के बगीचे में शीतकाल ही बना रहा। सारे बगीचे में बर्फ जमी रही और ओलों के तूफान आते रहे। उस साल बगीचे में न बर्फ पिघली, न फूल खिले और न चिड़ियाँ चहचहाई। दैत्य सोचने लगा, “बसन्त आने में इतनी देर क्यों हो रही है। शायद कुछ समय बाद मौसम बदलेगा।” लेकिन बसन्त नहीं आया, गरमी का मौसम भी नहीं आया-न बगीचे में फूल खिले न फल लगे।

ऐक दिन अचानक जब दैत्य अपने बिस्तर में पड़ा हुआ कुछ सोच रहा था कि उसे मधुर संगीत सुनाई दिया। एक छोटी-सी चिड़िया उसकी खिड़की के बाहर चहचहा रही थी। तभी उसे लगा कि उत्तर से आने वाली ठण्डी हवा रुक गई है, ओला वृष्टि थम गई है और खिड़की से मधुर-मधुर सुगन्ध आ रही है। दैत्य ने उठकर बाहर देखा-उसके सामने एक बहुत ही सुहावना दृश्य था। दीवार के भीतर बने एक छोटे से छेद से बच्चे बगीचे में आ गये थे। वे पेड़ों की शाखाओं पर चढ़कर बैठे थे। प्रत्येक पेड़ पर बच्चे दिख रहे थे और बच्चों को वापस पाकर पेड़ बहुत खुश थे-उन पर फूल खिल उठे थे, चिड़ियाँ चहचहाने लगी थी और हरी घास में भी फूल प्रस्फुटित हो उठे थे, किन्तु दूर के एक कोने में अभी भी बर्फ जमी थी। उसके नीचे एक नन्हा-सा बालक खड़ा था, वह पेड़ की शाखा तक नहीं पहुँच पा रहा था।

दैत्य इस सबको देखकर चकित था। उसके मन में अचानक विचार आया कि वह कितना स्वार्थी हो गया था। शायद बच्चों का बगीचे में आना बन्द कर देने से बसन्त ने भी वहाँ आने से इन्कार कर दिया था। जब उसकी समझ में यह बात आई तो वह बाहर निकलकर धीरे-धीरे बगीचे में गया। पर यह क्या ? बच्चों ने जैसे ही उसे देखा वे डरकर भाग गये और उनके जाते ही बगीचे में शीतकाल का मौसम लौट आया, किन्तु दूर कोने में वह नन्हा-सा बालक खड़ा रहा क्योंकि आँखों में भरे आँसुओं के कारण वह दैत्य को देख नहीं सका था। दैत्य चुपके-चुपके उसके पीछे पहुंचा और उसे उठाकर धीरे से पेड़ की शाखा पर बिठा दिया।

तभी पेड़ों पर बसन्त आ गया। चिड़ियाँ आकर उसकी शाखों पर बैठ गई और मधुर संगीत सुनाने लग। वह नन्हा-सा बालक भी अत्यधिक प्रसन्न हो उठा। उसने अपनी नन्हीं बर्हि दैत्य के गले में डाल दी और उसे चूम लिया। दूर खड़े बच्चों ने जब यह सब देखा तो उन्हें लगा कि दैत्य वास्तव में उतना दुष्ट नहीं है जितना वे सोचते थे। वे दौड़कर बगीचे में आ गये और उनके साथ ही लौट आया बसन्त भी। तब दैत्य बोला, “बच्चो अब से यह बगीचा तुम्हारा है।” और उसने दीवार गिरा दी। उधर से निकलने वाले लोग हैरत में थे दैत्य बच्चों के साथ खेल रहा था।

अब प्रतिदिन बच्चे आते, दैत्य के साथ खेलते और शाम को उससे विदा लेकर घर जाते। पर दैत्य को वह नन्हा बालक फिर नहीं दिखा। उसने बच्चों से पूछा तो उसे उत्तर मिला कि न तो उसे जानते हैं न ही उन्होंने उसे कभी देखा है। वर्ष बीतते गये और दैत्य बूढ़ा होकर कमजोर हो गया। अब वह बच्चों के साथ खेल पाने में असमर्थ था। अतः अपनी कुर्सी पर बैठा-बैठा उन्हें खेलता देख प्रसन्न होता रहता था। वह मन में सोचता “मेरे बगीचे में बहुत सुन्दर-सुन्दर फूल हैं पर सबसे सुन्दर फूल तो ये हँसते-खेलते बच्चे हैं।”

एक दिन शीतकाल के समय उसने अपनी खिड़की से बाहर देखा और जो उसने देखा उससे वह स्तब्ध रह गया। बगीचे में दूर एक कोने में फूल खिल रहे थे, फल लटक रहे थे और नीचे एक नन्हा बालक खड़ा था। वह जल्दी से बालक के पास गया और यह देखकर कि उसकी दोनों हथेलियों और पंजों पर कील ठोंकने के घाव और खून है गुस्से से आग-बबूला हो गया। उसने बालक से पूछा कि किसने उसे जख्मी करने की जुर्रत की है, जिसने यह किया है उसे वह मार डालेगा। नन्हें बालक ने उत्तर दिया, “नहीं, वह तो प्रेम के चिह हैं।

” यह सुनकर दैत्य को एक विचित्र से भय का अनुभव हुआ और वह उस बालक के सामने नतमस्तक हो गया। तब वह बालक मुस्कुराया और बोला, “एक दिन तुमने मुझे अपने बगीचे में खेलने दिया था, आज तुम मेरे बगीचे में चलोगे वह स्वर्ग है।” दोपहर बाद जब बच्चे बगीचे में खेलने पहुंचे तो उन्हें वह दैत्य मृत पड़ा हुआ मिला। -ऑस्कर वाइल्ड

The Selfish Giant Word Meanings of Difficult Words

MP Board Class 11th English Solutions

The Spectrum Textbook General English Class 11th Solutions

• True Worship Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Limits of Knowledge Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Dear Teacher Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Shepherd Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Selfish Giant Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Laxmi and the Doll Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Road Not Taken Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Idgah Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Can We Stop The Earthquakes? Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Waves on the Sleepless Sea Class 11 Questions And Answers
• A Letter to God Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Wise Judge Class 11 Questions And Answers
• O Captain! My Captain! Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Gifts of Love Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Uncle Podger Hangs a Picture Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Broken Wing Class 11 Questions And Answers
• A Grain as Big as a Hen’s Egg Class 11 Questions And Answers
• India’s Gift to the World Class 11 Questions And Answers

Class 11 English A Voyage Chapter 21 The Dear Departed Questions and Answers

The Dear Departed Class 11th Question Answer

Word Power

Question 1.
Find the words in the play that mean:
1. window shades
2. go about seeking pleasure
3. tiny particle
4. steal
5. without any sign of feeling
6. move without attracting attention
7. push sharply with a stick or something pointed
8. unforgiving
9. with hurt pride
10. a senseless behaviour
Answer:

1. blinds
2. gallivant
3. speak
4. pinch
5. impassive
6. skip
7. poke
8. ……..
9. ……..
10. tomfoolry

Question 2.
Make sentences the following phrases:
1. to lay table
2. to usher in
3. to breathe a word to
4. to sail into the room
5. hang about
6. put up with
7. feel equal to
8. work oneself up
9. a near thing
10. stagger in
11. have an eye on
12. off (somebody’s) hands
13. out of (one’s) senses
Answer:

1. to lay table – He laid the table for the discussion.
2. to usher in – Our country has ushered in a new era.
3. to breathe a word to – The thief was not ready to breathe a word about the crime to the police.
4. to sail into the room – Suddenly a doubt about the ghost sailed into the room.
5. hang about—Still the decision of this case is hanging about with the President.
6. put up with -I cannot put up with such an awkward situation.
7. feel equal to – He always feels himself equal to the great king.
8. work oneself up -I have worked myself up to the final verdict.
9. a near thing – His settlement is now a near thing.
10. stagger in – The old man staggered in the room.
11. have an eye on – Now the police have an eye on every unattended thing.
12. off (somebody’s) hands – He Was caught offhanded.
13. out of (one’s) senses – Don’t go out of your senses.

Question 3.
Frame sentences to differentiate the meanings of the following pairs of words:

1. straight – strait
2. saft – deft
3. droop – drop
4. breath – breadth
5. adapt – adept
6. worse – verse
7. pique – pick
8. mourning – morning

Answer:
(1) straight— strait
straight—It is a straight road.
strait — The strait of Gibralter is very famous.

(2) ‘saft—deft
saft
deft

(3) droop-drop
droop – He is sitting with his drooping should is.
drop — There is not a single drop of water in this glass.

(4) breath — breadth
breath – He breaths with difficulty.
breadth -The breadth of this river is narrow.

(5) adapt — adept
adapt – We have adapted the new climate.
adept — We are adept to the new situation.

(6) worse — verse
worse – The patient’s condition became worse.
verse—This is a verse of traditional pattern.

(7) pique—pick
pique –
pick — The child picked up the chocolate.

(8) mourning-morning
mourning – Many people gathered in the mourning of the leader,
morning – I get up early in the morning.

Comprehension

(A) Arrange the following sentences in sequence so that a continues narrative of the story of the Dear Departed could be made. Begin your story with the first statement as the first sentences:
1. Abel Merry weather had two daughters Amelina and Elizabeth (lovingly called by him Melia’ and Lizzy ’.)
2. The Slaters had a daughter named Victoria.
3. They discussed the advertisement, which should be put up in the newspapers.
4. Mrs. Slater and her husband waited for the arrival of Mrs. Jordan and her husband so that preparations for cremation could be made.
5. Abel Merry weather said that in his new Will he would make the provision that his belongings and property would go to the person with whom he lived at the time of his death.
6. Victoria was sent to Abel Merryweather’s room to bring the key
bunch of the bureau in which Abel Merryweather might have put the insurance premium receipt.
7. Abel Merryweather informed that he was going to marry Mrs. John Shorocks, a widow.
8. Abel Merryweather said that he was going to change his Will.
9. One day Mrs. Slater felt that Abel Merryweather had died.
10. Suddenly Victoria came into room telling that grandfather (Abel ’Merryweather,) was moving.
11. Before the arrival of the Jordons, the Slaters had pinched grandfather’s bureau and wall clock.
12. Mrs. Slater sent a telegram to her sister about the death of Abel Merryweather.
13. Amelia after marriage had become Mrs. Slater while Elizabeth was called Mrs. Jordan.
14. At the time of the story he lived with Amelia.
15. Both of the daughters were married.
16. The sisters (Mrs. Slater and Mrs. Jordan) wanted to ascertain if Abel Merryweather had deposited his insurance premium.
Answer:

1. Abel Merry weather had two daughters Amelina and Elizabeth (lovingly called by him ‘Melia’ and ‘Lizzy’.)
2. Both of the daughters were married.
3. Amelia after marriage had become Mrs. Slater while Elizabeth was called Mrs. Jordan.
4. One day Mrs. Slater felt that Abel Merry weather had died.
5. At the time of the story he lived with Amelia.
6. Mrs. Slater sent a telegram to her sister about the death of Abel Merry weather.
7. Mrs. Slater and her husband waited for the arrival of Mrs. Jordan and her husband so that preparations for cremation could be made.
8. They discussed the advertisement, which should be put up in the newspapers.
9. Before the arrival of the Jordans, the Slaters had pinched grandfather’s bureau and wall clock.
10. The sisters (Mrs. Slater and Mrs. Jordan) wanted to ascertain if Abel Merry weather had deposited his insurance premium.
11. The Slaters had a daughter named Victoria.
12. Victoria was sent to Abel Merry weather’s room to bring the key bunch of the bureau in which Abel Merry weather might have put the insurance premium receipt.
13. Suddenly Victoria came into room telling that grandfather (Abel Merryweather) was moving.
14. Abel Merryweather said that in his new Will he would make the provision that his belongings and property would go to the person with whom he lived at the time of his death.
15. Abel Merryweather said that he was going to change is will.
16. Abel Merryweather informed that he was .going to marry Mrs. John Shorocks, a widow.

(B) Answer the following questions in about 150 words:

Question 1.
Write a character sketch of Mrs. Slater highlighting the following .points:
(a) her greed
(b) her overpowering nature.
(c) her straight walk
(d) her impoliteness, and
(e) her lack of the sense of feelings.
Answer:
Mrs. Slater is one of the daughters of Abel Merrweather. She plays the most dominant role in the play. She is a vigorous, plump, redfaced, vulgar woman prepared to do any amount of straight talking to get her own way. She is sharp-witted. After she gets confirmed about the death of her father, she tries to first grab all the essentials of her father. She takes Victoria, her sister into confidence. She takes the bureau of her father. She also asks her sister to take his slippers. She also takes the mantelpiece from her father’s room. Then she turns her attention to the insurance policy of Abel Merry weather and also wants to get sure that he had paid its premiums. She doesn’t want anyone to come there before she takes everything in her possession.

She is a lady of overpowering nature. She instructs how to pose to be a perfect mourns before the visitors, She expresses her mourning in a very perfect way before her uncle and aunt who have come there to their sympathy. She doesn’t show sympathy to anyone. She is very rude in her behaviour.

When she comes to know that her father is not dead, she is shocked. But she controls herself in a clever manner. Though she is exposed. The father comes to know everything and changes his will. She tries to convince her father that she has taken the things just to keep them safe. But the father leaves the house and denounces his daughters, behaviour. Mrs. Slater represents a great materialistic character who has no emotion, no relation, but only her own-self. She is completely feelingless

Question 2.
In the play the two daughters do not seem to be concerned at their father’s death. Do you think it is proper? If not, why?
Answer:
‘The Dear Departed’ is a play which exposes the degradation of moral values in the British class. The theme is put in the form of a story of a family affair represented by two sisters Mrs. Slater and Mrs. Jordan. Their father Mr. Abel is shown to be dead. The behaviour of the daughters and their husbands after the confirmation of Abel’s death is changed completely. They are not at all concerned with the dead body or the funeral : rites. Instead they take care of the things and other belongings like slippers mantelpiece, bureau, insurance policy etc. of Abel. They want to grab all the things before any outsiders come there for mourning They even want to get sure whether Abel had paid the last premium of the policy.

They are in hurry because their relatives are to reach there any moment. They become too much greedy. On the other hand they are in black dress as a mark of mourning. They posses to be in great grief. This attitude is in no way appreciating because it shows very low grade mentality. After all Abel is their father. Whatever he died or possessed, it is for his daughters. If he were died in fact, if the first concern for Mrs. Slater and Mrs. Jordan first to arrange his funeral in a perfect manner. But their attitude shows they have no attachment with him. They are concerned only with his belongings. They are exposed for their lost moral value.

Question 3.
How are the two sisters exposed in the play “The Dear Departed”?
Answer:
‘The Dear Departed’ is a play which exposes the degradation of moral values in the British class. The theme is put in the form of a story of a family affair represented by two sisters Mrs. Slater and Mrs. Jordan. Their father Mr. Abel is shown to be dead. The behaviour of the daughters and their husbands after the confirmation of Abel’s death is changed completely. They are not at all concerned with the dead body or the funeral : rites. Instead they take care of the things and other belongings like slippers mantelpiece, bureau, insurance policy etc. of Abel. They want to grab all the things before any outsiders come there for mourning They even want to get sure whether Abel had paid the last premium of the policy.

They are in hurry because their relatives are to reach there any moment. They become too much greedy. On the other hand they are in black dress as a mark of mourning. They posses to be in great grief. This attitude is in no way appreciating because it shows very low grade mentality. After all Abel is their father. Whatever he died or possessed, it is for his daughters. If he were died in fact, if the first concern for Mrs. Slater and Mrs. Jordan first to arrange his funeral in a perfect manner. But their attitude shows they have no attachment with him. They are concerned only with his belongings. They are exposed for their lost moral value.

Question 4.
Narrate the story of ‘The Dear Departed’ from the point of view of Abel Merryweather.
Answer:
I am Abel Merryweather. I have seen long life. It has been full of wonderful experiences. The ups and downs, joy and grief, lost and found have been some of the unforgettable moments. But one thing is sure that these have made me learn a real life situations. But the most bitter experience I had was the behaviour of my own daughters. One day I was in deep sleep.

I wanted to try my daughters concerned for me. I posed to be dead. Suddenly my daughters came to know it. The moment they knew about my death they became more active. First my second daughter took away my slippers. I was feeling everything and was listening to their talk. My elder daughter took away my bureau and then the mantelpiece; they were trying to get the insurance policy and its premium receipt. They were making all efforts to grab my all belongings.

I felt they were not at all worried about my funeral. Now it became intolerable for me and I got up. I exposed their behaviour and snapped all relations with them. Though they begged their pardon but I was too much pained at their excessive selfishness and materialistic attitude. I disowned them and decided to marry a widow. I also changed my will. I was shocked what a fall man has met with.

Question 5.
Justify the title of the play ‘The Dear Departed’?
Answer:
‘The Dear Departed’ is a satirical play which exposes the degradation of moral values in the British middle class. The two sisters- Mrs. Slater and Mrs. Jordan represent the characters who have lost all moral values. The moment they come to know that their father is dead. They become active to grab all his belongings one by one they take his bureau, slippers, mantelpiece, insurance policy etc. they have no concern for the dead father. They pose to be in perfect mourning. But their attitude is not honest.

They don’t want to spend anything for the funeral. However Abel, their father, gets up. The two sisters are surprised. Abel exposes them. He is not convinced at their pleas in excuses. He disowns them. Here the dear father departs from his daughters. On the other hand, it is the belongings of the father which were most dear to the two daughters are also lost for them. So, the writer has chosen the title ‘The Dear Departed’ very aptly.

The Dear Departed Summary In English

‘The Dear Departed’ is a satirical play by Stanley Houghton. It satirises the degradation of moral values in the British class people. The story begins in the sitting room of a small house in a lower middle class district of a provincial town; Mrs. Slater and Mrs. Jordan are two sisters. Henry Slater and Ben Jordan are their husband respectively. Mrs. Slater is a vigorous, plump, red faced vulgar woman prepared to do any amount of straight talking to gets her own way.

They have come to know that their father Abel is no more. They wear black dresses to show their mourning. They have informed their uncle the death of Abel. In the meantime they want to grab all the belongs of their father. They take the slippers, mantelpiece, bureau and some other things from father’s room. They also wait to get the insurance policy of Abel.They have, in fact, no concern for the death of Abel. They don’t care for his funeral. They don’t bother to care for the dead body.

The two sisters including their husbands posed to be in perfect mourning of the death of Abel. But the payment of premium for the insurance policy still haunts in their mind. Mrs. Slater sends Victoria, her daughter, to check Abel’s room find the premium receipt. Victoria goes there but returns very scared. She informs them that there is movement in the body of Abel.

They are amazed and scared also. They peep into the room and then go there. Abel thrust his hand at Ben who skips back to a safe distance below the safe. Now they are sure that grandfather is not dead. Abel exposes both of his daughters one by one. Though they try to convince him that they s took his things just to keep them safely. But Abel is not convinced. He rejects their pleas and all their excuses. Then Abel declares that he is going to change his will. He will give all his belongings to the one with whom he will remain at the time of his death. He don’t want to be robbed again. Now both the daughters try to win over Abel. But finally Abel declares that he is going to marry a widow. The daughters are fade up. But Abel is determined to disown them for their materialistic and selfish attitude.

The Dear Departed Summary in Hindi

‘The Dear Departed’ Stanley Houghton द्वारा लिखी हुई एक व्यंग्यात्मक नाटक है। यह ब्रिटिश वर्ग के लोगों के नैतिक मूल्यों के पतन की निन्दा करता है। कहानी की शुरुआत एक निम्न मध्य-वर्गीय प्रादेशिक शहर के जिले में एक छोटे-से घर के . बैठक-खाने में होती है। Mrs. Slater और Mrs. Jordon दो बहनें हैं। उनके पति क्रमश: Henry Slater एवं Ben Jordon हैं। Mrs. Slater एक तेज तर्रार, मोटी, लाल चेहरे वाली भद्दी महिला है जो अपने स्वार्थ के लिए कुछ भी कहने-सुनने और करने को तैयार रहती है। उन लोगों को पता चलता है कि उनके पिता Abel की मृत्यु हो चुकी है। वे शोक प्रदर्शन के लिए काले लिबास पहन लेती हैं। वे अपने चाचा को Abel की मृत्यु की सूचना दे चुकी हैं। इस बीच वे चाहती हैं कि पिता के सारा सामान हड़प लें। वे उनकी चप्पलें, समयसूचक यंग, अलमारी और पिता के कमरे के अन्य सभी सामान ले लेती हैं। दरअसल उन्हें Abel
की मौत से कोई मतलब नहीं है। वे उसके अंतिम संस्कार के बारे में जरा भी नहीं सोचती  हैं।

वे मृत शरीर के रख-रखाव की भी चिंता नहीं करतीं। दोनों बहनें और उनके पति Abel की मृत्यु पर पूर्ण शोक मनाने का नाटक करते हैं। लेकिन अभी भी उनके दिमाग में Insurance Policy की किस्त की अदायगी की चिंता समायी हुई है। Mrs. Slater अपनी बेटी Victoria को Abel के कमरे में किस्त की रसीद खोजने के लिए भेजती है। Victoria वहां जाती है लेकिन डरकर तुरंत वापस आ जाती है। वह उन्हें बताती है कि Abel के शरीर में हरकत हो रही है। उन्हें आश्चर्य और डर दोनों होता है। वे कमरे में झांकती हैं और फिर वहां जाती हैं।

Abel Ben पर जोर से हाथ उठाता है जो सोफे पर गिरकर बच जाता है। अब वह समझ गए कि दादाजी जीवित हैं। वे मरे नहीं हैं। Abel एक-एक कर दोनों बेटियों की पोल खोलता है। हालांकि वे Abel को समझाने की पूरी कोशिश करते हैं, कि उन लोगों ने सामानों की सुरक्षा के लिए उन्हें अपने पास रख लिया। लेकिन Abel को इस पर विश्वास नहीं हुआ। वह उनकी दलीलों और सफाई को अस्वीकार कर देता है। फिर वह अपनी वसीयत बदलने की घोषणा करता है। वह अपनी सारी सम्पत्ति उसे देगा जिसके साथ वह अपनी मृत्यु के समय रहेगा। वह अब फिर से ठगा जाना नहीं चाहता। अब दोनों बेटियाँ Abel को पटाने की कोशिश करती है। लेकिन अंतत: Abel उन्हें बताता है कि वह एक विधवा से शादी करने जा रहा है। दोनों लड़कियां निराश हो जाती हैं। किन्तु Abel उनकी दुनियादारी और स्वार्थी विचारों के कारण उन्हें त्याग देने का निश्चय कर चुका है।

The Dear Departed Word Meaning

MP Board Class 11th English Solutions

MP Board Class 11th English A Voyage Textbook

• Patriotism Class 11 Questions And Answers
• What the Moon Saw Class 11 Questions And Answers
• My Mother Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Brook Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Dilemma of the Scientist Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Cherry Tree Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Mercy Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Of Studies Class 11 Questions And Answers
• To a Skylark Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Mahatma Gandhi Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Model Millionaire Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Frog and the Nightingale Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Peace Class 11 Questions And Answers
• One Thousand Dollars Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Sister Nivedita Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Captive Air of Chandipur Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Sir Roger at Home Class 11 Questions And Answers
• King Porus – A Legend of Old Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Mirabai Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Profit and Loss Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Dear Departed Class 11 Questions And Answers
• A Pair of Mustachios Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Bishop’s Candlesticks Class 11 Questions And Answers
• A Cup of Tea Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Gospel of Selfless Action Class 11 Questions And Answers

MP Board Class 11th Special English Writing Skills Important Questions

I. PARAGRAPH WRITING

A paragraph is a short composition, relating to one idea.

Features :

• A paragraph is short, but there are no specific rules about how short it should be.
• The introduction of the subject may be given in the first sentences. It should rouse the interest of the reader.
• Logical sequence of thoughts should be maintained. One sentences should lead to the other.
• Sentences should have different types of construction and should vary in length.
• Unnecessary repetition of words should be avoided.
• Ambiguous words or phrases should be avoided.
• The conclusion may be stated in the last sentence.

1. Write a paragraph in about 100 words, how you would like to set up and decorate your room. You may use the following suggestions as well as your own ideas :

reflect personality — favorite color scheme — arrangement of furniture. sleeping area — study and work area – cupboard -decoration, posters etc.

A Room of My Own (M.P. 2013)

My rooms is a place of my own in our new house. I have planned to decorate it according to my heart. It will reflect my personality. The walls will be painted off-white : neither shining like ivory nor dull like cream. My bed cover, curtains and pictures will be matching or contrasting the color scheme of walls or ceiling. I’II like to avoid over-crowding my room. So I’ll keep minimum furniture–my bed, a study table, shelves for books and music system. I will put my painting on the front wall. The vase in the corner will have fresh flowers to make my room fragrant and beautiful.

2. Write a paragraph in about 100 words on the ‘Role of Students in National Development’. You may use the following suggestions as well as your own ideas :

pride of nation — uplift and development – global village — responsibility of youth. problems — techniques in agriculture_valuable guidance — self employment.

Role of Students in National Development

Students are the pride and glory of a nation. The can play a very constructive role in the progress, uplift and development of a country. Information Technology has turned the world into a global village. Our educated youth have a tremendous responsibility on their young shoulders. Our country is over-populated and beset with poverty, ignorance, illiteracy and superstitions. Students can enlighten the villagers about new techniques in agriculture. By making them literate, students provide them with valuable guidance in establishing cooperative societies. This will help in generating money through self-employment.

3. Air Pollution and Children

The biggest threat to a child’s health these days is air pollution. This is major cause of respiratory diseases among children, especially in big cities and towns. The number of vehicles on the roads is increasing day-by-day. These emit poisonous gases, which permeate the atmosphere and lead to diseases like asthma and even cancer. Many industries located in these cities also add to air pollution. The Government must do something concrete to prevent air pollution so that the people, especially children can live healthy lives.

4. School Annual Day And Prize Distribution Function (Imp)

The Annual Day and Prize Distribution Function of our school was celebrated on 18th – December this year. The Chief Guest, State Education Minister, was received by the principal and the members of the Staff. He inaugurated the function by lighting a lamp. The function began with invocation of Goddess Sarswati. Then the Principal read out the Annual Report. After a series of cultural performances, the chief guest honoured the outstanding students with medals and certificates. In a brief but inspirational speech the Chief Guest exhorted us to perform better. The function ended with the singing of the national anthem.

5. Where there is a Will there is a Way

When we are determined to do a thing however different is may be we find a way to do it. Napoleon well said Impossible is a word only to be found in the dictionary of fools. And he crossed the Alps. All the hurdles are conquered by persistent efforts. So our will must be strong enough to do a difficult task. Our goal is not very far if our will is very strong.

6. Work is Worship (Imp)

It is will said that hard work is a key to success. Success visits those who are diligent and industries. If we shirk work, we shall never prosper and shall never be happy. We shall bad a miserable life. In fact, we are the architect of our own fate. And it is hard work and continuous labour which clinch matters. Even if we are born with a silver spoon in mouth, we must inculcate the habit of hard work in us to sustain our inheritance. Hard work has built empire after empires. So we must take it for granted that there is no way to fortune except through hard labor.

7. Knowledge is Power (Imp)

Power does not flow from the barrel of the gun. It flows from the knowledge you are armed with it is through teh might of sheer knowledge that you can sway a scene. It is the procession of knowledge that makes masters the lack of it slaves. History bears testimony that it is not Hitlers or mussolins who rule our hearts but it is Einsteins or faradays who have pre-eminently enagaged our hearts and minds. A storehouse of knowledge is more powerful than a storehouse of arms.

8. Criminals are not Born but Circumstances make them (M.P. 2013)

Most people must have thought the wars occured due to the invention of weapons. It is also presumed that criminals are born due to weapons, but the truth of the matter is that criminals are not born but circumstances make them. Circumstances force a person to bring a change in the mind of the people. It is said that struggle creates struggle and peace creates peace. Circumstances of a person leads her/him towards the pit of criminals. At times due to hard life situation a person looses hope on god and is easily lead to the world of criminals. Thus, circumstances can play a vital role in turning a good human being to bad.

II. REPORT WRITING : NEWSPAPER REPORTS

Newspaper reports are objective description of events or thought-provoking essays.

Features :

• A newspaper report (or a report in the school magazine) is a factual account of events written in an objective manner in the form of a short article.
• It can also be a short essay, discussing an issue that affects many people.
• The report starts with an appropriate headline.
• Name of the place and date are mentioned in the beginning.
• The first sentence is usually an expansion of the headline.
• Facts shouit be accurate.
• The report should be objective.
• Views of the people concerned can be included. However, facts and views should be kept separate.

Examples

1. Bus Mows Down Siblings
(By local correspondent)

Ujjain, Dec. 12 : In what may be called a rather ghastly accident, two school children, a brother and a sister, were moved down by a city bus operating in the Free Ganj Area. The children were on their way back home from school walking down the road when a speeding bus which had swerved to the left to avoid collision with an auto-rickshaw coming from the opposite side, ran over the children. They died on the way to hospital.

The crowed on the husy road immediately reacted and prevented the bus driver from ‘making his escape. The angry mob pulled him out and beat him. He is in police custody.

Meanwhile the local police have arrested the owner of the bus. The bus has been impounded and the driver’s license has been confiscated. The S. P. (Traffic) has ordered an inquiry into the incident.

The parents are inconsolable.

2. Yesterday a fire broke out in the busy Bada Bazaar area. More than 1,000 shops were gutted. There has been a heavy loss of life and property. As a correspondent of a local daily, write a report.
Answer :

A Fire Accident (M.P. 2013)
(By local correspondent)

It was found yesterday that a fire broke out in the busy main market of Bada Bazaar Area last night: The fire flames were seen at about 9 o’clock at night the fire spread so fearfully and furiously that it covered the entire market in no time. The reporter by chance passing by the way caught hold of the incident and at once phoned the fire brigade. The fire brigade did appear in time but it took time to locate the water point. In the meantime more than 1000, shops were gutted, the fire scene became frightening. Numberless people gathered and tried to put the fire out. The fire brigade sprayed water continuously. Within, about four hours the fire subsided the damage is estimated near about 15 crores in all. The cause of fire is supposed to be by short-circuit. There is a heavy loss of life and property.

III. Diary ENTRY

A diary entry is the record of a person’s feelings or thoughts or activities during the course of a particular day.

Features :

• Diary entries are short compositions. They are like letters which one writes to one’s own self.
• They are written in an informal style.
• As the content of diary entries are generally about feelings, emotions and observation, it is a good practice to use a logical and coherent style,

1. Sonali wrote this diary entry on her Annual Sports Day
December 12
Tuesday
I was so nervous standing on the far side of racetrack. The stadium was almost filled to the capacity. As the last runner of the 4 x 100 metres relay. I had the final responsibility to defend the honour of my House. But I felt feel shaking. Was it at, physical weakness? Or was my mind playing tricks on me? I closed my eyes and prayed to God to give me the strength. The sound of the whistler told me the race had began. The roar of the spectators was deafening. All the children were cheering their houses, and the parents their children. I still could not open my eyes. Suddenly, I remembered what Papa had told me before the race. “Sonu, remember, it is just a race. There will be only one winner. But that does not mean that my daughter will be a loser even if she loses the race.’ My eyes opened. The race was almost three-quarters over. Maria, who had to hand over the baton to me in the final lap, was almost ten feet behind the runner from the Green House. “Maria, come on !’ I shouted. The change over was smooth, and I ran with all my might. All the sounds, all the roar became meaning less. I had to reach the finish line. I had to make up for the ten feet gap. And I had to beat the Green House. But I dared not look over my shoulder. I just ran. Another roar sounded in my ears, with cheers of ‘Red House !’ As I crossed the finish line, I realized I had beaten the Green house girl. I had won! Red House had won !

On the victory podium, I stood proudly with my team-mates, my eyes searching for Papa and Mama. I could not locate them. But I knew they were at me, only at me. Their girl, who was not a loser.

IV. E-MAIL WRITING

To :
ajay_thakur241@hotmail.com

Cc:
sudhirkhare@google.co.in

Subject :
Congrats !
Hi Ajay,
Great to know u got the job!
When do we get the treat?
Akshay

Compose e-mail messages on the following themes :
1. You are Deepa. Compose an e-mail to your friend Jaya whose address is jaya418@yahoo.com, asking her to mail you the pictures she had collected for the science project.
Answer :
To :
Jaya 418@yahoo.com

Cc:
——–

Subject :
Science Project.
Hi jaya ! U’v got the pictures for science projects send them to me soon.
Deepa

2. You are Managing Director of Agro-products Ltd. Write an e-mail massage wishing Happy Diwali on behalf of your firm, intended to be sent to three of your vice presidents.
(Hint: Write one e-mail address in the ‘To’box and other two in the ‘Cc’box separated by a semi-colon).
Answer :
To:
Vp_Roy@gmail.com

Cc:
Darshan 101 @rediffmail.com;
Raj_oberoy@indiatimes.com

Subject :
Happy Diwali
Hi Everyone
I wish Happy Diwali to all of you on behalf of Agro Products Ltd. We pray this Diwali brings more joy & prosperity to your family.
Anju Sharma
MD

V. Writing Advertisements

Advertisements are mostly used to publicize products and services and to give information,

Features :

• Advertisements can be broadly divided into two categories : classified advertisements and display advertisements.
• Classified advertisements are put under definite headings for easy reference such as : Situation Vacant, Matrimonial and Education.
• Display advertisements are meant for publication as well as display as signboard, hoarding, filmslide etc.
• Display advertisements have catchy headlines or punch lines. ..
• Display advertisements are made attractive by using visuals like photographs, cartoons, logos, attractive fonts etc.

1. Examples : Classified Advertisement

Alliance invited for Nigam, 32/
170, Doctor MS (Ortho.) hand
some boy working in Mumbai,
salary five figures, from doctor
girl. Caste no barrier. Please
write with photograph to Box
No. 31402/07, Dainik Bhasker,
Indore.

Required teachers, preferably female
for teaching the following languages:
FREN DII, GERMAN, ARABIC &
ENGLISH Attractive salary, Contact
with resume: MD. ‘Linguistics’ E-4/900
Area Colony, Bhopal.

2. Display Advertisement

Vi. Formal Report Writing

Ravi Bajaj’s School adopted a village for a literacy project. His Principal has asked him, as the leader of the literacy group, to write a report on the progress made after three months.
Answer :
From : Ravi Bajaj
To : The Principal
Model School, Jhabua
30, Nov. 2013

Literacy Report : Village Peepal Haat, Distt. Jhabua

I have been asked to submit a short report on the progress made so far in the Literary Project in the adopted village, Peepal Haat. The following are the finding and recommen dations.

The project started on 4 July and regular classes are being held for two hours every alternate day. On an average, 48 illiterates attend the classes.

Initially the adults were reluctant to learn. Gradually they overcame their inhibitions and now they even discuss their confusions. Most of them are found to be making a serious attempt to learn to read and write. A few of them have expressed their gratitude to the school for providing them with the opportunity.

Since there is a marked improvement in attendance, it is recommended that the hours of teaching be increased. Alternatively, classes may be taken every day. More students may be assigned the duty of teaching illiterates, as this itself is a learning process.

It is felt that the period of three months is very short for a proper assessment. A detailed evaluation would be done at later stage.

Ravi Bajaj
Group Leader

MP Board Class 11th Special English Important Questions

Class 11 English The Spectrum Chapter 14 Gifts of Love Questions and Answers

Gifts of Love Class 11th Question Answer

Word Power

Question 1.
Use the suffix -ish in different sentences.
प्रत्यय -ish का उपयोग अलग-अलग वाक्यों में कीजिए।
Answer:

• brown -Her hair is brownish.
• wheat -His complexion is wheatish.
• black -The suit is blackish not grey.
• child -Her behaviour was childish.

Question 2.
Make adverbs by addingly suffix.
प्रत्यय जोड़कर क्रिया-विशेषण बनाइए।।
Answer:
attentive-attentively, rapid-rapidly, quick-quickly, nervous – nervously, fixed-fixedly, eager-eagerly, loving-lovingly, beautiful – beautifully.

Comprehension

A. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences each.
[इन प्रश्नों का एक या दो वाक्यों में उत्तर दीजिए।

Question 1.
How did Della save the money for the present? (2009, 16)
तोहफे के लिए डेला ने पैसे किस प्रकार बचाए ?
Answer:
She saved one or two pennies at a time by haggling with the grocer and the vegetable man.
उसने एक-एक, दो-दो पेनी पंसारी और सब्जी वाले से भाव-ताव करके बचाई थी।

Question 2.
What were the two most prized possessions in the family of Jim and Della?”
(2009, 10, 13, 15)
जिम और डेला के परिवार की दो मूल्यवान सम्पत्तियाँ कौन-सी थी ?
Answer:
The two most prized possessions were Jim’s gold watch which had been his father’s and his grandfather’s and Della’s hair which went down to her knees.
वे दो मूल्यवान सम्पत्तियाँ थीं जिम की सोने की घड़ी जो उसके पिता के पास और उसके दादा के पास रह चुकी थी और डेला के लम्बे बाल जो उसके घुटनों तक जाते थे।

Question 3.
Describe the gift that Della bought. (2014)
डेला ने जो तोहफा खरीदा, उसका वर्णन कीजिए।
Answer:
It was a platinum fob chain which was simple in design but was very beautiful.
वह एक प्लेटिनम की जेब घड़ी की चेन थी जो सादगीपूर्ण किन्तु बहुत सुन्दर थी।

Question 4.
Describe Jim’s reaction when he first saw Della with her hair cut.
जब जिम ने पहली बार डेला को उसके कटे हए बाल के साथ देखा तो उसे कैसा लगा ? वर्णन कीजिए।
Answer:
His eyes were fixed upon Della and he stood motionless as if he had turned into a statue.
उसकी आँखें डेला पर लगी रहीं और वह अचल खड़ा रहा मानो एक मूर्ति में बदल गया हो।

Question 5.
Describe Jim’s gift to Della.
जिम डेला के लिए जो तोहफा लाया था उसका वर्णन कीजिए।
Answer:
They were beautiful combs which were made of tortoise shell. They had jewelled rims.
वे कंधियाँ थीं जो कछुए के कवच की बनी थीं। उनके किनारे रत्नात थे।

B. Answer the following questions in two to four sentences each.
इन प्रश्नों का उत्तर दो से चार वाक्यों में दीजिए।।

Question 1.
“It seemed as if he had turned into a statue”. What does this sentence signify ?
“ऐसा लगता था मानो वह एक मूर्ति में बदल गया हो।” इस वाक्य का क्या अभिप्राय
Answer:
He was stunned on seeing Della with her hair cut. He stood motionless for sometime. This happened because he was shocked.

वह डेला को कटे हुए बालों में देखकर स्तम्भित हो गया। वह कुछ समय तक अचल खड़ा रहा। यह इसलिए हुआ क्योंकि उसे गहरा धक्का लगा था।

Question 2.
Why was Della first overjoyed and then broke down into tears when she received her gift? (2008, 09)
कारण था कि तोहफा मिलने पर डेला पहले तो अति प्रसन्न हुई पर बाद में रो पड़ी ?
Answer:
On receiving the gift (combs) she became overjoyed because she had been longing for them for a long time. But when she realised that the hair for which the combs had been needed were gone, she broke down into tears.

तोहफा (कंधियाँ) पाकर वह अत्यधिक प्रसन्न हो गई क्योंकि उनके लिए वह बहुत समय से लालयित थी। पर जब उसे यह ध्यान आया कि वे बाल जिन्हें उन कषियों की जरूरत थी वे जा चुके हैं, तो वह फूट-फूटकर रो पड़ी।

Question 3.
Why did Jim throw the gift upon the table which he had brought for Della?
जो तोहफा जिम डेला के लिए लाया था उसे उसने टेबिल पर क्यों फेंक दिया ?
Answer:
Jim brought the combs for Della’s hair. When he saw that the hair had gone he realised that the gift had no meaning. So, in dejection, he threw it on the table.

जिम वह कंधियाँ डेला के बालों के लिए लाया था। जब उसने देखा कि वे बाल जा चुके हैं तो उसे लगा कि अब उस तोहफे का कोई मतलब नहीं है। इसलिए निराशा में उसने उन्हें टेबिल पर फेंक दिया।

Question 4.
Why did Jim say that the gifts were too nice to use at that time?.
जिम ने क्यों कहा कि तोहफे उस समय उपयोग के लिए आवश्यकता से अधिक अच्छे हैं ?
Answer:
Della had bought a platinum fob chain for Jim’s gold watch but Jim had sold it already so the gift was of no use. Similarly Jim bought beautiful combs for Della’s hair which she had sold and so the combs were also of no use. Hence Jim said that the gifts were too nice to use at that time.

डेला ने जिम की सोने की घड़ी के लिए प्लेटिनम की चेन खरीदी थी पर जिम ने वह घड़ी पहले ही बेच दी थीं। अतः उस तोहफे का कोई उपयोग नहीं था। इसी प्रकार जिम ने कंधियाँ डेला के बालों के लिए खरीदी थीं जिन्हें वह बेच चुकी थी। इस प्रकार वे भी किसी उपयोग की नहीं थी। इसीलिए जिम ने कहा कि वे तोहफे अभी उपयोग के लिए आवश्यकता से ज्यादा अच्छे हैं।

C. “Don’t make any mistake about me Della”, he said, “I don’t think a hair-cut could make my love for you any less. But if you unwrap that package, you’ll see why I looked so lost at first.” Describe the reactions of Jim and Della on the gifts they brought for each other. (2012)
[“मुझे गलत मत समझो, डेला” उसने कहा, मैं नहीं समझता कि बाल कट जाने से तुम्हारे प्रति मेरे प्यार में कुछ कमी आएगी। पर यदि तुम उस पैकिट को खोलकर देखो तो तुम्हें समझ में आ जाएगा कि पहले मैं खोया-सा क्यों लग रहा था।” जिम और डेला एक-दूसरे के लिए जो तोहफे लाए उन पर उनकी प्रतिक्रिया का वर्णन करिए।]
Answer:
Jim received the shock of his life when he saw that the gift which he had bought after selling his most precious possession was of no use because Della had her hair cut and sold. Similarly, Della too was terribly upset when she found that the gift she bought after selling her most precious possession had no use because Jim had already sold his gold watch.

जिम को बहुत गहरा धक्का लगा जब उसने देखा कि जो तोहफा उसने अपनी सबसे बहुमूल्य चीज बेचकर खरीदा था उसका अब कोई उपयोग नहीं था क्योंकि डेला ने अपने बाल कटवाकर बेच दिये थे। इसी प्रकार डेला भी हतप्रभ रह गयी जब उसने पाया कि जो तोहफा उसने अपने सबसे मूल्यवान चीज बेचकर खरीदा था उसका अब कोई उपयोग नहीं था क्योंकि जिम ने अपनी सोने की घड़ी बेच दी थी।

Language Practice

इस खण्ड के मूल प्रश्न व तालिकाएँ अपनी पाठ्य-पुस्तक में से देखिए। यहाँ सिर्फ उनके उत्तर दिये जा रहे हैं।

A. Write the functions of the following modals in the given brackets.
कोष्ठक में दिए गये modals का कार्य लिखो।।
Answer:

• Obligation
• Permission
• Conclusion
• Certainty.

B. Choose the correct alternative.
सही विकल्प चुनो।]
Answer:

• should
• ought to
• would
• Shall
• Would
• might,
• mustn’t
• should
• Could
• Shall.

C. Write the functions of the following modals in the given brackets.
दिये गये कोष्ठकों में modals का कार्य लिखो।
Answer:

• Compulsion
• Possibility
• Necessity
• Prohibition
• Compulsion.

D. Write the functions of the following modals in the given brackets.
दिये गये कोष्ठकों में modals का कार्य लिखिए।
Answer:

• Moral duty
• Strong probability
• Possibility
• Moral duty
• Possibility.

E. Write the functions of the following modals in the given brackets.
[दिये गये कोष्ठकों में modals का कार्य लिखिए।।
Answer:

• Permission
• Possibility
• Probability
• Wish
• Asking permission.

F. Write the functions of these modals in the given brackets.
दिये गये कोष्ठकों में modals का कार्य लिखिए।
Answer:

• Possibility
• Possibility
• Remote possibility
• Possibility
• Possibility and certainty.

 Gifts of Love Summary in Hindi 

एक डॉलर और सत्तासी सेन्ट, इतना ही था उसके पास। इसमें से भी साठ सेन्ट पेनी के सिक्कों में थे जो उसने पंसारी और सब्जी वाले से मोल भाव कर-करके बचाए थे। डेला ने तीन बार उन्हें गिना। एक डॉलर और सत्तासी सेन्ट और अगले दिन क्रिसमस था। महीनों से डेला पेनी-पेनी कर पैसे बचा रही थी। वह अपने पति, अपने जिम के लिए क्रिसमस का तोहफा खरीदना चाहती थी। वह जिम से अपने जीवन से भी ज्यादा प्यार करती थी।

जिम मात्र बीस डॉलर हफ्ता कमाता था। उसमें से आठ डॉलर उनके फ्लैट के किराये में चले जाते थे। बाकी बचे बारह डॉलर में वे मुश्किल से अपना खर्च चला पाते थे और अपनी सारी मितव्ययता के बाद डेला मात्र एक डॉलर और सत्तासी सेन्ट ही बचा पाई थी। क्रिसमस आ गया था और डेला को समझ नहीं आ रहा था कि वह क्या करे। वह धप्प से सोफे पर गिरी और रोने लगी। फिर एकाएक उठी और शीशे से सामने जा खड़ी हुई। उसकी आँखें चमक उठी। उसने झट से अपने बालों को खोला–वे नीचे तक लटक गये।

जिम और डेला के पास दो ऐसी सम्पत्तियाँ थीं जिन पर उन्हें गर्व था। एक जिम की सोने की घड़ी जो उसके पिता और उसके दादा के पास रह चुकी थी। दूसरी डेला के बाल जो उसके घुटनों से भी नीच तक जाते थे जब वह उन्हें खोलती तो वे बादामी पानी के झरने के समान प्रतीत होते थे। शीघ्रता से डेला ने अपने बाल बाँधे। वह एक मिनट को झिझकी, उसकी आँखों से एक दो आँसू टपके पर तुरन्त उसने अपना बादामी रंग का कोट पहना और उसी रंग का हैट लगाया।

वह झटपट सीढ़ियों से उतरी और बाजार की ओर चल दी। वहाँ पहुँचकर वह एक ऐसी दुकान के सामने रुकी जिस पर बोर्ड लगा थाः “हम बालों से बनी सभी चीज बेचते व खरीदते हैं।” अन्दर पहुँचकर डेला ने पूछा, “मेरे बाल खरीदोगी।” “हाँ, यही काम तो हम करते हैं,” काउण्टर पर बैठी महिला ने कहा, “अपना हैट उतारो और मुझे देखने दो।”

बादामी रंग का एक झरना लहरा उठा। “बीस डॉलर”, बालों को हाथ में लेते हुए महिला ने कहा। “जल्दी मुझे दो।” डेला बोली। दो घण्टे की कड़ी मशक्कत के बाद उसे जिम की जेब घड़ी के लिए उपयुक्त एक प्लेटिनम की चेन मिल ही गई। उसके लिए डेला को इक्कीस डॉलर देने पड़े। अब उसके पास बचे सत्तासी सेन्ट । घर पहुँचकर उसने अपने बालों को धुंघराले बनाया और फिर शीशे के सामने खड़े होकर उन्हें देखती रही। वह मन ही मन सोचती रही कि कहीं जिम मुझसे बहुत ज्यादा नाराज तो नहीं हो जाएगा पर उसके पास चारा ही क्या था—एक डॉलर सत्तासी सेन्ट में वह क्या खरीद सकती थी।

सात बजे कॉफी बन चुकी थी, चॉप्स तलने के लिए फ्राइंग पैन तैयार था। जिम कभी देर से नहीं आता था। डेला चेन हाथ में लेकर टेबिल के किनारे दरवाजे के पास बैठ गई। उसे सीढ़ियों पर पैरों की आवाज सुनाई दी। एक क्षण के लिए उसके चेहरे का रंग उड़ गया। उसने मन ही मन प्रार्थना की कि “हे ईश्वर ! उसमें यह सोच पैदा करो कि मैं अभी भी सुन्दर हूँ।”

दरवाजा खुला और जिम अन्दर आया। वह पतला और गम्भीर दिख रहा था। बेचारा अभी बाईस वर्ष का ही था पर परिवार के बोझ से दबा हुआ था। उसे नये ओवर कोट की जरूरत थी और उसके पास ग्लव्ज़ भी नहीं थे। वह कमरे के अन्दर आया और एकटक डेला को देखता रह गया। उसकी आँखों में एक अजीब-सा भाव था। वह न तो गुस्सा था न आश्चर्यचकित। वह केवल एकटक डेला को देख रहा था। डेला डर गई। वह खिसककर उसके पास आई। “जिम, मेरे बाल तो बहुत जल्दी बढ़ते हैं।” वह बोली।

जिम ने अभी तक उसके लिए लाया गया सुन्दर तोहफा नहीं देखा था। डेला ने बहुत उत्सुकता से उसे अपनी हथेली पर रखकर उसकी ओर बढ़ाया। “प्यारे जिम, मेरी ओर इस तरह मत देखों”, मैंने अपने बाल कटवाकर बेच दिये हैं। मैं तुम्हारे लिए क्रिसमस का तोहफा जो लाना चाहती थी इसलिए मुझे यह मजबूरी में करना.. पड़ा। तुम जानते हो कि मेरे बाल कितनी जल्दी बढ़ते हैं। मेरी क्रिसमस, जिम ! चलो, अब हमें खुशियाँ मनाने दो।” “तुमने अपने बाल कटवा दिये हैं ?” जिम ने पूछा, मानो उसे अभी तक इस पर भरोसा ही नहीं हो रहा था।

“कटवा कर बेच दिये”, डेला बोली, “क्या मैं तुम्हें इस तरह भी अच्छी नहीं लगती ?” जिम ने उत्सुकता से कमरे में चारों तरफ देखा। “तुम उन्हें ढूँढ़ने की कोशिश मत करो।” डेला बोली, “वे बेच दिये गये हैं-जा चुके हैं। देखो, क्रिसमस की शाम है। मुझे प्यार करो ना। वे तो तुम्हारे लिए ही बेचे गये हैं। कोई भी तुम्हारे प्रति मेरे प्यार का अनुमान नहीं लगा सकता। क्या मैं चॉप्स बनाऊँ ?” जिम जैसे सोते से जागा हो। उसने अपने ओवरकोट की जब से एक पैकिट निकाला और टेबिल पर फेंक दिया।

“मेरे प्रति गलतफहमी मत पालो, डेल।” वह बोला, बाल कट जाने से तुम्हारे प्रति मेरे प्यार में रत्ती मात्र की कमी नहीं आ सकती। तुम उस पैकिट को खोलोगी तो समझोगी कि मैं खोया-खोया सा क्यों हो गया था। डेला ने झटपट उसे खोला और देखते ही उसके मुंह से चीख निकल गई और फिर नारी सुलभ आँसू। वह सुबक-सुबककर रो पड़ी। वे कंधियाँ थीं-कछुए के बाह्य कठोर आवरण से बनी। उनका रंग ठीक डेला के बादामी बालों से मेल खाता था। डेला जान गई कि वे बहुत महँगी थीं। वह उन्हें दुकानों में देख चुकी थी और उनके लिए लालायित थी। पर अब जब वे उसके पास थी तो वे बाल जा चुके थे जिनमें वह उनको लगाना चाहती थी।

डेला ने उन्हें अपनी छाती से लगा लिया उन्हें चूमा और फिर जिम की ओर आँसू भरी आँखों से मुस्कराते हुए देखा। उसके बाद डेला ने जिम के लिए लाए गए तोहफे को खोला और जिम को दिखाते हुए कहा, “आकर्षक है ना जिम ? पूरा नगर खोजने के बाद यह मुझे मिली है। अब तुम्हें दिन में सौ बार अपनी घड़ी को देखना पड़ेगा। अपनी घड़ी दिखाओ, मैं देखना चाहती हूँ कि यह उस पर कैसी लगती है।” “डेल,” जिम ने कहा, “फिलहाल हमें अपने क्रिसमस के तोहफे रख देने दो। मैंने इन कंधियों को खरीदने के लिए अपनी घड़ी बेच दी है। अब क्या तुम चॉप्स बनाना शुरू करोगी ?” -ओ. हेनरी

 Gifts of Love Word Meanings of Difficult Words

MP Board Class 11th English Solutions

The Spectrum Textbook General English Class 11th Solutions

• True Worship Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Limits of Knowledge Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Dear Teacher Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Shepherd Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Selfish Giant Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Laxmi and the Doll Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Road Not Taken Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Idgah Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Can We Stop The Earthquakes? Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Waves on the Sleepless Sea Class 11 Questions And Answers
• A Letter to God Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Wise Judge Class 11 Questions And Answers
• O Captain! My Captain! Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Gifts of Love Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Uncle Podger Hangs a Picture Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Broken Wing Class 11 Questions And Answers
• A Grain as Big as a Hen’s Egg Class 11 Questions And Answers
• India’s Gift to the World Class 11 Questions And Answers

Class 11 English A Voyage Chapter 14 One Thousand Dollars Questions and Answers

One Thousand Dollars Class 11th Question Answer

Word Power

(A) Fill in the blanks with the words given below:
(Memorandum, accrue, render, bequest, impertinent, wagging, entail)

1. Here is the money. You can spend it as you like. You have to …………. an account of the expenditure within a week.
2. Keep your money in a bank. It will ………….. interest.
3. This job will ………….. a lot of hard work. You must think twice before you accept it.
4. The dog is ………….. its tail. Does it want something?
5. I have only asked your name, Is it …………. ?
6. Before dying, the old man left a to each of his two sons.
7. He sent a detailed ………. to his boss about the incident.
Answer:

1. render
2. accrue
3. entail
4. wagging
5. impertinent
6. bequest
7. memorandum.

(B) Find words from the text for following expressions.

1. afternoon performance of a show;
2. produce books, newspapers etc. printing;
3. a building in which horses are kept;
4. cheerfully;
5. that is suggested indirectly or understood;
6. make an attempt;
7. boredom;
8. take somebody somewhere in a car, taxi etc;
9. showing care for future;
10. write or say something formally in careful and clear way;
11. become liquid as a result of heating;
12. care and treatment of hands and hails;
13. beg or implore;
14. a piece of fabric or paper used to for cleaning lips and fingers;
15. rest yourself in a chair;
16. a large and dark cave;
17. a collection of valuable things such as gold, silver etc;
18. try very hard to achieve something;
19. a type of material that is made of string, thread or wire woven together;
20. danger
Answer:

1. Matinee
2. publish
3. Ranch
4. Gaily
5. Intended
6. Move
7. Offensive
8. Drive
9. Prudent
10. Declare
11. Melt
12. Manicure
13. Request
14. Linen
15. Drifted in
16. Cavern
17. Poolroom
18. Disposal
19. Strip
20. Precariousness

(C) Use the following in sentences of your own:

1. pen name
2. awkward amount
3. disposed of
4. laid down
5. took off
6. hunted out
7. frowned at
8. art gallery
9. rabbit-foot
10. loosen up
11. black sheep
12. modus operandi
13. to wag (something)
14. to be prudent
15. to repose confidence in
Answer:

1. Pen name: O Henry is the pen name of William Sydney Porter.
2. Awkward amount: Gillian’s uncle had left an awkward amount to him.
3. Disposed of: The case was disposed of very quickly.
4. Laid down: There was a condition laid down by the uncle.
5. Took off: The plane took off the right time.
6. Hunted out: The criminal was hunted out by special task force.
7. Frownedal: Gillian frowned at Bryson.
8. Art gallery: There was antique collection in the art gallery
9. Rabbit-foot: He couldn’t identify the rabbit-foot of his enemy.
10. Loosen up: Gillian wanted to loosen up his burden
11. Black sheep: His uncle was a black sheep.
12. Modus operandi: Gandhi was, very practical in his modus operand
13. To wag (something): When the dog saw its owner it began to wag its tail.
14. To be prudent: Gillian was not at all prudent
15. To repose confidence in: Tolman asked Gillian Lo repose his confidence in them

Comprehension

I. Choose the correct alternatives and complete the sentences

Question 1.
One thousand dollars were given to Gillian on the condition that
(a) he will spend it in a week
(b) he will render an account of expenditure
(c) he will spend it in one lot
(d) he will not spend it in gambling
Answer:
(b) he will render an account of expenditure

Question 2.
Gillian said he would have to engage’ secretary because
(a) he had a lot of work to do
(b) he got one thousand dollars
(c) he wanted to spend the money
(d) he had to render an account and he was not good at it
Answer:
(d) he had to render an account and he was not good at it

Question 3.
(IL-knry has compared Brvson’s interest in Gillian’s story with
(a) old Gillian’s grand-daughter
(b) old Gillian’s ward
(c) old Gillian’s niece
(d) old Gillian’s sister
Answer:
(a) old Gillian’s grand-daughter

II. Answer the following questions in one sentence each:

Question I.
Why did the lawyer give Gillian the money?
Answer:
The lawyer gave the money to Gillian because it was the share of the will of his uncle who died.

Question 2.
Why did Gillian call the amount of one thousand dollars a confoundedly awkward amount?
Answer:
Gillian called it so because he thought it to be a sary little to spend. Moreover, he had to submit an account for it.

Question 3.
Who bestowed the amount upon Gillian?
Answer:
Gillian’s uncle had bestowed the amount upon him.

Question 4.
Why did Gillian go to the club?
Answer:
Gillian went to the club to hunt for Old Bryson.

Question 5.
“Bryson was sequestered”, which sentence in the story shows this quality of Bryson?
Answer:
The-“When he saw Gillian approaching he sighed” shows this quality of Bryson.

Question 6.
What did Gillian consider as a joke in his uncle’s will?
Answer:
Gillian considered the fact to be a joke in uncle’s will. It was that his under was worth half a million dollars but he had left only a thousand dollars for Gillian.

Question 7.
What did Old Gillian bestow upon Miss Hayden?
Answer:
Gillian bestowed upon Miss Hayden his share of amount.

Question 8.
What would Gillian have done if his uncle had bestowed upon him a seal ring and ten dollars?
Answer:
Had his uncle bestowed upon Gillian a seal ring and ten dollars he would have enjoyed life never better than now with two bottles of brute and tripped the water with the ring. He would have kept all his business off.

Question 9.
What did Gillian want to spend the money at one go?
Answer:
Gillian wanted to spend the money at one go because he had to maintain an account and he hated itemizing.

Question 10.
What did the lawyer tell Gillian when he submitted his account?
Answer:
The lawyer told that his account would be examined as per the will of Old Gillian and if found to be prudent, wise or unselfish they would give him $ 50000 additional amount.

III. Answer the following questions in three or four sentences each.

Question 1.
Was Gillian satisfied with the amount his uncle bestowed upon him? Justify your answer by quoting the sentences from the text.
Answer:
As per lawyer Tolman Gillian’s uncle had bestowed to him $ 10,000 dollars in his will. Gillian was not at all satisfied with the amount. The following incidences justify this:

• It is such a confoundedly awkward amount he explained generally.
• What can a man possibly do with a thousand dollars

Question 2.
How did the author describe Bryson’s reaction when Gillian told him about one thousand dollars?
Answer:
When Gillian told Bryson about the one thousand dollars he showed as much interest as a bee show’s in a vinegar cruet. The author is very witty and ridiculous in his assessment of Bryson.

Question 3.
Why did Gillian call his uncle ‘the fairy godmother’?
Answer:
Gillian called his uncle ‘the fairy godmother’. As he thinks his uncle had a lot nearly half a million dollars. But he gave only a thousand of ‘ it to Gillian without assessing his status and need. He was not realise in his approach.

Question 4.
How did Gillian react to Bryson’s suggestions for spending the money?
Answer:
Gillian didn’t like the idea of Bryson about spending the amount left by his uncle. He told Bryson that he would be liked by people if he wouldn’t moralize. He also reacted that Bryson had suppressed him.

Question 5.
Why did Gillian go to Columbine Theatre? Why was he disappointed there?
Answer:
Gillian went to Columbine Club to meet Lotta Lauriene who dealt I in diamond pendant. He went there to see whether he could find any suitable s- prospect to spend the amount in one lump. He wasdisappointed for these was no such scope.

Question 6.
What did Gillian tell Miss Hayden before giving her one thousand dollars?
Answer:
Before giving one thousand dollars to Hayden Gillian told her that Tolman had found an amendment or a postscript to the will of the Old Gillian in which he had willed one thousand dollars to her. Tolman had sent him to hand it over to him.

Question 7.
Why did Gillian take back the envelope containing the account from the lawyer and tear it?
Answer:
When Gillian submitted his account of expenditure Tolman said to him that as per the will of the Old Gillian, the account was to be examined. If it was found justified and unselfish he would get another $ 50,000 dollars.; Gillian was aware that his account was not justified in that sense. So he took the account and tore it. Moreover, he wanted to get rid of getting any amount which required itemized account of expenditure.

IV. Answer the following questions in about 150 words each:

Question 1.
What did Bryson suggest Gillian to spend one thousand dollars?
Answer:
In this story Gillian gets one thousand dollars from his uncle who had died. But uncle had put a condition that Gillian had to submit a detailed account of the expenditure of the amount. As Gillian was poor in account he thought to consult Old Bryson. Bryson was a peculiar man. He suggested many ways to spend this amount. He told that with one thousand dollars one can buy a happy home, send one’s wife to south, one can buy pure milk for a hundred babies. One thousand dollars can also serve the purpose of educating an ambitious boy. One can move to New Hampshire and live respectfully for two years, and lecture one’s audience. He also suggested him to go to Miss Lotta Lauriene who was a diamond pendant dealer He asked him to buy some pendant. He suggested him to go to the ranches specially the sheep ranches. His ideas were ridiculous Hence, Gillian did not like it.

Question 2.
What type of man was young Gillian?
Answer:
Young Gillian was a unique character. He is a man of free will and careless life. He does not care for money. His uncle’s one thousand dollars has no much importance for him. He does not like keeping account of his expenses. He had been careless about his expenses. So his uncle had willed to give him the amount only if he submitted the detailed account of expenditure. He consults Bryson for his suggestions on his expenses. He suggests a number of options. Gillian does not like them as they involve itemizing when he hates. He wanted to spend it in one tump. Finally he gives the entire amount to Miss Hayden, a ward of his uncle Old Gillian.

He is full of emotion. He feels compassion for Hayden. In spite of Hayden’s dislike for himself he again and again expresses his love for her. Finally he submits his account to Tolman where he finds another trap for him. His account is to be examined. He takes his account back and tears it into bits to save him from the money. After all he is good man with qualities of a man of free will.

Question 3.
What do you mean by codicil? What was the codicil? What was the codicil to old Gillian’s will? Why did he make this arrangement?
Answer:
Codicil is the term which is used for a new but later addition in one’s will. In this story Old Gillian has left a will in which he Has expressed his desire for the distribution of his belongings after his life. He has given the part of his property to his dependents and other relatives. Gillian, his nephew, is one of them whom the old Gillian has given one thousand dollars. But he has put a condition, which dictates that Gillian has to submit a detailed account of his expenditure item-wise which Gillian does not like. However, he submits the account to get rid of it.

Then lawyer Tolman informs him about the codicil. As per this codicil his account was to be examined by Tolman and his partner sharp. If it was found to be justified, unselfish and wise, he would be rewarded with bonds of 50,000 dollars. If the amount was found to have been spent in the manner as had done in part the new reward would be given to Miss Hayden. Old Gillian might have made this codicil in order to put his nephew on proper track of life.

Question 4.
How did young Gillian feel about Miss Hayden? What acts of his suggest what he felt for her?
Answer:
Gillian is a man of full of love and compassion for others. He leads a carefree life. He doesn’t care for money. When he comes to know from Tolman that Hayden has got the ring and the $ 10,’ he feels sympathy for her. Actually he has soft comer for her in his heart. He goes to her straight way, gives the entire amount of one thousand dollars to her.

He does not tell her that it is his share that he is giving to her. He doesn’t want to let her know for this charity. Later he expresses his love for her. Though Miss Hayden doesn’t approve to it. She flatly rejects it in a sharp tone. Still Gillian is not annoyed. He writes a note that he is giving the amount of one thousand dollars to the best and dearest woman on earth. All his action shows how much he loves her.

Question 5.
What are the various alternatives that Gillian told Old Bryson for spending One thousand Dollars?
Answer:
Gillian, the central character of the story, is a man of free will. He does not care for what the others say for him. He is an extravagant. He lives life leisurely. When he gets one thousand dollars from his uncle, he feels awkward. It is only because he had to submit a detailed account of his expenditure. He doesn’t like itemizing.

He wants to find a way how he could spend the whole amount in one lump. Still he consults Old Bryson who could tell him some ways. He first tells him his own alternates about spending the amount. He wants to have two bottles of but, tripped the water with the ring and the whole business off his hands. For him one thousand dollars is only a little for anyone to spend.

Grammar

Look at the following sentences:

• A part of it goes to the man who invents a new bacillus.
• She is a ward of my uncle who lived in his house.
• There he hunted out one whom he called old Bryson.

All these sentences have two clauses. The highlighted clause one called relative clauses. They are also called Adjective clauses because they perform the function of adjective i. e.. describing a noun or a pronoun in the principal clause. Can you identify the nouns/pronouns that the underlines clauses describe?

These clauses may occur with or without relative pronouns. These relative pronouns vary slight according to whether they refer to persons or things, and according to whether they are subjects or objects of a verb or in the possessive case. They do not van for singular or plural or masculine or feminine.

Look how relative pronouns are used in the following sentences.

• The man who stole your watch has been arrested.
• The girl who you were talking to a little while ago is my sister.
• The boy whose book you are reading is a friend of mine.
• The girl you are playing with is in class XII,
• The book (that) you are reading is written by my father.

In sentence 2 ‘who’ has been used in place of ‘whom’ In modem English ‘whom’ is very’ rarely used.
In sentence 4 no relative pronoun has been used In sentence 5 ‘that’ can be deleted. Join the following pairs of sentences using one of them as a relative clause.

1. The girls serve in the shop
The girls are the owner’s daughter.

2. People are trapped in a lift
The film is about these people.

3. The girls arc always complaining about their long hours
He employs the girls

4 We saw it.
It astonished us,

5. The ladder began to slip.
I was standing on the ladder

6, The car broke down after two kilometres.
I hired the car.

7 This is the picture.
The picture caused a lot of controversy.

8.The film is about a spy.
The spy’s wife betrayed him

9. You need information.
This book will give you the information.

10 She gave me a sweater.
She knitted it herself
Answer:

1. The girl who senes in the shop is the owner’s daughter.
2. The film is about the people w ho are trapped in a lift.
3. The girls whom he employs arc always complaining about their long hours
4.  What I saw astonished us.
5. The ladder on which I was standing began to slip.
6. The car which 1 hired broke down after two kilometers.
7. This is the picture which caused a lot of controversy
8. The film is about a spy whose wife betrayed him
9. This book will give you the information which you need.
10. She gave me a sweater which she knitted herself.

Speaking Activity

(See Text book page 114)
Find examples of both the types of ironies in the story and discuss them in groups Each group then presents what conclusions they have come to about
1. How it is verbal irony. Give examples.
2. Which is the irony of situations in the story. Give examples
Answer:
1 Example of verbal irony

• It’s such a confoundedly awkward amount,
• Uncle was a fairy godmother as far as an allowance is concerned

2. Example of situational irony

• Paid by a black sheep. Robert Gillian. $ 1000 on account of the internal happiness owed by Heaven to the best and dearest woman on earth.
• ‘It’s all right he said, “there is not a bit of need to bother you with this. I don’t suppose you’d understand these itemized bets, anyway I lost a thousand dollars on the races Good-bye to you gentleman.

Writing Activity

1. Suppose you have been given rupees one crore and asked to spend it in one month. The condition is that you will not spend it in reprehensible dissipation, how will you spend it?
2. Taking the cue form the story write the story in the form of dialogues. All characters speak for themselves.
Answer:
1. Do yourself.
2. Do yourself.

3. If you were Gihian uncle how would you distribute your money in your relatives and your employees. You have two sons and one daughter and four employees One manager. One accountant, two house keepers and you have the following assets. One home with furnishings, one factory (sick), a car and a farm house, cash in fixed deposits about 20,00,000 and gold ornaments worth 10,00,000. Use the legal terms from the text to complete your document.
Consider the following before writing your will:

• Close relatives
• Needy relatives
• Deserving on the basis of merit.
• Devotion of your employee
• Your feeling towards them
• Ability.

Now bequeth your property and wealth and other assets to the following in proper proportions.
Answer:
Do yourself

Think It Over

What will happen to people’s property if there was no legal procedures for inheritance?
Answer:
Do yourself

Things To do

Enact the play you have written the dialogues for your class or school.
Answer:
Do yourself.

One Thousand Dollars Summary in English

‘One thousand Dollar’ is one of the most popular stories of 0. Henry It is an interesting story told in a humorous way. The story begins with Lawyer Tolman’s revealation to young Gillian about the will of his uncle Gillian’s uncle has left one thousand dollars for him. The uncle is-no more. For Gillian it is an awkward amount and he feels it troublesome to spend it: Tolman also tells him that the amount be given to him only after he submits an account of the manner of expenditure of this entire amount of one thousand dollars. As soon as he does it. he would receive the amount from the lawyer.

As Gillian is not very perfect in accounts, he decides to consult a secretary. He goes to old Bryson who is calm at forty and likes to remain apart from others. When Gillian comes Bryson is reading a book in a comer. Gillian’s presence makes him annoyed. However, Gillian seeks his permission to tell him a story assuring him that it is a funny story unlike the others. He begins that his uncle has a legal pirate. He had left one thousand dollars for Gillian. He had left his whole cargo of doubloons to a microbe A part of it goes to the man who invests a new bacillus and the rest to establish a hospital. The butter and the house-keeper get a seal-ring and ten dollars each.

Gillian is confused about how to spend such a little amount. Old Bryson tells him that one can speed it in many ways. One can buy a happy home: send his wife south saving her life. One can buy pure milk for one hundred babies during June, July, and August and save fifty of their life. One can move to a new Hampshire town and can live there for two years. One can rent Madison Square Garden for one evening with this amount and lecture the audience. Gillian says old Bryson that he would be a lovely figure if he would not moralize. He had asked Bryson about how he could spend the amount.

But Bryson had distorted it. Later Bryson says to Gillian that he could buy a diamond pendant from Miss Lotta Lauriene. Thanking Mr. Bryson Gillian goes his own way. He comes to Miss Lotta Lauriene who deals in cosmetics. There he enquires about the price for different items but doesn’t feel it a suitable place to spend. He leaves the place. He asks the cab-driver what he would do if he gets thousand dollars. He instantly replies that he would open a saloon. He also suggests a four-storeyed-complex where he could go with his amount. Gillian is confused. He meets a blind man and asks him the same question.

Later the blind pencil dealer offered Gillian a book. It was a bank deposit book of the blind man with a balance of $ 1.785 to his credit Gillian saw it and then rushed to the office of the Tolman & Sharp, at Broadway. He asks lawyer Tolman whether Miss Hayden left am thing by his uncle’s will besides the ring and the $10 Tolman says Nothings Thanking him Gillian goes to Miss Hayden in the library. She is small and slender clothed in black.

Gillian tells him that he was there directly from Mr. Tolman. He has come there to inform her all about the w ill of his uncle. He informed her that there was new amendment found in it and she has got one thousand dollars. He offers this amount to her and asks her to count it. Miss Hayden turns while. Gillian then expresses his love for her to which Miss Hayden says sorry, Gillian then writes a note that he had willingly given the one thousand dollar amount to the lady to whom he thought to be the best and dearest one on the earth.

Then Gillian comes to lawyer Tolman and says that he has spent the entire amount and submits the account of detail Tolman calls his partner Sharp. They drag an envelope from their safe T hen Tolman informs Gillian that there was something extra in his uncle’s will which was not told him earlier. It was to be revealed to him only after he submitted, the account of the first term. As per this new information Gillian’s account would be examined by Tolman and Sharp If the expenses would be found prudent, wise or unselfish Gillian would be given $50,000 additional amount which was reversed for that purpose. Otherwise it would be given to Miriam Hayden. Now assuring for justice Tolman wishes to open the envelop submitted by Gillian.

It irritates Gillian. He takes up the envelop before Tolman could take it and tears it in bits. He tells Tolman and Sharp that they won’t understand the itemized bets of expenditure. He simply says that he has lost the amount in races. Then he leaves the place gaily. He was very happy.

One Thousand Dollars Summary in Hindi

One Thousand Dollar O. Henry के सर्वाधिक लोकप्रिय कहानियों में एक है। यह एक मजेदार कहानी है जिसे मनोरंजक ढंग से प्रस्तुत किया गया है। कहानी की शुरुआत वकील Tolman के एक युवा Gillian से उसके चाचा के वसीयत के खुलासे के साथ होती है। Gillian के चाचा ने उसके लिए एक हजार डॉलर छोड़ दिये है। चाचा की मृत्यु हो चुकी है। Gillian के लिए चाचा द्वारा छोड़ा हुआ वसीयत एक बकवास है और उसे खर्च करने में परेशानी महसूस करता है। Tolman उसे यह भी बताता है कि यह रकम उसे तथा दी जाएगी जब वह इस पूरे एक हजार, डॉलर के खर्च करने के तरीके का पूरा ब्यौरा देगा। जैसे ही वह इस काम को करता है उसे वकील से यह रकम प्राप्त हो जाएगी।

चूंकि Gillian हिसाब में अधिक परिपक्व नहीं है इसलिए वह एक सेक्रेटरी से मशविरा करने का निश्चय करता है। वह Bryson के पास जाता है जो चालीस साल का शांत चित्त व्यक्ति है और सभी लोगों से दूर रहना चाहता है। जब Gillian आता है तो Bryson एक कोने में एक किताब पढ़ रहा होता है। Gillian का आना उसे अच्छा नहीं लगता है। फिर Gillian उससे एक कहानी सुनाने की अनुमति प्राप्त कर लेता है यह भरोमा दिलाते हुए कि यह अन्य कहानियों से बिल्कुल अलग एक मजेदार कहानी है। वह शुरु करता है कि उसके चाचा के पास एक कानूनी दस्युपोत था। उन्होंने Gillian के लिए एक हजार डॉलर छोड़ा था। उन्होंने अपना सम्पूर्ण जहाजी बेड़ा कीड़ों के लिए छोड़ दिया। इसका कुछ अंश एक वैसे आदमी को जाता है जो नए जीवाणओं की खोज में लगा हुआ है और शेष एक अस्पताल की स्थापना के लिए। प्रहरी और घर की देखभाल करने वाले को एक-एक पहचान मुद्रा (अंगूठी) और दस डॉलर दिए गए।

Gillian उलझन में है कि कैसे इतनी छोटी रकम खर्च करें। Bryson उससे कहता है कि वह इसे कई तरह से खर्च कर सकता है। कोई एक अच्छा-सा घर खरीद सकता है, अपनी पत्नी को बचाने के लिए दक्षिण की सैर करा सकता है, कोई शुद्ध दूध एक हजार बच्चों के पोषण के लिए जून-जुलाई-अगस्त के महीने में खरीद सकता है और उससे प्यासों की जान बचा सकता है। कोई शहर में जा सकता है और वहां दो साल तक रह सकता है। काई Madison Square Garden को एक शाम के लिए किराए पर ले सकता है और एक बड़ी भीड को संबोधित कर सकता है। Gillian Bryson से कहता है कि यदि वह इस तरह नैतिक पाठ न पढ़ाए तो लोग अवश्य उसे पसंद करेंगे। लेकिन Bryson इसे मोड़-तोड़कर पेश करता है। बाद Bryson Gillian से कहता है कि वह Lotta Laurine से हीरों के हार खरीद सकता है।

Mr. Bryson को धन्यवाद देते हुए Gillian अपनी राह चला जाता है। वह Miss Lotta Lauriene के पास जाता है जो शृंगार प्रसाधनों का व्यापार करती है। वहां वह विभिन्न सामानों के दाम पूछता है। लेकिन खर्च करने के लिए यह उसे उचित जगह नहीं लगती। वह वहां से चला जाता है। वह गाड़ीवान से पूछता है कि यदि उसे एक हजार डॉलर मिले तो वह क्या करेगा। वह तपाक से जवाब देता है कि वह एक सैलून खोलेगा। वह उसे एक मंजिली इमारत के बारे में बताता है, जहां वह अपनी रकम लेकर जा सकता है। Gillian परेशान है वह एक अंधे आदमी से मिलता है और उससे भी यही सवाल करता
बाद में अंधे पेंसिल बेचने वाले ने Gillian को एक किताब दिखाई। यह उस अंधे आदमी का बैंक का पास बुक था जिसमें एक हजार सात सौ पचासी डॉलर शेष था।

Gillian ने इसे देखा और फिर तेजी से Broadway पर स्थित Tolman और Sharp के कार्यालय की ओर चल पड़ा। उसने वकील Tolman से पूछा कि क्या उसके चाचा ने Miss Hayden के लिए अंगूठी और दस डॉलर के सिवा और भी कुछ छोड़ा है। Tolman ने कहा, कुछ नहीं। Gillian उसे धन्यवाद देते हुए Miss Hayden के लाइब्रेरी में जाता है। वह एक छोटी झुकी काले कपड़े पहने है। Gillian उससे कहता है कि वह सीधे Mr. Tolman के कार्यालय से आ रहा है। वह वहां अपने चाचा के वसीयत के बारे में सबकुछ बताने आया है। उसने उसे बताया कि इसमें कुछ नए सुधार का पता चला है और उसे एक हजार डॉलर दिया गया है। वह उसे रकम देता है और उससे गिनने के लिए कहता है।

One Thousand Dollars Word Meaning

One Thousand Dollars Comprehension

Read the following passages carefully and answer the questions that follow:

1. “You heard the reading of your uncle’s will”, continued Lawyer Tolman, professionally dry in his tones. “I do not know if you paid much attention to its details. I must remind you of one. You are required to tender to us an account of the manner of expenditure of this $ 1,000 as soon as you have disposed of it. The will stipulates that. I trust that you will so far comply with the late Mr.Gillian’s wishes.”

Questions:
(i) Who is ‘you’ in these lines?
(ii) What does lawyer Tolman declare?
(iii) What is written in the uncle’s will?
(iv) What is the condition in the will?
(v) Find a word in the passage which is similar in meaning to ‘submit’?
Answers:
(i) ‘You’ is Mr. Gillian.
(ii) Lawyer Tolman declares the will of Gillian’s uncle.
(iii) In the uncle’s will it is written that Gillian would get one thousand dollars from the uncle’s belongings.
(iv) The condition in the will is that Gillian is required to tender an account of the manner of expenditure of the entire amount.
(v) ‘tender’.

2. “None”, Gillian frowned at his cigarette and kicked the upholdstered leather of a divan uneasily. “There is a miss Hayden, a ward of my uncle who lived in his house. She’s a quite thing-musical-the daughter of somebody who was unlucky enough to be his friend. I forgot to say that she was in on the seal ring and $ 10 joke, too. I wish I had been. Then I could have had two bottles of Brut, tripped the waiter with the ring, and had the whole business off my hands. Don’t be superior and insulting. Old Bryson-tell me what .a fellow can do with a thousand dollars,”

Questions:
(i) Who is Miss Hayden?
(ii) What is her nature?
(iii) What does she get from uncle’s property?
(iv) Had Gillian got the same thing, what would have he done with it?
(v) Give a word from the passage opposite in meaning to ‘inferior’.
Answers:
(i) Miss Hayden is a ward of Gillian’s uncle.
(ii) She is quite and musical.
(‘iii) She gets the seal ring and ten dollars.
(iv) Gillian would have spent it for two bottles of brut and tipped the waiter with a ring.
(v) ‘superior’.

3. “I’ve just come from old Tolman’s,” he explained. “They’ve been going over the papers down there. They found a-Gillian searched his memory for a legal term-“they found an amendment or a postscript or something to the Will. It seemed that the old boy loosened up a little on second thought and willed you a thousand dollars. I was driving up this way and Tolman asked me to bring you the money. Here it is. You’d better count it to see if it’s right”, Gillian laid the money beside her hand on the desk.

Questions:
(i) Where has Gillian come?
(ii) What does he say to Miss Hayden?
(iii) What does he do?
(iv) What is the meaning of ‘amendment’?
Answers:
(i) Gillian has come to Miss Hayden’s house.
(ii) He says to her that he came there to inform her about some amendment or a postscript to the will of his uncle.
(iii) He hands over to her the entire amount of one thousand dollars.
(iv) ‘change’

4. “Mr. Gillian”’, he said, formally, ‘there was codicil to your uncle’s Will. It was intrusted to us privately, with instructions that it be not opened until you had furnished us with a full account of your handling of the $ 1000 bequest in the will. As you have fulfilled the conditions, my partner and I have read the codicil. I do not wish to encumber your understanding with y its legal phraseology, but I will acquaint you with the spirit of its contents.

Questions:
(i) What does Tolman say to Mr. Gillian?
(ii) What is the codicil’
(iii) What would happen with Gillian’s account?
(iv) What is the meaning of ‘encumber’?
Answers:
(i) Tolman says to Mr Gillian that there is a codicil to his uncle’s will.
(ii) The codicil is that it is to be announced to Gillian only after he submits the account.
(iii) Gillian’s account would be examined by Tolman and his partner.
(iv) ‘prevent something from moving’.

MP Board Class 11th English Solutions

MP Board Class 11th English A Voyage Textbook

• Patriotism Class 11 Questions And Answers
• What the Moon Saw Class 11 Questions And Answers
• My Mother Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Brook Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Dilemma of the Scientist Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Cherry Tree Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Mercy Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Of Studies Class 11 Questions And Answers
• To a Skylark Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Mahatma Gandhi Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Model Millionaire Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Frog and the Nightingale Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Peace Class 11 Questions And Answers
• One Thousand Dollars Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Sister Nivedita Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Captive Air of Chandipur Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Sir Roger at Home Class 11 Questions And Answers
• King Porus – A Legend of Old Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Mirabai Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Profit and Loss Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Dear Departed Class 11 Questions And Answers
• A Pair of Mustachios Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Bishop’s Candlesticks Class 11 Questions And Answers
• A Cup of Tea Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Gospel of Selfless Action Class 11 Questions And Answers

Class 11 English A Voyage Chapter 9 To a Skylark Questions and Answers

To a Skylark Class 11th Question Answer

Word Power

(A) The poem has many adjectives which are images in themselves.
Here are some of them. Explain the images they portray and pick more from the poem as man as you can.
Write more expressions of ‘our own. blithe spirit, sunken sun, unbodied joy, highly born maiden, love-laden soul, heavy-winged thieves, vernal showers, tinkling grass,empty vaunt
Answer:

• blithe spirit — carefree and light-hearted divine spirit.
• sunken sun — the setting sun.
• unbodied joy — joy that has no bodily existence
• Highly born maiden – the maiden having born in a high class of family (princess).
• Love-laden soul — soul which is full of love.
• Heavy winged thieves – one who steals powerful object.
• Vernal showers — showers which occur in the spring season
• Twinkling grass — enlightened grass
• Empty vaunt — boastful speech having no depth.

(B) Following words are used in different meanings in different contexts. See examples and use the given words in sentences of your own in as many contexts as possible.
1. hail — to greet
hail — hail storm
2. strain
3. sweet
4. pine
5. spirit
6. still
Answer:
1. Hail — to greet — She hailed me with a sweet voice.
Hail — hailstorm — We had to drive through hail and snow.

2. Strain — to make an effort to do something — I strained my neck to
take a glimpse of the actor.
Strain — worry anxient No-a-days I am facing great strain,

3. Sweet — tasting as if it contains a lot of sugar — This cup of tea is too seet for me.
Sweet — a small piece of sweet food — I always like to cat a sweetdish at the end of a meal.

4. Pine — a tall forest tree with leaves like needles — Pine crees are evergreen.
Pine — to become sad — I pined for weeks after may son had gone abroad.

5. Spirit — courage. determination or energy — The young boy showed a tremendous spirit.
Spirit — a strong alcoholic drink — I have never tasted any spirit

6. Still — continuing until a particular point in time and flot finishing – am still waiting for his arrival,
Still — calm and quiet — Children can not stay still.
Still — a photograph taken from a cinema film — That is a still from the latest movie

Comprehension

A. Write explanations of the following lines:

Question 1.
Pourest thy full heart
In profuse strains of unpremeditated art.
Answer:
The poet. in these lines, highlights the musical note of the skylark which it purs with its full heart, Its song is spontaneous overflow of its heart.

Question 2.
Singing hymns unbidden,
Till the world is wrought
To sympathy with hopes and fears it heeded not.
Answer:
In these lines Shelley compares the bird with a poet He says that it keeps on singing its prayer to God unbidden till the world in transformed to sympathy shedding all its hopes and fears, Here. the bird had been characterized as a high spirit.

Question 3.
Teach me half the gladness
That thy brain must know;
Such harmonious madness
From my lips would flow,
The world should listen then, as I am listening now.
Answer:
In these lines the poet asks the bird to teach him at least half of the gladness that its mind bears. The poet wishes to sing the harmonious madness of the bird from his own lips so that the whole of the world may listen and enjoy it as the poet is listening and enjoying now. The poet means to say that the world has no imaginative or poetic quality enough to understand has the birds sings so he wants to spread the bird’s joy in the world .

Question 4.
We look before and after,
And pine for what is not:
Our sincerest laughter With some pain is fraught;
Our sweetest songs are those that tell of saddest thought.

Read this Hindi verse:
वियोगी होगा पहला कवि, आह से उपजा होगा गान, आँख से निकल कविता बही होगी अनजान

Does this convey the same meaning as in the lines above? Find more examples of the same themes.
Answer:
The lines given above from the poem ‘To a Skylark’ and those from a Hindi poem convey the same meaning. Both of them reveal that pain in the source of real happiness because pain makes one feel the real meaning of life.
Note: Students should collect poems based on the same themes with the help of their teachers.

B. Answer the following questions briefly:

Question 1.
Why is Shelley not able to define the Skylark? How does the Skylark exceed the capacity of human language to describe its qualities or the qualities of its song?
Answer:
Shelley finds himself unable to define the skylark exactly. It is because the skylark is not seen. It is carefree and light-hearted bird without any physical frame. It has a tremendous and spontaneous overflow of its song which creates mysteries in the mind of the poet. Its song overpowers the whole universe. Unlike human being it is never sad. In this sense it surpasses us.

Question 2.
Why does the poet use the similes in place of direct definition? Do they adequately describe the skylark?
Answer:
In place of direct definition the poet uses the similes like ‘blithe spirit’, ‘unbodied joy’. These similes exactly suit the skylark. It is because it sings spontaneously. It is above all care and fear. It is hardly visible. Still is soothes the whole world.

Question 3.
What prevents the poet-from singing like the skylark? Why is the skylark’s song is better than even the best productions of human genius, language and emotion?
Answer:
The poet feels that he cannot sing like skylark because being a human, he is fill of vices like hate, pride and fear which prevent him to compete with skylark. It is human nature that we look back and forward and feel sad for what we have not. The bird is above all these feelings.

Question 4.
Why does the poet call the skylark’s song “unpremeditated art”?
Answer:
The poet calls the skylark’s song “unpremeditated art” because it flows spontaneously with varying mood. It has a tremendous kind of joy and freedom which is not possible with a pre-planned art.

Question 5.
Why does the poet compare the skylark’s flight to an unbodied joy?
Answer:
The Skylark’s melodious note resounds and echo in the whole earth and air. But the bird is not visible anywhere as it flies higher and higher. Still its presence is felt somewhere nearby. So the poet calls its flight as an ‘unbodied joy’.

Question 6.
Why does the poet compare the loud voice of the bird with rain? Why is the skylark’s song called “rain of melody”?
Answer:
As the musical notes of the bird seem to be falling direct from heaven spontaneously and soar in the whole atmosphere so the poet feels it is like rain. The melody of skylark pours joy and natural freedom. There is no shadow of sadness near it. So, the poet calls it ‘rain of melody’.

Question 7.
In lines 36 to 55 the poet compares the bird’s song with certain things. Name these things.
Answer:
From lines 36 to 55 the poet compares the skylark with the following

1. a poet hidden in the light of thought.
2. a high-born maiden.
3. A glow-worm golden in a dell of dew.
4. A rose embowerd in its own green leaves.

Question 8.
What does the poet ask the bird to teach him?
Answer:
The poet asks the bird to teach at least half of the gladness that the bird’s brain possesses. The poet has a wish to immortalize the bird’s song and make the world feel the joy that the bird pours as the poet imagines and enjoys.

Question 9.
What does the poet lament about the mortals?
Answer:
The poet in no way feels human beings to be near the greatness of the bird. It is because we have become a prey to vices like hate, pride and fear. We look forward and backward and feel sad for what we have not. The bird is free from all these vices and it is greater than us.

Question 10.
What does the poet wish for himself in the last stanza?
Answer:
In the last stanza of the poem the poet makes a request to the bird to teach even half of its gladness that its brain possesses. He wishes that the harmonious madness of the bird should ever flow from the poet’s lips so that the whole of the world would listen and enjoy it as the poet is listening and enjoying.

Speaking Activity

A. Read the following poem “To the Skylark” written by Wordsworth, and discuss the questions given after it. ( See Textbook pages 64 – 65)

Questions:
1. How does Shelley’s poem,differ from Wordsworth’s ‘To the Skylark”?
2. Shelley calls his bird “blithe spirit” whereas Wordsworth calls his bird “Ethereal minstrel.” Can you imagine why this difference is there
3. While Shelley’s skylark is the scomer of the ground, Wordsworth’s bird is “type of the wise who soar, but never roam.” Can you say why?
4. Discuss the central idea of both the poems.
5. Are there any similar expressions between the two poems? Point them out.

B. Wordsworth calls his poem on the Skylark an “ode” while Shelley’s is known to be a lyric. What is the difference between an ode and a lyric? Explain with reasons.
Answers:

1. Shelley’s poem differs from that of Wordsworth’s ‘To the
   Skylark’, in the sense that Shelley’s Skylark is an unbodied spirit whereas Wordsworth’s Skylark is an ethereal minstrel.
2. This difference is meant for showing two different ideas, one is heavenly and the other is earthly.
3. It is so because Shelley’s bird differs from human being. It has no vices of human nature. But Wordsworth’s bird is an earthly creature who goes to visit the sky in imagination.
4. The central idea of Shelley’s poem is to highlight the weaknesses of human being and the nature’s bliss. Wordsworth in his poem , highlights the high flight of the imagination of human beings. To some extent both the poems are similar.
5. The similar expressions between the two poems are that they express poets attitude towards human weakness and its solution.
6. Wordsworth’s poem is an ore while Shelly’s is a lyric. Ode is a poem that speaks to a person or thing or celebrates special events which while lyric is a poem which expression the poet’s personal feeling and thought.

Writing Activity

(A) Write out the most striking features of the poem ‘To a skylark’ by Shelly based on your discussions in the groups.
Answer:
“To a Skylark’ is one of the greatest poems of English literature. It is written by P.B.-Shellev. Welcoming the skylark the poet says that it is not simply a bird but a carefree light-hearted bird which has been never seen before. It pours its copious and plentiful natural spontaneous musical notes direct from heaven. It goes higher and higher springing from the earth like a cloud of fire. Its singing soars and soars all around as a wave. It is floating and running like an unbodied joy in the midst of golden lightening of the setting sun over which the clouds are brightening.

Everything pale or purple which signifies sadness melts around its flight. The skylark like the heaven star is invisible in day but still its joyful musical note is audible. It is keen like the arrows of the moon whose intense light comes closer in the while clear dawn. Though we see its hardly, we feel its presence somewhere around there. Its voice overpowers all over the earth and air in the lonely night from the lonely cloud. Its musical delight overflows.

The poet fails to define the bird in the actual sense. Never before such a bright drop has flown as its melody comes. The bird is like a poet hidden in the hilt of thought Ringing hymns unbidden until the whole world is wrought to sympathy wise hopes and fears. For the poet it appears to be a high-born maiden in the palace tower who soothes her love laden soul with her sweet music. Sometimes its looks like glow-worm which glitters among flowers and grass without being seen anywhere. It is like a rose surrounded by its green leaves. It gets deflowered by the warm winds spreading its fragrance overpowering its leaves which had stolen it from the sight. Its fresh music surpasses the spring sound which was till now joyous and clear.

The poet asks this spirit or bird whoever it is to teach him what sweet thoughts does it have. The poet has never heard of such a flood of rapture so divine. It is difficult to match it with any wedding chorus or triumphant song with its divine music. Still we feel there is a want hidden in its song.The poet fails to guess what does the bird pours through its musical strain.

There is a tremendous mystery behind it of love or ignorance of pain. No shadow of sadness does ever come near the joyance of its song for there is only love and love not its pangs. The bird’s song flows in such a crystal stream that it makes no difference whether it is walking or asleep. Even in this sense it surpasses human beings. It is the nature of human beings to look back and forward and be sad for what we have not.

Our sincerest laughter is mixed with pain. Our sweetest songs are those that tell of our saddest thoughts.
The poet in no way feels human being to be near the greatness of the bird even if we shed all our vices like hate, pride or fear.

Glorifying the bird the poet says that it is beyond all measures or delightful sound and available treasures written in the books by poets. The poet makes a request to the bird to teach even half of its gladness that its brain preserves. He wishes that the harmonious madness of the bird should ever flow from the poet’s lips so that the whole of the world would listen and enjoy it as the poet is listening and enjoying.

(B) Poet has used three figures of speech in the poem ‘personification’ ‘simile’ and ‘alliteration’ find examples of all the three from the poem and write about these explaining the meanings and figures of speech used by the poet.
Answer:
Personification though dost float and run.
Simile: like an unbodied joy.
Alliteration: And Singing Still dost Soar, and Soaning ever Singest,

Things To Do

(A) Read the following poem and compare it with lines 85-90.
(B) Write out the similar and different feelings in the poems.
Answer:
For self attempt.

To a Skylark  Summary in English

“To a Skylark’ is one of the greatest poems of English literature. It is written by P.B.-Shellev. Welcoming the skylark the poet says that it is not simply a bird but a carefree light-hearted bird which has been never seen before. It pours its copious and plentiful natural spontaneous musical notes direct from heaven. It goes higher and higher springing from the earth like a cloud of fire. Its singing soars and soars all around as a wave. It is floating and running like an unbodied joy in the midst of golden lightening of the setting sun over which the clouds are brightening.

Everything pale or purple which signifies sadness melts around its flight. The skylark like the heaven star is invisible in day but still its joyful musical note is audible. It is keen like the arrows of the moon whose intense light comes closer in the while clear dawn. Though we see its hardly, we feel its presence somewhere around there. Its voice overpowers all over the earth and air in the lonely night from the lonely cloud. Its musical delight overflows.

The poet fails to define the bird in the actual sense. Never before such a bright drop has flown as its melody comes. The bird is like a poet hidden in the hilt of thought Ringing hymns unbidden until the whole world is wrought to sympathy wise hopes and fears. For the poet it appears to be a high-born maiden in the palace tower who soothes her love laden soul with her sweet music. Sometimes its looks like glow-worm which glitters among flowers and grass without being seen anywhere. It is like a rose surrounded by its green leaves. It gets deflowered by the warm winds spreading its fragrance overpowering its leaves which had stolen it from the sight. Its fresh music surpasses the spring sound which was till now joyous and clear.

The poet asks this spirit or bird whoever it is to teach him what sweet thoughts does it have. The poet has never heard of such a flood of rapture so divine. It is difficult to match it with any wedding chorus or triumphant song with its divine music. Still we feel there is a want hidden in its song.The poet fails to guess what does the bird pours through its musical strain.

There is a tremendous mystery behind it of love or ignorance of pain. No shadow of sadness does ever come near the joyance of its song for there is only love and love not its pangs. The bird’s song flows in such a crystal stream that it makes no difference whether it is walking or asleep. Even in this sense it surpasses human beings. It is the nature of human beings to look back and forward and be sad for what we have not.

Our sincerest laughter is mixed with pain. Our sweetest songs are those that tell of our saddest thoughts.
The poet in no way feels human being to be near the greatness of the bird even if we shed all our vices like hate, pride or fear.

Glorifying the bird the poet says that it is beyond all measures or delightful sound and available treasures written in the books by poets. The poet makes a request to the bird to teach even half of its gladness that its brain preserves. He wishes that the harmonious madness of the bird should ever flow from the poet’s lips so that the whole of the world would listen and enjoy it as the poet is listening and enjoying.

To a Skylark Summary in Hindi

‘Toaskylark’ अंग्रेजी साहित्य की महान कविताओं में एक है। इसकी रचना पी. बी. शैली द्वारा की गई है। चातक पक्षी Skylark-a singing bird’ का स्वागत करते हुए कवि कहता है कि यह एक साधारण पक्षी नहीं है बल्कि एक स्वच्छंद, उन्मुक्त हदय वाला पक्षी है जो कभी दिखाई नहीं देता। यह अपनी मधुर और विविध प्राकृतिक सतत् संगीत को धुन सीधे आकाश से उड़ेलती है। यह आग के बादल की तरह धरती से उठकर ऊँचे से ऊँचा चली जाती है। इसका संगीत चारों ओर एक वेग की तरह गूंजता है।

यह एक अशारीरिक आनंद की तरह डूबते सूर्य के सुनहली रेखाओं के बीच जहां बादल चमकता होता है प्रवाहित होती है और दौड़ती है। हर पीलापन या बदरंग जो दु:ख का सूचक है वह इसकी उड़ान के साथ विलीन हो जाता है। चातक स्वर्गिक तारों की तरह दिन में अदृश्य रहता है लेकिन फिर भी इसका आनंददायक संगीत सुनाई देता है। यह चांद के तीर की तरह तेज है। जिसका तेज प्रकाश खेत संध्या के समय इसके करीब आ जाता है। यद्यपि हम इसे शायद ही देख पाते हैं, इसकी उपस्थिति कहीं न कहीं हमारे आसपास महसूस होती है। इसकी आवाज धरती और वायुमंडल में सुनसान रात के समय अकेले बादल से चारों ओर फैली होती है। इसका संगीतरूपी आनंद प्रवाहित होता रहता है।

कवि सही अर्थों में इस पक्षी को परिभाषित करने में अपने को असफल पाता है। इससे पहले कभी-भी ऐसा मधुर ध्वनि को बूंदै प्रवाहित नहीं हुआ। यह पक्षी विचारों के प्रकाश के पीछे छिपा हआ कवि है जो लगातार अपना गान तब तक गाए जा रहा है जबतक कि यह संसार सहानुभूति के साथ आशा और भय से ऊपर उठ न जाए। कवि के लिए यह एक उच्च कुलीन राजकुमारी है जो महल से अपने मधुर संगीत से अपने प्यार को सहलाती – की

मीच बिना दिखाई दिए चमकता है यह हरी पत्तियों के बीच छिपा हुआ गुलाब की तरह है। यह अपनी पंखुड़ियां तेज हवा के साथ बिखेरती है और अपनी सुगंध चारों और फैलाती है जिसे पत्तियों ने छिपा रखा था। इसकी ताजा संगीत वसंत के धुन को भी मात देता है जब अवतक स्वच्छ और आनंददायक था। कवि इस दैविक आत्मा या पक्षी-यह जो भी है, उससे अपने को यह शिक्षा देने को कहता है कि इसके अंदर कौन-सा मधुर विचार है। कवि आनंद का ऐसा दैविक प्रवाह इससे पहले कभी नहीं सुना। किस भी वैवाहिक संगीत या विजय गान से इस स्वर्गिक संगीत को तुलना करना मुश्किल है। फिर भी हमें महसूस होता है कि इसके पीछे एक चाहत छिपी है।

कवि यह अनुमान लगाने में असफल है कि यह पक्षी अपनी संगीतमयी धारा से क्या उडेलती है। इसमें प्यार और दर्द के अनजाने पन को एक अजीब-सा रहस्य है।। संगीत के आनंद के आसपास उदासी की छाया भी नहीं है क्योंकि वहाँ केवल प्यार है न कि प्यार का विद्रोह। पक्षी का संगीत एक स्वच्छ धारा के रूप में इस तरह बहती है जैसे इसके लय और शांति के बीच कोई अंतर ही नहीं लगता। इस अर्थ में भी यह मानव जाति से ऊपर है। मनुष्य का यह स्वभाव है कि वह आगे और पीछे देखता है और जो उसके पास नहीं है, उसके लिए दु:खी होता है।

हमारा सबसे बड़ा सुख दर्द से भरा है। हमारा सबसे मधुर संगीत है वह है जो हमारे सबसे अधिक दुःखी भावनाओं से उत्पन्न होता है। कवि किसी भी तरह पक्षी की महानता के आसपास भी मनुष्य को नहीं पाता यदि हम घृणा, अहंकार या भय जैसी बुराईयों को छोड़ भी दें तो। – कवि पक्षी के महानता को उजागर करते हुए कहता है कि यह किसी भी आनंदायक ध्वनि के पैमाने या कवियों द्वारा वर्णिन किसी भी खजाने से बहुत अंतर है। कवि पक्षी से यह अनुरोध करता है कि अपने दिमाग में आनन्द का आधा भी यह उसे सिखाए। वह यह उम्मीद कर है कि पक्षी के सुमधुर पागलपन को ध्वनि कवि के होठों से निकले जिससे कि जैसे कवि इसे सुनकर आनंदित होता है उसी तरह संपूर्ण संसार इसे सुने और आनंदित हो।

To a Skylark Word Meaning

To a Skylark Comprehension

1. Read the following stanzas carefully and answer the questions that follow:

I. Hail! to thee, blithe spirit!
Bird thou never wert
That from heaven or near it
Pourest thy full heart
In profuse strains of unpremeditated art.
Higher still and higher
From the earth thou springest,
Like a cloud of fire;
The blue deep thou wingest,
And singing still dost soar, and soaring ever singest.

Questions:
(î) Who is ‘the’ in these lines?
(ii) What does the poet mean by ‘blithe spirit’?
(iii) What does the bird do?
(iv) From where does the bird spring and where does it go?
(v) Find a word from the lines which means same as ‘unplanned’.
Answers:
(I) ‘Thee’ is the sky lark (a bird).
(ii) The poet means a carefree and light-hearted bird.
(iii) The bird pours its spontaneous note of music.
(iv) The bird springs from the earth and it goes higher and higher in the sky.
(v) ‘Premcditated.

2. Like a high-born maiden
In a palace tower,
Soothing her love-laden
Soul in secret hour
With music sweet as love, which overflows her bower:
Like a glow-worm golden
ma dell of dew,
Scattering unbeholden
Its aerial hue
Among the flowers and grass which screen it from the view:

Questions:
(i) Who does the poet compose with the bird in the first given stanza?
(ii) What does she do?
(iii) What is the effect of her music?
(iv) What is composed with in the second stanza given here?
(v) Find a word from the above stanzas which is similar in meaning to ‘invisible’.
Answers:
(i) The bird is compared with a high-born maiden.
(ii) She soothes her love-laden soul.
(iii) Her music overflows her bower.
(iv) Here, the bird is compared with glow worm.
(v) ‘Unbeholden’.

3: Teach us, sprite or bird,
What sweet thoughts are thine:
I have never heard Praise of love or wine
That panted forth a flood of rapture so divine.
Chorus hymeneal,
Or triumphal chant,
Match’d with thine would be all
But an empty vaunt
A thing wherein we feel there is some hidden want.

Questions:
(i) What does the poet ask the bird to teach him?
(ii) What has the poet never heard?
(iii) What is chorus?
(iv) What does the poet guess in the bird’s song?
(v) Give a word from the above stanzas which is similar in meaning to ‘victory’.
Answers:
(i) The poet asks the bird to teach him the secret of its song.
(ii) The poet has never heard a song as sweet and divine as that of the bird.
(iii) Chorus is group song.
(iv) The poet guesses that there is some hidden want in the bird’s song.
(v) ‘triumphal’.

4. We look before and after,
And pine for what is not:
Our sincerest laughter With some pain is fraught;
Our sweetest songs are those that tell of saddest thought.

Questions:
(i) What human weakness that the poet finds in these lines?
(ii) What does the poet mean by ‘sincerest laughter’?
(iii) What are our sweetest songs?
(iv) Give the opposite word from the above stanza for ‘enjoy’
Answers:
(i) The poet finds that human being looks before and after and feels sad for what is not.
(ii) By ‘sincerest laughter’ the poet means extreme happiness.
(iii) Our sweetest songs are those that express our saddest thought.
(iv) ‘pine’.

MP Board Class 11th English Solutions

MP Board Class 11th English A Voyage Textbook

• Patriotism Class 11 Questions And Answers
• What the Moon Saw Class 11 Questions And Answers
• My Mother Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Brook Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Dilemma of the Scientist Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Cherry Tree Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Mercy Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Of Studies Class 11 Questions And Answers
• To a Skylark Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Mahatma Gandhi Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Model Millionaire Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Frog and the Nightingale Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Peace Class 11 Questions And Answers
• One Thousand Dollars Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Sister Nivedita Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Captive Air of Chandipur Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Sir Roger at Home Class 11 Questions And Answers
• King Porus – A Legend of Old Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Mirabai Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Profit and Loss Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Dear Departed Class 11 Questions And Answers
• A Pair of Mustachios Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Bishop’s Candlesticks Class 11 Questions And Answers
• A Cup of Tea Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Gospel of Selfless Action Class 11 Questions And Answers

Class 11 English The Spectrum Chapter 3 Dear Teacher Questions and Answers

Dear Teacher Class 11th Question Answer

Word Power

A. Arrange the words given below in the columns according to traits/ qualities they represent.
[दिए गए शब्दों का गुणों के आधार पर व्यवस्थित कीजिए।
Answer:
Negative Traits – Positive Traits

1. hardworking – 1. selfish
2. friendliness – 2. envy
3. quiet laughter – 3. howling
4. love for nature – 4. bullying
5. to laugh when sad – 5. cheating
6. wonder of books – 6. cynicism

B. Fill in the blanks using the words given, to complete the paragraph.
[रिक्त स्थान भरकर अनुच्छेद पूरा कीजिए।।
Answer:
wants, learn, physical, abilities, bidders, never, laugh, odd.

Comprehension

A Answer the following questions in one or two sentences each.
[निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों का एक या दो वाक्यों में उत्तर दीजिए।

Question 1.
Who is the writer of the letter? Who is the addressee? (2013) ”
पत्र का लेखक कौन है ? पत्र किसे लिखा गया है?
Answer:
The writer of this letter is Abraham Lincoln. The letter is written to the teacher of his son.
इस पत्र के लेखक एब्राहम लिंकन है। पत्र उनके पुत्र के शिक्षक को लिखा गया है।

Question 2.
Which sentences in the letter suggest that the evil is balanced by the good ?
पत्र के किन वाक्यों से पता चलता है कि बुराई अच्छाई से सन्तुलित होती है ?
Answer:
The following sentences suggests this:
For every scoundrel there is a hero, for every selfish politician there is a dedicated leader and for every enemy there is a friend.
इन वाक्यों से यह पता चलता है हर दुष्ट के लिए यहाँ एक वीर है, हर स्वार्थी राजनेता के लिए एक समर्पित नेता है और हर शत्रु के लिए एक मित्र होता है।

Question 3.
How are bullies the easiest to defeat ? (2008,09,10,11,12,16)
दबंगों को हराना सबसे आसान क्यों हैं ?
Answer:
Bullies are the easiest to defeat because they can be easily targeted.
दबंगों को हराना इसलिए सबसे आसान है कि उन्हें आसानी से निशाना बनाया जा सकता

Question 4.
Select the sentences from the text that suggests Lincoln wanted his son to appreciate nature.
पाठ में से वह वाक्य चुनो जिससे ज्ञात होता है कि लिंकन चाहते थे कि उनका पुत्र प्रकृति प्रेमी बने।
Answer:
“But also give him quiet time to ponder the eternal mystery of birds in the sky, bees in the sun and flowers on a green hillside.”
“लेकिन उसे एकान्त भी प्रदान करो जिसमें वह आकाश में उड़ती चिड़ियों, सूरज की धूप में कार्यरत मधुमक्खियों और हरी-भरौ पहाड़ियों पर खिलखिलातें फूलों के शाश्वत रहस्य पर मनन कर सकें।”

Question 5.
Pick up the expression from the text which suggests that Lincoln greatly loved his son.
पाठ में से उस पद को निकालो जिससे पता चलता हो कि लिंकन अपने पुत्र को अत्यधिक प्यार करता था।
Answer:
“He is such a fine little fellow, my son” !
“वह एक बहुत ही प्यारा छोटा बच्चा है, मेरा पुत्र” !

Question 6.
What is worse than failure ? (2009, 11, 14)
असफलता से अधिक बुरा क्या है?
Answer:
Cheating is worse than failure.
नकल करना (बेईमानी करना) असफलता से ज्यादा बुरा है।

B. Briefly explain the following statements from the text.
पाठ के इन कथनों को संक्षेप में समझाइए।।

1. ….. a dollar earned is of far more value than five pounds.
Answer:
To earn a small sum by one’s own labour is far better than a huge sum received in gift.

2. …… to have faith in his own ideas, even if everyone tells him they are wrong.
Answer:
To have confidence in one’s own thinking ability.

3. …… to close his ears to the howling mob.
Answer:
Pay no heed to people shouting nonsensically

4. …… the secret of quiet laughter.
Answer:
Enjoying happiness and satisfaction without much ado.

5. ……. the courage to be impatient : …… the patience to be brave.
Answer:
Courage to be eager to do the right thing or to fight evil …… ability to persevere with fearlessness.

Language Practice

इस खण्ड के मूल प्रश्न व तालिकाएँ अपनी पाठ्य-पुस्तक में से देखिए। यहाँ केवल उनके उत्तर दिए जा रहे हैं।।

Complete these sentences using ‘little’ or ‘few’.

Question 1.
Little’ या ‘few’ का उपयोग करके वाक्य पूरे करो।
Answer:

1. few, little
2. little
3. little
4. few
5. Few.

Question 2.
Complete the sentences using a little’ or ‘a few’.
[a little’ या ‘a few’ का उपयोग करके वाक्य पूरे करो।
Answer:

1. a little
2. a few
3. a few
4. a few
5. a little, a few.

Question 3.
Complete the sentences using the little’ or ‘the few’.
[the little’ या ‘the few’ का उपयोग करके वाक्य पूरे करो।]
Answer:

1. The little
2. The few
3. the few
4. the little.

Question 4.
Complete the following sentences by filling in “each’ or ‘every’ as may be suitable.
[each’ या ‘every’ भरकर वाक्या पूरे करो।
Answer:

1. every
2. Each
3. Every
4. every
5. every
6. every
7. Each
8. each
9. Every
10. every

Question 5.
Fill in the blanks with ‘all’, ‘both’ or ‘whole whichever is suitable.
[‘all’, ‘both’ या ‘whole’ का उपयोग करके रिक्त स्थान भरो। ]
Answer:

1. all
2. whole
3. Both
4.  All
5. whole
6. all
7. whole
8. All
9. all
10. both

Question 6.
Insert ‘either’ or ‘neither’ wherever necessary.
‘either’ या ‘neither’ से रिक्त स्थान भरो।
Answer:

1. neither
2. either, neither
3. either
4. either
5. Neither
6. either
7. either
8. Neither
9. Neither
10. either.

Dear Teacher Summary in Hindi

मैं जानता हूँ कि उसे यह सीखना पड़ेगा कि सभी इन्सान ईमानदार और सच्चे नहीं होते, किन्तु उसे यह भी सिखाइए कि प्रत्येक बदमाश के प्रतिकार के लिए एक वीर होता है, प्रत्येक स्वार्थी राजनीतिज्ञ के प्रतिकार के लिए एक समर्पित नेता होता है। उसे समझाइए कि प्रत्येक विरोधी के प्रतिकार के लिए एक मित्र होता है। मैं समझता हूँ कि इसमें समय लगेगा, पर यदि आप उसे समझा सकतें हों तो समझाएँ कि कमाए हुए एक डॉलर का मूल्य पाँच पाउण्ड से अधिक होता है। उसे पराजय स्वीकारना सिखाइए पर इसी के साथ-साथ उसे विजय पर आनन्दित होना भी सिखाइए।

उसका मार्गदर्शन कीजिए जिससे वह विद्वेष से दूर रह सके। यदि आप कर सकें तो उसे निश्चल हास्य का मर्म सिखाइए।उसे जल्दी ही यह सिखा दीजिए कि उद्दण्डों को धूल चटाना सबसे आसान काम है। यदि आप कर सकते हों तो उसे किताबों के कौतुक का ज्ञान भी दीजिए, किन्तु उसे शान्ति के साथ बैठकर आकाश में उड़ती चिड़ियों, सूर्य के प्रकाश में कार्यरत मधुमक्खियों और हरित पहाड़ियों पर खिलते फूलों के चिरन्तन रहस्य पर चिन्तन करने के लिए भी समय दीजिए।

स्कल में उसे सिखाइए कि नकल करके पास होने से फेल होना ज्यादा सम्मानजनक है। यदि सब लोग कहें कि वे गलत हैं तब भी उसे अपने विचारों पर भरोसा रखना सिखाइए। उसे भले लोगों के साथ भला और दुष्टों के साथ दुष्ट के समान व्यवहार करना सिखाइए। मेरे पुत्र को इतनी शक्ति प्रदान करने का प्रयत्न कीजिए कि वह उस भीड़ से अलग रहे जो किसी लोकप्रिय होती गतिविधि में शामिल हो रही हो। उसे सभी लोगों की बात सुनना सिखाइए, लेकिन उसे यह भी सिखाइए कि जो वह सुनता है उसे सच्चाई की छलनी से छाने और जो अच्छाई निकले उसी को स्वीकार करे।

यदि आप कर सकें तो उस सिखाइए कि उदासी के समय हँसा कैसे जाता है। उसे सिखाइए कि आँसुओं से शर्मसार होने की आश्वयकता नहीं है। उसे दोषदर्शियों की हँसी उड़ाना तथा अधिक चाटुकारिता दिखाने वालों से सतर्क रहना सिखाइए। उसे अपनी शारीरिक एवं मानसिक क्षमता को सबसे अधिक बोली लगाने वालों को देना सिखाइए, किन्तु अपनी आत्मा और अपने हृदय का कोई मूल्य निर्धारित नहीं करना सिखाइए। उसे उत्तेजित भीड़ के शोर-शराबे पर ध्यान न देना और सच्चाई के लिए लड़ना भी सिखाइए।

उसके साथ सहृदयता का व्यवहार तो करिए किन्तु अधिक लाड़-प्यार मत दिखाइए क्योंकि आग में तपकर ही व्यक्ति लौहपुरुष बनता है। उसमें व्यग्रता के लिए साहस और बहादुरी के लिए धैर्य होना चाहिए। उसे अपने आप में परम विश्वास रखना सिखाइए क्योंकि तभी मानव जाति में उसका परम विश्वास बना रह सकता है। यह एक मुश्किल अभियाचना है पर देखिए आप क्या कुछ कर सकते हैं। वह, मेरा पुत्र, एक बहुत अच्छा इन्सान है। -अब्राहम लिंकन

Dear Teacher Word Meanings of Difficult Words

MP Board Class 11th English Solutions

The Spectrum Textbook General English Class 11th Solutions

• True Worship Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Limits of Knowledge Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Dear Teacher Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Shepherd Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Selfish Giant Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Laxmi and the Doll Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Road Not Taken Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Idgah Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Can We Stop The Earthquakes? Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Waves on the Sleepless Sea Class 11 Questions And Answers
• A Letter to God Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Wise Judge Class 11 Questions And Answers
• O Captain! My Captain! Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Gifts of Love Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Uncle Podger Hangs a Picture Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Broken Wing Class 11 Questions And Answers
• A Grain as Big as a Hen’s Egg Class 11 Questions And Answers
• India’s Gift to the World Class 11 Questions And Answers

Class 11 English The Spectrum Chapter 13 O Captain! My Captain! Questions and Answers

O Captain! My Captain! Class 11th Question Answer

Word Power

A. Fill in the blanks with words from the poem.
कविता के शब्दों से खाली स्थान भरो।
Answer:

• exulting
• bleeding
• the bouquets, ribboned
• beneath
• anchored, sound
• mournful.

B. Match the words in column A with their meanings in column B.
कॉलम A में दिये शब्दों को कॉलम B में दिये अर्थों से मिलाइए।
Answer:
1 + 2, 2 + 4,3 +5,4 + 3,5+ 1.

Comprehension

A. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences each
इन प्रश्नों का एक या दो वाक्यों में उत्तर दीजिए।

Question 1.
How do people react as the ship approaches the port ? (2008, 09)
जहाज जब बन्दरगाह पर पहुंचता है तो लोग क्या करते हैं ?
Answer:
When the ship reaches the port people feel great pleasure.
जब जहाज बन्दरगाह पर पहुंचता है तो लोग अत्यधिक आनन्द का अनुभव करते हैं।

Question 2.
Where does the Captain of the ship lie ? (2010, 13)
जहाज का कप्तान कहाँ लेटा है ?
Answer:
The captain of the ship is lying on the deck.
जहाज का कप्तान जहाज की छत पर लेटा है।

Question 3.
What makes the poet think that the captain is dying? (2009)
है कि कप्तान मरने वाला है ?
Answer:
The poet thinks that the captain is dying because his lips are pale and still. Moreover, there is no pulse.
कवि समझता है कि कप्तान मरने वाला है क्योंकि उसके हो न अचल हैं और उसकी नाड़ी नहीं चल रही है।

Question 4.
What does the poet choose to do instead joining rejoicings ? (2011)
लोगों की खुशियों में शामिल होने के बजाय कवि ने क्या करना पसन्द किया ?
Answer:
Instead of joining the people’s rejoicings the poet choose to walk mournfully on the deck where his captain was lying.
लोगों की खुशियों में शामिल होने के बजाय कवि ने दुखी मन से जहाज की छत पर चलते रहना तय किया जहाँ उसका कप्तान लेटा हुआ था।

B. Answer these questions in two to four sentences each.
इन प्रश्नों का दो से चार वाक्यों में उत्तर दीजिए।

Question 1.
What is meant by the fearful trip and the prize that was sought and is won ? (2016)
भयावह यात्रा और पुरस्कार जो चाहा गया था तथा जीत लिया गया इसका क्या अर्थ
Answer:
The fearful trip represents the war of independence. The prize sought is freedom. Winning it represents success achieved.
भयावह यात्रा का अर्थ है स्वतन्त्रता का युद्ध। इनाम जो चाहा गया था वह है स्वतन्त्रता और उसे जीतने का अर्थ है-सफलता की प्राप्ति।

Question 2.
Write down the expressions by which the poet suggests that his captain is finally dead. (2008)
उन पदों को लिपिबद्ध कीजिए जिनसे कवि यह इंगित करता है कि कप्तान की वास्तव में मृत्यु हो चुकी है।
Answer:
Fallen cold and dead; his lips are pale and still; he has no pulse or will. These expressions suggest that the captain is dead.
ठण्डा और मृत पड़ा है। उसके होंठ रंग विहीन और अचल हैं; उसकी नाड़ी नहीं चल रही है न उसमें इच्छा शक्ति है। इन पदों से पता चलता है कि कप्तान की मृत्यु हो चुकी है।

O Captain! My Captain! Hindi Translation

हे कप्तान ! मेरे कप्तान ! अपनी भयावह यात्रा पूरी हो चुकी है। जहाज ने विनाशकारी तूफान झेल लिया है, जो पुरस्कार हम चाहते थे वह जीत लिया गया है बन्दरगाह समीप ही है, मैं घंटियों की आवाज सुन रहा हूँ, लोग गर्व का अनुभव कर रहे हैं।
आँखें जहाज के स्थिर नौतल को देख रही हैं, जहाज कठोर पर स्नेहपात्र है।

पर हे दिल ! दिल !
ओह खून की टपकती बूंदें !
जहाज की छत पर जहाँ मेरा कप्तान लेटा है।
भावशून्य और मृत।

हे कप्तान ! मेरे कप्तान ! उठो और घंटियों की आवाज सुनो। उठो-तुम्हारे लिए झण्डे फहराए गए हैं- तुम्हारे लिए बिगुल कम्पित स्वर निकाल रहे तुम्हारे लिए पुष्प गुच्छ और फीते वाली मालाएँ हैं, तुम्हारे लिए किनारे पर लोगों की भीड़ है। तुम्हारे लिए ये झूमते हुए लोगों के समूह पुकार लगा रहे हैं, उनके उत्सुक चेहरे तुम्हारी ओर मुड़ रहे है।

लो कप्तान ! प्यारे पिता !
ये बाँह तुम्हारे सिर के नीचे है।
क्या यह स्वप्न है कि जहाज के छत पर,
भावशून्य और मृत पड़े हो।

मेरा कप्तान उत्तर नहीं देता, उसके होंठ रंगहीन और अचल हैं। मेरे पिता मेरी बाँह का अनुभव नहीं कर रहे, न उनकी नाड़ी चल रही है न उनमें इच्छा-शक्ति है।

जहाज सुरक्षित लंगर डाल चुका है, उसकी यात्रा पूरी हो चुकी है,
भयावह यात्रा से विजेता जहाज विजय का तोहफा लेकर लौटा है।

किनारे गर्वान्वित हो जाओ, घंटियाँ बज उठो,
लेकिन मैं दु:ख भरी चाल से
जहाज की छत पर जहाँ मेरा कप्तान
शान्त और मृत पड़ा है, चहलकदमी करता रहूँगा। -वॉल्ट विटमन

O Captain! My Captain! Summary in Hindi

कविता अमेरिका में गृहयुद्ध की समाप्ति पर अब्राहम लिंकन की छलपूर्वक की गई हत्या की पष्ठभूमि में लिखी गई है। अमेरिका को एक जहाज के रूप में वर्णित किया गया है जिसे तूफानी समुद्र में यात्रा करनी थी। अब्राहम लिंकन जहाज के कप्तान हैं। जहाज विक्षुब्ध समुद्र में बचकर बन्दरगाह तक पहुँच गया। तभी कवि को कप्तान जहाँ लेटा है उस स्थान पर खून की बूंदें दिखीं। किनारे पर लोग जहाज के सुरक्षित आने की खुशियाँ मना रहे थे। वे इससे अनभिज्ञ थे कि कप्तान जिसने तूफान में जहाज का संचालन किया था वह मर चुका है। किनारे पर लोग जश्न मनाते रहे पर कवि का दिल टूट चुका है वह उनके साथ शामिल नहीं हो सकता।

O Captain! My Captain! Word Meanings of Difficult Words

MP Board Class 11th English Solutions

The Spectrum Textbook General English Class 11th Solutions

• True Worship Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Limits of Knowledge Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Dear Teacher Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Shepherd Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Selfish Giant Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Laxmi and the Doll Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Road Not Taken Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Idgah Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Can We Stop The Earthquakes? Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Waves on the Sleepless Sea Class 11 Questions And Answers
• A Letter to God Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Wise Judge Class 11 Questions And Answers
• O Captain! My Captain! Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Gifts of Love Class 11 Questions And Answers
• Uncle Podger Hangs a Picture Class 11 Questions And Answers
• The Broken Wing Class 11 Questions And Answers
• A Grain as Big as a Hen’s Egg Class 11 Questions And Answers
• India’s Gift to the World Class 11 Questions And Answers

MP Board Class 11th Special English Important Questions Essay Writing

1. Forest and Human Life (M.P. 2009, 13)

Planting trees is called plantation and a huge area covered with a number of trees of different variety and quality are called forests, the need is to protect them and save them from illegal cutting and destruction. To encourage tree plantation and to develop an understanding and love for trees, government from time to time has launched many programmes all over the country and it has resulted that today we see a number of green trees on the roadside and along the railway track. Just as we need garments to cover and decorate our body similarly to increase the beauty of the earth trees are important. These trees not only decorate the earth but supply man with many important and necessary things. The first and foremost it supplies life saving oxygen to man, it brings rainfall and also is home of beautiful birds and animals.

Forest feeds many industries with raw material which are used for making products that are in demand thus forest helps in raising the economic condition of the country. Most of the present industries like paper, oil, rubber, etc. depend on forest for raw materials. These forests are also beneficial for these provide herbs and medicinal oil for preparing various medicines as well as artificial milk from the sap of the cow tree.

Forest helps to clean the atmosphere and purity air as well as make it pleasant. Today most of our forests are protected areas and are sanctuary that helps the government to earn foreign currency everyyear. Today world is alert towards the need of forest for human and world’s survival that a number of worldwide programmes been launched. In India every year we celebrate “Van Mahotsav’, it encourages tree plantation over wasteland to protect top soil. It is the present need of the mother earth.

2. Importance of Newspaper (Imp)
Or
Role of Free Press in Democracy

A free press is the champion of the people’s rights and the enemy of oppression. It supports every good cause and exposes every false belief. It is the agent of truth, justice and civilization. People cannot be made slaves where press is free. In a democracy, the importance of press is even greater. The chief function of the press should be to protect the people from their rules. A free press works for the welfare of the people. It is the voice of the nation. It speaks fearlessly on national issues.

The most important function of a newspaper is to educate public opinion. It supplies accurate information to its readers. It is the eye-ope ler of the government and the public. It serves as a forum for the people. Through it people may know freely what is going on in the world. A free newspaper is the guardian of the people. It fights against authoritarian forces, injustice and exploitation.

The press acts as a public enquiry commission. Antinational and antisocial elements are afraid of the press because it brings to light their misdeeds. If the press is public-spirited it acts in an objective manner. No wonder then our politicians are more afraid of the newspa pers than the people.

It is the newspaper that exposes the misdeeds of the government. A controlled press is an insult to the nation. People must be free to express their opinion in the newspapers. It is a pity that in our country the newspapers are controlled by the capitalist class. All the newspapers cater the interest of the rich. They seldom espouse the cause of the poor of the underprivileged classes. The newspapers that create communal hatred are the enemies of the public. They spread false alarms. They excite violence. Government must put rigorous restriction on the publication of such reports. It causes a threat to the unity of the nation.

3. The Problem of Unemployment in India (Imp)

The problem of unemployment is the most difficult problem that faces our country. After so many years of independence, the problem has become more acute. There are more unemployed persons that they were at the time of independence. All the development plans have failed to provide employment to our young men and women. The number of job seekers on the registers of Employment Exchanges has multiplied.

There are several causes for the increased unemployment in India. Rapid industrialisation is one of them. Galloping birth rate and defective education system are some of other causes. The population of our country is increasing at an alarming rate. Whatever is achieved in terms of additional jobs is not too enough by fresh hands seeking unemployment.

India is still an underdeveloped nation. Ours is a rich country inhabited by the poor. It means that India is rich in natural resources, but they need exploitation. There is still a great scope for expansion on all fronts. There is enough barren land which can be brought under cultivation. More dams could be built and more electricity should be generated. We still need schools, hospitals, dispensaries, libraries and community centres. All these can provide work to millions.

Not much attention has been paid to handicraft and cottage industry. We must persuade our young people to engage themselves on these neglected areas of work. The government must make a provision for special subsidy for cottage industry in order to rehabilitate it.

Our education should be made job-oriented. But our education is liberal education. It has produced only babus. They are fit for nothing but clerical jobs which they do not get. Dignity of labour must be taught to the young. Machinery should be used carefully so that it does not displace workers. A proper coordination between industrial development and employment opportunities is required to be developed. Lure for machinery must be checked.

We must also check the fast growing population. This is of foremost importance. Unless this is achieved, no plan can give desired results. Family planning has to be popularised among the ignorant villagers who continue to be superstitious in the matter concerning births. Dignity of labour must be brought home to all. No work is low. We must not hesitate to use the hands and feet that God has given us. Our young must change their outlook if the cancer of unemployment has to be removed from our society.

4. T. V. and Education
Or
The Educational Value of T.V.
(M.P. 2015)

Television is the wonderful invention of the present century. It is becoming very popular as a means of education throughout the world. In the western countries, the schools make full use of television in making education as effective and interesting as possible. In our country, it is still in its infancy. But the new education policy announced recently has laid sufficient stress on the modern aids of education and television has been given its due place. In Delhi schools, television is freely used as a means of education.

No one can deny the fact that television is the most effective means of imparting education. In scientific education in particular, good programmes on the television can easily make up for a bad teacher or an ill-equipped laboratory. Its audio-visual quality makes teaching through television more effective. It has a lasting imprint on the minds of the students. The importance of teaching subjects like Geography on television cannot be underes timated. The students can be shown actual Geographical facts and phenomena on television. They can be shown the rise of the monsoon winds from the Indian Ocean and their advancement to the land and mountains, resulting in monsoon rainfall throughout India. They can also be shown the lunar or solar eclipses.

The importance of using audio-visual aids while teaching other subjects also cannot be denied. It is true that a television lesson has the obvious disadvantages of the absence of student participation but this disadvantage can be overcome by planning a lesson in such a way that it can take of all possible reactions and by making the teacher discuss the problems of individual students at the end of a lesson. The actual celebration of some of the national days can be effectively shown on television. The students can listen to the speeches of our national leaders and can be benefited by it.

Sports have become an important part of our education system. Effective coaching in various sports can be given with the help of television. Actual test matches and other international sports events have inspired many a budding player.

One of the most important part of our planning in education is that of adult education. Television is a very useful medium of entertaining and enlightening our grown-up masses. If used properly, television can enlighten our ignorant masses.

5. Aim in Life (Imp)
Or
The Choice of a Profession

“Aimless man is a boat without a rudder.” There are many professions that are open to young men and women. Teaching is one. It is a noble profession and it gives one an opportu nity of shaping the lives of young boys and girls and make them useful members of society. A teacher has to work very hard but the remuneration he gets for his hard work is extremely meagre. Then there is a law. There is much money in this profession but it kills the con science of the person who adopts this profession. Many a time a lawyer has to defend a criminal or a murderer and this is nothing short of committing the crime himself. That is why Mahatma Gandhi called the lawyer’s profession a liar’s profession. Lastly, there is business with its glittering gold but its financial implications deter me from entering business.

I would like to become a doctor. I have many reasons for choosing this profession. First, the medical profession is considered a very noble profession, rather the noblest by the rich and the poor alike. A doctor enjoys a social prestige and status hard to come by in other professions. Whatever people might think of teachers, engineers or businessmen, they always think very highly of doctors. There are a few doctors who do not follow the ethical methods and bring disrepute on their profession. But such doctors are happily very few indeed. I would follow medical ethics rather scrupulously. Another reason why I want to choose this profession is that it is an independent profession. One need not dance attendance upon rich and the great for advancement. Success is yours provided you are ready to take pains, adopt sympathetic attitude, and provide selfless and dedicated service. If a person is really sincere in his work even financial success can be achieved. There is no limit to a doctor’s income. And then the social status enjoyed by a doctor is just great. Man’s ambition in life is not only to amass wealth but also serve his fellow beings. And who can serve suffering humanity better than a doctor. He can bring smile on the glum face of a sick man. To save a person from the jaws of death is the highest act of charity and nobility. These are some of the reasons that have prompted me to adopt this noblest of profession.

6. Population Problem in India
(M.P. 2009)

Population problem is one of the biggest problem today faced by the world. India is facing this problem from a long time back, more than a crore has been added in our census since, 1947 and if it goes on like this the situation will become critical.

This problem has given rise to many other problems like food, employment, houses etc., and industrialization has added fuel to it. Industries have added pollution problem to the rapid increase of population. Insanitation and rapid increase in some areas have only added to this problem giving it a more severe look. Today it seems that this situation has gone out of our hand.

The rapid development in the field of medical science an average life-span of man has increased, as a result there is a downward trend in the death rate even the child mortality rate has reduced as a result there has been a rapid increase in population.

Indian were basically orthodox in their outlook and regarded birth control as a sin, but today due to rapid development of education and scientific knowledge the traditional outlook is fast-changing but still we have miles to go before any definite solution can be found, unless our villages are not made literate all scientific development will continue to become meaningless.

Under the leadership of Smt. Indira Gandhi a number of programmes had been launched to tackle the situation. The marriage age of the girls was increased to 18 years and child marriages were banned. Spread of education also helped in increasing the age of marriages for girls or boys alike. Family planning education programmes were launched and popularized. This enlightened the people towards their moral responsibility. They owed to the country. If we want our country to progress, we have to teach average man the value of small i planned family. We also need to revive our cottage industries and propagate the value of adult education so that our villagers understand the importance of small family.

7. The Importance of Games and Sports
(M.P. 2009, 10, 13, 15)

Games are necessary part of education. Just as books form part of education, games and sports also form part of education. Books enlighten the mind but games refresh the body. In a word, books and games are complementary to each other. For students both are essential.

The fitness of man is absolutely necessary to live a life worth. If a person is always engrossed in books he is bound to be dull and lifeless. So, books and games both are necessary for a student. Life without charm if one is not healthy. Games and sports go a long way in keeping a man healthy and fit.

Games are compulsory in schools. One period is reserved for games. But in colleges this is not the same. Many students never come to the playfield. Some ways must be devised so, that every youngman can be attracted towards the playground.

Games keep us healthy and in good spirits. After a game one feels refreshed and ready for the work of the day. Games also develop a sense of fellow feeling and comradeship on people. Team games are especially helpful in this regard. They teach us the spirit of following the orders of a fellow player, who happens to be our captain. However, games must not be played with the spirit of enmity. On the playfield persons who happen to be in a rival team are not our enemies but our opponents. On the playfield it is immaterial as to who wins and who loses, what is important is that the game is played with the spirit of the game. So, games can teach us the lesson of friendship. Games also inculcate in us a sense of discipline. Disci pline is the most important thing in the life of a man. Only those people succeed in their lives who lead a disciplined life and no place is better than a playfield to teach us about the discipline. An undisciplined man is bound to fail in the game of life. Further, games and sports help us to fight against the menace of caste, creed and colour. On a playfield one is only a player and a partner or opponent. He is not a Hindu or Muslim or Sikkh.

However, excessive indulge in games is bound to be harmful. Too much play is harmful to health as well. Then spending too much time on the playfield will-mean less time for studies for a student. So, there must be right balance between games, studies and other activities of life.

8. If I were the Prime Minister of India (Imp)

Man by nature is a dreamer and often dream of things that are nowhere real and far from becoming a fact. I too dream of becoming a Prime Minister of India if given a chance and choice. As a Prime Minister I would introduce many reforms both in social, economic and education circle.

The first thing I would do is to introduce and make moral education compulsory. I would remove poverty from the country and introduce reforms in agriculture granting loan so that young boys can start their own work.

As a Prime Minister I would stress up on spreading education so that the ignorance of superstition present in the society is removed and make a secular state in the true sense and would see that no political party favours any particular religion and no such thing or law are done that would hurt the sentiments of the people.

I shall set such an example of selfless service to the people that my successor may emulate my example. Such is my vision. If I ever get an opportunity to become the Prime Minister of India.

9. India of My Dream

World is fast moving towards the 21st century and it is essential that we redesign India and make it a world of dream which is bound to be different from what it is now.

It is the need that India should be conscious of her national identity as we prefer to identity ourselves on the basis of our community rather than identifying ourselves as an Indian, this tendency disintegrates us and diverts us from our goal. Let us on this 15th Aug. pledge ourselves to be Indian and to call ourselves Indian. The freedom and the development of the nation depends largely upon how far we are united and how strong our ties with one another are, for there is no short cut to peace and harmony as well as development.

For a powerful and resurgent India, education is vital and basic need, our constitution also guarantees it. It is the government’s responsibility to provide facility of education for all, therefore it has made education free for all students of up to 14 years age, but unfortunately even after 50 years of our Independence we have not been able to achieve the goal in spite of providing all that facilities and utilising all resources we have failed to reach the goal. Therefore, the present need is to utilise all the resources and achieve the target set, so that an enlightened Indian enters into the 21st century.

India, as we know is not free from problem and has always come out victorious in tackling them. The biggest problem of the day is the population explosion which has failed all achievements and eaten up our success therefore, it has be very essential that the growth rate of population be checked, then only the fruits of success will come our way otherwise not.

An average Indian’s dream should be to enter the new century free from problems and that can be attained only through firm determination and sensible timely decision, the national wealth should be evenly distributed so that the true meaning of socialism is attained by the time we enter new era.

We all desire to see India as a well-developed and advanced nation, that is self- sufficient in her needs, therefore, the need is to leave parochial tendencies and do our share of work to make India a heaven of peace and prosperity, then only the India of our dream will come to life.

10. Places of Tourist Interest in M.P. (Imp)

Tourism is a flourishing industry these days. It is an important means of eaming valuable foreign exchange for every country. India, with her rich legacy, is a paradise for tourists on earth. People from America and Europe visit our country in great numbers and try to see the beauty of the country. Madhya Pradesh lies in the heart of India is also a tourists attraction.

The most important tourist centre of the state is Khajuraho. This town is situated near Chhatarpur. There is a regular air service to this town. Although it is not connected with rail, yet it is connected with almost every tourist town of the state through bus service. The town is famous for its temples built by the Chandel kings, nearby there is also a cluster of Jain temples. Every tourist who visits Agra also visits Khajuraho.

Sanchi is another tourist paradise. It boasts of the famous stupas which tell us about Buddhist culture. It was a flourishing town in the past. In 1952, on the occasion of the 2500th birth anniversary of Lord Buddha a new stupa arid temple were erected here. It is near Bhopal and is connected by direct train and bus services.

Bhopal, which is now the capital of the state boasts of some ancient monuments. The town was established in very ancient times by Raja Bhoj and hence, it is called Bhojpal or Bhopal. Here are heavy industries like, Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL). Indore is also a place of historical interest. Near Indore is Dhar which has the famous forts of Bag Bahadur and Rani Roopmati. The town is a poem of stones. Gwalior is another famous centre of tourists attraction. The old fort of Gwalior is worth seeing. Now the fort has fa mous Scindhia School. It is a historical monument. Jabalpur situated on the banks of the Narmada, is famous for its marble rocks. Another important historical place is Ujjain. It was once the seat of Lord Vikramaditya, who is considered to be the wisest king ever born in India. The famous temple of Mahakal is also situated here. Today it is an important educa tional centre. It is one of the oldest town of the state and is famous for its Kumbha Fair, which is help once every twelve years…

Among other places of tourist interest may be mentioned is Pachmarhi, the only hill station of the state. Other towns of historical importance are Burhanpur, Vidisha, Rewa. Rewa is famous for its white tigers. Vidisha also boasts of some tourists attraction. Thus, we can say that Madhya Pradesh is a tourist paradise in India.

11. Unity is Strength (Imp)
(M.P. 2013)

India is a vast country and the Indian society is divided and subdivided into many castes and sub-castes speaking different languages. To bring all these on one platform is ..rather a difficult job, therefore efforts are being made to cultivate feeling of one nationality.

History reminds us of that from time to time. Our differences had breathed trouble for us and it was because of this disunity that we suffered 200 years of slavery. To a certain extent introduction of English and various means of transportation which were swifter, brought people closer and knitted them on common grounds. This closeness gave birth to common thoughts and outlook both on social and political ground. Yet the most essential aspect is yet to develop even today and that is, we all are Indians first and Indian last than only the differences and diversion will be shed and also stop communal riots.

India, has been from time to time threatened by many agitations. Some of these are still lingering in air like Assam problem, where non-Assamees are called foreigners, than — Punjab which burnt for many years under the fire of terrorism and such other problem in various parts of India pose a threat to India’s unity and integrity making people forget their nationality and the power of unity.

Unless Indians realize their role in democracy and look upon themselves as an Indian and not as Sikh, Punjabi, Marathi, etc., they cannot hope to present a united front before their enemies. The media can play an important role in developing this feeling of national unity.

It has been rightly said “External vigilance is the prize of liberty”. India’s present need is to be vigilant against the jeopardy of casteism, communalism if it wants to retain its freedom. We have to present a united front before our enemies like, China and Pakistan.

The bottom line is “United we stand, divided we fall.”

12. Position of Women in Ancient and Modern India

“Gods reside where women are respected” In the days of the epic age, women enjoyed a great respect among the people. They had an equal part in administration, warfare and education. It is a well known fact that kaikeyi the queen of Dashrath, joined hands with him in the battlefield and was therefore, granted two boons by him for her meritorius services. We are also not unaware of Lilawati in · who had been the pioneer for Indian astronomy. The wife of Madan Mishra defeated Shankaracharya in the vedic discussions.

During the Muslim rule, women were pushed into the background but there also the noble examples of Durgawati, Chand Bibi and Jijabai are exemplary. Many women poets like Mirabai adorned our Hindi literature. We can not forget the bravery of Lakshmi Bai, the Rani of Jhansi whose valour threatened great English generals in 1857.

It was Raja Ram Mohan Rai, who took up again the cause of Indian women during the early years of the 19th century, with whose efforts came the abolition of the ‘Sati system.’ It was due to his courageous work that Indian women dared to come out of purdah. The women of India played an important part in the freedom movement.

Now, the position of women in free India is very secure. ‘Child marriage’ and ‘Sati system are things of the past. Purdah has been cast aside by the Indian women and now every girl has to study. The Hindu law has given girls also a share in father’s property.

Indian women are marching shoulder to shoulder in every walk life, but despite all the advances made by them, Indian women are still ignorant and illiterate in great majority. It is the duty of the government to make education compulsory to infuse in women the value of self help. If India is to become truly prosperous, women should be paid special attention.

13. Menace of Terrorism in India – (Imp)

Terrorism is the bone of modern times. In general it is considered to be the use of violence of political ends. It is infact deliberate and systematic murder maining and menacing of the innocent to inspire fear for political end. Terrorism is the threat or use of violence by an individual of group whether acting for when such action is designed to create internal anxiety and public terror. It is not mindless as many people make us believe. It is deliberate and planned. It is a deliberate means to an end.

It the past terrorism was the strategy of the poor and down trodden against the ruthless tyrants. However today the moss, representing the terrorism, are not poor. Besides it, terrorism are getting modern weapons by which to achieve their arms. Some present-day terrorism groups have quite clearly acquired the characteristic once attributed to tyranny. This is the picture that emerges from the terrorist activities in Punjab.

Terrorism mainly springs from political frustration. Political parties and groups that are not able to annex from power by lawful and political means try to grab it by terrorist activities. They spare no pains to achieve their goals by whatever means they can. Unemployed frustrated youths easily become a prey to mechanisation of such disgruntled politicians.

Terrorism also takes the form hijacking of planes and kidnapping of diplomats other prominent citizens so that the demands of the terrorists could be conceded. Terrorism keep changing their ways of operation so that they are not easily caught.

In Punjab, we are witnessing the worst form terrorism today. Almost everyday news is brought about merciless killing of people. The events took an ugly turn after the assignation of Smt. Indira Gandhi. In the wake of her murder communal fury raged over the whole country. Pakistan, which has always wanted to find India in trouble was got a nice opportunity to send armed terrorists across the border to make Punjab unsteady. Although, the terrorism in Punjab have been isolated, yet the menace of terrorism in Punjab is far from over. Assam is also suffering greatly under terrorism.

Instances of state terrorism are also not tacking. In 1985 the Israel Govt. bombed a Tunisian territory so, that it could get rid of Vassar Arafat who was known to be living there. : Most governments are trying to fight this menace by setting up anti-terrorist squads consisting of specially, trained commandos who can spring to action at the slightest pretext. The remedy lies not in forming anti-terrorist squads, it lies in training in minds of the youths in constructive channels. Satisfied people will not take to the path of terrorism.

14. Science and Civilisation (M.P. 2012, 13)

Science has been the wonderful phenomena for mankind. It has considerably altered the world by its wonderful discoveries and invention. Revolutionary changes have been brought about which could not have taken place in the absence of science. It is science that produced and development of human civilisation. The process of science has been a potent factor to shape the history of man’s civilisation on earth. Our forefathers lived a primitive life, and we are now living in an atomic age. This long leap from the jungle to the atomic civilisation could be possible only through science. The concept of civilization is different from that of culture. Civilisation includes the physical development while culture signifies the inner growth. All the industrial, agriculture and technological developments are the essential parts of a developing civilisation. We are now living in a world of dazzling glitter. Machines have reduced much of the human labour and suffering. They are serving humanity like faithful servants. Ours is a push-button civilisation which depends upon tools, implements and machines.

. There are specific features that make a civilisation full. The entire structure of civilisation stands on some solid factors. The first condition for a true civilisation is that it must include the fulfilment of the primary human necessities just as food, clothing and housing. It is a matter of proud privilege that the present generation is enjoying better living conditions. We have better clothes to wear better and nourishing food to eat and a better house to live in than our ancestors. In this respect, we can assume an easy superiority over them. There is no denying the fact that it is science which has made our living conditions better. We must be grateful to science for its many benefits.

The other factor which makes a civilisation meaningful and useful is leisure. If a civilisation cannot provide leisure to the people, it is not a civilisation of human beings but of brutes. If a person is busy filling his belly from morning to evening, he does nothing different from what an animal does. The poor fellow struggles for survival throughout his whole life and this is what the people hunting and pastoral age did.

Science has bestowed numerous gifts on mankind. Means of transport and communications, medical facilities, electricity, culture machinery, recreational facilities etc. are such gifts of science to man. The blessings of science have made human life smooth and easy. Unfortunately the gifts of science have not been shared by all human beings equally. No civilisation is complete unless and the gifts of science are enjoyed by all. The gap between the rich and the poor has widened. This has hampered the uniform development of our civi lisation.

Science has invited lethal weapons which can destroy mankind in a twinkling of an eye. Thę atomic weapons have multiplied. Science can take away from us in a movement what it has given to us during the last several ages.

The terror of war is always hanging upon our heads like the sword of Democles. The survival of humanity is facing a horrible. The future of our civilisation is uncertain if the atomic weapons spark the Third World War. If science has made civilisation strong on one hand, it has made it weak on the other. If the gifts of science are not properly used, time is not far we shall see the end of human civilisation.

15. Democracy in India

India is said to be the largest democracy in the world in terms members. Democracy is the form of government in which people’s will is supreme. Since in the present-day big countries, it is not possible for the entire population of a country to gather at one place and deliberate and control the whole affairs. Government is therefore, carried by the elected representatives of the people. Of all the political forms of governments, democracy is considered to be all best. Democracy is therefore, the most cultured and civilised political institution.

Democracy is the temple in which there is only idol to be worshipped and that is the idol of the people. Democracy provides, to its people, freedom of thought, speech and action. Elections are held after a certain specified number of years. General Elections have been held in India for several times. It shows that the foundation of democracy here are stable. In comparison, in most of the neighbouring countries, like Pakistan, Bangladesh, sudden over throw of Governments have been witnessed. Army rule has been imposed in those countries and people enjoy less freedom as we do in India.

It is not mere holding of elections that is important, but people in India have developed mature judgements. When they found that a particular political party failed to represent their feelings, people of India have voted that party out. In 1977, the Congress (1) was defeated at the polls. Within two and half years, when the Indian people felt that the Janata Government was unable to deliver the good, they brought back Congress again. In the recent past, also many surprising political changes have been witness in the State elections. In Haryana and Punjab, the Congress was defeated at the elections. This is despite the fact that majority of the electorate is still not very highly educated. But by and large, people in India have developed mature judgement which is imperative for the success of democracy. The Indian electorate has once again votes the Congress out of power in the recent general elections. Very recently a new trend of governance has emerged in the sense that no political party could gain majority which resulted in the formation of coalition government continuously for two consecutive terms first by the NDA and second by of UPA.

It is a matter of serious concern that many drawbacks have crept into our democratic structure. Majority of the political leaders in our country have become corrupt and self-seeking. At times, one finds that democracy in our country is no longer the government of the people, for the people and by the people. It is only a handful self-secking leaders who are ruling the country without any regard to the public welfare which should be the important aspect of any democracy. Once elected, the ruling party forgets the voters and starts filling up their own coffers. This is certainly not healthy for the continuance of democracy. When we compare Indian democracy with that in England, we wonder at our public morality. The politicians here feel reluctant to leave their seats of power once voted by the people. For the success of democracy in our country what we require is clean public life of the politicians. The recent scandals about the Fairfax and Bofors have given a shock to the democratic setup in India. If the people of our country are vigilant only then there lies some hope for the future of democracy in India.

16. A Visit to a Historical Place (M.P. 2009)
“History makes a full man.”

-Nehru

There are many historical places in our country. Some of them are so important that people from foreign countries come to visit them. Mostly they are situated either in big cities. or near them. In almost all states of India, there are places of great historical importance. Such places have their value educationally also. Visits to such places give a novel angle of thinking apart from the pleasure of tour.

It was during Dashera holidays that our class decided to go on a visit to Agra where the most beautiful monument, the Tajmahal stands with all its grandeur and loveliness. Our teacher accompanied us in this tour. We made this long journey by train. At Agra, we hired a big hall for our stay.

After taking rest for a while, our teacher contacted a guide to lead us to the Taj. It was almost dusk, when we reached the spot. We saw the Tajmahal, an unequalled magnificent building situated on the bank of the sacred river ‘Yamuna’, surrounded by beautiful gardens and ponds. Its architecture was unique. The guide explained every historical detail to us.

The Tajmahal was built by the emperor Shahjahan in memory of his beloved empress Mumtaz Begum. It is so finely built with marble slabs that the joints are not visible. It appears as if everything is carved and engraved on an enormous marble stone. The beautiful scenes of the location enhance its magnificence. The guide showed us every corner of the building. We sat in the garden for a long time and enjoyed the glamour of the Taj.

Very soon night befell. It was a moonlight night. The silvery light of the moon spread all over and the whole environment was cool and soothing. The grandeur of the glorious monument was further enhanced by the moonlight. It actually demonstrated the soft and deep feelings of Shahjahan for Mumtaz Begum.

The next day we went to see some other places of historical importance situated nearby. The other day we went to Delhi and visited the Parliament House, India gate and Rastrapati Bhawan, In the end we went to Rajghat to pay our tribute to Late Rastrapita ‘Gandhiji’.

Finally we started on our return journey in a cheerful mood. All through out the journey we talked about ihe pleasant experiences that we bore in our minds. The splendour of the Taj had left a deep impression on our hearts. At last we reached home in a fresh and jolly mood.

I narrated the whole show to my parents and younger brothers and sisters who were equally happy to hear the same.

17. Communal Harmony

Amity between the commuities in the country and absence of any friction and tension among them is known as communal harmony. In countries like India, it is very important, being a precondition to internal peace, which is essential for progress and development of the country. As we know, India has got multiplicity of religions and very nature of the culture is composite. But religion has never been a source of conflict between the communities in Indian soceity. Mutual tolerance and high regards for other religions is an age-old tradition of the country. Still tha vested interest has always been active to create disharmony between them. There were, however not a single instance some years back where obstruction in religious performance has been a cause of communal riots. This phenomenon in the Indian context is politically motivated and has always been engineered by vested interests. It were there at the time of the foreign rule as well as in post-independence era.

Communal harinony as such is highly sensitive an issue and cannot be soft pedalled any more in view of our traditional values composite cultural heritage and secular character of out state. But the main problem is how to maintain communal harmony as administrative and social levels. There is lack of political consciousness among the common people due to literacy. Secondly antisocial and professional criminals have been playing a key role in communal riots and flare-ups as agents of vested interests and their hirelings. Finally, there is need of an effective mechanism to deal with it. Present mechanism is not so smooth. It lacks coordination and people’s involvement. The intelligence agencies reports in advance to the District and State authorities about the communal tension and the element actively associated with growing tension and potentials of disturbances etc. But generally no action is taken and authorities wait for the riots. It is only thereafter that police moves in for action and curfew is clamped to control the situation. During curfew arrests are made for violations.

For the last ten years Ram Janmbhoomi-Babari Masjid issue is a major root of commu al disharmony. Muslims and Hindus are face to face with each other on this issue. In the earlier the communal riots on this issue have taken many lives in Gujarat. Three bogies of a train in which Ramsevaks were returning from Ayodhya were burnt by a mob of 2000 Muslim fundamentalists at Godhara railway station. In which 58 persons were burnt alive. Suddenly in reaction of it, Hindus started burning the properties and men and women in different areas of Gujarat.

To begin with, therefore, the first things is to have a fresh look as it and amend our approach accordingly. Foremost in the process thus is resolute toil on the part of government to protect the foundation pillar of the Indian state. We must tackle the situation wisely.

With fresh approach to the problem fresh measures are also to taken to deal with it effectively. The measures would include suitable amendments in the existing applicable law, pertaining to apprehension of breach of peace and criminal conspiracy against the state and people of India. A new mechanism involving individuals and social organisation on different levels to watch vigil over the situation replacing existing local peace committees will have to be evolved to help the administrative machinery is taking preventive and follow-up action in cases of attempts and conspiracy of breach of communal harmony. This will lead our country to the path of glory.

18. Problem of Pollution in India
Or.
Pollution (Imp)

Science and industry have made human life easier, healthier and happier. But these have also brought about the problem of pollution. Today pollution has assumed so gigantic proportions that the very existence of human life is in jeopardy. If pollution continues to increse unchecked that day is not for when life would become difficult. Even beautiful buildings like Taj Mahal are facing the danger of losing their lustre because of the pollution in river Yamuna.

Pollution may be in water and air. The pollution of water is mainly caused by the flow of industrial, hospital waste and city sewage into the river and lakes. Surface water is full of all sorts of impurities. The discharge of industrial and other wastes into rivers and lakes has made water poisonous. It is causing incalculable harm to life on earth, Jaundice has become a very common disease today.

The pollution of air is no less dangerous. It is mainly caused by petrol and diesel that are used for driving vehicles, railway and other machines. Air pollution is also caused by the indiscriminate felling of trees. Overpopulation is another cause of air pollution. Big cities are especially prone to air pollution. The result of research, carried out in the United States of America, on air pollution are simply alarming. This research showed air pollution is imperceptibly causing changes in weather conditions and the earth is becoming cooler. The last ice age on the earth took place due to the fall in temperature by 4°C (Celsius). Who knows we are heading towards another ice age.

Another significant cause of pollution is nuclear fall out. Hiroshima and Nagasaki are burning examples of the danger of nuclear and atomic fall out. These cities are suffering from the cause of the fall out. Although atomic bombs were thrown over these cities more than forty five years back.

Although Govt. of India has taken measures to check air as well as water pollution, pollution can be checked if dependence on mechanization is lessened. Humanity and civilization can survive only if the problem of pollution is tackled successfully. Hence, no time must be lost in fighting pollution. Our Earth is the only inhabited planet. It is our duty to preserve it and its civilization.

19. Pollution : Need for Environmental Consciousness

The unsustainable life styles and consumption patterns of the industrialized countries have led to the worst environmental degradation. As far back as in 1992, Earth Summit at Rio de Janiero highlighting the fact adding that poverty is the main setback in controlling and reforming of the environmental pollution for the poor and developing countries. It called for a global partnership for environmental protection. Agenda 21 adopted Reo de Janiero addressed the pressing problems of the day with over 2500 recommendations for action in social and economic areas, such as combating povery, changing patterns of production and resumption conserving and managing natural resources, protecting our atmosphere, oceans and bio-diversity, preventing deforestation and protecting sustainable agriculture.

The major problems of the environment are recognised as global climatic change, ozone depletion, water and air pollutions deforestation, and resource, degradation. 23 billion tones of carbon dioxide is released in the air by burning fossil fuels causing greenhouse effect. The Greenhouse gases are mainly contributed industrialized nation. By the middle of 21st century, earth’s temperature at present level of heat emission would go up by one to three degree Celsius and the sea level would rise between 30 to 100 centimetres.

India has witnessed alarming environmental degradation in two decades. It is the sixth largest and the second fastest producers of Greenhouse gases. The key environmental pollutions related to industries in India are water pollution, soil erosion, ground contamina tion and deforestation. Indian rivers are also from high level pollution due to enormous municipal wastes, industrial effluents and agricultural run-off. According to expert findings, 70 per cent of India’s surface water is severely. As per government statement in 1992, 3/4 of the total waste water generation is due to the municipal waste which is one half of the total pollution load. Consequent to it, fresh water resources are depleting very fast and water-born diseases are on the increase that account for 2/3rd of the total illness in India.

Air pollution in India is the highest by vehicular sources to the extent of 64 per cent, by thermal power 16 per cent, by industry 13 per cent and by climatic sector 7 per cent. The average level of suspended particular matter, in Kolkata, Mumbai, Chennai and Delhi is very high and these are included in the list of 10 metropolitans of the world in respect thereof. These cities have reached critical level while Kanpur, Nagpur and Ahmedabad are hitting the same. Chennai is found moderate.

In respect of land pollution, it is disposal of solid and toxic municipal and industrial wastes. The, per capita solid waste generation average in India is to the order of 360 to 400 gms per day. This waste counts for affliction of respiratory diseases.

In case of pollution control of environmental reform it is very important to note that a partnership of highly industrialized nations with the poverty sticken and developing countries is a must for sustainable development. It implies the help of the farmer to the latter which includes transfer of latest non-pollution technology. This has been the main stress in the Rio de Janiero declaration in June 1997. Earth plus five summit was held in New York to review the programme adopted in ‘Agenda 21′. The conference concluded that the targets were not achieved-annual emission of carbon dioxide, blamed for global warming, continued to rise, fresh water scarcity remained and depletion of forest cover was not being checked. In another conference held in a Japanese resort, Kyoto in December 1997, to check global warming participants agreed to meet binding target between 2008 and 2012.

The steps to control pollution in India include environmental clearance for major industrial activities based to impact assessment before site selection. Introduction of unloaded petrol, low-sulphur diesel and higher emission norms throughout the country in a phased manner is the second significant step. Beside this, efforts are to be intensified further to control pollution in 22 industries in various towns and cities that are critically polluted. The industries are to comply with such emission and effluent standards as may be notified in a time-bound manner.

20. The Menace of Corruption In India
(M.P. 2012)

Corruption is a deep-rooted menace that has entered into the vital of our society. There is hardly any sphere of social, economic, political and religious activity that is free from corruption of some kind. Corruption has become so common that most of the people have came to accept it as part of their life.

Bribery and corruption has increased greatly after 1947. The growth of democracy, the system of licences and permits for setting up enterprises, securing quotas of law materials, imports and exports and expansion of trade and commerce is responsible for the increase in corruption. Stringent laws against corruption have proved to be effective in curbing this evil.

Corruption flourishes as long as the people who are prepared to give bribe and others who are prepared to accept it directly or indirectly. Each one of us have weakness for easy money, people are prepared to do anything or sloop any entent of taking graft in order to maintain there so called standard. On the one hand they accept bribe and on the other they urge people to be honest and pure. Such hypocrisy compounds the offence.

It is not different to locate the causes of corruption. Corruption generally breeds at the top and then gradually filters down to the lower levels. Gone all the days when people who joined politics were fired by the spirit of serving the nation. Those who suffered for the sake of getting their country freed from the foreigners, knew only how to make sacrifice. They had never expected their compensation for their sacrifices. Those were the days when selfless people joined politics but unfortunately present politicians are self centered. When people in power indulge in unser unscrupulous practices, a common man also indulges freely.

Government after government have made promises to root out corruption from our public life but this evil has persisted of course there are honest officials but they are in minority. Let us a nation, contemplate seriously as to what will happen when our public life is loaded with corruption. A certain amount of introspection by those who are in power can only initiate the process of minimising the evil of corruption in our country. If the public in general is different, corruption on would not continue to grow as like, cancer.

21. Dowry : A Social Evil
(M.P. 2012)

The definition of dowry is very simple and significant. It is the money or valuablo things that bride brings to her husband at the time of marriage or gifts given by the brides. parents at her marriage.

India is the only country in the world where the pernicious dowry system exists. It is the most-vicious system that is eating into the vitals of the nation and hampers the growth and development of the Indian womanhood on the right lines.

The evil of the dowry system with the ever-increasing demands by greedy parents of well-to-do young boys from the parents of the hapless young girls has assumed such meaning proportions that the government has taken a very serious view of the whole matter and has made dowry giving and dowry taking a cognizable offence punishable with imprisonment. Still day in and day out, we are horrified by the news of bride-burning. Young brides are burnt alive by mothers-in-law in connivance with other members of the family: sister-in-law, brother-in-law, even husbands for not bringing adequate dowry. These human sharks deserve the severest punishment, even extermination from society.

The evil of dowry system and bride-burning is a blot upon the Indian civilization and deserves the severest condemnation. Foreigners ridicule our callousness and inhuman cruelty towards women and fail to understand how we can call ourselves civilized when such an atrocious practice prevails in the Indian society.

How can the menace of dowry system be effectively checked? Social boycott and wide publicity of the offenders will go a long way in reducing the menace of dowry. Wom en’s organisations staging demonstrations against the guilty people shall be made more ef fective. Lastly, every dowry death must be properly probed and the offenders should be awarded exemplary punishment within six months of the occurrence of the death.

MP Board Class 11th Special English Important Questions